جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « liver enzymes » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Silymarin is utilized in the treatment of liver conditions primarily because of its antioxidant properties and its ability to lower blood lipid levels. Propofol, an anesthetic and antioxidant, is harmful to patients with hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of silymarin and propofol on liver enzymes and blood indices. We also studied the impacts of propofol and silymarin on propofol-induced hyperlipidemia in male Wistar rats.

The rats were divided into four groups: 1) controls; 2) silymarin; 3) propofol; and, 4) combined propofol and silymarin. On the 22nd day after the treatments, all rats were anesthetized, and their blood samples were collected to estimate the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C. After being sacrificed, the liver was removed from each rat to determine the levels of MDA, GPx, GSH, and CAT. Moreover, histopathological examinations were performed on all liver samples.

Silymarin and propofol, used either separately or in combination, had a favorable effect on the indicators of oxidative stress and the liver’s antioxidant markers. The propofol treatment alone significantly increased the blood lipid parameters. The administration of Silymarin had a modulating effect on propofol-induced hyperlipidemia in rats.

Propofol and silymarin had favorable effects on the liver; however, propofol increased the blood lipids due to its lipid structure, which is a warning for patients with hyperlipidemia. In this regard, silymarin may be considered a protective option, making it a potential treatment for patients experiencing hyperlipidemia induced by propofol.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers, liver enzymes, lung involvement severity, and mortality in 841 COVID-19 patients admitted to Imam Reza Hospital affiliated to the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.The study included demographic information, physical and clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, computed tomography (CT) scan scores, and final outcomes. The mean age of the patients was 58.23±16.44 years, and 39.2% were female. The most common underlying disease was hypertension (51.3%), and the most frequent symptom at presentation was shortness of breath (87.1%). The mortality rate was 33.8%. The results showed a significant direct correlation between CRP levels and LDH levels (r=0.129, p<0.001), as well as between CRP levels and CT scores (r=0.322, p<0.001). There was also a significant inverse correlation between CRP levels and patients' SPO2 (r=-0.309, p<0.001). ESR levels had no significant correlation with SPO2, LDH, AST, ALT, or CT scores. Expired patients had significantly lower SPO2 levels (p<0.001) and ALT (p=0.044), while CRP (p<0.001), LDH (p<0.001), and CT scores (p<0.001) were significantly higher compared to discharged patients.The findings suggest that serum CRP levels at admission can be used as a predictive factor for the severity of lung involvement and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Liver damage was also associated with worse clinical outcomes. ESR levels had no significant relationship with lung involvement severity and mortality, possibly due to the delay in ESR elevation in response to inflammation.

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism are serious health and socioeconomic problems globally, and chronic alcohol intake can spawn abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide. The study aims to ascertain the impact of an aqueous extract of Citrullus lanatus seed on Liver enzymes, urea and creatinine and following alcohol-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into five groups of six animals each, as follows: Group A served as a positive control and received feed and water only; Group B served as a negative control and received alcohol only; Group C received 500 mg/kg of ASCL for 6 weeks; Group D received 3 ml of alcohol for 3 weeks and was treated with 500 mg/kg of ASCL for 6 weeks; and Group E received 3 ml of alcohol for 3 weeks and was treated with 1000 mg/kg of ASCL for 6 weeks. The experiment lasted for 9 weeks, and administration was done through oral gavage. The alcohol-only treated group had a significant difference (p=o.oo) when compared to the normal control, and a significant difference (p=o.oo) was seen in the alcohol-only treated group in comparison with ASCL-treated groups for kidney function, and liver enzymes. Liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP in the findings showed a marked increase, indicating an incidence of liver damage. Urea and creatinine were also high in alcohol treated groups. The liver and kidney complications were both attenuated by ASCL, as evidenced by the sharp decline in liver enzymes, urea, and creatinine.
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Obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are considered as the main causes of liver-associatedmorbidity and mortality. Antioxidant administration was proposed as a remedy for liver problems such as steatohepatitis. This systematic review aimed to examine the effects of supplementation with various forms of Vitamin E on liver enzymes.

