فهرست مطالب عباس شفیعی

A resistance economy is a critical need of Islamic societies, which can be met by contemplating the Holy Quran. According to some Quranic verses, in the face of threats, sanctions, and crises, prophets made decisions that proved beneficial for their era and other times and societies with the help of revelation and their own effective measures. To achieve a model for the realization of a resistance economy with a Quranic approach, this study adopted the Quranic story-based contemplation method and examined Prophet Joseph's strategic management model in making Egypt resilient to drought. The results showed that this model involves input elements such as "monotheistic perspective", process elements such as "strategies and strategic principles", and output elements such as "strategic measures". As a result, it includes strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation and can, therefore, be considered a useful model for formulating and implementing a resistance economy.

 Despite the efforts of Western and Islamic thinkers to support organizations and human resources, the existence of poverty, class gaps, and job dissatisfaction is proof of the weakness of leadership styles, including servant leadership, Therefore, with the aim of compensating for this weakness, more than 40 indicators of servant leadership obtained from the review of the theoretical foundations and background of the research were presented and confirmed to the Qur'an with the inferential research method of Martyr Sadr. And more than 540relevant verses were extracted through word research and semantic research in the verses of the Quran. And with the “Background Theory” research (open, central and selective coding), Quranic data was analyzed and the following findings were obtained: A) 37indicators, including the concepts of God's pleasure and self-improvement, friendly relations and fair behavior, commitment and specialization, fear and hope, delegation of authority and participation in leadership and providing for the psychological and material needs of followers; b) 6 categories of strategic goals, strategies to influence followers, leadership competence strategies, guidance-training strategies, management strategies and service strategies; c) 3 dimensions of motivation, attitude and action. And finally, by discovering the causal, contextual, interventional and consequential relationship of the aforementioned categories and dimensions with servant leadership and its successful test, the model of servant leadership was designed from the perspective of the Qur'an.

Values are considered as a subsystem in the behavioral system that this article tried to explain and in response to this question, what is the system model of values in the analysis of individual behavior in Hosseini's Arbaʿīn? The method of this research is descriptive and analytical, and the method of collecting information in the form of documents and libraries using the tool of data collection and analysis of findings, using the method of content analysis and observing the method of ijtihādī. The results of the research show that values can be considered as a sub-system within the behavioral individual system according to the scientific model of Rukij, whose input is instrumental (worldly) values, its process, goal values (hereafter) and its output is behavior-oriented values. And of course, the values themselves are the input element of the individual system of behavior, which has a meaningful relationship with individual behavior in Hosseini's Arbaʿīn

Values are considered as a subsystem in the behavioral system that this article tried to explain and in response to this question, what is the system model of values in the analysis of individual behavior in Hosseini's Arbaʿīn? The method of this research is descriptive and analytical, and the method of collecting information in the form of documents and libraries using the tool of data collection and analysis of findings, using the method of content analysis and observing the method of ijtihādī. The results of the research show that values can be considered as a sub-system within the behavioral individual system according to the scientific model of Rukij, whose input is instrumental (worldly) values, its process, goal values (hereafter) and its output is behavior-oriented values. And of course, the values themselves are the input element of the individual system of behavior, which has a meaningful relationship with individual behavior in Hosseini's Arbaʿīn

Basically, charitable organizations are non-profit organizations that are not based on personal profit and pursue charitable and public goals. Considering this, management in such organizations must be voluntary, benevolent and selfless and in a spiritualistic interpretation. This research aims to analyze the leadership model of the inverted pyramid as a model suitable for the management of charitable organizations with an emphasis on Blanchard's religious model, which is carried out with a descriptive-analytical method based on the model of Jesus with the method of Qur'anic stories. The results and achievements of the research show that the leadership model of the inverted pyramid with regard to the leadership style of Jesus can be a suitable model for charity organizations and managers at different levels can show their effectiveness by being inspired by the mentioned model. This model has elements such as a submissive heart, submissive intellect and submissive hands (behavior) which is based on the vision and strategy of monotheism on the axis of service, humility, humility and spirituality, and the leaders and managers in this model, in addition to emphasizing on being a servant, They perform service with a humble look and give their service a spiritual and divine color and are encouraged in the path of loving service to spiritual and divine business; Therefore, according to the Qur'anic approaches inspired by this model, managers with monotheistic vision and strategies in the corridor of spirituality strategy with tools such as modesty and humility walk the path of material and spiritual service and objectify the effectiveness in charitable institutions.

