جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کلامیدیا تراکوماتیس » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Chlamydia trachomatis is the cause of chlamydial infection of the genital tract and trachoma and is the most common bacterial infection transmitted through sexual contact and the most important and costly non-viral sexually transmitted disease. This infection is a common cause of urethritis in men and cervicitis in women, and many complications such as infertility and ectopic pregnancy have been reported. This study was performed aimed to evaluate the frequency of anti-chlamydia antibodies in asymptomatic women of childbearing age referred to health centers in Mashhad.

This cross-sectional study was performed in 2016 on 93 women referring to the health care centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Anti-chlamydia IgG antibodies were tested in these samples by ELISA method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) and Fisher Freeman Halton Exact test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

A total of 93 women were evaluated. The mean serum level of antibody was 0.35±0.36 ng/dl and accordingly 6.5% (n=6) had a positive result. Also, the relationship between infection and age (p=0.209) and living area (p=0.239) of ​​these people was examined, but no significant relationship was found.

According to the results of the present study, the frequency of anti-chlamydia antibodies was considerable in women of reproductive age referred to the health centers in Mashhad. Due to this prevalence and high complications of this infection in case of no treatment, it is recommended that the Chlamydia Trachomatis screening program be performed routinely even for asymptomatic individuals.

The prevalence of infertility in the world is increasing and treatment of infertility is one of the important issues. This study was performed with aim to investigate the relationship between IgG and IgA titers of Chlamydia Trachomatis and tubal obstruction in infertile and fertile women referred to Ali ibn-e Abitaleb hospital of Zahedan.

This case-control study was performed in 2019 on 203 women referred to infertility clinic of Ali ibn-e Abitaleb Hospital of Zahedan. The healthy fertile women were considered as the control group. IgG and IgA antibody titers of Chlamydia trachomatis were measured in both groups. For infertile patients with positive IgG and IgA, laparoscopy was performed and tubal occlusion was evaluated. For patients with negative IgG and IgA, hysterosalpingography were done for more evaluation. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 21) and t-test and Chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

In this study, 203 women were studied. In quantitative comparison, mean IgG and IgA titers were significantly higher in infertile women than fertile women (P=0.039) and (P=0.02), respectively, but in qualitative comparison, the frequency of positive Chlamydia antibody was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.951). IgG and IgA titer was significantly higher in infertile women with tubal obstruction than infertile women without tubal obstruction (P<0.001).

Although the mean IgG and IgA titers were significantly higher in infertile women than fertile women, but the frequency of chlamydia positive antibodies did not differ significantly between the two groups. Also, the titer of antibodies was significantly higher in infertile women with tubal obstruction.

Chlamydia trachomatis in men can be a cause of infertility which sometimes is not considered in the infertility criteria; on the other hand, this infection has adverse effects on the morphology of semen. Regarding to the unknown prevalence and destructive effects of this infection on semen, this study was performed with aim to investigate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and its effect on semen of infertile men referred to infertility clinics in Tabriz.

In this descriptive study, which was performed during 2015 with the participation of 268 infertile men referred to infertility clinics affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men and its effect on semen were investigated. Data were compared by SPSS software (version 20) and t-test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in infertile men was 35.82%; the morphological results of semen analysis showed that the number (P=0.009), progressive movement (P=0.026), morphology (P=0.001) and viability (P=0.003) of men sperm with chlamydia trachomatis infection was significantly lower than men without infection, while volume (P=0.012), in situ movement (P=0.009), sperm immobility (P=0.008) was significantly higher in men with infection than men without infection.

Incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection was higher than normal in the present study and this infection has led to destructive effects on semen morphology.

Chlamydial infection is a common infection. This bacterium can cause complications such as: pelvic inflammatory infection (PID), ectopic pregnancy, infertility and abortion. This study was performed with aim to evaluate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women with a history of abortion referred to Bental-Hoda Hospital in Bojnurd.

