ربابه معماریان

Today, one of the most common health problems in the world is iron deficiency anemia. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of the family-centered care program on fatigue and depression of teenage girls suffering from iron deficiency anemia. Family-centered care is a method which is controlled through mutually beneficial partnerships between caregivers, patients, and families. Family-centered care is systematically organized in such a way that the dynamics and complexities of different aspects of individuals and families are taken into consideration.

This was a quasi-experimental and practical study conducted in 2020 in which 70 adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia studying in high school in Mahmudabad were selected through purposive and convenience sampling. The research tools were the stem fatigue and Beck depression questionnaire. After collecting the information obtained from the pre-intervention stage, the family care program for adolescent girls was conducted in the test group, and the secondary test was performed 3 months after the intervention. In the control group, the questionnaires were evaluated at the beginning, and then 3 months after the training- held in 6 sessions- and the data of the two groups were analyzed using paired t-test and dependent t-test.

The comparison of the total score of fatigue and depression for adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia before and after the intervention in the test group showed a significant difference regarding decreasing scores (P<0.001); however, there was no significant difference in the control group (P> 0.05). Furthermore, the comparison of the total fatigue scores of adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia before and after the intervention in the experimental group showed a significant difference in reducing scores (P < 0.001), but in the control group, there was no significant difference (P = 0.182).The comparison of total depression scores of adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia before and after the intervention in the test group showed a significant difference in reducing scores (P < 0.001), but in the control group, no significant difference was observed (P=0.667).

The results showed that the rate of fatigue and depression in adolescent girls with iron deficiency anemia who receive the family-centered care program has decreased compared to the control group.

Postoperative nursing care is critical in open heart surgery patients and can be effective in patient satisfaction. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have a codified nursing care management program in the intensive care unit (ICU) after open heart surgery.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of the designed nursing care management program on patients' satisfaction in open heart surgery ICU.

In this study, 53 patients were randomly assigned to two groups: control and experimental. In the experimental group, nursing care was designed as managed and performed for two and a half months. In the control group, nursing care was performed routinely after open heart surgery. To collect information, a patient satisfaction questionnaire was used before and after the intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using descriptive and inferential statistics of analysis of variance, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square.

In the experimental group, the majority of patients were satisfied with all aspects of care, while in the control group, most patients had low levels of satisfaction. Satisfaction scores were obtained at 180.07±13.02 and 117.60±11.54 in experimental and control groups, respectively, demonstrating a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).

The nursing care management program led to an increase in the satisfaction of patients admitted to open heart surgery ICU. It is suggested that the training of the above program be included in in-service training courses for nurses.

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of applying FOCUSPDCA strategic program of the pre-operative care process on hemodynamic status of caesarean women.

this is a quasi-experimental study conducted in 2016, in one of  Dorud-Iran hospitals. Samples were selected using objective-based random method. Samples (n=70) were divided into the test and control groups. Data collection instruments was pressure gauge and a watch. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was assessed and confirmed. At first, hemodynamic parameters including pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured in control group three times: the night before surgery, the moment of entering the operation room, and after surgery in recovery room. After sampling in control group, the FOCUSPDCA strategic program was implemented. The program consisted of nine steps. They were implemented one after another. Then, the test group was selected and the memberschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) hemodynamic parameters were measured. The SPSS-17 was used for data analysis.

The mean systolic blood pressures were 113.17 and 91.14 before and after operation in control group, respectively; while they were 115.14 and 107.71 in the test group. Moreover, the mean diastolic pressures were 69.43 and 59.43 before and after operation in the control group, respectively, while they were 65.43 and 62.14 in the test group. The variance analysis test revealed a meaningful statistical difference between the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures among the two groups. The control group experiences drop in blood pressure, while the test group faces no considerable drop in blood pressure. The average of heart rates in the control group were 13.91 and 104.71 before and after operation; while they were 80.26 and 79.1 in the test group. The variance analysis test revealed a significant statistical difference between the two groupschr(chr('39')39chr('39')) heart rate (p<0.001). Heart rate reduced in test group.

