Today, Organizations require a suitable and effective governance maturity model of their Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). This is required to assess current state and needs of their governance and then to provide a suitable framework for their governance. So far, the different SOA governance maturity models have been proposed to assess governance of SOA; however, considering the movement of organizations to process-oriented method in recent years, the governance maturity model based on SOA is needed to assess the maturity of the organization in terms of their governance processes. In this paper, we used the COBIT process maturity model to propose a new model for the SOA governance maturity. The new model can evaluate an organization's process maturity level. COBIT is one of the information technology governance models. Finally to evaluate the proposed model, we contrast our results against the results obtained from reviews of IT experts.

The main question of this article is how authority has been configured in the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran. The proposed hypothesis is that authority has a different, one of a kind and novel formation in the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran. It has a dual and linear configuration; it has recognized divine authority and Islam's regulations as the base and foundation of authority and government on one hand and along with this divine authority it has valued the foundations of republic and people's authority on the other hand and has configured it in the frameworks of Islamic regulations and has brought about divine-republic dual authority.

The investigation of the causes of the failure of the environmental policies of the state requires first cognition from the evolution of environmental statehood. Ioris (2014) by focusing on the politico-philosophical approaches shows that during the last century, three different environmental statehoods were put in place, encapsulating three characteristic interpretations and reactions to environmental problems, which were under the influence of the political theories of Hobbes, Kant and Hegel. The trend of environmental disruption and institutional reforms shows environmental statehood has the evolution of trend in Iran too. Therefore, the central question here is the evolution trend of environmental statehood of Western countries compatible with Iran's conditions? The answer to this question requires investigation of state reactions to environmental problems. In this regard, the environmental statehood model of Iran was investigated with the use of the methods of qualitative content analysis. It also focuses on the political theory of Ioris (2014). The investigation of the coercive and non-coercive policy in the environmental regulation and legislation show Legislative institutions focus on the coercive policy for environmental protection. Despite the fact that the dominance of coercion policy from in the Iran's Forests act (1942) to Soil Conservation act (2019) shows that the political ideas of Hobbes are dominant in Iran's environmental law. But, legal reforms to solve environmental and water resource problems are associated with the upholding of a specific model of environmental statehood in Iran. In fact, the most obvious features of the conventional model of environmental statehood (environmental impact assessment) and the transition period from conventional to flexible environmental statehood (sustainable development) were introduced to Iran's environmental statehood in the Sazandegi government. In addition, the results show that the state in Iran introduced more flexible approaches into the regulations of water resources without creating a prepared the ground for the transition to a more flexible environmental statehood. Such as increasing the participation of the private sector in the three levels of governance of water resources and development of legal capacity for the acceptance of market-based approaches such as the water bank into the draft of the water law. Also, introducing policy tools of the payment for ecosystem services (PES) and ecosystem services to solve the problems of water resources in watersheds. Therefore, frameworks of the flexible model of environmental statehood exist also in Iran. But, the evolution trend of environmental statehood of Iran is not according to Western countries. The environmental statehood in Iran involves the application of specific forms of market-based interaction of Hegelian state model and command-and-control approaches of conventional model of environmental statehood to the control of water resources. It should be noted that focusing on the frameworks of the features of the conventional model of environmental statehood and flexible environmental statehood cannot solve Iran's environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary that framework of local environmental statehood be designed for Iran, which focuses on the participation of local groups. By focusing on frameworks of this model can be achieved 1) reducing social inequalities on the scale of watersheds and 2) creating a balance between people's interests in the scale of small watersheds and macro policies in the scale of large watersheds.