The present article with the title; The systemic model of social structure is from the perspective of Imam Ali (AS), which collects information in a descriptive-analytical way with a documentary-library method, and the type of analysis is based on content analysis. The stratification system is one of the concepts that is studied and analyzed in the description of the social structure. And the Islamic society is like a supersystem that is made up of sub-systems. Therefore, this work seeks to explain the existence of systems and transform it into the correct social model, as well as the characteristics and tasks of each system in the form of inputs and processes of the system model in order to achieve the hypothesis that the existence of these subsystems and supersystems in society requires each other, pays.Therefore, according to the outputs of the systemic model, the goal of this work is that Imam Ali (a.s.) mentioned the need and dependence of each class on each other in Nahj al-Balagha, and the consistency and stability of each class to reach He knows the stage of evolution and excellence dependent on other classes; In addition, the results show that the systemic model of the social structure has input elements, process elements and output elements.

The purpose of this article is to examine the role of laws and regulations for the successful implementation of the procurement policy in state-owned banks, considering the role of adjusting the specific conditions of banks. In terms of purpose, the research is applied and in terms of gathering information, it is part of quantitative research. The statistical population consisted of all the managers and experts supervising the procurement of 8 state banks that use public procurement policies, and the research questionnaires were distributed among 151 of them. Random cluster sampling was used to select the sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on a 5-option scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed in terms of form and content through experts, convergent validity through the calculation of average variance extracted (AVE) and divergent validity through the square root of AVE. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained through Cronbach's alpha for the entire questionnaire at 0.86. Cronbach's alpha tests (AVE), Kolmogorov-Smirnov and confirmatory factor analysis and smartpls3 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that the quality of laws and regulations has a positive and significant effect on the successful implementation of the procurement policy, and the special characteristics of state banks moderate the relationship between the quality of laws and regulations in the implementation of the policy.

This research intendes to investigate the moderating factors in the successful implementation of the procurement policy in Iran’s state-owned banks.

The research method was applied in terms of purpose and regarding data collection method, it was quantitative. The statistical population included all managers and experts in charge of procurement departments in eight state-owned banks using the country's public procurement policies. The sample size was composed of 151subjects. The researcher-made questionnaires were distributed among the participants after checking validity and reliability; meanwhile, stratified random sampling technique was applied to select the sample.

Path analysis shows that proper structure, effective management, professional competence of employees and quality of laws and regulations have a positive and significant effect on the successful implementation of the procurement policy. In addition, results show that electronic procurement, political turmoil and economic instability, social relations, external organizational supervision, and the intensity of competition moderate the relationships between independent and dependent variables according to the research model.

Originality:

 A large number of studies have been conducted on the success of policy implementation, but none presented a comprehensive framework in this regard. The findings of the current research have identified the factors influencing the successful implementation of the procurement policy in the public sector of Iran, which lacks theoretical precedent in the literature.

"Attitude" is the way a person perceives a particular phenomenon or subject, and of course the job attitude is the type of feeling a person has about a particular job; In this study, in order to investigate the effect of attitude on behaviors (normal and abnormal) in educational centers with an Islamic approach and in response to how this effect has been studied with a descriptive-analytical method; To collect information, library and documentary methods have been used and notes have been taken and the analysis of findings has been done with the method of "content analysis related to ijtihad analysis"; The results of studies in this study show that: 1. The main attitudes include beliefs of faith, blasphemy and hypocrisy, which as a system has input elements (cognitive element), process (emotional element) and output (behavioral element);2. The results of research show that when we pay attention to a subject in an educational institution and gain knowledge about it, the first cognitive component, namely faith, is achieved, and when it is biased and emotionally oriented in relation to its cognition. The cardiac component appears and finally we determine the quality of our scientific, educational and training behavior based on cognition and emotional orientation.3. Another achievement is the close relationship between the components of attitude and the normal or abnormal behavior of educational and scientific staff;4. In a general conclusion, it can be claimed that the attitudes of academic staff in educational institutions affect normal and abnormal behaviors.

