فهرست مطالب محمدمنصور فلامکی

Only difference exist in the language. It should not be unheeded that it is the difference which usually determines affirmative phrases where difference is counterbalanced in their intermediacy: but in the language only differences devoid of affirmative phrases exist. In the language, considering sign or signified, no concept or vocal could be found which had existed prior to the language, in lieu, only vocal or conceptual differences, engendered by the grammatological scheme, could be descried. The concept or the essence which the sign enfolds carries less significance than other signs which are encompassing it. The mere proof of this claim is that by changing its adjacent words, the value of a term could be altered and this is achieved without implementing a change in its own meaning or voice. What is of import in the post-structural critic of philosophers effected by de Saussure is his debased organization of though and not a sign-based one regarding the narrative of construction.

The spatial continuity and the connecting link between closed and open space, in the epistemological dimension, is like the journey of the soul between the posterior and the first world. After separation from the body, the soul continues to live in another world called "purgatory" or the world of "example" and "imagination" by belonging to the "ideal form". The purpose of this study is to express the semantic and cosmic relationship between open and closed architecture of architecture with the purgatory world as a level of existence, between the material world and the abstract. The research method used in this research is from library sources and from the descriptive-analytical method and studies of religious cosmology in expressing the content, with the aim of promoting the concept of thinking and imagination in the coexistence of architectural design. According to the findings of this study, the common denominator of the purgatory world and the semi-open space of architecture, from the perspective of knowledge and semantics, is the pillar of the path and the relationship between the temporal and terrestrial worlds. The semi-open space is in the position of the soul, which walks between the open space as the soul, and the closed space as the body. This is the way to reach perfection, where man becomes one with the great soul, and through it he returns and reaches his end.

The heritage of early modern architecture in the first Pahlavi era, represents the concept of identity in a new domain which could be attributed to discontinuity of traditional Iranian architecture. Historical architecture in the first Pahlavi era is one of the first attempts made to protract the identity of Iranian architecture in its new shape. The present study was an attempt to retrieve the roots and levels of the historical approach in the first Pahlavi era to explain how identity remains embedded in the modern architectural heritage of this era.

in the present qualitative study, a descriptive-analytical approach is used to decipher the relationship between the cultural values of modern architectural heritage and the concept of identity in architecture. Using relevant documents, the researcher has tried to explore the trend of architecture formation in the Pahlavi era. By studying library sources, the researcher has also tried to analyze the concept of identity in architecture as well as components affiliated with that. In the next step, an inferential approach is used to investigate the relationship between historicism and identity development in the modern architecture heritage and the results are used to analyze a series of selected buildings associated with the historicism current of the first Pahlavi era.

Imitative, schematic and conceptual historicism are three components of retrospective approach that are directly correlated with different levels of identity: formal, inferential and semantic.

In the architectural heritage of the first Pahlavi era, Identity is, from a historical perspective, formally transferred through a direct perception and objective adaptation to the attributes of historical architecture in Iran. In the wake of that, another group of buildings was formed, which transferred identity through content representation and as a result of indirect use of Iranian architectural elements and the refinement and abstraction of historical components. Despite emphasizing on similarities, these buildings actually depict a cultural distinction in architectural heritage of this era.

the issue of identity crisis rooted in the modern current has disturbed residential neighborhoods as urban units. the present study aims to investigate the roots of the identity crisis in residential neighborhoods, identify indicators of identity in historical residential neighborhoods (sample case study: Sang siah neighborhood of shiraz) to provide solutions for the renovation of identity in the new residential neighborhoods. this research is a practical - development and quantitative way of doing it. the theoretical framework was determined using library method and reviewing the specialized documents related to identity and residences, the assessment model of residential neighborhoods based on the criteria and the extracted criteria from theoretical studies were explained and determined to assess the range of study. to measure each of the criteria from the various interviews, objective observation, approach of attitude, review of writings, documents, analysis of maps and other experimental techniques. after collecting the questionnaires and scoring the answers, using SPSS and statistical methods like the Delphi method, the analysis was done. according to the research findings recognition of the identity of the Sang siah neighborhood as urban area (integration, permeability, readability) is located at a high level. This means that the textured of the Sang siah neighborhood is highly favourable from the physical point of view, but in terms of experts, some of the changes in the neighborhood have been exposed to danger in not far - reaching years as an example, it can be referred to the social integration that has been lost in this neighborhood. the recognition indicators of this neighborhood as settlements (security, comfort, tranquility and familiarity) also have a relatively proper average.in the distinction part,which is the next step of recognition, the neighborhood had received an acceptable score, and was finally considered as a locality with identity.

