سیدمهدی طباطبایی

"Ma'arif al-Haqayiq fi Tahqiq al-Daqayiq" falls under the category of mystical writings. The author, Mirpadshah, identifies himself in his book as a descendant of Mir Haider Kasbi, a sheikh of the Naqshbandi sect. Mir Haider Kasbi's grave is now a shrine in the province of Nakhshab (currently Qarshi). He is a relative of Khwaja Saad and the author of "Ma'arif al-Haqayq" and "Izah al-Istlahat Va Tafsil Al-Maqamat". Written in 1003 AH during the reign of Abdullah Bahadur Khan, "Ma'arif al-Haqayq" is a commentary on "Lama'at" by Fakhr al-Din Iraqi, inspired by a man named Mirak Sufi. The author defines and explains mystical concepts at the beginning of the book. He also adds his explanations while writing Iraqi's words, whom he calls Musannef. He writes down the words of the Iraqi in red and his explanations in black. This document lacks history, including articles, dissertations, and books; however, Iraqi's existing explanations are given as background. The thorough definitions of mystical terminology are found in the preface of the version and in the section preceding the main text, which are not found in other explanations and are considered innovative. There are no duplicate manuscripts for this version. It is readable, written by the author, and contains very few omissions. The detailed description of the text "Lamaat" combined with the thorough explanations of the mystical terms, the detailed explanations of mystical terms, the elegant and eloquent choice of words, the use of literary structures such as similes, the abundance of adjectives and the information of the Naqshbandi sect make this description an effective example. During the time regarded as the decline of Persian prose, it is of great importance for prose. The command of mystical topics and the coherence of the author's writing remind me of Lahiji's account of Shabestari’s "Golshan Raz." It must therefore be corrected, in order to provide the audience with a comprehensive description of the Lamaat, in addition to the richness of spiritual literature.

The name of Ahmed ibn Hasan Qattan, one of the unknown teachers of Sheikh Sadouq, appears in some narrations of Sadouq's works. The following research was conducted with the aim of identifying the mentioned person and also explaining why a famous Imamiyya scholar referred to this person from among the Companions of Hadith in order to narrate the narration. The findings show that Sadouq received reports from him that were compatible with the theological historical approach and could be helpful for theological beliefs along with Imamiya news. His news included narrations related to speech, ethics, some Zikrs and a narration such as "Twelfth Caliph" that Sadouq used to prove the succession of the twelve Imams, especially to prove the Imamate of Hazrat Mahdi. In the path of his narrations, there are many unknown men, and the content is in some places consistent with the advanced sources of Imamiyyah.

Denomination and ritual are subjects that have fascinated writers all around the world for many years. The denomination is a wide-ranging topic that cannot be included in concise books or writings. Poets, especially Urdu poets, express specific beliefs toward their denomination, ritual, and religious leaders. Denomination and ritual are involved effectively in human life and are evident in his speech and writing. The present study investigates the concerns and interests of the Urdu poet Iftikhar Arif. It studies his denomination and understanding and the influence of Islamic leaders. He has been able to take his name and his poems to the top of the literary sky in religious literature. His poems are full of a deep understanding of Islam, love for the Prophet (PBUH) of Islam, and his household. It can be said that he has a sufficient understanding of religion and has expressed the issues of the present age in the context of religion.

A proper hand function is essential for performing activities of daily living. Hand injuries can significantly affect participation in these activities. Therefore, any factors that interferes with the treatment of hand injuries and postoperative recovery such as smoking should be controlled. Smoking cigarettes use is a public health problem worldwide. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between smoking cigarettes and hand function after tendon repair in men.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 men (20 smokers and 20 non-smokers) who had undergone at least 10 sessions of physiotherapy and 10 sessions of occupational therapy one and a half months after tendon surgery. In order to collect the information, a demographical form and the shortened disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (QuickDASH) were used. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 22.

There was a significant difference in hand function after tendon repair between smokers and non-smokers (P=0.006). There was no significant relationship between the number of cigarette consumed per day and hand function (P=0.3)

It seems that there is a significant relationship between smoking and hand function after tendon repair, but there is no significant relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and hand function. Individual counseling to smokers with hand injuries and expressing the possible negative effects of smoking on their hand function can increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation in them.