This descriptive study was performed on 90 women with a history of abortion who had referred to the Bental-Hoda Hospital in 2019. The research tool was the questionnaire and the study's sample was blood which was transferred to microbiology laboratory for ELISA test. Patient's demographic information and medical history including age, number of pregnancies, number of abortions, place of residence and number of successful deliveries were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19) and Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The prevalence of Chlamydial infection was 12.2% (n = 11). There was no significant relationship between the test's result (Chlamydial infection) and patients' age (p=0.92). The mean age was 27.7± 7.8 years in patients with chlamydia positive infection and 27.9±7.6 years in patients with negative infection. Also, no significant relationship was found between gestational age, number of pregnancies, place of residence, number of abortions and number of successful deliveries with test's result (chlamydial infection) (p<0.05).

Since in this study, the prevalence of Chlamydia infection was 12.2% in women with a history of abortion, in order to reduce the burden of disease in the community and prevent its complications, screening for Chlamydia by ELISA method can be considered as a part of routine care programs before and during pregnancy in all health centers.

Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium are of the main causes of womens' genital tract worldwide. These two bacteries cause urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease, which can lead to infertility in women. This study was performed with aim to determine the prevalence of these two infections in infertile women and its effect in IVF treatment failure. 

In this study, cervical swab sampling was performed from 100 infertile patients referred to infertility treatment center of Razavi hospital and Milad infertility center in Mashhad. The swabs were then immediately placed in a Screw Cap Test Tubes containing thioglycollate medium  and transferred to the laboratory.
The incubation was performed at 37C for 18 hours and then the tubes were centrifuged. The resulting precipitate was transferred into the microtubule, and after 3 washes, DNA extraction was performed by boiling. Finally, the supernatant was used for PCR (Uniplex PCR) separately with specific primers for each of these bacteria

The results showed that 23 samples were positive for Chlamydia trachomatis and most cases of IVF failure were related to this group (17 cases). Only one specimen was positive for Mycoplasma genitalium which was related to a patient with IVF failure.

Considering the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and and Mycoplasma genitalium, screening is impotrant in infertile women who suffer from relatively severe conditions and high costs of infertility treatment, including IVF. So, it is suggested that before any infertility treatment, the patients be monitored for the presence of these bacteries and receive antibiotic treatment if the result was positive.

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. Screening women for Chlamydia trachomatis in developing countries is highly desirable due to the ineffectiveness of the available diagnostic methods. The aim of this study is to design a detection kit for Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic women.

A total of 50 clinical specimens of symptomatic women were collected. The OMP1 gene sequence was extracted from the gene bank and the primer and probe were designed appropriately by Mega6 software. The extracted DNA was amplified by PCR. In order to provide positive control, PCR product was cloned into Pjet1.2 vector. To determine the sensitivity, DNA dilution was performed. To determine the specificity, DNA of vaginal bacteria was extracted and Real Time PCR was done.

In this study, we designed a kits with 100% specificity and 10pg/ϥl sensitivity in detecting chlamydial infection in symptomatic women.

With the use of designed primers and real time, we can detect 100% of chlamydia infections.

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most prevalent causative agents of sexually transmitted diseases which is related to a wide range spectrum of diseases such as cervicitis. Regarding the prevalence of this bacterium and its known complications and it was unclear prevalence in the Karaj region; therefore this study was conducted to determine the demographic status C. trachomatis in women cervicitis referred to Kamali hospital.

In this cross-sectional study, out of 167, 100 women with cervicitis symptoms (according to gynecologist's diagnosis) were examined by PCR method for C. trachomatis. The data of each patient were entered into the questionnaire and the results of questioner were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.

Out of 100 samples, 55 (55%) samples were C. trachomatis positive. The results of this study showed that among the variables studied there is a significant relationship between erythema and C. trachomatis infection.