In order to enable the application of the ijtihad method in the humanities, this article explores the leadership style in Islamic management, using Islamic teachings and based on ijtihad analysis. Findings of this study show that ijtihad method is a combined method that is related to the combined knowledge of management from the branches of humanities and the method of Islamic leadership as one of the subjects of humanities in the field of ijtihad method can be analyzed. Considering the ijtihad method in Islamic teachings, there are two categories of propositions, in both of which there is a part of Quranic propositions and a part of narrative propositions. Some of the first category statements directly depict the ruler or leader's relationship with followers and how they interact with them; However, some of these statements are general speeches that can be applied to the style of absolute softness; Therefore, it can be said that this category of propositions implies softness and absolute friendliness, and the second category of Qur'anic and narrative propositions emphasizes the mixing of softness with intensity of action; According to these two categories of propositions, according to the principles of jurisprudence and jurisprudence in the ijtihad method, it is possible to be in the position of a combination of propositions wherever a group of propositions (arguments) imply an absolute subject, at the same time a group Other propositions imply the same subject, carried absolute propositions to the constraint; What is more, according to the rule of "the plural is important, the first possibility of my plan", the arguments that are absolute can be carried on, so it can be inferred that in the leadership style, both flexibility and intensity of action are necessary; Hence, the result of ijtihad analysis is that leadership in Islamic management is a mixture of "maximum flexibility and minimum intensity."

This study seeks to examine the position and role of friendliness and tolerance as an important element of soft leadership in organizational sociability and how it was used by Imam Ali (AS) based on the statements collected from Nahj al-Balaghah, which is judged using a descriptive-analytical method. The study relates that with this description, the relationship between friendliness and tolerance with organizational sociability has been studied and the following conclusions have been obtained: The effect of friendliness and tolerance in the organizational training of forces; The effects of friendliness and tolerance in removing resentment and differences between forces in the organization and society; The role of flexibility in guiding forces on the right track; The effect of handing over power and ability in leadership; And the effects of camaraderie and tolerance on the empathy of the forces with the leadership. The limits of tolerance in accepting people based on the life of Imam Ali (AS) have been stated.

This research seeks to analyze the principles and strategies of leadership of Ayatollah Khamenei (daama izzuh) with a descriptive-analytical method in which he the library method and critical discourse analysis method have been used to collect information and to analyze the data respectively; The results of the research show that the great leader has important principles in his soft and hard fields of leadership. The most important principles in soft leadership include such things as Islamism, idealism and systematization with Islamic civilization; In addition, principles such as Islamic security and authority, territorial integrity, maintaining regional and global stability, and peace have been considered; In addition to these principles, he has soft strategies such as injecting spirituality and theism, insightful view of hostility, of the world, of depicting the power of deterrence, knowledge combined with self-purity and morality, and intelligent invitation to the pure consciences of the world, as well as hard strategies such as opposing arrogance, strategic depth and resistance economics.

In this research, the author aims to compare the leadership of Imam Rahel and the Supreme Leader based on kery walk model in responding to the nature of these leadership models with a descriptive-analytical method. Is ; The research findings show that Imam Rahel's leadership pattern is similar to that of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei; the results suggest that the two models share similar ideals in the system of thought, since both models are based on monotheistic principles and from the system. Islamic thought becomes Asharq While the models are different at the scene, Imam Rahel's leadership is modeled on the divine motivation, orbital duty, and democracy with soft leadership, but Ayatollah Khamenei's leadership is a combination of intelligent spiritual leadership. Soft and hard leadership is a model that has succeeded in current international conditions, so the overall result shows that the Supreme Leader's model has the dimensions, components, and soft leadership qualities that are based on Imam Rahel's leadership model. Leadership is soft, distinct. Keywords: Leadership, Islamic Leadership, Pattern, Imam Khomeini, Ayatollah Khamenei, Islamic politices Soft and hard leadership is a model that has succeeded in current international conditions, so the overall result shows that the Supreme Leader's model has the dimensions, components, and soft leadership qualities that are based on Imam Rahel's leadership model. Leadership is soft, distinct.