To find relevant articles, in our systematic review article, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of Science up to 20 MAY, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of vitamin E supplementation, in isolation or combined with other nutrients, on liver health were included. After excluding irrelevant records, 21 studies remained.

According to the results of the included studies, vitamin E, especially α-Tocopherol or its co-supplementation with other antioxidants, at specific dosage could possibly have positive effects on improving liver functions and levels of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes.

Vitamin E,could possibly have positive effects on improving the liver function and the levels of ALT and AST enzymes.

 Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common type of vasculitis in children. Children with HSP often experience gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, and intussusception. These symptoms are estimated to occur in 50 - 75% of cases.

 In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations in children with HSP and identified associated predictive factors.

 For this cross-sectional study, we collected data from 295 children with HSP, aged 1 to 16, who were treated at Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2013 and 2022. We gathered the following information from hospital records: Laboratory results for ALT, AST, bilirubin, stool exam (S/E), WBC, RBC, and occult blood (OB), as well as demographic data. Clinical symptoms evaluated included fever, rash, abdominal pain, distension, tenderness, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and icterus.

 Our study included 295 children diagnosed with HSP, consisting of 46.77% females and 53.23% males. The average age was 5.3 ± 2.8 years for female patients and 6.2 ± 2.9 years for male patients. Further analysis indicated that anorexia was the most common symptom, followed by abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and bloody stool. We observed no significant differences in symptoms based on sex. Physical examination findings, including abdominal distension and tenderness, were similar across both sexes. Elevated levels of AST and ALT, as well as hyperbilirubinemia, were noted in some patients. Stool analysis revealed positive results for RBC, WBC, and occult blood in certain cases, with 21% testing positive for RBC, 24.85% for WBC, and 23.25% for occult blood. Anorexia showed a correlation with increased AST levels, while bloody stool was associated with higher ALT levels, hyperbilirubinemia, and direct hyperbilirubinemia. Logistic regression analysis confirmed a significant association between bloody stools and elevated ALT levels.

 In this study, we examined the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in children with small vessel vasculitis to identify associated predictive factors. Our findings indicated that anorexia and abdominal pain were the most common clinical manifestations, with bloody stool also being a prevalent symptom. Additionally, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of bloody stool is a significant predictive factor for elevated ALT levels.

Remdesivir is a nucleoside inhibitor of RNA polymerase with the antiviral activity used in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. One of the remdesivir side effects is hepatotoxicity. Given the growing body of data supporting silymarin's antiviral and hepatoprotective properties, the present research sought to explore the impact of silymarin on laboratory parameters, frequency of symptoms, and liver enzymes in COVID-19 patients.

In this double-blind randomized clinical trial 70 patients were divided into two groups of 35. Intervention group received remdesivir + 140 mg Silymarin, 3 times, daily for 1 week, and the control group received remdesivir + placebo. Patients' symptoms and laboratory findings were assessed at baseline and 5,7,10, and 14 days’ post enrollment.

Liver enzymes level (aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase), and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly decreased in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Among the clinical symptoms, cough (p=0.03), shortness of breath (p= 0.006), headache (p=0.01), and muscle pain (p=0.03) were significantly lower in the treatment group comparing to the control group. Moreover, the severity of disease in the intervention group was substantially lower than that among the control group.

Concomitant use of remdesivir with silymarin might reduce hepatotoxicity and ultimately improve the patients' condition. More clinical trials with different dosages and larger sample sizes are recommended.

Kleinhovia hospita leaves have traditionally been used as herbal medicine to lower the blood cholesterol levels. However, scientific data about the antihypercholesterolemic properties of this plant are still lacking. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of K. hospita leaf extract against hypercholesterolemia induced by Triton X-100 in rats.

Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups of six each. The treatment groups received K. hospita leaf extract at either 250 or 500mg/kg dosage for seven days. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC, 0.5%) was given to the placebo group. This treatment was then followed by Triton X-100 administration at 400mg/kg orally on day-8 to induce hypercholesterolemia. Normal controls did not receive Triton X-100. After 48 hours, blood samples were collected and the rats’ livers were dissected. The serum biomarkers were analyzed, including blood lipids and liver enzymes. The liver specimens were weighed to determine changes in the organ relative to the weight.

