جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Despair » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Hope is a dynamic expectation to achieve goals and disappointment is a system of negative schemas that a person has towards himself and his future, and it harms the mental health, self-concept and thus the social adequacy of the person and makes him inconsistent and isolated. This research is written with the aim of explaining the concept of despair and its effect on mental health and human relationships and providing strategies to reduce it from the perspective of the Holy Quran and descriptive analytical method, and states that despair in the Holy Quran is the result of ignoring God's infinite power and mercy. It is the creator of man and it affects the mental health of a person with effects such as reducing the level of self-efficacy, creating and increasing depression, reducing happiness, reducing adaptation and creating and increasing feelings of dissatisfaction, and in this way it affects the relationships of a person and causes disruption in relationships and In the end, the quality of life decreases and it can be controlled and reduced with strategies such as spirituality, positive thinking, focusing on blessings and successes, and patience and effort. The result is that disappointment through the reduction of self-efficacy causes a person to appear in social relationships with a bag of negative emotions, and since the feeling of disappointment prevails over other emotions, the smallest problem in this field affects the person's relationships and causes disruption in relationships and If it continues, it will cause isolation and social isolation.

The question arises whether philosophy can offer solutions to reduce despair and strengthen hope for the suffering caused by physical illnesses? Physical illnesses, which sometimes increase with the advancement of human beings in the experimental sciences, cause numerous sufferings, one of the clearest examples of which is the spread of the Corona virus. The purpose of this study is to find philosophical foundations in the Islamic field of reducing the suffering caused by diseases.Research

The present study is a problem-oriented and descriptive-analytical method to eliminate despair and strengthen hope in physical diseases with the focus on the thoughts of Sadr al-Din Mohammad Shirazi.

The findings of the research indicate that in the paradigm of Sadr al-Mutallahin, there are some basic principles that belief in them can be effective in relieving despair and strengthening hope in the desired suffering.

The result of the research indicates the existence of some principles in the wisdom of the sage in question, which will change the attitude in the face of physical diseases. Paying attention to the attributes of mercy and justice of the Almighty, praying and trusting in the Lord of the world and resurrection are also some of the influential factors in this issue.

The birth of a child with authistic spectrum disorder is a challenge to the family, especially to mothers. The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance commitment therapy and coping strategies in decreasing anxiety and despair in mothers of children with autism.

This qausi-experimental multigroup pre-test, post-test design with a control group enrolled 30 mothers of children with autism who were being treated in teaching-treatment centers of Booshehr city using convenience sampling. They were randomly classified into three groups. The experimental groups participated in eight sessions of 90 minutes in 8 weeks, while the control group did not receive anyinterventions. Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Hopelessness Scale were used to collect research data. The collected data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Tukey post hoc test.

Results showed that acceptance commitment therapy and training coping strategies significantly decreased anxiety and despair in mothers in the experimental groups compared to those in the control group (p<0.01), but the decrease was not significant in the follow-up stage. Tukey's test showed acceptance commitment therapy was significantly more effective for anxiety than training coping strategies in the
post-test (p<0.01).

Our findings showed that both treatments were effective in decreasing anxiety and despair. Hence, therapists can use these two therapeutic and training approaches, especially acceptance commitment therapy, which is a new wave of cognitive – behavioral therapy.

Frustration and emotion dysregulation have been among the most factors contributing to suicidal tendencies faced currently by societies.  Therefore, developing a training program to decrease such tendencies seems necessary. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an integrative intervention in decreasing frustration and emotion dysregulation as determinants of suicidal tendencies among adolescents and young people.

The present study is an experimental trial with a pretest-posttest design and control group and was conducted on 40 adolescents and young persons aged 15-25 who were selected through the random cluster sampling in 2018-19 in Ilam. All of the participants completed the Suicide Attitude Questionnaire, Children's Health Locus of Control Scale(CHLC), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-P). The experimental group received an integrative intervention, while the control group received no intervention. Upon the completion of the intervention and collecting the data, they were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and by SPSSV22 software.

The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there is significant difference in the scores of the two groups (Wilks' lambda=0.251, F=5.664, p=0.001) in terms of despair (F=6.843, p=0.013), self-blame (F=10.412, P=0.003), rumination (F=5.016, p=0.031), catastrophizing (F=6.331, p=0.016), blaming others (F=14.132, p=0.001), positive re-focus (F=9.126, p=0.005), planning re-focus (F=10.275, p=0.003), and positive re- evaluation (F=6.024, p=0.019). However, there was no significant intergroup difference in terms of acceptance (F=0.830, p=0.368) and perspective taking (F=0.121, p=0.730).