The present article has been conducted to analyze the model of maximum flexibility and minimum intensity in Imam Ali (AS) leadership; Islamic teachings, especially Alawite propositions, using the ijtihad method. Research findings show that leadership in the Alawite approach differs from the non-Islamic leadership based on their principles. By studying the Alawite teachings, two categories of propositions have been observed. One of these categories emphasizes the component of gentleness and absolute friendliness, and the other emphasizes the mixing of gentleness with the component of action. After summarizing, the results indicated that this model has two components of flexibility and intensity of action. Of course, the components of this model in the contingency continuum will have intensity and weakness.

This article examines the impact of socio-cultural components in Israel's relations with Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran from 2011 to 2020. In its foreign policy strategies, Israel has sought to play an important role in this component by recognizing that culture and social issues are the soft power. Meanwhile, Central Asia and the Caucasus, and especially countries such as Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, are the main centers of foreign policy in the cultural and social dimensions. Given this, the main question of the article is what effect did the cultural and social components of Israel's relations with Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan from 2011 to 2020 have on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In response to this hypothesis, it has been suggested that cultural and social components in Israel's relations with Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan, by trying to achieve normative-cultural separation, pose a threat to the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The results of the research show that from 2011 to 2020, Israel has played an important role in culture and social issues, and the main component of this country in terms of cultural and social influence is the use of Jews living in these countries, which tries to use this Capacity to threaten the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The type of research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies.

In its foreign policy doctrine, Israel attaches great importance to Central Asia and the Caucasus. Among these countries, the Republic of Azerbaijan is more important to Israel than other countries. Given this, the main question is that what effect has Israel's foreign relations with the Republic of Azerbaijan had on the political and security dimension of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the years 2011 to 2020? According to the main question, it has been hypothesized that the main basis of Israel's cooperation with the Republic of Azerbaijan in the political and security dimension during 2011-2020 will be the expansion of relations with this country in order to act on the periphery, which is the national security of the Islamic Republic. Has threatened Iran. Findings show that Israel's relations with the Republic of Azerbaijan from 2011 to 2020 in the political dimension by establishing spy bases and intelligence threats to the Islamic Republic of Iran and reducing Iran's influence in the region and in the military and security dimension by strengthening relations The military and security have posed a major threat to the country's national security. The research method in this dissertation is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies that try to analyze the data using Stephen Walt's threat balance theory.

This paper investigates the effect of different financial development indicators on life expectancy of men and women in developing countries using GMM method during 2000-2016. According to the results , the estimation of the effect of private sector lending facilities (as a percentage of GDP) , as one of the indicators of financial development , on the life expectancy of men and women in developing countries is positive and significant . The effect of money-to-GDP ratios , given its devastating inflationary impact on people's nutrition and health, has a negative impact on the life expectancy of men and women . The degree of openness of the economy in both models is positive and significant, indicating a positive effect of this variable on the life expectancy of men and women in developing countries . The coefficient of educational expenditure was not statistically significant in any of the models , so it cannot be stated that this variable affects the life expectancy status . The effect of health expenditures on life expectancy for men and women is positive and significant and indicates the positive impact of this variable through healthier workforce and improved productivity and thus economic growth on life expectancy .

In order to explain Ayatollah Khamenei’s role model, the writer has conducted and organized the research to provide an answer to the question about the nature of this role model drawing on the descriptive-analytic method. To collect data, the library research method has been used, and to make analysis of the data, content analysis method has been applied. The findings of the research show that Ayatollah Khamenei’s style of leadership is based on spiritual consciousness of a certain kind. On the basis of this research, the role model in question is of hardware constituents (hard leadership) and software constituents (soft leadership). The hard constituents of the conscious spiritual leadership in volves such things as military affairs, economy, and geographical and geopolitical conditions, and the soft constituents of this model include spirituality, theism, knowledge, technology, culture, politics, as well as interior and exterior security. It should be noted that Ayatollah Khamenei’s leadership in respect of soft leadership is based on the constituent of spirituality. None the less, hard leadership is considered as one of the implications of conscious spiritual leadership as far as the complications of the changes and developments at an international level are concerned.

