مجله پویش در آموزش علوم پایه
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 3، تابستان 1395)

Pakhvrhgndm disease caused by the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is one of the most important wheat diseases Darrud. The biological control of this disease in different parts of the province 130 strains were isolated from wheat rhizosphere fluorescent. To the strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens with the ability to inhibit the growth of fungi, bacteria and fungi Ggt dual culture test on potato dextrose agar and King are performed. Of these, 21 strains capable of deterrence between 11 / 25-51 / 25% of isolates were superior in terms of prevention of fungal growth Ggt. Gene for antibiotic biosynthesis Fnazyn-1-Krbvksylykasyd (PCA), was performed by PCR using primers PCA2a and PCA3b. The results showed that 12 strains of antibiotic biosynthesis gene selected from 21 isolates had PCA. Production of qualitative methods to assess the antibiotic sediment dark green or crystal medium was used. Sown the antibiotic-producing strains Fnazyn-1-Krbvksylykasyd, more capable than others of disease control had Pakhvrhgndm the disease was 77-80%. By using these isolates significant increase in fresh weight of roots and aerial parts of the plants was observed. The results of this study suggests that antibiotic produced by strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens Fnazyn-1-Krbvksylykasyd, wheat take-all play role in reducing illness.

This study aimed to investigate the chemistry final exam questions of high schools of City of Boukan during the 1391-1392 academic years, and also university entrance examination questions according to Bloom's cognitive levels and finding the answer of this question that which one of the Bloom's cognitive levels have been used. In total, 1248 questions analyzed including 969 chemistry final exam questions of high schools and 279 university entrance examination questions. Descriptive and illative statistics were used for data analysis. The questions were categorized according to Bloom’s Taxonomy and chi-square test was employed for analysis of hypotheses and their comparison. According to the research findings, 31.5 % of the high school questions were belong to knowledge level and 68.5 % were belong to comprehension level. Analysis of inner school, coordinated and final exam questions showed that much attention has been paid to the knowledge level in all exams without considering the higher levels of learning. However, in contrast to inner exams, the university entrance examination questions has better quality. Final obtained result showed that almost final exams and coordinated have better quality than inner exams based on test development principles.

Subatomic particles in an atom are the smallest sector known that generally are divided as either fermions or producer material and bosons or force-carrying particles. Also, in Other Categories can be classified subatomic particles into two categories as hybrid and elementary particles. It can be stated as fermionic particles, mesons (Preventing the decay of atomic nuclei) and as bosonic particles, well know particles protons and neutrons. Photons are an example of elementary particlesmodel of elementary particles that are in the right place bosonsy. Also, quarks as another example of elementary particles are producer particles of fermions. In fact, neutrons and protons as fermionic particles are made from three quarks that they are connected together by elementary particles called gluons. Quark diameter was very low and they occupy a small volume of the nucleous. It should be noted that four fundamental forces govern between fermionic particles that are the electromagnetic force, the strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force and gravity. All these forces are created by exchanging and interacting of force carrying particles.

Textbooks in the education system is considered one of the most important elements in achieving the goals of the education system have a major role. In this paper, the text content, images and fourth grade science book activities in the academic year 1395 on the basis of active and inactive content of the book by William Roman techniques have been studied, and the method used in this research is content analysis. The study sample, fourth grade science book in the academic year 1395. The results showed that the coefficient of 55/0 text that shows conflicts in fourth grade science text book is written in an active way. 75/1 determining factor was the involvement images that showed pictures of the books, students are not engaged in learning. The book also analyzes the activity-based index, which shows the determination of the coefficient of 33/6 conflicts in fourth grade science book, not based activities.

this article is drawn from library research and experimental that based on practical guide 4 training course program of Farhangian university.The aim of this study was to introduce scientific instruments, standards and very helpful in teaching physics that based on the design of learning and teaching in two semesters(94-95) and 12 sessions in almost 7 high schools in the first and second periods in Shiraz, teaching is conducted in this way.The results of our projects to the students in the classroom will be followed the fosters creating and their participantion in teamwork, logically and purposefully regulate the activities of class intellectual discipline and time management and organization of the teaching process.As well as for novice and less experienced physics teacher can be very helpful and will be useful in introduction of new horizons for teachers with experience in teaching physics and to more practical physics training in life.

The educational system has tended towards the education of learners who are creative, critic, researcher, independent and active. In this kind of education which is known as Constructivist model, teachers are not considered as transmitter of Information and the learners are not as empty containers in a one-sided education. But in this way education is student-centered so that learners build and discover their own knowledge themselves, in the process of active and collaborative learning, in addition teachers are guidance of this mutual training. so student's learning will be deep and stable which is not mnemonic. In this paper we tried to explain the steps of Constructivist teaching model (5E), and as well tried to mention the examples of the author's personal experience in teaching of independent events and the laws of probability of science third math book.this study is written based on the experiences of teaching mathematics with Constructivist model in the classroom.