Investigating the crisis of energy consumption in residential-commercial buildings and presenting a new solution using phase change materials nanocomposites

In this research, phase change materials (PCMs) have been examined as innovative tools for temperature control in thermal systems. These materials, operating intelligently without the need for mechanical equipment, undergo phase transitions naturally, adapting to environmental fluctuations and thereby enhancing energy efficiency in thermal systems. The study delves into the investigation and classification of the characteristics of these materials, along with their applications in various building components such as walls, windows, bricks, artificial stones, ceilings, and floors. The obtained results from the use of these materials indicate their potential as a novel solution for optimizing energy consumption in buildings. For instance, incorporating PCMs in walls leads to a reduction in thermal energy consumption, and utilizing nano-insulation in windows decreases the need for heating and cooling systems, providing users with greater independence from these facilities. Furthermore, the effect of PCMs in stones contributes to thermal stability, and in bricks, it significantly diminishes greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, the integration of PCMs in building floors enhances thermal storage capacity. These findings underscore the practical utility of PCM as an effective solution for improving the energy efficiency of buildings.