Also, considering the increasing need of people for virtual space, the governance of the site space has become an important part of the governance of the national real space. Therefore, the existence of sovereignty in cyber space is important. Therefore, this research, which is a qualitative research, has been done with the aim of providing an ontology model of cyberspace sovereignty, so that it is the basis of a more comprehensive and complete definition of spatial explanation cyberspace sovereignty,. The domain of cyberspace sovereignty,, searching along with the theoretical foundations of cyberspace sovereignty, through up-to-date and reliable sources and documents and their analysis through thematic analysis method, important components and themes of cyberspace sovereignty, were identified. Based on the obtained components and themes, an ontology of cyberspace sovereignty was extracted. Finally, by organizing entities related to cyberspace sovereignty through the use of its ontology, a more comprehensive definition of cyberspace sovereignty has been provided. In this definition, 17 components related to cyberspace sovereignty were introduced, which constitute the core model of the cyberspace sovereignty ontology, and each of these 17 components has its own sub-components. The reviewed ontology shows the relationships and governing members of the cyberspace in detail. It can be acknowledged that the definition is one of the most complete definitions that have been presented regarding the cyberspace sovereignty.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between corporate governance dimensions and earnings management in Tehran Stock Eechange over 2002-2007. We have selected 40 companies as the research sample after applying samplying techniques and deleting some companies. The results of the mean difference test showed that discretionary accruals are lower for the firms that had good performance in the past regardless of whether the corporate governance levels were strong or weak .We also found that discretionary accruals are lower for such firms after controlling the strength of corporate governance. Furthermore, we found that firms with weak governance may not necessarily have low discretionary accruals compared to the firms with strong governance. On the whole, the results support the conclusion that it is the adequacy rather than the strength of corporate governance that is associated with discretionary accruals. Thus, the results show that the adequacy of corporcete governance has a significant correlation with earnings management.

Without doubt good governance is a new paradigm which is considered more and more in recent years. Characteristics mentioned for good governance necessitate a native model in developing countries such as Iran. By describing the concept of good governance and its major principles, this article tries to offer a model of implementation. Addressing Iranian political context, it offers an architectural approach to develop such a native model.

Shariah governance is an Islamic corporate governance system that is designed to ensure that Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) activities comply with Shariah rules. Shariah supervision is one of the most important components of the Shariah governance system that is carried out by the Shariah board. The purpose of this paper is to examine the perceptions of academicians and financial markets practitioners on Shariah governance practices in six areas, namely, general framework of Shariah governance, regulatory framework, the role of Shariah board, mechanisms of Shariah governance system, operational procedures and functions of the Shariah board. This study is a survey in which data is collected by sending questionnaires and then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of 171 collected questionnaires in 2020 indicate that the large majority of the respondents considered the Shariah governance practices in the Iranian financial markets as important and in this regard, there is no significant difference between the views of academicians and financial markets practitioners. The results also indicate that the respondents have considered different priorities for the Shariah governance practices and in their view the functions of the Shariah board, the competence of the Shariah board and the general framework of the Shariah governance are more important.

Since maintaining and establishing security in the country is one of the requirements of a country's system, therefore, the rule of law is also important to support the process of maintaining security. This study was conducted to investigate the criminal protection of the rule of law in the field of security crimes. The present research has been done by descriptive-analytical research method, which has been done with the tools and with reference to the existing laws, books, articles and dissertations of the present research. It should be added that in this study, the rule of law, perceptions of the rule of law, the position of the rule of law and the rule of law in the Islamic Republic of Iran have been studied. From this research, it can be concluded that without a doubt, every society and every judicial system has specific laws and governance that maintain the security of citizens and society in the shadow of criminal protection of these laws.Keywords: Sovereignty, Law, Criminal Protection, Constitution

The influential current of thought in political thought seeks to remove the concept of sovereignty and introduces several rulers as its replacement, so that this concept can be used instead in the field of public law. In this article, while explaining the sovereignty, the feeling of eliminating the existing shortcomings regarding the meaning of this widely used word and its necessity adds to the importance and necessity of this research more than ever. In this research, these questions are answered, whether the concept of sovereignty is declining and eliminated in the thought of modern public law? Does the sovereignty in the position of representation enjoy the independence of the political thing and explain the fundamental concept in the thought of modern public rights? However, the developments in the field of public law have made the necessity of the concept of sovereignty face new challenges, and some political researchers consider the concept of sovereignty to be unnecessary and perhaps eliminate it for the benefit of public law, and they believe that political power is a vacuum arising from It fills and compensates for the sovereignty. However, despite the aforementioned thought process, it seems that such a perception of sovereignty is caused by a lack of correct understanding of the relevant aspects of the concept of sovereignty (political and legal perception) and a misunderstanding of the term modern public law itself.