According to the result of the study hemodynamic situatin has been improve in the test group. Therfore, it is suggested that the program to be implement .in order to improve the health care process in the hospital.

Postoperative nursing care is very important in open heart surgery patients and is affective on hemodynamic status of these patients. The main problem is the lack t to investigate the effect of nursing care management program on hemodynamic of patients in the cardiac intensive care unit.

This quasi-experimental study (2016) had two groups of control and experimental. Patients in the control group were cared for according to routine postoperative care. Information in the control group was collected and recorded using a hemodynamic evaluation checklist. In the experimental group, nursing care program based on patientschr('39') needs according to the principles of patient care management, after Cardiac surgery was designed and performed for 2.5 months. A total of 53 patients in each group were selected according to the sample characteristics including successful heart surgery and age of 20-75 years and stabilization of relative hemodynamic status. Then, the hemodynamic status of patients was measured using a hemodynamic status assessment checklist in both control and experimental groups. For data analysis, SPSS22 software and repeated measures analysis of variance, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square was used.

The patients in the control and experimental groups were selected in terms of age, sex and type of surgery in terms of demographic variables and there was no significant difference based on statistical tests and had the same study conditions (p>0.05). There was a significant difference after intervention between hemodynamic variables (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse, respiration rate and arterial oxygen saturation) in the control group compared to the experimental group (p <0.001).

Nursing care management program in the intensive care unit of cardiac surgery had an effect on the hemodynamic status of patients after heart surgery. This program is recommended to nursing managers to be introduced in the in-service training program for nurses.

 In the geriatric care provided in health centers, the healthy elderly are neglected. This qualitative study aims to improve the quality of geriatric care for the healthy elderly.

This community-based participatory study was conducted from 2016 to 2018 with the participation of 11 healthcare providers, 54 older people and 54 family members in Shahid Motahari Comprehensive Health Center in Mashhad, Iran. The mean age of healthcare providers was 32.4±2.7 years with a work experience 8.3 years. The mean age of the elderly was 64.3±3.9 years. Data were collected using the SERVQUAL questionnaire and interviews, focus group discussions, and field note taking. After identifying the problems through interviews with 8 personnel and 19 older people, group discussion sessions were held to design the change programs. After implementing the change programs, 30 interviews were conducted with the participants and comparisons were made before and after the programs. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the qualitative data, and descriptive statistics and paired t-test were used to analyze the quantitative data.

 The mean total score of service quality according to the elderly and their families in the pre-intervention stage was 63.02±9.46 and 61.83±9.05, respectively. These values reached 130.09±14.75 and 122.65±13.56 in the post-intervention stage, and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). The presented dynamic care model was able to improve geriatric care for the healthy elderly in the comprehensive health center by modifying the attitude, skills and empowerment of staff.

 The dynamic care model can improve the quality of geriatric services for the healthy elderly with features such as active, participatory, continuous, comprehensive and supportive care. It can be used in other health centers.

Objective (s):

 The association between self-esteem and the process of mental development of individuals and mental health is well established. In adolescence, the role of parents and their skills in communicating is very sensitive and vital. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of parentschr('39') communication skills training on the self-esteem of adolescent female students.

This was a quasi-experimental study that conducted in one of the state high schools in Damavand, Iran in 2019. The sample consisted of 77 adolescent girls and their parents who were assigned to two groups: intervention and control. Parents in the intervention group received 16 training sessions in a group pf 10 participants. The control group received nothing. In both groups students completed a self-esteem questionnaire (Cooper-Smith questionnaire) at two points in time: before intervention and three months after the intervention. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and analysis of covariance using SPSS22 software.

Both groups were similar in most characteristics and at baseline self-esteem score did not differ significantly between two groups (p=0.49). However, after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups according to analysis of covariance (p=0.001).