Place as opposed to the "outside" environment as an "inside" needs a clear boundary or definition to define itself, which must connect the inner world to the outside world with openings and create a transitional area that indicates the degree of continuity in Existential space. This study tries to investigate the components affecting the intertwining of semi-open architectural space in the residential body.

In the first part, the research method has been evaluated by examining the literature review in relation to the intertwining of place in semi-open architectural space and the components that lead to further reading of this semantic body. In the second part of the survey method and field studies; Used to prove research hypotheses. Research method in this study is a combined strategic type and the statistical population of architectural experts with a sample size of 215 people who have been selected by random classification sampling. Tests used in this study: Kruskal, Human-Whitney parametric test and correlation in SPSS21 software environment.

The semantic factor component and the physical factor component, by emphasizing the role of semi-open space as a mediator on the intertwining of inside and outside place in a residential space, can affect the continuity and continuity of architectural space.

The results show that the components of sensory perception and components of spatial perception are effective in semantic reading in the intertwining of semi-open architectural space in the body of residential space.

Training in architecture is one of the most controversial issues in educational and artistic centers around the world, as well as training in other fields of art. The structure of architectural education is formed around a nucleus called design. The most important mission of architectural education is to create comprehensive thinking that provides students with the ability to step into the process of architectural design. Ignoring student’s capabilities, tendencies, and conducting similar educational programs are Part of mistakes in teaching architectural design. The characteristics of design learners are the same as the characteristics of all human beings, which are classified as individual differences. It means that design learners differ in their ability, knowledge, insight, and transfer in design activities. It is not possible to provide a specific program for teaching the design process without gaining knowledge of the student’s differences in each educational group and without the required knowledge to guide the capabilities and improve the shortcomings. Thus, individual education seems necessary. This research seeks to provide a design process model based on learners’ differences and their corresponding educational model. The research method is Grounded Theory that seeks to construct a theory through exploration among architectural design instructor. Therefore, 100 questionnaires were distributed among the young teachers of the Islamic Azad University, and Theoretical saturation was obtained with 47 questionnaires fully answered, which is followed by the analyzed results. Through open coding, 83 pivotal followings of 9 major categories were produced, out of 472 Primary components, extracted from theoretical foundations and field studies which are: cognitive differences of the learner, objective mental processes, purposeful educational steps, learner-learner interaction, the formation of design personality, learner personality, adaptive structure of education, design system of thought and specialized empowerment. The core category was designated as a person-centered process after segregating in condition, interaction, and consequence field. The Person-centered design model was developed, using the constructive concepts of grounded theory and spiral paradigm of the design process, which is an action between Individual characteristics in terms of thought, creativity, knowledge, educational goals and experiential learning cycle, can be entered with any level of ability and any style of thinking and learning, but successful getting out of this spiral which has moved forward in time depends on individual abilities of designers. Actions between these components will form the main cycle of the design process, which are: thought, creation, and testing. The mentors’ mission is to recognize these characteristics, their growth, and developing them in line with the design goals. In the end, the educational strategies corresponding to the mentioned concepts were presented in the form of architectural design training models based on the cognitive differences of the designers. In the construction of this model, among the major categories obtained in the construction of contextual theory, 5 categories were used that are operational and can be planned and implemented by the learner. The other four categorizations are conditions, interactions, or hidden consequences in the model, which are inherent in the learner's nature or are acquired through teaching methods.