The main objective of this study was to provide Pramipexole as an API in a simple high-efficiency method. Our efforts were focused in monopropylation of first order amines in the presence of a catalytic supported ionic liquid covalently bonded on a magnetic nanoparticle containing an anionic heteropolyacid. Various Lewis acids were studied as a catalyst; the best results were obtained using the polytungstophosphoric acid in water. The catalyst can be recovered with the heterogenization of anionic polyoxometalate in a supported ionic liquid covalently bonded on a solid magnetic nanoparticle. N-alkylation of more amines was carried out in the presence of the catalyst. In order to optimize the reaction conditions, various factors were investigated: the type and amount of catalyst, the catalyst recyclability, solvent, temperature, time, acidity, reaction yield, chemical reactants and their molar ratio. Analysis and identification of the synthesized nanoparticles were performed using FT-IR, XRD, and SEM. Finally, the results of the industrial phase were given to the TEMAD Pharmaceutical Co.

The purpose of this research is to look at the Alavi teachings and explain them through descriptive-analytical method. It also aims to answer this question that in the approach taken from the word of the Imam Ali (peace be upon him), what mechanism is there for the accountability of senior executives and managers in society, and what are the origins of the expectation of accountability in social interactions? The article begins with a discussion of the concept of oversight and accountability, and then discusses the goals of accountability in the public sector and its different types. Accountability goals can include effective tools for monitoring power, ensuring the proper use of national resources, and tools for enhancing public service management. At the same time, studies show that accountability based on the word of the Imam Ali (peace be upon him) includes accountability toward responsibility, accountability to the people, accountability to the public (property) and accountability to the performance.

Des lignées cellulaires diploïdes et continues sont utilisées dans la productiondes vaccins viraux. Au département des vaccins viraux humains du Razi Vaccine et du Serum Research Institute, la cellule diploïde MRC5 est utilisée pour la propagation de la rougeole atténuée vivante, des oreillons, de la rubéole et de trois types de vaccins antipoliomyélitiques. De plus, trois lignées cellulaires continues (RK13, Hela, vero) sont utilisées dans les tests de contrôle qualité. Parconséquent, la contamination croisée de cellule à cellule peut se produire dans les laboratoires de culture cellulaire et le contrôle de lidentité et la spécificité des cellules est essentiel. Limmunofluorescence indirecte représenteun test sensible, spécifique et simple pour lidentification des cellules. L’objectif de cetteétude était de développer untest dimmunofluorescence indirecte (IIF) interne. A cet effet, un sérum anti-MRC5 polyclonal a été produitchez le lapin et les anticorps réactifs aux cellules RK13, Hela et Vero ont été éliminés. Les lignées cellulaires diploïdes et continues ont été fixées sur une lame de Téflon en utilisant du méthanol froid et de lacétone. La reproductibilité du test IIF interne a été évaluée en utilisant le tst de concordance Kappa. La pureté des trois lots de cellules semencières MRC5, utilisés par ledépartement de vaccin viral humain de linstitut Razi, a été vérifiée en utilisant un test dimmunofluorescence indirecte et aucune contamination avec des lignées cellulaires continues na été détectée.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long been known as one of the most unspecified reasons for death around the world. This phenomenon has been under study for many years and yet questions remain due to its physiological, geometrical and computational complexity. Because of the limitations in experimental study on human head, the finite element human head model with precise geometric characteristics and mechanical properties is essential. In this study, the visco-hyperelastic parameters of bovine brain are extracted from experimental data and finite element simulations which are validated by experimental results. Then a 3D human head including brain, skull, and the meninges is modeled using CT-scan and MRI data of a 30-years old human. This model is named “Sharif University of Technology Head Trauma Model (SUTHTM)”. After validating SUTHTM, the model is then used to study the effect of G acceleration. Damage threshold based on consciousness in terms of acceleration and time duration is developed using HIC and Maximum Brain Pressure criteria. Results revealed that Max. Brain Pressure ≥ 3.1 KPa and HIC ≥ 30 are representative of loss of consciousness. Also, 3D domains for the loss of consciousness based on Max. Brain Pressure and HIC criteria are developed.