Conclusion :

The findings suggest parentschr('39') communication skills training could be effective in improving adolescents’ self-esteem.

Aging, body breakdown and physiological function decline were resulted in massive physiological changes in tissues, organs and their function, which can affect the daily living activities and the physical independence of in elderly. One of the chronic diseases of the elderly is hypertension. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to the effect of activity and spiritual health based self-care program on hypertension among the Kahrizak elderly people in the Alborz province. The present study is a quasi-experimental research that is conducted in Karaj in 2017. The data collection was done using a barometer that is calibered. The blood pressure was controlled by researcher. Also, daily living-related questionnaire and spiritual well-being questionnaire were completed. Ninty elderly were selected through non-randomly and available sampling method from Kahrizak elderly residence center in the Alborz province. The control group used routine center programs. For the test group, the program included activity of daily living and walking three times a week for 20 minutes were designed and implemented. For the self-care program group, a spiritual program (including the prayers of the verse Ayat-Alkorsi and Salavat) was designed and implemented, in addition to the program of the test group. Then, SPSS 16 software were used for data analysis. According to the Chi-square test, the elderly did not show significant differences concerning age, sex, and disease duration (p> 0.05). Based on Kruskal-Wallis test, the mean blood pressures in three groups the control, was significantly different (p <0.05). The Mann-Whitney test revealed no significant difference between the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures between the two groups of test and self-care group (p> 0.05). The results show that the application of activity and spiritual health based self care program is efficient on the elderly affected by hypertension. It is suggested that self-care Model with a focus on activity and spiritual health usage, to be considered for other diseases.

Today, there is great difference between the population aging of cities and villages in most societies. Villages have more aged population. As the age increases, the life satisfaction decreases slowly. Physical activities are one of the factors that influence on improving life satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to address the effect of promoting physical activity on the life satisfaction in rural elderly.
Material and

This quasi-experimental study was done in 2017. in this paper 64 rural elderly in Chalab and Changuleh villages in Ilam province were selected by non-randomized method and divided to case (n = 32) and control (n = 30) groups. Data collection tools were demographic information and LSI-Z life satisfaction questionnaires. The validity and reliability of questionnaire were measured. The promotion of physical activity program was carried out in four stages including assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation. Data were collected before intervention and 3 months later and then analyzed by SPSS 16 software.

Before intervention, there were no significant differences between case and control groups in terms of demographic characteristics (according to chi-square test results). In the case group, the results of paired t-test showed a significant difference (p 0.05) between the average of elderly’s life satisfaction before intervention (15.33) and after it (14.91).

Life satisfaction of elderlies who did the physical activity program (case group) has been increased than others who didn’t perform the physical activity program (control group). It is suggested that the native designed physical activity promotion program are used to improve the elderly’s life satisfaction in different regions of country.

Studies did not confirm the effect of continuing education on nurses’ performances change. One of the managerial approach in this issues review again this process carefully. This study was done to determine the effect of applying “The Participative Continuing Education Based on Competency Model” on quality of ICU in the open heart surgery. This was a quasi-experimental study and nurses who were employed through open heart surgery of adult in the Shahid Rajaii hospital in (2016) participated. They were selected by non-randomized method in case (all the numbers) and correspondence controlled group by using of propensity score (using SMD index, this entry confirmed: SMD˂0.15). Data collection tools inclue; the observational checklist of performance, nursing note and ICU charting sheet. It`s validity and reliability was evaluated with content validity and inter-rater reliability (r= 0.85). The designed plan by “The Participative Continuing Education Based on Competency Model” including nine steps: formed the core of education, preparing the environment, preparation resources, capacity building training education administrators, participatory training needs assessment, instructional design, implementation, educational supervision, giving feedback and final evaluation which it plans implemented for 9 months. Checklists before and after in two groups were completed by co-researcher and data analyzed by Wilcoxon, Man Whitney and step by step regression tests with SPSS22. The Man-Whitney test showed that the before intervention between two groups there was no significant difference(P˃0.05). But after intervention there was significant difference (P˂0.05) between two groups by The Man-Whitney test.   It is suggested that designed plan by “The Participative Continuing Education Based on Competency Model” use in to continving education specially in the open heart surgery units for improving nurses’ competencies improved.