The presence of a blind child in the family puts a lot of pressure on the caregivers, especially the mother. Therefore, the mother’s mental and emotional condition is affected and disturbs her ability to balance time. By knowing the pattern of time use in mothers of blind children, it is possible to help improve the health and quality of life of these mothers. This study aims to evaluate the time use in mothers of children with blindness compared to the mothers of healthy children.

This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Ninety mothers of blind and healthy children aged 6-14 years participated in this study. Mothers were selected from among those whose children were in exceptional schools of Shahid Mohebi, Narjes, and Khazaeili and normal schools in West of Tehran, Iran using a convenience sampling method. Mothers’ time use for different activities was evaluated by the Persian version of the Mothers’ time Use questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software versio 21 using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.

Mothers of children with blindness spent more time on household chores and childcare and less time on sleeping/resting compared to the mothers of healthy children (50.0≥P).

The presence of a blind child in the family affects the ability of mothers in balancing the time and the quality of the time spent by them on daily activities. Therefore, there is a need to pay attention to balance of time as a variable of health and quality of life.

Linguistic research is more complex than research in other literary fields, and it will be much more complicated if the research is done on a great poet like Mīrzā Abd al-Qādir Bidel, who rewrote his earlier poems and made corrections to them during his poetic maturity. This study seeks to show his poetic trajectory through the investigation of lexical metamorphoses in his poetry by considering the Ganj Bakhsh's manuscript as a source in which Bidel's lyric poems have been included up to the time he was 53 years old. The text of the poems in this manuscript were compared with the readings of the same poems in later-dated manuscripts. Attempt has been made to use descriptive-analytical method to highlight various types of linguistic metamorphoses in Bidel's ghazals in four general categories: metamorphosis through elimination of words, metamorphosis through change of words, metamorphosis through addition of words, and metamorphosis through complete change in a hemistich (mesraʿ). The necessity of studying the linguistic issues in Persian literature and the prominent position of Mīrzā Abd al-Qādir Bidel in the Indian style of poetry point to the necessity and importance of this research. Findings show that most of the metamorphoses in Bidel’s lyric poems has been through change of words, and the elimination or addition of words have not been very frequent. It was also found in this study that Bidel, by changing his attitude towards poetry, words and poetic images, was able to free himself from the shadow of the great poets of the Indian style poetry and secure a special place in Persian literature.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate therelationship between initially incompatible schemas in self-efficacy and the workenthusiasm of employees.

The current research is applied in terms ofpurpose and correlational in terms of method. The statistical population of the presentstudy consisted of employees of banks in the 5th district of Tehran. Among thesepeople, 100 people were selected as a statistical sample based on Morgan's table. Aquestionnaire was used to collect data. The research tools included Yang's maladaptiveschemas questionnaire (short form), Scherer et al.'s (1982) self-efficacy questionnaire,and Salona and Shoufeli's (2001) job enthusiasm questionnaire. The collected data wereanalyzed using SPSS software and Pearson's correlation coefficient for statisticalanalysis.

The findings show a negative correlation between job passion andrejection, poor self-management, and impaired limitation, which is significant at the P< 0.01 level. On the other hand, the relationship between job passion and other areas oforientation and listening to live is insignificant. Also, the correlation between self-efficacy and impaired self-management, other orientation, and impaired limitation isnegative and significant at the P < 0.01 level. At the same time, the relationship of self-efficacy with the domains of tinnitus, cutting, and rejection is not significant.

The statistical analysis of the data showed that job enthusiasm has asignificant negative correlation with the three areas of cut and rejection, impaired self-management, and impaired limitation, but its relationship with the other two areas isnot significant. Also, self-efficacy has a significant negative correlation with impairedself-management, impaired limitation, and orientation toward others. This is eventhough the relationship between self-efficacy and the other two domains, i.e., listeningto the bell and cutting and rejecting, is insignificant.

Background and Aims :

Urinary incontinence (UI) has been known as one of the clinical manifestations of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) instability; however, limited research has been published on PFM function in patients with different types of UI. This study aimed to compare the PFM function of the continent women and women with Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods :

This cross-sectional comparative study was performed on 30 women, 10 continents, 10 SUI, and 10 OAB, with a mean age of 42.67±4.77 years. PFM function was assessed using manual muscle testing, a perimeter, and surface electromyography. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and the level of significance was considered as P≥0. 05.