Triton X-100 significantly increased the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), but did not significantly elevate the triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), or serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels. The administration of K. hospita leaf extract for seven days as a pretreatment, followed by Triton X-100, reduced the levels of TC and SGOT at 250 or 500 mg/kg.

The K. hospita leaf extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg protected against hypercholesterolemia and high SGOT levels in rats that had been treated with Triton X-100.

Millions of health workers in operating rooms worldwide are exposed to inhaled anesthetics. However, the effects of continuous exposure to inhalational anesthetics are still controversial in many studies.

The present study investigated the effects of milk thistle, green tea, and cinnamon consumption on liver enzymes in operating room personnel.

In this study, we investigated the effects of milk thistle tea, green tea, and cinnamon tea on liver enzymes in operating room staff in a controlled, double-blind study from 2019 to 2020. In two parallel groups, 62 subjects were randomly assigned to ingest the beverages the teas. Milk thistle, green tea, and cinnamon were taken daily for four weeks. During the intervention, all participants were educated about the importance of a balanced diet and physical activity.

The milk thistle, green tea, and cinnamon groups showed a significant statistical difference in reduced levels of AST, ALT, ALP, ALB, GGT, bilirubin, and ESR after four weeks (P value < 0.001).

The results of this study demonstrated that ingesting green tea and cinnamon reduced liver enzymes in surgical personnel. Amongthe extracts, milk thistlehada greater effectonliver enzymesthan the othertwoextracts. It can be concluded that the prescribed milk thistle extract can be considered a potential intervention to improve liver enzyme levels in surgical personnel to reduce the adverse effects of anesthetics.

 The liver plays an important role in the regulation of glucose concentration and metabolism. Diabetic patients develop abnormalities in liver enzymes affecting the liver and its function. A recent study shows the association between liver enzymes and diabetes mellitus (DM) which leads to diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy if left untreated. The aim of the present study was to determine the impairment of liver enzymes in the patients with diabetic individuals compared to non-diabetic individuals.

 This is a cross-sectional study that was carried out at the Star Hospital, Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal, from June 2021 to August 2021. A total of 260 participants were included in this study, out of which, 135 were known diabetic cases and 125 were nondiabetic control. Fasting plasma glucose was analyzed with semi-automated analyzer STAT Fax 3300 by GOP-POD method and liver enzymes were analyzed by IFCC method. An Independent T-test was applied. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 16.0.

 The prevalence of elevated liver enzymes was significantly higher in diabetic individuals compared to nondiabetic ones. ALT, AST, and ALP were raised by 28.8%, 23.7%, and 48.8%, respectively among the patients with DM. significant increases in AST and ALT was observed in men compared to women, but changes in ALP level was insignificant when compared by gender. A significant elevation of AST and ALP was seen in diabetic patients compared to controls (P<0.05).

 Positive correlation was found between fasting sugar, ALT, AST, and ALP. Similarly, a positive correlation was found between HbA1C and liver enzymes (AST< ALT and ALP).

 Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of the study was to investigate between the genotype of the NFKB1 gene and the cardiometabolic risk factor in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

 This cross-sectional study was conducted on 462 adults (male and women) aged between 35 and 75 years who referred to Afshar Hospital for coronary angiography in 2021- 2022. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to detect the genotype of rs28362491. Biochemical parameters were measured using commercial kits. Gensini and Syntax scores were calculated using the angiography result to assess the extent of coronary artery stenosis. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between genotype variants and cardiometabolic risk factors.

 There was no association between variant genotypes and abnormally levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P value=0.51), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P value=0.99), triglyceride (TG) (P value=0.48), total cholesterol (P value=0.79), low density lipoprotein-cholestero (LDL-C) (P value=0.31), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (P value=0.53), fast blood sugar (FBS) (P value=0.39), systolic blood pressure (P value=0.14), diastolic blood pressure (P value=0.64), Gensini score (P value=0.48) and syntax score (P value=0.74) in the crude model even after adjustment for confounding factors.