Studies did not confirm the effect of continuing education on nurses’ performances change. One of the managerial approach in this issues review again this process carefully.
Aim: This study was done to determine the effect of applying “The Participative Continuing Education Based on Competency Model” on quality of ICU in the open heart surgery.
This was a quasi-experimental study and nurses who were employed through open heart surgery of adult in the Shahid Rajaii hospital in (2016) participated. They were selected by non-randomized method in case (all the numbers) and correspondence controlled group by using of propensity score (using SMD index, this entry confirmed: SMD˂0.15). Data collection tools inclue; the observational checklist of performance, nursing note and ICU charting sheet. It`s validity and reliability was evaluated with content validity and inter-rater reliability (r= 0.85). The designed plan by “The Participative Continuing Education Based on Competency Model” including nine steps: formed the core of education, preparing the environment, preparation resources, capacity building training education administrators, participatory training needs assessment, instructional design, implementation, educational supervision, giving feedback and final evaluation which it plans implemented for 9 months. Checklists before and after in two groups were completed by co-researcher and data analyzed by Wilcoxon, Man Whitney and step by step regression tests with SPSS22.
The Man-Whitney test showed that the before intervention between two groups there was no significant difference(P˃0.05). But after intervention there was significant difference (P˂0.05) between two groups by The Man-Whitney test.
It is suggested that designed plan by “The Participative Continuing Education Based on Competency Model” use in to continving education specially in the open heart surgery units for improving nurses’ competencies improved.

: Nurses are the largest group among the health professionals and both legally and ethically they must be responsible for the quality of the cares provided. And, one of the major aspects of the quality of care is the standard. This study aims at investigating the barriers in implementing the nursing standards in caring for the patients after an abdominal surgery is done.
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The target population of the study, that were selected through the simple sampling method, are all the nurses working at the abdominal surgery wards of training-clinical hospitals of Kermanshah. To gather the required data, a self-made questionnaire on individual, administrative, and environmental barriers to fulfilling standards in caring for the patients after abdominal surgery. Its validity through content validity and its reliability via test-retest method and the alpha 0.80 were confirmed. SPSS software version 16 was used for the analysis of data.
The findings from 30 participants, whom 43% of which were female, showed that the greatest barriers to the implementation of standards were: 46.7% for the lack of motivation (as an individual barrier), 73% for the lack of standardized evaluation (as an administrative barrier), and 76.7% for routine-orientedness (as an environmental barrier)
The findings from 30 participants, whom 43% of which were female, showed that the greatest barriers to the implementation of standards were: 46.7% for the lack of motivation (as an individual barrier), 73% for the lack of standardized evaluation (as an administrative barrier), and 76.7% for routine-orientedness (as an environmental barrier)

worldwide, cataract surgery and its nursing care are outpatient and ambulatory which has always been a focus of the treatment center on achieving ways to ensure its quality assurance.
Aim: This study was to determine the effect of nursing care quality assurance program in the eye outpatient center on satisfaction rate of patients undergoing cataract surgery and their families which was conducted at Day Clinic Specialty and Subspecialty of Helal Iran in 2016.
This study was a semi-expetimental study for 100 patients and 108 patients’ families which have been selected non – randomly and during discharge, they completed the author-made satisfaction questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaires was determined by content validity and reliability through internal consistency with alpha Cronbach’s (α = 0.49). At first, satisfaction of patients and patients’ families in the control group was measured and then the intervention of the nursing quality assurance program by establishing a Quality Assurance Committee at the Center, providing care standards, writing nurses’ job descriptions in this regard, improving nurses and monitoring the implementation of care standards; was executed about 1 month and then satisfaction of samples was measured in case group. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using descriptive and inferential tests.
Results showed that overall mean satisfaction score of patients from nursing care and its dimension in control group and case group was 2.4 and 3.2 respectively. Statistical test (T-test) showed that there was significantly difference with P It is suggested that nursing managers use this program to ensure the quality of nursing care in other outpatient centers.