Social contexts are the most important areas for space users, and factors such as age, gender, and social class can be studied in this regard. Gender is a social category that has always been influenced by the culture of the community and changes over time and thus differs from the term sex, which refers to this from the point of view of biological and physical differences. Considering the sociality of gender, this paper seeks to study the relationship between gender and space along with the quality surveys of shopping malls as a public urban space so that it is possible to introduce a space with specific components, and also these components can be used in architectural design and as well as the needs of all gender groups in this space can be met. Since studies show that women’s needs are more important because of their responsibilities and limitations and because of their sensitivities, the space they deserve is suitable for both sexes. Therefore; this study focuses on the needs and perceptions of this group.The research method used is a qualitative research method in the form of case studies where Palladium Shopping Center in northern Tehran, Cyrus Shopping Center in the west of Tehran, Tirāgeh-2 Shopping Center in the east of Tehran and Reza Kuwaitis Passage in the south of Tehran have been investigated and observed. These shopping centers were selected in four geographical locations of Tehran for the reason that the results could be generalized to the whole city of Tehran.The results of the analysis of shopping malls space in Tehran provide some indicators that have been considered as effective factors in measuring the desirability and undesirability of space and measuring the effectiveness of space design. This level of space efficiency is one of the qualitative criteria for measuring space because each person seeks to meet their needs in the environment and when the environment provides the right conditions and the individual can do less effort to achieve his goals, it is a satisfaction and desirability for him/her, and the achievement of this feeling in the environment is the expectation that each person expects the space s/he desires.The results indicate that the qualitative components referred to, will cause different users to have different uses of space in terms of gender. But surveying shopping centers in Tehran shows that women are not passive while using space, and sometimes they resist the loss of their rights in urban areas and sometimes actively produce their own items. To create their needed security, they ignore some routes, choose other routes or visit the shopping center in a group. Whether they need to rest in spaces where this need is not foreseen, they use side steps or platforms next to space. These behaviors can be interpreted as the redefinition of space, which varies from person to person depending on their perception of space and their needs. Finally, if space is not reproducible and flexible for necessary uses, they will avoid attending the space.

Space creation is the product of architecture. After life, the space is recreated and redefined by users every day. Therefore, studying their social backgrounds, such as age, gender, and cultural sectors in space are of significant importance. One of these factors is gender, which is a social category and is affected by the culture governing the society. Gender is a social category that has always been influenced by the culture of the community and changes over time and thus differs from the term sex, which refers to this from the point of view of biological and physical differences. Considering the sociality of gender, this paper seeks to study the relationship between gender and space along with the quality surveys of shopping malls as a public urban space so that it is possible to introduce a space with specific components, and also these components can be used in architectural design and as well as the needs of all gender groups in this space can be met. Since studies show that women’s needs are more important because of their responsibilities and limitations and because of their sensitivities, the space they deserve is suitable for both sexes. Therefore; this study focuses on the needs and perceptions of both group to achieve their needs. This study was done using the qualitative grounded theory method. In order to do this study, 5 shopping centers in Tehran city were selected and assessed. In this study, observation and interviewing tools were used to measure the theoretical foundations of the observer and the users of shopping malls and to obtain the required categories of responses.observation and interview questions are formulated on the basis of theoretical framework components to assess the components from the perspective of space users and to provide concepts and categories that are needed by both gender groups to assess the needs of both groups in space. To achieve a model of the ideal space. The results obtained from the analysis of shopping centers in Tehran city present some indicators, which are considered as factors affecting the measurement of desirability and undesirability of space, and measured the efficiency of space design. According to the results, if the concepts resulting in the presented categories of perfectionism, spatial acceptance, persuading the continuity of the presence in space, recreation of comfort in space, and gender proportion in space are considered in design, the obtained design has reached gender balance and gender has been considered as a social factor in design issue, and each person can meet his/her need in space, and finally, by gender proportion of space, This level of space efficiency is one of the qualitative criteria for measuring space because each person seeks to meet their needs in the environment and when the environment provides the right conditions and the individual can do less effort to achieve his goals, it is a satisfaction and desirability for him/her, and the achievement of this feeling in the environment is the expectation that each person expects the space s/he desires.