Results :

There was no significant difference in the PFM function, strength, and electromyographic activity between SUI and OAB patients.  However, it decreased in both groups compared to the healthy group (P=0.001). Also, a strong correlation was found between clinical examination, a perimeter, and electromyography (r=0.82, P=0.0001).

Conclusion:

 This study revealed that the PFM function was impaired in both groups of women with SUI and OAB. Also, both manual examination and the perimeter can be used as clinical methods in evaluating PFM function.

The History of Al-Uthman perfectly illustrates the events and happenings of the Ottoman government from the beginning of its emergence to the time of Ragheb Pasha. It also includes the events taking place after 1744. Besides its historical value, this work provides the audience with valuable knowledge about the social situation of the people, the behavior, and actions of the Ottoman rulers, cultural changes, and the way of thinking and the viewpoint of people during that era. The author of this work, Ahmad Judet Pasha, was born in 1823 in Bulgaria and was a very prominent and influential person in the Ottoman government. The translator is Mohammad Hossein Khoei and as said by his own words, he tried to translate this work by the order of Naser al-Din Shah in 1900. The prose of this work, excluding the introduction, which is an artificial one, is in colloquial language and is one of the anonymous texts of the Qajar era. There are two manuscripts of this book, both of them date back to the thirteenth century. However, the first version is complete and the second version is incomplete. Due to the importance of the Qajar colloquial language in the changes and developments of modern Persian, the present study aims to investigate the position of the author and translator and its translation style so as to elucidate the worth of this anonymous historical version alongside its linguistic significance.

Writing according to his extensive knowledge in poetry and insisting on the difficulty, complexity, and ambiguity, Athir al-Din culminated the meaning of verses. Athir al-Din, whose qaṣīdah (ode) verses have been introduced in some poetic memoirs as an instance of difficult verses of poetry, is considered one of the most prominent qaṣīdah (ode) poets of the sixth century. Owing to this poet’s position in the canon of Persian literature, contemporary scholars have paid special attention to textual criticism of his diwan; therefore, his poetry collection has textually been criticized triple in the present century. The first correction was made by Rokn al-Din Homayoun Farrokh between 1957 and 1958 in the form of 6537 verses; The second correction was made by Mahmoud Barati Khansari in 2019 in 12,000 verses. The third correction was the Ph.D. dissertation of Professor Abbas Mahyar, published in 2020 and a few years after his demise. Examination of the corrected texts and manuscripts of this poet's diwan shows that there are shortcomings in the writing of the manuscripts and the account of the criticisms so that it can be claimed there is a long way to go before reaching a revised text from the diwan. To prove this claim, in this research, by descriptive-analytical method, difficult verses of a poem by Athir al-Din will be examined based on the account of corrected texts, and their comparison with the writing of ancient manuscripts. Many of the versions cited in this study are the same as those that were available to the textual critics, but they did not use the necessary care in selecting or reading words, combinations, and interpretations. The research findings display that among the three corrections made, the correction of the late Mahyar is better than the other two since he has chosen an eclectic method of correction and the other two correctors have worked according to the base version. From a textual criticism perspective, according to the existing versions of Athir al-Din's Diwan, it seems that using the "base version" method in criticizing cannot have the necessary efficiency. Further, to criticize this poet's diwan textually, while grasping his mentality, language, and scope of knowledge, one should use other knowledge in the field of literature such as lexicography, stylistics, and criticism.

Hadiqat al Haqiqa can be considered as one of the ancient texts of Persian literature; Due to this antiquity, ancient and obsolete words, terms, and combinations have been used in it that some of which have not even been recorded in dictionaries. In addition, due to the mistake of the correctors, misreadings have taken place in the written or corrected texts, which have changed the written form of some of the words and their combinations and removed them from their originality. The necessity of this research is that the words and phrases used in the Hadiqah are among the valuable heritage of Persian language and literature, and the advancement of language and literature will increase the distance between the natives and the works, and such advancement may make it more difficult to discover their correct form. The descriptive-analytical method is used in this research and data collection tools are library resources in which the achievements of other researchers in this field have been spotted and benefited. The main achievement of this research is suggestions for recording some words and compounds in this work that will solve the conceptual problem of some verses.