Migraine is the main cause of disabilitating headaches.Sleep disorders are important stimulating factors of migraine. This study performed to determine the influence of sleep management program on headache indexes in migraine patients.
Subjects and

In this quasi-experimental study in 2013, 60 patients with migraine who referred to professional clinic of Razi hospital of Ghaemshahr, were examined in two experimental and control groups (with randomly allocation). Research tools included demographic data questionnaire, headache indexes questionnaire and the Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire. Four one-hour sessions of sleep management educational plan was performed for experimental group. Headache indexes and sleep quality measured before and one month after program performance and compared with control untrained? group. Statistical evaluation was done using paired-test and compared by independent t-test.

The means of headache frequency in experimental group significantly decreased and sleep quality improved after intervention (P0.05).

The presentfindings suggest that sleep management program is an effective way to reduce the frequency of migraine attacks. ►Please cite this paper as: Hadadi Barforush M, Anoosheh M, Memarian R. Effect of Sleep Management Program on Headache Indexes of Patients Suffering from Migraine Referred to Ghaemshahr Razi Hospital.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common and critical diseases, worldwide. Various studies have been conducted to improve diabetes management. However, given the inadequacy of common methods for improving diabetes control, this qualitative study was performed to determine the effects of training optimization in adolescents for promoting diabetes control. In this cooperative, action study, 10 personnel from the diabetes clinic and 74 adolescents with diabetes mellitus and their families were enrolled. Overall, in-depth interviews (65-120 min) were conducted with seven personnel and 14 adolescents (and their families) in order to determine the prevalent problems. After identifying the problems, discussion meetings were held to design programs and decisions regarding educational programs, prioritized by the participants, were implemented in guided meetings. After the implementation of the program, 21 interviews were conducted and the differences before and after program implementation were evaluated. Furthermore, blood glucose and HbA1c levels were measured by paired t-test and qualitative analysis. By optimizing the training program, incorrect insulin injection, lack of knowledge about dietary habits, infrequent referral to hospital and lack of attention to blood sugar and HbA1c were corrected. Furthermore, changes in fasting blood glucose were measured in this study. In addition to qualitative changes, fasting glucose and HbA1C levels changed from 189±65.69 to 141.08±59.42 (P=0.002) and from 8.45±1.35 to 6.98±0.89 (P=0.0001), respectively. According to the obtained findings, training program optimization resulted in improvements in diabetes management in adolescents.

Technology growth and development in medical sciences on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), staff development in nursing and educational nurse's needs in emergency department is necessary. Assessing the effects of continuing education competency-based program for emergency nurses on rate CPR successful was the aim of this study. Methods& materials: This semi-experimental study was carried out on (3 Technology growth and development in medical sciences on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), staff development in nursing and educational nurse's needs in emergency department is necessary. Assessing the effects of continuing education competency-based program for emergency nurses on rate CPR successful was the aim of this study. Methods& materials: This semi-experimental study was carried out on (30) nurses (15 nurses in each groups control and case) who selected non- randomly in emergency departments in two hospitals in Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Data gathered were observational form, record, and report nurse's sheet for CPR. Their reliabilities were (0.89) by inter-rater coefficient. Continuing education competency-based program in regarding adult learning principles and steps of competency training (CBT) planned and implemented in case group for six months Data were gathered before and six months after implementation in two groups in double blind. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square statistical tests. findings showed that two groups were same in demographic variables and no differences significantly Chi-square test showed with (p>0.05). Mann-Whitney test was revealed that between two groups, rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation were different significantly (p<0.05). Also, Wilcoxon test was revealed that between rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation before and after continuing education competency-based program found to be different between two groups (p<0.05). it is suggested to nurse managers that continuing education competency-based program applied in staff development in emergency department for promotion rate of CPR.0) nurses (15 nurses in each groups control and case) who selected non- randomly in emergency departments in two hospitals in Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Data gathered were observational form, record, and report nurse's sheet for CPR. Their reliabilities were (0.89) by inter-rater coefficient. Continuing education competency-based program in regarding adult learning principles and steps of competency training (CBT) planned and implemented in case group for six months Data were gathered before and six months after implementation in two groups in double blind. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square statistical tests. findings showed that two groups were same in demographic variables and no differences significantly Chi-square test showed with (p>0.05). Mann-Whitney test was revealed that between two groups, rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation were different significantly (p<0.05). Also, Wilcoxon test was revealed that between rate successful cardio-pulmonary resuscitation before and after continuing education competency-based program found to be different between two groups (p<0.05). it is suggested to nurse managers that continuing education competency-based program applied in staff development in emergency department for promotion rate of CPR.