 We found no association between the ATTG polymorphism and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients who had coronary angiography. Further investigations are needed to assess the association between variants of 28362491 and cardiometabolic markers.

According to the worldwide increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the present study aimed to investigate the mechanism effects of saffron consumption on preventing NAFLD in a rat model.

In an experimental study, 12 rats were randomly divided into 2 groups to be evaluated in the prevention phase for 7 weeks. In the prevention phase, the animals were randomly assigned to either fed HFHS + 250 mg/kg saffron (S) or fed with HFHS. Afterward, parts of the liver were excised for histopathologic examination. Plasma concentrations of ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, serum lipids, insulin concentrations, plasma glucose, hs-CRP, and TAC were measured. Moreover, Also, the gene expression of 6 target genes was evaluated, including FAS, ACC1, CPT1، PPARα ،DGAT2, and SREBP 1-c at the beginning and end of the study. Also, the differences among groups were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test for non-normal data and the independent t test for normal data.

The prevention phase groups have a significant elevation in body weight (P = 0.034) and food intake (P = 0.001) of the HFHS group versus HFHS + 250 mg/kg S group. Also, there was a significant difference between groups 1 and 2 for ALT (P = 0.011) and AST (P = 0.010), and TG (P = 0.040). The HFHS group had higher plasma levels of FBS (P = 0.001), insulin (P = 0.035), HOMA-IR (P = 0.032), and lower TAC (P = 0.041) versus the HFHS+ S group. Also, the difference between HFHS + 250 mg/kg S and HFHS for PPARα gene expression was significant (P = 0.030).

The present study showed that consumption of saffron could prevent developing NAFLD in rats at least partially through modulation in gene expression of PPARα.

 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs with the pathological accumulation of fat in the liver and is one of the most common liver disorders worldwide among adults and even children. Obesity is a risk factor for NAFLD.

 Considering the increasing prevalence of obesity in Iran and worldwide, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and its related factors in overweight and obese students of schools in Tehran, Iran.

 This cross-sectional study was performed on 115 overweight and obese students [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25] with an age range of 7 - 17 years. Eligible individuals were classified into two groups with and without NAFLD. Liver ultrasonography and measurement of serum parameters, including fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, and liver enzymes, were performed. Next, the demographic and anthropometric characteristics were compared between the two groups.

 Out of 115 studied students, 71 subjects were boys (61.7%). The results showed that the mean BMI in patients with fatty liver was significantly higher than in individuals without fatty liver (P = 0.03). According to our findings, the mean total cholesterol in NAFLD patients was significantly higher than in the group without NAFLD (P = 0.008). The univariate logistic regression model results for measuring factors related to fatty liver in students showed a significant positive correlation between male gender, BMI, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase.

 NAFLD is a substantial problem in school children and correlates with elevated BMI. Therefore, the measurement of BMI can be used as a useful predictor and screening tool for NAFLD in school children.

 Cardiovascular disease, which itself can lead to liver disorders, is known as the most common cause of death in many countries, including Iran. Elevated liver enzymes can increase mortality risk after transplantation in most heart surgeries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of elevated liver enzymes before and after transplantation on the risk of perioperative mortality in heart transplant patients.

 The information of this historical cohort study was prepared using patients’ hospital records from 2014 to 2019. The data belonged to demographic information, medical history, and laboratory data of 203 patients admitted to Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital. More than three times normal institutional ranges defined elevated liver enzymes. Also, the number of deaths within 30 days after transplantation was considered to determine perioperative mortality. The Chi-square test and regression method were used to analyze the data using SPSS software.   

 Mortality of patients with elevated liver enzymes before and on the first, second, and third days after heart transplantation was 4.08, 3.95, 3.75, and 4.89 times higher than those with normal liver enzymes, respectively. Increasing the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was associated with a significantly increased risk of death (p<0.001).

 Elevated liver enzymes before or three days after heart transplantation are significantly associated with perioperative transplant death. Optimization of liver function before transplantation can play an important role in preventing mortality.