نشریه مطالعات دفاعی استراتژیک
پیاپی 98 (زمستان 1403)

During the recent years, changes in the economic, social and cultural fields, improving the health of society, decreasing fertility, followed by decreasing population growth and increasing life expectancy have led to significant changes in the country's population structure. The aforementioned macro trends, along with the driving factors, have had consequences for the population of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The purpose of this research is to determine the consequences of environmental macrotrends on changes in the age structure of the population of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the horizon of 1410 And therefore, the main issue of this research will be based on the purpose of the research, based on what this issue is. This research is a developmental-applied research and in terms of descriptive-analytical research method, which is collected by the library and field information collection methods, and after obtaining the opinion of the statistical community (42 people) about the data analysis using the statistical quantitative methods of the tables The frequency distribution and inferential analysis of the sample t-test statistical test and the average rank of the data have been carried out and then the conclusions have been drawn. The findings of the research show that 13 consequences affected by the four macro-environmental trends of individual changes, economic changes, cultural changes and social changes will affect the age structure of the country's population in the horizon of 1410

Human societies have emerged based on common needs and the conflict of interests has made the occurrence of war among them inevitable; Therefore, military preparation is considered as one of the necessities of social life and its most accepted goal is to protect the material and spiritual interests of individuals and society. The purpose of continuous military preparation is to prevent known and unknown enemies from encroaching on the material and spiritual privacy of the country. Therefore, the following article tries to answer the main question, what are the principles of military preparation and what effect does it have on the performance of the armed forces? This research is of applied type, analytical descriptive research method and qualitative research approach. The collection of information has been done by two methods, field and library, and the expert community of this research for the interview includes 10 experts related to the subject. The findings of the research show that the principles of military preparedness include: "the principle of scope of operations, the principle of regional characteristics, the principle of quantitative self-sufficiency, the principle of qualitative superiority, the principle of complementarity of standing forces and popular forces and precaution, the principle of compatibility, the principle of institutions, the principle of foresight, The principle of resource adequacy, the principle of morale and spirituality, the principle of command and leadership, the principle of national unity and cohesion in war, the principle of creativity and innovation, the principle of flexibility, the principle of seriousness and certainty of threats and the principle of intelligence elites", on the desirable quality of the armed forces. They are effective in the battle scene.

The Islamic civilization has experienced various ups and downs throughout history. The Islamic Revolution marks a turning point in the revival and reformation of Islamic civilization, which has been one of the fundamental ideals of the revolution. In recent years, the Supreme Leader has referred to it as the "New Islamic Civilization" and has outlined its formation in five stages: the Islamic Revolution, Islamic System, Islamic Government, Islamic Society, and the New Islamic Civilization.The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between the culture and thinking of the Basij (volunteer force) and the software dimension of the New Islamic Civilization. The study is applied-developmental in nature, and its methodology is descriptive-analytical with a mixed approach. Data collection was done through fieldwork and library research, using tools such as note-taking, interviews, and questionnaires. The research sample consisted of 53 experts from these fields, selected purposively, and 17 individuals were interviewed. Qualitative data were analyzed using MAXQDA software, while structural equation modeling for quantitative data was conducted using Smart PLS software.The time frame of the study ranged from 2019 to 2023 for data collection, and the research results are intended to be applied until the sustainability of the research findings. The geographical scope of the research is the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the thematic focus is on the culture and thinking of the Basij and the New Islamic Civilization.The results of the study show that the culture and thinking of the Basij have a significant relationship with the software dimension, with a t-value of 9.267, a path coefficient of 0.571, and a significance level of 0.000. Therefore, with 95% confidence, it can be stated that the culture and thinking of the Basij have a significant positive indirect impact on the software dimension

Land planning focuses on creating a logical relationship between population distribution and activities within a geographical area, identifying regional capabilities and resources to balance this relationship. In the context of all-round defense, it examines the features of community space to ensure an optimal distribution of the population and support cultural, social, political, and other activities. This research aims to explore the role of territorial planning in political defense, with a particular emphasis on population dynamics in both national and transnational contexts.The study is applied-developmental, using a descriptive method and qualitative approach. It involves document analysis and expert interviews, including an elite focus group. The research evaluates political defense factors, considering both the quality and quantity of demographic aspects in national and transnational environments. It identifies 22 factors in the national environment and 12 in the transnational environment.The results indicate that paying attention to the strategic distribution of the population and effectively utilizing regional biological and geographical capacities can strengthen political defense and enhance national capabilities. The research highlights the importance of territorial planning in promoting security and defense strategies on a national scale.