The most important cause of low back pain is intervertebral disc. The most common symptom of this disease is pain, which causes decrease in living daily activities. Today, many non-pharmacologic methods of pain relief have been offered. This study has been done to study the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on pain level and living daily activities in patients with intervertebral discs. In this randomized clinical trial, 56 patients with lumbar intervertebral discs were enrolled by convenient sampling and randomized to two groups of test (n=28) and control (n=28). The PMR program was trained to patients in test group within seven theoretical and practical sessions with emphasis on 14 muscle groups. The questionnaire of pain intensity scale and living daily activities was completed prior to, and one month and three months after intervention in two groups. All 56 patients cooperated to the end of study. PMR program caused decrease in mean pain intensity and increase in domains of living daily activities in test group after three months of intervention compared with prior to intervention (P<0.001). Also, statistical test of repeated measures ANOVA indicates a significant difference in three times of pain level measurement and total score and score of domains of living daily activities in test group (P<0.001). In control group, these differences were not significant (P>0.05). In view of the findings of this study, PMR program is considerably effective on reducing chronic low back pain and increasing living daily activities in patients with intervertebral disc. Applying this program is recommended for decreasing chronic low back pain and increasing living daily activities in patients with intervertebral disc.

Emphasizing on technology progress and growth in medical sciences on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, unfortunately, the survival rate of patients and the resuscitation outcomes are still poor. Accordingly, it seems that education for nursing promotion in emergency department is paramount importance. Thus, the present study was conducted on evaluating the effect of competency-based-Training program on resuscitation outcomes.

This pre-experimental study was carried out in medical-training hospitals of Golestan University of Medical Sciences, 2011. The nurses selected via convenience sampling were allocated to case (n=15) and control group (n=15). The instruments were the forms of registration and report of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Competency-based-Training program was conducted for case group. The data recorded in before program and after four months was analyzed by SPSS16 software, using descriptive (Frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square).

The short and long term resuscitation outcomes in case group were increased from 8.8% and 4.6% to 20% and 15.6%, respectively. wilcoxon test showed that the difference was significant (p=0.001).Also, Mann-Whitney test revealed that the difference between short and long term resuscitation outcomes was significant between two groups following 4-months (P=0.03).

Based on the results, competency-based-Training program can be effective in short and long term resuscitation outcomes. Hence, it is recommended that this program be performed to upgrade nursing level.

Damaged nurses’ professional identity is caused dissatisfaction for nursing students in learning environment. Then، their behavioral disorders will be weak clinic care function، motivation decrease، a little attempting for learning in nursing care and a low pleasure in learning environment. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of professional identity on nursing students’ clinical learning. In this analytic-discriptive study، a purposive sample of 25 nursing students was selected from the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Tehran and Shahid Beheshti Universities. Data were collected using the semi- structured interview method. Study data were analyzed by employing the conventional qualitative content analysis approach. The current findings fell into one main theme entitled damaged professional identity. This theme consisted of two categories: ‘trampled individual and social status’ and ‘nurses’ inability to make their voices heard’. Nursing educators and managers can use the study findings to develop strategies for promoting students professional identity and clinical learning using damaged professional identity model.

