The current research has explored the schematic basis of the metaphors in the proverbs of Eastern Guilan within the framework of cognitive semantics، based on Evans and Green’s schematic model (2006). Cultures along with social identities are well reflected in the proverbs and therefore studying proverbs are of focal importance in linguistics. Studying the discursive use of proverbs in a given culture diachronically will reveal their cognitive -and sociological- function. Moreover، image schemas are dynamic patterns in cognitive semantics which are not studied thoroughly in Iranian dialects; in fact there are only few studies on the subject. The present study was designed in a descriptive- analytic manner to study mentioned concepts. Upon the analysis of data، it became apparent that the general types of image schemas provided by Evans and Green such asspace schema، containment schema، locomotion schema، force schema، unity schema، balance schema، identity schema and existence schema could be traced in the proverbs of Eastern Guilan.

Reading two of Ali Babachahi's poetry works, based on schema theory in cognitive stylistics Abstract Using schema theory in cognitive stylistic, this paper on one hand, tries firstly to point out to some of the contemporary modern poetry stylistic variations through showing deviations and schema changes in Babachahi's poetry works, and on the other hand, by reading and analysis of two of Babachahi's poetry works, proceeds to scrutinize some schema so that considering the modality of schema disruption and/or creation of new designs in Babachahi's poetry works we could reach out to some of his stylistic components. Nevertheless the aim of the paper is not only reading Babachahi's poetry work but also more importantly it's about obtaining the criteria for studying verbal poetry works which in the writer's point of view the traditional stylistic is unable to analyzing and knowing characteristics of such poetry works Key Words: 1- cognitive stylistics 2- Ali Babachahi 3- schema disruption 4- creation of schema

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy in decreasing the maladaptive schemas of women with social anxiety disorder. The research method was a single-case experimental design with multiple baselines. Five patients were selected using purpose sampling method. They attended in 20 sessions of therapy individually according to Young's schema therapy model. The instruments used in this study were tests of social anxiety and Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ: long form). The improved diagnostic method and clinical significance were used for analyzing the data. The results showed that Young's schema therapy model reduced the activity of the early maladaptive schemas significantly in all areas of schemas. The results of follow-up showed the treatment had been persistent and effective. The Young's schema therapy model can be used for the treatment of chronic mental disorders that early maladaptive schemas play a primarily role in their persistance.

The present research aims to examine the image schemata in elementary school Persian textbooks within the framework of cognitive linguistics. Image schemata are of the basic arguments in fields such as philosophy, psychology and linguistics. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the importance of image schemata as a part of language and thought is that rudimentary embodied concepts of this kind provide the conceptual building blocks for more complex concepts. This makes their study inevitable in fields such as education in general and educational materials in particular which are incorporated in language and thought The analysis is geared towards determining the basic image schemata -containment, path and force- by Johnson (1987) in elementary school Persian textbooks as one of the important materials. The method of this study is qualitative, quantitative and descriptive. The results show that despite the significant difference (p

In this study, hourly values ​​of precipitation and air temperature in Karoon 4 basin in southwestern of Iran were simulated with WRF numerical model to evaluate the accuracy of the model for flood prediction. The flood event was selected in March 2016. For global boundary conditions of the model, global data with a resolution of 0.75 were used. The WRF model was implemented using eight different configurations, including a convective schema, two planetary boundary layer schemes, two microphysical schemes, a surface layer schema, and two shortwave radiation schemes to obtain a suitable configuration for simulating temperature and precipitation. The results showed that in the simulation of hourly precipitation, the combination of MYJ boundary layer design with other micro-physics and short-ray projections yields better results than YSU schema. The best values of IOA (matching coefficient) between observed and estimated precipitation of the model was 0.77, 0.76, 0.74 and 0.52 in Shahrekord, Saman, Koohrang and Lordegan, respectively, by combining MYJ boundary layer, Lin physics and Dudhia short radiation. While in simulating hourly air temperature, the YSU boundary layer schema combination with other schema showed better performance. So that with this combination, the heighest conformity coefficient (0.47) was obtained between the estimated and observed hourly temperature. The estimated rainfall adjusted by MYJ boundary layer configuration, Lin physics, GODDARD short radiation and MYJLG has performed better prediction for peak dischage than the other schemas, so that the lowest Nash coefficient and RMSE were -0.293 and 37 respectively, with this combination. Therefore, the combination of MYJ boundary layer schema, Lin cloud microphysics schema, and GODDARD radiation schema appear to be the best for estimation of precipitation and temperature and consequently for prediction of the March 2016 flood in the Karun 4 basin.