The analysis of questionnaire result showed that, the most positive cases were among patient with non-academic, married, housekeepers. In spited of the results of most research carried out in other countries, the rate of infection in housewives without multi partner was higher than the other groups. The results of the study are noteworthy and need a broader precisely studies in the future and emphasize the sexual health education and encouraging screening program in Iran.

Upper genital tract infection causes inflammation in multiple organs such as endometrium, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and pelvic peritoneum. This type of disease is caused due to infection with cervical pathogens, such as neisseria gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium, bacterial vaginosis pathogens, and respiratory pathogens. The pathogens which involve the respiratory system and cervix are streptococci type A and enteric pathogens.  The primary goal of this study is reviewing reasons for having cervicitis and upper genital tract infection by discussing the appropriate treatments.
Significant Pelvic Inflammatory Disease  is one of the major topics of this field which needs a review since it engenders multiple disorders such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Moreover, even by performing a treatment, there is a good chance of seeing sequela and scar in the fallopian tube in such patients. It should be noted that although recent progress in detecting/treatment of the infection during the early stages, infertility caused by PID is a major concern for health system. Additionally, subclinical PID remains poorly controlled, which needs more attention. In developing country Prevention programs, such as chlamydia screening or vaccination, should be developed to mitigate the infection problems.

Background & objectives: Chlamydia trachomatis is a gram negative bacterium and chlamydia infection, as a curable infection, is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases (STD). With regard to the essential role of chlamydia in infertility, the study of the prevalence of asymptomatic cases is precious. The aim of this study was to determine of the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical samples in infertile women with PCR method. In this cross sectional descriptive-analytical study, a total of 135 women between 20-40 years old with chief complaint of infertility that referred to Alzahra-Rasht hospital and private clinics were randomly selected. The endocervical specimen was prepared using a sterile swab and was transferred to the laboratory in PBS for performing PCR. . The results of PCR and collected data from checklists were statistically analyzed using SPSS16. Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 19.3% of infertile women. There were no statistically significant differences between PCR results and the patient's age, type of infertility, obstruction in salpingography, family history and duration of infertility. The results of this study revealed that chlamydia infection has a high prevalence and in order to reduce the complications of this disease, screening tests can be used as a part of the country's health programs.

Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacteria among curable sexually transmitted infections. This bacterium is associated with female genital tract infections while most infected people are asymptomatic. The aim of current study was to detect Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic females using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and MOMP gene amplification.

The current investigation, as a cross-sectional study, was conducted on 200 symptomatic females who referred to MohebYas Hospital from June 2013 to June 2014. Samples were collected using Dacron swabs from the endocervical area, and then DNA was extracted and amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test in SPSS software version 20.

The most common symptoms were the lower abdominal pain (73.5%), dysuria (70.5%) and vaginal discharge (67.5%); respectively. 16 (8%) patients infected with Chlamydia were diagnosed by Polymerase Chain Reaction. There were significant relationships between the Chlamydia infection with education degree and the antibiotic consumption (p

It is suggested to Chlamydia trachomatis screening in sexually active people to minimize the subsequent effects.