Diabetes is among the most prevalent ingressive glands with severe side effects. So، experiencing it is a new phase in teenager''s life، which requires the active involment of them in self care the Clinical and medical personnel need more information about diabetic teenager’s experience of their routine life. Therefore، the present qualitative study deals with the demonstration of diabetic teenager’s experiences. This is a qualitative study with 14 diabetic teenager participants، ranging in age from 12 to 18، experiencing more than an year of diabetes. The study was conducted using a deep half-structural interview in a 45-90 minute period. The transcribed interviews were analyzed in a content analytic method. Analyzing the data، seven main themes were extracted، including change in life –style، Insulin receiving problems، blood sugar change، fear of future، personal characterization، economical problems and dependency on family، and disease adaptation. The diabetic teenagers are the most important bodies in self- care to which، attention and understanding can be helpful to the optimized services of medical staff; the interaction between these people is fruitful in a social context.

Myocardial infarction is one of the most common coronary artery diseases. One of the educational needs of patients، is how to perform sexual activities. Unfortunately، this issue is not being taught to patients، leading to problems in patients and their partners. This study was aimed to determine the effect of sex education on patients and their spouses› satisfaction after myocardial infarction. This Quasi-experimental، non-randomized study was performed on 60 patients with myocardial infarction and their spouses in the city of Yazd whom were divided into two groups of experimental and control (60 in each group)، in the year 1392. The main method of this study was the education and preparation of nurses and then educating patients by trained nurses and to assess sexual satisfaction based on the standard Larson›s questionnaire. The data were then statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16 using paired، independent t-test. The average sexual satisfaction of patients in the experimental group before the intervention was 81. 93 ± 12. 47 and after the intervention 82. 50 ± 12. 57 While in the control group before the intervention the average satisfaction was 83. 10 ± 17. 36 and after 6 weeks 75. 30 ± 15. 42. Also the mean sexual satisfaction of partners in the test group before and after the intervention was 81. 30 ± 12. 47 and 82. 07 ± 12. 28 respectively. In the control group before the intervention، the average score was 82. 50 ± 17. 21 and after intervention it was 74. 57 ± 15. 30. There was significant difference between patients and spouses› sexual satisfaction scores in the experimental and control groups before and after the intervention (P=0. 001). Sex education increased the sexual satisfaction among the tested group. Therefore، it is suggested to include programs in order to prepare nurses in terms of sex education of patients and their spouses in cardiac intensive wards.

Type 1 diabetes is the most common metabolic and endocrine disorders in infants and adolescents. Regarding the importance of the disease control and its effect on adolescents'' life، this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between quality of life and self-care capability among the diabetic adolescents. In this cross-sectional study، 74 diabetic adolescents were selected from Kashan diabetes center using convenience sampling. The adolescents filled out standardized quality of life questionnaire including 41 general and special questions with Likert answers (1-4) and self-care capability questionnaire including 37 questions on attitude، function and family sections with 35 Likert answers (1-4) and two answers yes/no. HbA1c measurement was performed and the demographic data including sex، age، diabetes duration and insulin injections were registered. The mean age of patients and diabetes onset were 14. 44±1. 8 and 4. 12±1. 94، respectively and the patients received 33. 7±12. 45 (IU/day) insulin. Results showed no significant relationship between the quality of life and HbA1c level (P=0. 58). Moreover، no significant relationship was found between the self-care capability and HbA1c level (P=0. 79). However، a significant relationship was found between the quality of life and self-care capability (P=0. 001). Considering the low HbA1c level، the quality of life and self-care capability in diabetic adolescents were not desirable in this city.

