جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "molecular characterization" در نشریات گروه "دامپزشکی"

Staphylococcus aureus is a potential emerging and prevailing multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen involved in bovine endometritis.

Present research evaluated the prevalence and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and beta-lactam resistant S. aureus (BRSA) and also analyzed the associated risk factors with endometritis along with antibiotic resistance patterns.

A total of 384 uterine and vaginal fluid samples were collected from the adult dairy cattle and buffaloes showing the clinical signs of endometritis including foul-smelling vaginal discharge, fever, enlarged and thickened uterine horns on rectal palpation, and confirmation by ultrasonography findings. The collected samples were subjected to standard microbiological methods for the detection of S. aureus. The confirmed isolates were further subjected to the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test and the detection of the mecA and blaZ genes for the confirmation of MRSA and BRSA.

Study found an overall prevalence of 17.96% for S. aureus from bovine endometritis cases. Among S. aureus isolates, 50.72% and 37.68% isolates were confirmed MRSA while BRSA was found as 36.23% and 18.84%, based on phenotypic and genotypic methods, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the possibility of pathogen transmission within and between livestock animals. Risk factor analysis showed that the breed of animal, visible discharge from vagina, lactation number, insemination procedure, and calving place showed significant (P<0.05) association with S. aureus-associated endometritis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of study isolates showed the resistance to various commonly used antibiotics.

The study concluded that S. aureus is found in 17.96% of bovines affected with endometritis and require further intensive research to elucidate the farm economic losses.

Sarcocystis spp. are one of the most common foodborne tissue cyst-forming coccidia with a public health and veterinary concern.

The existing study aimed to rectify the epidemiological profile of Sarcocystis spp. infection in the cattle carcasses as well as to explore the structure and phylogenetic features of Sarcocystis spp. isolates.

A total of 292 cattle carcasses were checked for the existence of sarcocysts using light microscopy (LM) via muscle squash (MS) and peptic digestion (PD) analysis from January 2020 to December 2020. Individual sarcocysts from different cattle tissues were selected for morphologic characterization and DNA extraction. Each sarcocyst’s 18S rDNA gene was amplified, sequenced, and analyzed.

Overall, 92.5% (270/292) of cattle tissue samples contained microscopic thin walled sarcocysts and were exclusively found in esophagus by light microscopy. A statistically insignificant relationship exists between the prevalence of infection and age groups, gender of cattle, and the seasonal dynamics (P>0.05). Sarcocysts ultrastructural features were completely discussed. Sequencing of 18S rDNA Sarcocystis gene confirmed S. cruzi (identity 99-100%), which was the first molecular identification of the current isolate in the study region.

The current survey initially provides a brief account of knowledge about the epidemiology of Sarcocystis spp. infecting cattle and it is considered a starting point for the development of health awareness and efficient preventive schemes for this zoonotic protozoan parasite.

Rodents harbour a number of parasites of public health importance, thus, they threaten human health and livestock.

The present study aimed to characterize two helminthic species found in commensal rodents and record histo-physiological alterations induced by them.

A total of 300 synanthropic rodents of three species: Rattus rattus (n=201), Bandicota bengalensis(n=90), and Mus musculus(n=09) were live trapped and necropsied in different seasons during November 2017 to October 2019 at Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

Liver of two species B. bengalensis (72.22%) and R. rattus (65.67%) were found infected with two helminthic parasites Taenia taeniaeformis, and Calodium hepaticum. These endoparasites were present either alone (4.33-6.33%) or as mixed infection (65.55%). The level of total proteins and liver marker enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were found significantly higher in the liver of rodent species infected with single and mixed infection compared to those with no infection. In histopathological assay, granulomatous liver lesions and necrosis of hepatocytes were seen which were associated with eggs and adults of C. hepaticum and inflammatory reaction in hepatic parenchyma adjoining to cysts of T. taeniaeformis. Based upon scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identification and molecular characterization using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) region, the metacestodes in whitish cysts were confirmed to be of T. taeniaeformis for the first time in Punjab, India.

The study highlights an alarmingly high infection of rodents with zoonotic parasites and suggests immediate pest (rodent) control to check the dissemination of zoonotic diseases by helminth species under study.

Nosema is a genus of microsporidia، which have significant negative impacts on honeybees. The aim of this study is the epidemiological evaluation and molecular characterization of Nosema spices in various counties of East-Azerbaijan province (Northwest of Iran). 387 samples were collected from colonies maintained in various counties of East-Azerbaijan province. Samples after preparation were examined by a light microscope for presence of Nosema spores. PCR method (SSUrRNA gene) was used to differentiate between Nosema apis (N. apis) and N. ceranae. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Total infection prevalence of the microscopic evaluation and PCR tests were 225 (58. 1%) and 260 (67. 1%) respectively، total validity of PCR test against the microscopic test was computed equal to 1. 1 in this case. Disease distribution in various counties of study area was variable and N. ceranae was the only Nosema species found to infect honeybees. The one species presence and different distribution of Nosema positive samples in various counties of East-Azerbaijan province may be due to multiple reasons. Furthermore، epidemiological information helps us to improve disease management practices in the studied area، apply new hygiene policy and reduce extra costs of production.