Infertility rate has increased by 50% during the last two decades in Iran. There are several factors affecting infertility among women and men, amongst which infections have gained a lot of attentions recently. Given the high percentage of infertility in Iran, the present study has aimed to investigate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Neisseria gonorrhea amongst infertile women referring to a hospital in Tehran, Iran.
In the current descriptive study, 65 infertile women referring to Mahdieh Hospital in Tehran during 2016-2017 were included and two vaginal swabs and a questionnaire were taken for each patient. In the laboratory, DNA extraction using kit and PCR using specific primers were carried out.
Of the 65 vaginal swab specimens, 21 (32%) had bacterial infection and 44 (68%) had no bacterial infections, and 2 (3%) had the mixed infection. The prevalence of C. trachomatis, M. genitalium and N. gonorrhea were 9 (13.8%), 11 (16.9%) and 4 (6.2%) isolates, respectively. There was no relationship between history of abortion, use of oral contraceptive pills, education or age, with the prevalence of bacterial infections.
Based on the results of this study, M. genitalium, N.gonorrhea, and C.trachomatis were quite prevalent among infertile females and it can, therefore, be concluded that on-time control and treatment of infections caused by these organisms, together with other factors, could be important in prevention and treatment of women's infertility and the community’s health.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular parasites, gram-negative bacteria and also is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Correspondingly, the MOMP protein contains more than 60% of the extra-membrane proteins, which indicates the importance of this protein for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. The purpose of the study is to produce recombinant protein composed of antigenic regions of the MOMP protein and its antigenicity.
In this study, the regions with the highest antigenic property of the omp1 gene, with a length of 674 bp, were obtained based on bioinformatics software's and linked with flexible linker. Then, it was cloned and expressed in plasmid vector pET32a. After purification of the recombinant protein, its antigenicity was evaluated using Western blot technique with serum of infected people with Chlamydia.
Based on the results, in all serum samples of patients with chlamydial infections, antibody response bands were observed in nitrocellulose paper. Anyway, no antibody response band was detected in the serum samples of healthy people.
Data showed that antigenic region of MOMP protein can be expressed by in E. coli.
This protein was recognized by sera patients suffering from Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Conclusively, the recombinant protein has similar epitopes and close antigenic properties to the natural form of this antigen.

Introduction. Chlamydia trachomatis is mainly transmited by sexusal contact and similar to other STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) affect primarily young and sexually active persons which due to its undesirable effects in pregnancy is of great importance. The aim of this study is review the role of different C. trachomatis serovars and their relaition with infection consequents.
Methods. This study was a review of data collected from scientific databases including Web of science, Google scholar, PubMed, Sciencedirect, ISC and magiran using the following keywords: Chlamydia trachomatis, serovar, STD, prevalence and infertility. After initial search with emphasis on the published English papers over the last 5 years, 66 articles were included.
Results. The distribution of different strains of this intracellular bacterium in different parts of the world can be a suitable clue for planning epidemiologic programs for control of this infection and consequently other STDs. All studies on this subject nearly revealed that E serovar is the dominant serovar in the infection of cervix, vagina and uro-genital system but its prevalence varies between 20 – 50% in different researches.
Conclusion. The distribution of serological groups of C. trachomatis around the wolrd is very similar at national scale but are different between cities. The most prevalent serovars are E, D and F. Various studies have shown the relation of serovars involved in urogenital infections with clinical symptoms severity and the duration of C. trachomatis infection; however contradictory data have been reported.

Retrograde of menstrual blood into the peritoneal cavity is one of the accepted theories for initiation of endometriosis although indicated that other factors are involved in pathogenesis. Investigation of infectious agents is important in this regard.
To investigate the presence of bacterial infections; Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma Hominis as risk factors in endometriosis lesions.
This case-control study was conducted in Sarem Hospital in 2014. DNA was extracted from 90 paraffin-embedded blocks included 40 endometriosis tissue samples, 23 samples of endometrial tissue from the same patients and 27 samples of endometrial tissue of the patients without endometriosis, and molecular analysis were performed using polymerase chain reaction. Results were analyzed by Fisher Exact Test and McNemar Test.
Findings: Chlamydia trachomatis infection was seen in 11 (27.5%) endometriosis tissue, 3 (13%) normal tissue from patients and 10 (37%) in patient without endometriosis. Mycoplasma hominis was diagnosed in 11 (27.5%) endometriosis tissue, 7 (30.4%) of normal tissue from patients and one patient without endometriosis (3.7%). These differences show significant relations between infection with Mycoplasma hominis and endometriosis.
The findings of this study did not show significant association between Chlamydia trachomatis infections and endometriosis. However; it seems Mycoplasma hominis infection can increase the risk of endometriosis incidence.