Always need to staff development programs are necessary. Assessing nurses’ viewpoint is important for more effectives these programs; because nurses’ care behaviors change after that simply.

This study was done for evaluation of “competency based” in -service education program” from nurses’ viewpoint in emergency department in one of the teaching hospital in Golestan city.

This was descriptive cross- sectional study that it was assessed (45) nurses’ emergency department viewpoints in hospitals affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2011.They were selected purposively and non-randomly. After the competency based in -service education program on cardio-pulmonary resuscitation was implemented for 6 months. Data by reliable questionnaire (Alpha- Chronbach =0.91) gathered that it contains two parts; demographic data and questions in three dimensions of performance, training and supportive services (27 questions) and analyzed by SPSS16 software and descriptive statistics.

Evaluation of “competency based in -service education program” from nurses’ viewpoint in emergency department showed that in dimension of training; respectively had 58/52% nurses very good and 41/48% had good viewpoint. At dimension of performance respectively had 56/36% nurses very good and 38/79% good viewpoint, and at dimension of supportive services had 29/53% nurses very good and 40/95% good viewpoint.

Based on finding it would be suggested that competency based in-service education program applied with its’ method for emergency staff development; it will result to staff satisfaction.

Attention to the quality of life of the children from view of child and their parents to identify a child's specific needs and adopting appropriate and effective care has special importance. This study aimed to determine the quality of life of children with congenital heart disease as perceived by children and their Parents. In a descriptive-analytical study, quality of life of 60 school-age children with congenital heart disease hospitalized in Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Tehran by a convenient sampling were examined. Data collection tools included demographic information and quality of life questionnaire for children with heart disease (PedsQl Cardiac Module) from both the children and parents view point. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. The average score of quality of life from children’s point of view was 0.5 ±0.09, and from their Parents view point was 0.61± 0.08 (p=00/0). There were significant differences between quality of life scores in all domains (except for disease problems), and totally between both the children and parents point of view) P >0.05(. Our findings indicated that the vision of children with congenital heart disease and their parents on dimensions of quality of life were different. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses along with health care, pursue follow up programming for these patients and their family to improve the quality of life of these children, to have an effective step towards empowering children and families for disease control, prevention of complications, anxiety, and thus increasing the level of self-care and quality childs of life of child.

One of the most common cardiac surgeries is valve replacement. All cardiac valve-replaced patients need to use warfarin during their life in order to reduce the risk of valvular thrombosis. There were some reports about various problems of using warfarin by considering care conditions، but there was no comprehensive study based on patients’ experiences. The present study was carried out with the aim of explaining the experiences of cardiac valve-replaced patients about using warfarin. This study was conducted with a qualitativeresearch approachand conventional content analysis in 2013. The Participants were 10 cardiac valve-replaced patients who had experiences of different time periods in Tehran and Kashan therapeutic centers and outpatients who had the experience of living with metal cardiac valves. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interview and purposive sampling and it continued until data saturation. Data analysis had been done continually and concurrently with data collection and it was performed through a comparative method. 479 codes were extracted from deep and rich descriptions of the participants. There were two main themes during data analysis process including: concern and fear of changes in the International Normalized Ratio (INR) and the struggle for the correct use of warfarin and adjustment of INR، the first theme was fear and concern about warfarin use which was consisted of five subcategories; concern on the correct use of warfarin; concern on health cares، warfarin side effects; concern on pregnancy and dental care، the second theme was effort for correct use of warfarin and regulating its use which was consisted of five subcategories: perceiving the necessity of warfarin use، adherence to the physician، self-care، physicians’ recommendations and health care and educational requirements for warfarin use. Cardiac valve-replaced patients have a permanent fear and concern during thetime of warfarin use and they try to reduce it with the correct use of warfarin and the adjustment of INR. It is necessary to help them to reduce such concerns through actual knowledge of the patients، providing post-discharge care and establishing the society for cardiac valve-replaced patients and the family.