The history of Persian literature proves that Hadiqat al Haqiqa, immediately after it was written, was met with public acclaim; To the extent that its verses have found their way into the works of Sanai's contemporaries, such as Bahramshahi's Kelileh va Demneh. Researchers' re-approach to the works of Sanai led to three valid academic corrections of this work in the last century: 1. Correction of the late Modarres Razavi, based on the comprehensive script of Hadiqah; 2. Correction of Hosseini (Fakhrinameh), based on a concise script of Hadiqah; 3. Yahaghi and Zarqani's correction, with access to older versions, based on the comprehensive script. Nevertheless, we should not assume that there is no need to correct it; because the misreadings and misconceptions that have led to these corrections are so much that they cannot be easily ignored.  

This research, using library resources, analytical and descriptive methods, has examined the recording of some words and compound words in Hadiqat al Haqiqa. Additionally, the author of the article has adapted some cases with manuscripts. The need to study ancient mystical works, as well as to review and critique the published works on this subject, necessitates further research. The importance of this research is the significant position of Sanai and Hadiqat al Haqiqa in the history of Persian literature, which has been influential in the formation of the mystical current in Persian poetry. Of course, the literary importance of Hadiqah should not be easily overlooked; because the words, combinations, and expressions used in it, due to their lack of use, need more research and recognition. Such is the necessity of this research to highlight similar words and combinations. The research process is such that first, the recorded form of the verse is mentioned in the existing corrections of the Hadiqah, and then, the author's proposed form for recording words and also expressing their meaning will be presented with evidence from Persian literature texts.      

In this research, the correct form of the words and combinations of "mademouyan", "sayesh", "fasi", "chamsh", "takab and takin", "enaz", "tankar", "nikbad" and "nebisandeh" are discussed and finally, it has become clear that some of the inconsistencies in the corrections made from Hadith al-Haqiqah go back to its two different versions, which caused a difference of verses from the verse 3800 (in Khalil Inaljak's version) to 14,000 verses (in Hagia Sophia's version) and this is the reason that has made the explanation of the book very difficult for researchers. It should be noted that when verse or verses are not expressed in their place, the vertical axis of the work will be disrupted, and understanding the meaning of the verses will not be easy. On the other hand, some of the difficulties of Hadiqat al Haqiqa are the result of incorrect correction of verses or incorrect recording of words and compounds, which adds to its ambiguity. However, it should be noted that by approaching the poetic mentality of the poet as well as the language of his time, some of the shortcomings of writing and recording the words and compositions of the Hadiqah can be eliminated. In this study, it was found that the main reasons for misreading and incorrect recording of words and combinations in written or corrected Hadiqah texts include the following:  1. Obsoleteness of words (Sayesh); 2. Use of words and terms of other sciences (Fasi, Tankar); 3. Not reflecting the meaning of the word or composition in its context (enaz, nikbad);  4. Not paying attention to the use of words or combinations in texts close to the time of the poet (mademouyan); 5. Lack of attention to other forms of words (chamsh and nebisandeh).    

 Family-centered services are collections for children with special needs and their families. These services consider families as expert about childrenchr('39')s needs. The essence of this approach is involvement of family in decision making, cooperation, and mutual communication (family and therapist), mutual respect, acceptance of family choice, family support, flexibility of service, and effort to empower families. These services have become a basic foundation of many early intervention programs and are especially useful in rehabilitation services. MPOC-20 is one of the questionnaires used to evaluate these services. This questionnaire consists 20 questions divided into 5 areas, the areas include the following: 1) enabling and partnership, 2) providing general information, 3) providing specific information about the child, 4) coordinated and comprehensive care for child and family, and 5) respectful and supportive care. This tool has been translated and validated in several countries and specifically in several diseases. In this study, the validity and reliability of this tool have been investigated.