Organizing training programs based on an integrative approach has been effective in decreasing despair and emotion dysfunction among the adolescents and young people with suicidal tendencies. Conducting training programssuch as problem- solving, emotional, regulation, mindfulness, etc. for psychologists, parents, adolescents, health professionals, and social pathologists can be effective in decreasing and preventing suicide among adolescents.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a part of a group of diseases of the nervous system that is associated with the destruction of the myelin sheath of the nervous system. Due to its disabling nature, the complications of this disease cover all aspects of the person's life and thus reduce the patient's life expectancy. The reduction of life expectancy also contributes to marital conflicts in the lives of these patients. In this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of real-therapies on reducing marital conflicts and hopelessness in women with MS. The research method was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test post-test design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all women with MS who referred to the MS Society and Sine Hospital in Tehran in 2015. Using a suitable sampling method, 31 MS patients with marital conflicts and hopelessness were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and evidence have been replaced. Before the intervention program, the two groups were tested by sickness and hopelessness conflict questionnaires, then the experimental group received real-therapeutic training for 10 sessions of 2 hours and the control group received no intervention. After intervention, both groups were tested by questionnaires. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used. The results of covariance analysis showed that group reality therapy caused a significant difference (p<0.001) between pretest (M=112.90) and post test (M=90/06) in total score Marital conflicts as well as pretest (M=17.01) and post-test (M=13.70) were in the experimental group. In the post-test, after the control of the pre-test scores, the experimental group reported fewer marital conflicts and disappointment than the control group. Group reality therapy in MS patients makes it possible to know their needs and talk about their spouses, thus it can play an important role in improving marital conflicts and reducing their hopelessness.

The perceived risk of adolescents as an expected condition of this age group is not necessary as a deviant behavior for prevention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between disappointment, mental health and meta-cognition with high-risk behaviors in adolescents (Zahedan Red Crescent Centr). Material & Method: This descriptive correlation study was carried out in the Red Crescent Center of Zahedan in 1396. The population of the study was 1730 and the sample size was estimated using 150 Morgan table with available sampling method. Despair, mental health, metacognition and high risk behaviors were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by using correlation and regression tests in SPSS19 software.

The results of this study showed that disability, mental health, and meta-cognition were moderate in adolescents. Pearson test results showed that there was a significant relationship between disappointment and high risk behaviors (P ≤ 0.01). There was a significant relationship between mental health dimensions of anxiety and insomnia (direct and positive) and suicidal tendencies (reverse and negative) with high risk behaviors (P ≤ 0.01). Also, there was a significant relationship between metacognitive dimensions of positive beliefs (direct and positive) and self-knowledge (reverse and negative) with high risk behaviors (P ≤ 0.01).

The results of this study showed that there is a significant correlation between disappointment, mental health and metacognition. Prevention provides a rational solution for psychosocial and social safety. Prevention of high-risk behaviors is easier, less costly and more effective than treatment.

Nowadays the prevalence of depression is estimated 16 percent and even higher in the elderly period and in particular in cardiovascular patients and in some cases it approaches 50 percent. So this investigation seeks to study the role of self-care, resilience and despair in the depression of the elderly with heart diseases. This study is a descriptive- correlative type that was conducted in the first half of 2017. The statistical community of the study consisted of 129 of cardiovascular patients who referred to the clinics and hospitals of Khoramabad city whom were selected with purposeful and accessible sampling method. The data collection tools consisted of Momeni’s self-care behavior questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Connor and Davidson resilience Scale. Data from the questionnaires were analyzed using Pearson correlatonal statistical methods and multiple regression for the purpose of predicting the role of self-care, resilience and despair in the elderly with heart diseases. Regression result revealed that predictor variables totally predict 49 percent of depression variance in the elderly with heart diseases and according to results, it could be said that high self-care and resilience result in a reduction in depression and high despair results in an increase in the elderly with heart diseases.

Self-efficacy and despair are factors that can directly affect the quality of life of individuals. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and despair in young individuals and was carried out on elementary students.
This research is a descriptive and correlational study. The study sample consisted of both girl and boy students of Mohtashami Elementary School in the city of Torbat Heydariyeh. From the population, a total of 89 girls and boys were selected using the stratified random sampling method. In this study, the measuring tools were Scherer's self-efficacy questionnaire, the scale of despair of Kazdyn and demographic information. The accumulated data was processed using spss software, version 20.
The results showed there was no significant correlation between the efficacy and despair in boys (r=-0.13, sig=0.546). However, there was a significant inversed correlation between efficacy and despair in the girls; and the correlation coefficient (r=-0.48) and a significant amount (sig=0.006) was obtained.
It can be concluded that an increase in self-efficacy of students could reduce despair. Suitable self-efficacy methods should be introduced and strengthened in classroom environments. More research needs to be done on this subject in the future.