The purpose of this study was to compare early maladaptive and appearance schemas in obse and and normal-weight subjects. The method of the study was causal- comparative and groups were included 30 obese (BMI≥35) and 30 normal-weight adults (BMI<25). All participants completed Young Schema Questionnaire–Short Version (YSQ-S) and appearance schema Inventory (ASI) questionnaire. Obse subjects showed significantly higher scores in compare to control group in self-sacrifice and emotional inhibition schemas. In addition, severity of appearance schemas in body- image vulnerability and self- investment subscales were significantly greater in obese subjects than in control group. The results of this study suggest that some early maladaptive and appearance schemas are associated with obesity and therefore, theoretical conceptualizations and psychological interventions should address the above thesis constructs.

The present study aims to investigate the nominal and the predicative possession schemas in Persian with a cognitive approach. Schemas are abstractions from which the grammatical constructions develop. To this end, Heine's (1997) cognitive approach to the study of the Possession Schemas is considered as the theoretical framework by the authors. The results of the study show that the Action, the Location, the Companion, the Goal and the Source Schemas are used in Persian to encode the predicative possession. Moreover, the Location, the Companion, the Additive, the Genitive, the Source, the Linking and the Topic Schemas encode the nominal possession in Persian. A unique feature of Persian, which is not documented in Heine's cognitive approach, is the use of the Linking Schema to encode the nominal possession. This issue is introduced in this research for the first time. Furthermore, Persian uses the Source Schema to express the predicative possession.

The aim of this research is to explore the common metaphors in the Turkish Qashqai Dialect within the frame work of Cognitive Semantics and based on Evans and Green Schematic Model (2006), in order to express conceptualization of the speakers of various experience during their lives. Proverbs are indicator of though, culture, identity, taste and talent of speakers of language, therefore their preservation, study and investigation in the language studies are of high importance. On the other hand, Image Schemas, provide a link between physical experience and more complex cognitive domains as language. Given that, to the best of our knowledge no research has been done about the function of Image Schema in Turkish Qashqai proverbs, this type of researche is necessary. The present study was done through descriptive–inductive method, and the data were collected based on field study and empirical research. The result of this study showed that the overall schema types specified in Green and Evans Model (2006), including: Space, Containment, Locomotion, Force, Balance,Identity, and Existence, were traced in proverb of Turkish Qashqai Dialect and the most frequently used image schema was Containment and after that Locomotion image schema and the least frequently used was Balance image schema.

The present paper explored schematic structures in Hafez poetry from a cognitive viewpoint. Using a descriptive – analytical method, it first reviewed philosophical approaches by Islamic thinkers, semanticists and cognitive semanticists and then analyzed the poetry of Hafez from a cognitive viewpoint and extracted the new schemata. A major result of the study was that the schemata used in Hafez poetry move beyond John Saeed’s typology of "path", "force", and "containment" schemata, to other types, such as schemata referring to body organs, nature, color, time, clothing, and place.

Cognitive semantics is one of the main theories in semantics. One of the conceptual processes concerned by Scholars of cognitive semantics is imaginary schematic. The schemes are the primary levels of cognitive construction of the base of metaphor that allow us to link our physical experiences with more complex cognitive domains. Evans and Green (cognitive linguists) introduce conceptual schemas as a set of “visualization and conceptual structure”. In all religions, the concept of piety (taqwā) is one of the abstract concepts. Understanding “piety” is beyond our direct experience. Imam Ali (AS) in Nahj al-Balaghah used imaginary schemas to introduce piety and its consequences and, through degrading the spirituality to the realms of the senses, placed this spiritual concept to the level of understanding of all, especially Arabs of the Early Islam. The aim of this research is to study the representation of schematics of “piety” in Nahj al-Balaghe’s sermons based on the “Evans and Green”’s Schemes model in the framework of cognitive semantics, through a descriptive-analytical method. It seems that there are schematics of force, movement, density, unity, space, balance, consistency and existence (of object) in the textual context of hadiths. The power plan seems to be a blueprint of people’s experience, culture, and system of life and it is possible to justify two plans of homogeneity and existence with the subjective tendency to simulate what is around them. Various concepts have also contributed to the formation of piety schemes, including the body, the animal, the plant, the edible, the objects, the place, the natural elements, the four elements….