 This study was a descriptive-analytical and in order to measure the validity and reliability of MPOC-20, content validity, correlation coefficient and reliability of the test-retest were done. To determine the content validity, 14 occupational therapists were asked and the result was calculated by measuring the content validity index and content validity Ratio. Then, an MPOC-20 questionnaire along with a form of demographic information and a consent form were given to 340 parents of children (children under 18 years and with different diagnosis) in clinics of Tehran. The articipants consisted of 142 girls patients (42%) and 198 boys (58%) randomly selected from public and private rehabilitation centers in different regions of Tehran. A large percentage of respondents were mothers (314 people were 92.4%). After 2 weeks, the questionnaire was again distributed among 30 of them, and the ICC coefficients were calculated. In order to determine the internal consistency, Cronbachchr('39')s alpha was calculated.

 The content validity index and content validity Ratio for all items were acceptable and no items were deleted. Cronbachchr('39')s alpha was 0.81 which indicates a high correlation between items in the questionnaire. The highest Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient is related to the field of providing general information about the child (α=0.77). Also, in this section, the p-value was significant for all fields at the level of 0.001. In the reliability of the test-retest, the scores of the Intra-class correlation coefficient of all domains were higher than 0/6 which indicates a medium to good reliability of the questionnaire. Reliability in the field of supportive care had a high coefficient and good reliability. In other areas, the reliability was moderate.

 Considering the importance of evaluation in improvement of family-centered services provision, a strong tool is needed and MPOC-20 is well known in this regard. The results of this study showed that the Persian version of "MPOC-20" questionnaire has a good validity and reliability in children under the age of 18, and it can be used to assess family-centered services in both research studies and as clinical tool.

Tazkerat al-Awliya is one of the most important Persian mystical sources in describing the states and sayings of the great Sufis, which Attar Neyshabouri wrote using the sources written before him such as Tabaqat al-Sufiyya, Haliya al-Awliya, Resaleye Qosheiriyyeh, and Kashf al-Mahjoub. The most authoritative correction of this book was made by Reynold Allen Nicholson between 1322 AH/ 1905 to 1325 AH/ 1907. After that, in 2019, Shafiei Kadkani made another correction of Tazkerat al-Awliya which untied the conceptual knot of many of its words, combinations, and expressions. It also provided an opportunity for further research on this book. Nevertheless, there are errors in the corrected text. In this research, the descriptive-analytical method was used to highlight the shortcomings and irregularities in the correction of Tazkerat al-Awliya which can be divided into 7 general formats: 1) shortcomings in the original version, 2) deviations from the original versions, 3) distortions, 4) incorrect reporting, 5) misreading, 6) incorrect comments, and 7) other shortcomings. Library resources such as the original manuscripts and other manuscripts have also been used. The results of the research showed that the quality of correction in the first part of Tazkerat al-Awliya is not comparable to the second part due to the visible duality. The main reason for the duality of the book is the difference in its manuscripts, which is sometimes accompanied by the corrector’s errors.