The place is not a “neutral space”; its character is shaped by the way we feel, perceive, think, experience, and imagine it. The sense of belonging has been a necessary infrastructure for planning in human spaces; Physical environment and its effects on daily life of people is an issue which has been the focus of many expert's interests over recent years. Housing is a need that has different meanings in different natural and manmade environments, and each community has tailored its needs, talents, abilities, and limitations to its particular form. Housing areas to provide social development involved the environment around in addition to residential units, In other words, housing is not just a structure but an institution created to meet a complex set of goals, while neglecting the functionalism of modernist views of development, alienating the human, the city and architecture from a sense of alienation and mass production. Space-less and meaningless spaces have left the man in a state of inertia. The city of Kermanshah has not been ignorant of these conditions either. Overall, according to studies, 2015, only 3.48% of Kermanshah residential units were suitable conditions based on the overlap of all qualitative and quantitative layers in GIS. Therefore, this research seeks to identify the effective factors in residential design, to enhance the sense of place and answer the question What values and beliefs are important in forming ideas of belonging today?  That it should be noted that descriptive-analytic methodology, techniques of literature and sources review in the context of library studies, and field studies of representation were utilized to provide theoretical frameworks for strengthening the sense of belonging to the place. Initially, the study of the original houses of Kermanshah was studied. Iranian traditional houses have a kind of internal space structure based on religious and traditional ideas of Iranian families. These houses have manifested native-traditional models of the history of Iran which have originated from individual and collective cultures of the people, who have been formed, have grown, have been manifested and have reached perfection. Then, based on factors affecting sense of belonging, proportional to the subject, and based on a five-point Likert range, one was designed for teachers and designers in the field with 15 individuals and the other for Kermanshah citizens with 384 and distributed in summer 98. Eventually, statistical methods of structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis, and multiple linear regression model were used to determine the nature of the relationship between sense of belonging and place ranking factors by Amos software. The results show that Kermanshah citizens think that the most important factor in forming a sense of belonging in the residential space is " comfort and enjoyment with space " and then " cultural signs " and " vitality and visual quality ", but in designers' “ Space and how to access it " has the most impact on the sense of place. This analysis illustrates the gap between designers and users, which can be further consolidated through studies of this kind.

The collective unconscious psyche of humans consists of archetypes represented through their choices, rituals and their behaviors in symbolic forms. Architecture is one of the media that can be the incidence area of unconscious psyche archetypes by reflecting these symbols, and mother is one of the most important archetypes. The mother is more symbolic for the male gender, and the Iranian historical architecture is apparently a masculine arena. So, the pursuit of the representation of this archetype in the architecture of Iran is meaningful. The issue of this research is a psychoanalytic reading of Iranian historical architecture by finding the representation of the mother archetype in the works of Iranian historical architecture. The study of the works of Iranian historical architecture often includes theological, technical, historical criticisms or decoding of visual symbols based on religious culture; whose foundations are mostly wisdom-oriented. Therefore, the gap of psychoanalytic criticisms is evident in Iran›s architecture. The aim of this research is to investigate the fundamental concepts of the Iranian historical architecture by taking an interdisciplinary approach and providing new perspectives beyond the general view of the research so far done.Question: How has the Iranian architecture been influenced by the collective unconscious? What arerepresentations of the mother archetype in Iranian architecture? Qualitative and fundamental research is based on descriptive-analytic method. Data have been collected based on documentary and library studies. The research suggests that the notion of the motherland is the source of holiness in the unconsciousness of Iranians and, the mother archetype in Jung’s signs have been appeared in the architectural spaces through the blending of these spaces with the earth and its complications.

