The Holy Qur’an has a single source and there is no difference between its verses. Therefore, some Surahs of the Holy Qur’an may be put together to get a better understanding of them. And based on the method of verbal and spiritual analogies, one Surah should be placed at the center and the its connection with other Surahs of the Holy Qur’an would be discovered. “The network connection of the Surahs of the Qur’an” is a new term that speaks of the structural and content relation between Surahs. The methods of network connections between the Surahs of the Holy Qur’an can be summarized in the thematic congruence between adjacent Surahs, congruence between a set of Surahs, congruence between the beginning of a Surah and the end of the previous one, congruence between two consecutive Surahs at the beginning or end, rhyme, common purpose, and common theme. This research analyzes the network connections of Surah al-Inshiqāq with its adjacent Surahs (Al-Infitār, Mutaffifīn, Burūj, Tāriq) with a descriptive analytical method in two aspects of structural and content congruence. In conclusion, this Surah has structural and literary connections, including the congruence of the beginning, rhyme, analogy, and literary imagery, which all are in one structural group. The research also shows that this Surah has content connections including the Unity of God, mentioning the events of the Day of Judgment, grouping of people in the Day of Judgment, and common purpose.

Hardware-in-the-loop simulation is an effective approach for testing the electronic controller of a closed-loop control system within a computer-based real-time simulation of the rest of the system. In this paper, the pitch attitude hold mode controller of an aircraft vehicle is tested using hardware-in-the-loop simulation. A computer is used for real-time simulation of flight, and an electronic board is employed for controller implementation. The controller and the simulator are connected using a network protocol. The hardware-in-the-loop simulation can achieve unstable behavior or inaccurate results due to the time-delay of network connection. The maximum allowable delay bound in networked connection is derived using the method of delayed differential equations. The sufficient conditions for the stability of linear time-delay systems are given. The proof makes use of Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and the condition is expressed in term of linear matrix inequalities. Therefore, a polynomial-based predictor is designed for the time-delay compensation of network connection. The consistency of the experimental real-time simulation and off-line simulation shows the applicability of the presented method for mitigating the effect of time-delay in the networked hardware-in-the-loop simulation. Also, the uncertainty of the model due to stability and control derivatives are considered for analyzing the stability of the networked hardware-in-the-loop simulation.

Smart cities are realized through complex processes in which actors and decision-makers make policy and implement it. Meanwhile, harmony is another goal for smart cities, as is creating balance and harmony within their complexities. To identify and analyze the smart city actors in Tehran and to assess their effectiveness, one of the methods of conducting this study was to apply actor-network theory to the smart city in Tehran to develop a normative framework for the realization of harmony. A mixed methodology has also been utilized in this research, in addition to the theoretical framework of the actor-network serving as a conceptual framework for analyzing the social relations and interactions among activists in the smart city in Tehran, which provides the framework for identifying the network's complexity. The first step, using questionnaires and interviews, was to identify the main actors, their goals and importance, and their connections with other actors in the network. Then, ucinet6 software was used to explore the correlation indicators of the actor-network in Tehran. In this regard, measuring indicators and criteria of actor-network connection, including Betweenness Centrality, Centrality Degree, Closeness Centrality, and Proximity Prestige, have been used to determine the effectiveness and importance of each of the actors. In addition, the translation of actor-network theory has been applied to the analysis of constant transformation to show changes resulting from present and past social and material conditions. Therefore, the paper enables urban planners and designers to propose solutions to the transformation of smart cities based on understanding reality as a set of network connections. Finally, by providing a model of effective solutions in the realization of the Harmonious smart city in Tehran, the position of each of these actors can be stabilized, promoted, or redefined by identifying three levels of actors based on their level of influence

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a chronic brain disorder characterized by diverse cognitive dysfunctions due to abnormal brain connectivity. Evaluating these connectivity alterations between and within such networks (intra- and inter-connectivity) may improve the understanding of disrupted information processing patterns in SZ patients. 

Resting-state fMRI analysis was performed on 24 SZ patients and 27 matched healthy controls. A functional connectivity matrix was constructed for each participant based on 129 gray matter regions. All regions were classified into eight distinct functional networks. Afterward, all functional connections were segregated into inter- and intra-network connections considering the eight networks. The Mean values of connectivity weights and nodal strength were examined for within- and between-network connections in SZ patients and healthy controls. 

This analysis revealed that the within-network connections in the somatomotor  (SM) network significantly reduced (P<0.001) in SZ patients. Additionally, intra-network connections within the visual and the ventral attention (VA) networks were significantly lower (P<0.01) in the SZ group. Moreover, disrupted intra-network connectivity was detected between the following network pairs: The visual-limbic, the somatomotor-limbic, the dorsal attention-limbic, and the ventral attention-dorsal attention system. 

The results showed an extensive reduction in functional connectivity strength for SZ patients, with a particularly significant decrease in intra-network connections when compared to the inter-networks. These findings can impact the understanding of the important dysregulated connections that are implicated in the incidence of schizophrenia.

Housing price shocks of one region may spread to the housing market of neighboring regions or geographical areas bounded by political border and lead to the formation of price shocks in shock-receiving areas. The housing policies may not be effective when implemented regionally and separately if there is a confirmed network connection between the housing markets of regions. Price shocks to a housing market spreads with a delayto interconnected housing markets, ultimately resulting in the diffusion of the price shock across the entire of the housing network. This researchaims to investigate the housing network between selected cities (centers of the country's provinces) using the VAR model and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD). The results of this research confirm the existence of a network connection between the housing markets of the country's provinces, and unlike previous studies, the results show that it is not only the city of Tehran that spreads price shocks to other regions, but also cities such as Karaj, Shiraz, and Arak spread price shocks to other cities. In addition, the results suggest that the recent price jump, since 2019 has significantly increased the density of the housing network in the country. Based on this, price shocks are expected to be distributed more quickly throughout the country.

The concept of institutional cooperation and coordination as one of the key elements to participatory resource management has always been emphasized. This study aims to determine the structural pattern of institutional relations of 28 organizations associated with the implementation of participatory management of agricultural water resources in Rasht county . For this purpose, the method of social network analysis with indicators of size, density, centrality of the whole network, the reciprocity, the transitivity and the shortest distance between two actors at the macro level has been used. The results based on determined indices show that from the number of 756 possible links that could be formed in this network, only 227 cases (about a third) occurred. The network density of information exchange and cooperation among the surveyed organizations is 30%, according to the density and centralization of the measured values, it can be concluded that the institutional cohesion among governmental and nongovernmental studied organizations is weak. Accordingly, strengthen the institutional coherence by studing the role of individual actors in the network can be recommended. On the other hand, network connections reciprocity is 23.37 %,which represents the network centralization and the need to strengthen the two-way flow of information and interaction between these organizations .