Strategic policy-making refers to mechanisms that lead to solving the mystery of security and realizing national goals and interests in a complex, chaotic and ambiguous international world. Understanding and developing strategic policies requires a detailed and comprehensive understanding of the internal and external environment. Among the fundamental environmental factors that have a passing influence on strategic policy making are political trends and events, the correct knowledge of which helps the effectiveness of strategic decision making. This research seeks to answer the question of what threats affect the strategic policy-making area of ​​J.A. Iran due to political trends and events. Therefore, it has been tried qualitatively and with a pathological view and an analytical and forward-looking approach in the form of trend analysis model and SWOT matrix analysis, to identify political trends and events that threaten strategic policy making and strategies must be provided. In this regard, library study and field method have been used in data collection. The findings of the research show that due to some trends and internal political damage and external threats, the strategic policy area of ​​Iran is facing political, military and security threats, which if Failure to pay attention to them can lead to the ineffectiveness of strategic policies. The transition from these threats requires a policy based on the distribution and exercise of power in order to fulfill the demands, demands and rights of the people, and in the international arena, it requires strengthening and maximizing it and creating a balance of power at the regional and international levels.

Future warfare systems, which will serve as the offensive arm of armies in the coming decades, are networks composed of manned and unmanned systems interconnected through a digital communication network. These systems will be responsible for gathering intelligence and carrying out a significant portion of warfare. With the changing nature of wars, advanced armies have been fundamentally restructuring their combat organizations for more than three decades, exploiting new technologies, particularly unmanned systems such as drones, to perform many tasks and accomplish their missions. It is evident that naval battlefields cannot and should not ignore the importance of having a well-established model for the use of these systems.Thus, the aim of this research is to design a model for employing remote-controlled systems on the naval battlefield. This research, in terms of its objective, is applied developmental research and, in terms of method, is exploratory. The overall statistical population of the research is estimated at 70 individuals using a checklist, meaning the sample size corresponds to the entire statistical population.By identifying the dimensions, components, and items for employing remote-controlled systems on the naval battlefield through exploratory studies, continuous and thoughtful analysis of the theoretical foundations and literature, interviews with experts, and evaluating them based on five criteria (validity, reliability, objectivity, sensitivity, and generalizability), and combining and refining the influential factors, a model for the employment of remote-controlled systems in naval operations has been developed

he present study aims to analyze the shortcomings of compulsory military service from the perspective of human resource functions and to propose corrective strategies. The statistical population of this research includes experts and professional staff in charge of conscription affairs (selected through non-random sampling) and conscripted personnel (selected through stratified random sampling). This descriptive-applied research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach (qualitative-quantitative).In the first phase, through content analysis, the ideal model of military service focusing on human resource functions was identified across five domains: recruitment and induction, training and development, retention, utilization, and discharge. These were categorized into 30 main components and 74 sub-components. Subsequently, a questionnaire derived from the research model was validated by experts and distributed among the statistical sample to assess the current status and identify deficiencies.Analysis of the collected questionnaires, complemented by David's strategic model approach, revealed weaknesses in all human resource functional areas and threats in external factors. Based on these weaknesses and threats, corrective strategies were revised in expert panels, resulting in five major strategies. These strategies were ranked using a quantitative strategic planning matrix (QSPM) completed by experts.The findings indicated that the "utilization" strategy was ranked as the top priority, followed by "training and development" in second place, "discharge" in third place, "retention" in fourth place, and "recruitment and induction" in fifth place.

The governance experience of the Islamic Republic of Iran in foreign policy refers to the influence and interaction of this political system with other countries in international affairs. This includes policies, decisions, and actions taken by Iran in its relations with other countries and international organizations, covering diplomatic relations, international negotiations, agreements, sanctions, and influence on regional policies.The main goal of this research, titled Governance Experiences of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Foreign Policy, is to present a new model of foreign policy governance based on experiences from the establishment of the Islamic Republic. The primary research question focuses on examining the ideal governance model in foreign policy with Western powers, especially the United States.The methodology used is content analysis. The findings suggest a model consisting of three levels:a) Fundamentals: The power of God, divine principles, national interests, reinterpreting principles, finding common grounds for cooperation, and supportive defense-military power.b) Strategies: Anti-hegemony convergence, combining soft and hard power, and unity in foreign policy leadership.c) Outcomes: Weakening Western hegemony, strengthening resistance networks, enhancing the defensive-diplomatic axis, and maintaining consistent policies.In conclusion, the research shows that the ideal governance model in foreign policy with Western countries includes specific fundamentals, strategies, and outcomes that can help achieve Iran's objectives.