Researching in the area of designing process as the core of architectural education has attracted researchers and instructors attention in recent decades. Almost, in all of the architectural design educational methods students have been considered similar, therefore educational steps present and follow as the same. In fact, personal characteristics of the students who are studying architectural design have been categorized based on their individual differences, exactly in the same way that human characteristics have been categorized. In other words, these students are different in their abilities, knowledge, insights, and transferring them into designing activities. Assuming that join training programs ignore both the development of students’ skills and their creativity improvement, this article is going to prove that architectural design education depends on the learner and his/her individual characteristics and the teacher would not be able to choose a proper method for educating without considering and understanding these criteria. There are different components in the assessment of the individual differences of learners, among them learning styles have been selected as an indicator of individual differences to be investigated in this paper, due to its importance and impact on the architectural education. In addition, creative thinking factor as an indicator which is associated with the learning style will be examined regarding its effect on reaching success in the complex design process which is the subject of the education and learning procedure in this article. Different learning styles for the designing students can be categorized into Convergence, Divergence, Assimilator and Adaptive that each of which is a combination of different skill levels of learning styles. After studying architectural education and educational psychology fields, standard tests (Torrance Creativity Test, Torrance Creative Thinking Test and Kolb’s Learning Style Questionnaire) conducted in order to study and analyze the students' cognitive differences. Target society surveyed through random cluster sampling among students who have attended to the Architectural Design 2 course, in the Islamic Azad University. The aforementioned course has been chosen because at this level the designer's personality has not been formed completely and his/her responses have not been influenced by the possible ways that teachers use in the design courses and they just have learned some basics of designing in the Architectural Design 1 course. The research continued based on three hypotheses: 1- architectural students’ learning styles are different. 2- architectural students' creativity level differs according to their learning styles. 3- The creative thinking of architectural students varies according to their learning styles. Research hypothesis test was carried out through Chi-square test and one-way variance analysis in SPSS software and proved research hypothesis. The results show that each student has a unique level of creativity and a certain style of learning and student’s creativity and creative thinking level vary according to the students' learning styles. It is important to know and understand every student weakness in each section of creativity (Fluency, Flexibility, Originality, and Elaboration) as well as the skills of learning styles (Concrete Experience, Abstract Conceptualization, Active Experimentation and Reflective Observation), to define individual solutions in order to reinforce components proportionate to their inefficiency in each section. Hence, guiding students in the Design courses requires recognizing individual differences and providing different educational approaches which depend on the expertise and knowledge of instructor in the field of architectural education. Consequently, with respect to the existence of individual differences the Architectural Design instructor should deal with the students one by one depends on their specific characteristics.

Architecture and art is the best form of emergence of human attitude towards religious rituals and importance such rituals hold. In ancient Persia one of the most significant ritualistic foundations to form the space has been Mithraic beliefs. The importance of architectural design in Mithraic temples is presented in various periods of art and architecture in Iran and other parts of the globe based on the complexity of Mithraic mysteries. The art affected by Mithraism has been transformed in the passage of time into distinct meaning. Although, astrology and studying the heavenly bodies has been a very major issue among the followers, but in general studies on the Mithraic temples always taken place with a focus on interior architectural design of the Mithraeum, and unfortunately the external environment of the temple and natural elements are missing in previous studies. Purpose of presents study is to survey and evaluate the Mithraic temple appearance based on the available documents and buildings identified up to the present day. According to the explanatory-descriptive survey research methods and studying the ritualistic evidences and available papers and articles, and eventually, evaluating the Mithraic temple appearance we got to the conclusion that despite the fundamental structural changes in Mithraic temples from cave temples into underground Mithraeums in various parts of the world and in long periods of time, the general axis of design in Mithraic temples is the nocturnal landscape.

The paper focuses on the design subject. The matter of what is design and how it is work has always been the concern of theorists and researchers. In the meantime, it is a significant issue that rather than the existence of a single theory, we have a variety of views and context of the attitude. When uncertainty arises, we are confronted with a phenomenon that is not linear and cannot be perceived just through the logic. Some find metaphysical aspects, some have examined unconscious from the psychological point of view and others have a mystical look at the issue. As a designer and audience, this unknown aspect of design can be mysterious, stimulant, frightening, or enjoyable. Design as creativity arises from designer’s individual physical and mental world, it is created by imagination, measured by science, and once again returns to the imagination. A set of internal and external components is involved in design. Recognizing this design space and its transformation is what matters to us. An approach is process-centered. In addition to studies on the characteristics of physical space, mental space’s characteristics are also should be studied. We consider this mental space to be the same as the imaginary space of the designer. Direct access to the imagination mechanism is impossible, but we can try to explain its effectiveness on the structural levels. The research method is a synthesis of narrative and hermeneutic-phenomenological analysis.it is process-oriented and focuses on the design process. The research is based on a set of connections and interactions. creativity should be relying on the imagination. It is a lovely escape with no limits. in imagination, everything is possible. It is an experience of freedom. Everyone’s having a unique imaginary space that is quite different from others. A series of individual elements forms the characteristics of this space. in a design process, designer flows in continuous transition between this imaginative space and physical space.