Mystical memoirs are among the most valuable treasures that contain pure essences of great Sufis’ lives. Among these works, Attar's Tazkirat al-Awliya holds a special place since it is one of the leading works written in Persian on the subject, and its author is considered one of the most prominent poets and writers of the sixth and seventh centuries (AH). Besides the mystical content of Tazkerit al-Awliya, the book’s prose form has attracted the attention of researchers. In the last century, two important corrections of the book have been carried out; the first of which was published by Reynold Allen Nicholson in 1332 (AH), and the next one by Mohammad Reza Shafiee-Kadkani, which was published in 1398 (AH) after forty years of efforts. Shafiee's correction of Tazkirat al-Awliya, due to the eminent position of the corrector in the field of contemporary mystical studies, laid the ground for further research. The method employed by Shafiee Kadkani is correction based on the base manuscript. In the correction of the first part, since no sole manuscript could be the basis of critical correction, five highly original and ancient manuscripts (Nafiz Pasha, Qastamuni, Kiliç Ali Pasha, Hazrat Khalid, and the Konya Museum) were used as "base manuscripts". In correcting the second part of the book, the manuscript “Ayasofya" has been considered as the base and Berlin 581 and Shahid Ali Pasha manuscripts as the variant manuscripts. The corrector acknowledges that in the correction, the criterion of "the most frequent" has been considered, and a manuscript has been used as the base manuscript, which is given "overlapping" priority; even if in some cases there is omitting or misreading by the scribe. Accordingly, there are defects in the manuscript considered as the base plus misreading and inaccurate reporting by the corrector which have intensified the shortcomings. One of the biggest problems in correcting Tazkirat al-Awliya is that there exist two separate writings; the first one was written by Attar describing the lives of 72 great figures of Sufism and mysticism. The ancient handwritten manuscripts of Tazkirat al-Awliya include the same 72 chapters. In the other written version, chapters have been added with the title “Remembering the late Sufi elders”, which contain the states and sayings of 25 mystics of the fourth and fifth centuries. Some scholars do not consider Attar as the author of the second version, and believe that this part was added to the memoir after the tenth century; others believe that Attar came to this conclusion after a while that there were other figures missing in the book. So, he wrote about their manners afterwards. This has led to the existence of different versions of Tazkirat al-Awliya with different inscriptions; which makes the correction incoherent. Deploying a descriptive-analytical method, the present library-based study aims to provide suggestions on how some certain words and phrases of this correction could be recorded. In view of that, Shafiee-Kadkani’s correction was compared with Nicholson's and other existing editions and the texts’ ambiguities were juxtaposed with old and authentic manuscripts of Tazkerat al-Awliya, which had been used in Shafiee-Kadkani’s correction. Then, suggestions with regard to recording of some words and phrases of Tazkirat al-Awliya and their meanings were offered via providing exemplary evidence from Persian literary texts. It seems that the following cases are among the most important issues that have caused problems in accurate recording and reporting of the text of Tazkirat al-Awliya: Lack of fidelity to the base manuscripts and, consequently, omitting and adding letters and words to convey the desired meaning of the text; Carelessness of the scribes in writing the manuscripts as well as their poor literacy; Inattention to adjusting parts of Tazkirat al-Awliya to other mystical texts; Lack of attention to the corrections made to the manuscripts by the scribe or someone else; Ignoring the variant manuscripts that could occasionally be found in the margins of the manuscripts; Editors' lack of accuracy and care in recording of the words’ spelling and the general meaning of phrases; Orthographic similarity of some Persian letters of alphabet as well as their form of writing by the scribes; Passage of time and the damages done to the manuscripts.

Sensory problems can affect the functioning of individuals in a variety of daily activities in different aspects. One of these aspects of daily activity is the quality and quantity of sleep. Sensory processing is perhaps the most basic psychological element that determines how individuals perceive and respond to environmental stimuli. Given this, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of sensory processing disorder on students' sleep quality.

The current descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 students of the School of Rehabilitation at Shahid Beheshti and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences. Two Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaires and Adolescent-Adult Sensory profile were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.

The results of data analysis showed that 49.1% of the students had undesirable sleep quality and most of the students had sensory processing disorder of sensory seeking type. The results showed a significant relationship between sleep quality and the three variables of low registering, sensory sensitivity, and sensory avoidance (P-values: 0/017, 0/003, 0/02, respectively).

The findings of the present study emphasized that students with poor sleep quality had sensory processing disorder and their sleep quality reduced. Also, there was a significant relationship between low registering, sensory sensitivity, and sensory avoidance with sleep quality. Therefore, it seems necessary to support students in considering proper sensory diet and taking measures to resolve their sensory problems and thus improve their sleep patterns.

In the history of Persian literature, foods are among the categories that have entered from popular culture into literary language; in addition to writing independent books on the subject or composing specific poems about them, they have been mentioned in various literary texts. "Ode on Totmajiyye" by Shamsoddin Ahmad Ibn Manouchehr Shast Kolah, an Iraqi poet and a courtier of the Toghrol Seljuk (573-590), is one of the few poems that specifically describes how to cook a meal, which has a very high frequency of use in Persian poetry and prose. However, without understanding all its aspects, it will be difficult to understand the meaning of some verses and phrases of the Persian texts. This research investigates Totmaj and its related issues in a descriptive-analytical way, using library-based and content-analysis methods of Persian literature texts. The main finding, besides clarifying the subject, is to obtain the correct meaning of terms and combinations that have found their way into the Persian literature based on how to cook or eat Totmaj. Moreover, due to the passage of time and the changes occurring in this food, it has become difficult for the literati to understand their meaning.

In despite of the advancements and achievements regarding the control of the diseases, Leishmaniosis is still known as one of the basic health concerns. The objective of this study was to determine the effective factors in the follow-up delay among registered cases infected with Cutaneous Leishmaniosis from 2009 to 2014 in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran.

Participants of this analytic descriptive study included 2410 people infected with Cutaneous Leishmaniosis from cities covered by Zahedan and Iran-Shahr Medical Universities from 2009 to 2014. Census sampling method was conducted and data were collected through the two-part questionnaire which included demographic variables and disease information. SPSS software version 20 was used for statistical analysis in order to determine the most important effective factors in patients’ follow-up delay by implementing logistic regression.

The mean (SD) patients’ age was 19.3 (16.4) years, the size of the wounds were identified as 2.7 (1.5) centimeter, and patients follow-up delay was 59.7 (52.5) days. As many as 1502 of patients (62.6%) were male, and 2014 (83.6%) were female. 730 patients (30.3%) were kids. Pakis compared with Iranians 70% (P<0.01), nomads compared with urban citizens 83% (P=0.02), and patients with the history of simultaneous infection of other family members compared with the opposite group 39% (P=0.02) had the less possibility of follow-up delay. Patients who were referred from the private centers had 126% higher possibility of follow-up delay than those referred by the state health centers (P=0.02). Patients with the dry wound compared with those with wet wound had higher rate of follow-up (P< 0.01).

The study showed that the delay in follow-up among patients infected by the Cutaneous Leishmaniosis in cities of Sistan and Baluchestan province was relatively high. The effective factors in decreasing the follow-up delays of the patients and treatment seeker included beشing Paki, nomads’ life place, referral from the state health centers, wet wound, and history of the simultaneous infection of the family members.

Making a new correction of any book, provided that the methods and scientific criteria are observed, can pave the way for further research. Shafiee Kadkani’s correction of Attar’s Tazkerat al-Awliya has made it possible for researchers to reach new horizons of this book. The acquaintance of the corrector with scientific methods and criteria of correction techniques, his ability in interpreting the language of mysticism grandees, correction in a long period of time, and valuable commentary writing are features that have made this correction the most authoritative work done regarding Tazkerat al-Awliya. The present research seeks to provide further explanation for several words and interpretations explained in Shafiee Kadkani's commentary, using library resources and a descriptive-analytical method. The necessity of research is the need to address the words and interpretations used in Attar Neyshabouri’s works to facilitate the understanding of the text for readers. In this study, words such as ‘Sekil’ and ‘Pashesh’, and expressions such as ‘Safra Kardan’, ‘Be Sokhan Rast Nahadan’, ‘Rah- e Kasi Anjam Gereftan’, ‘Bar Yek Khesht Gashtan’, and ‘Sar Az Souy- e Kasi Oftadan’ are examined. The results suggest that the fluid meanings of Persian language vocabulary, less frequency of some words and expressions, deviation from the written form of words in the basic manuscript, and the corrector’s interest in using a particular form of a word or expression are among the most important factors that have caused difficulties in understanding the concept of words and phrases in Tazkerat al-Awliya, leding to inadequate explanations of some phrases.

Any misinterpretation of the word or combination by the scribe and "correction" can lead to semantic ambiguity of the text, and it makes it difficult for the audience to understand the meaning of the poem. In addition, writing descriptions and suspensions on these inaccurate recordings leads to a more sophisticated concept of verses. The effect of these issues on correcting a text is multiplied when the book is corrected from ancient Persian literature, and the use of inappropriate and sometimes derogatory words is used. This claim can be traced back to Sana'i's Hadiqat al-Haqiqa; text that is difficult in itself, and various books and corrections have added to its difficulty, as far as can be seen in the corrected texts, the recorded form of some verses does not provide a clear meaning. This study seeks to highlight the inaccurate recording of some of the verses of this poem by using ancient manuscripts in a descriptive-analytical manner. The most important achievement of the research is suggestions for correctly recording or correctly reading some of the words, combinations and verses in the Sana'i Hadiqat al-Haqiqa, whereby the conceptual node of the verses in question will be resolved.