This is a phenomenological study in which phenomenology of time has been accomplished to achieve a theory in the field of restoration and conservation of cultural heritage. The time based on the views of thinkers is considered as the fourth dimension and the principle of the existence of objects, including the principle of the existence of cultural heritage. The main problem of research is that time as the fourth dimension in cultural heritage how can be distinguished and investigated and what is its function in restoration process. For solving this problem the phenomenological methodology is applied. Accordingly, time through event, material culture, place, human and the layers of frazzle in historical and cultural works can be appear and constitute in human consciousness. On the basis of the fundamental relationship of time with the principle of the existence of cultural heritage, it as much as possible the protection of the layers of extinction in historical works as an accumulation of the now layers have been emphasized. Measurement and study of the technology of the layers of historical works and burnout created during the transit of time on the level of historical and cultural monuments based on the principles of temporal of material and its relation to motion and change, the possibility of timeliness studies and pathological analysis in historical and cultural works has been provided. Also, studying and identifying the burnout layers in addition to evidence of time can be effective in choosing appropriate and optimal methods for conservation and restoration in order to preserve the durability of historical and cultural monuments. The phenomenology of time in the field of conservation and restoration of historical and cultural monuments, targeting human beings on its theoretical horizon, answering fundamental questions in the postmodern conservation and restoration, and beyond ordinary studies within the scope of the material analysis of monuments, provides the conservation and restoration with humanity and ultra-material analysis status. Based on the phenomenological method of time, focusing on the concept of event and material culture and their fundamental relationship with time, the preservation and restoration of historical and cultural remnants of the past is in fact the protection and maintenance of time. According to this research, the time in the four stages of the production of historical works, the time elapsed for the historical work as its life, and the time of encountering the historical monuments with consciousness of the restorer, and based on the subjective concepts of time like embodiment and material culture, the human time. Each of which, in the theory of the phenomenology of time has its own particular study position, and when the historical and cultural monuments encounter with the consciousness of the restorer, it is a methodological moment, the moment in which understanding takes place. Understanding the past in terms of the historical and cultural monuments left by it at the present time when this understanding initiates the process of conservation and restoration of these monuments in order to transfer past through the present to the future and coexisting past with the future.

Statement of Problem: The confrontation of restoration and truth oriented to the problem of time is investigated in this article. With the erosion of the work in the environment based on the type of inorganic or organic matter, a question arises for the restorer, how is the truth evaluated in the worn-out work? The challenge of the existence of the work in the past, or its current state of deterioration as a truth, is a problem which the restoration always faces, and responding to it by time analysis can determine the approach and the selection of conservation method for the work’s survival. the current study aims to create a time oriented theory for determining the position of the truth of the work as an entity in the present or the past.
Research In this research, truth has been studied based on the theories of time, with the theoretical foundations of phenomenology. Accordingly, the truth hidden in the mask of the material of the work related to the human existence, and from other aspects, the truth as the existence of the work in the past or its current condition in the present has been discussed. With the phenomenological view, the dependence of truth on the human existence gives to the work a protective status. In addition, the theory proposed in this article determines the truth of the work as an existence in the present or past, based on time theories and can create the theoretical foundations for selecting suitable restoration methods to optimally protect and maintain the work. By accepting the theory of dynamic time, there is no past; there is only present time, and the truth consists in the entire existence of the work in the present, not a thing left in the past, that, by eliminating the surface layers of the work, the restoration pursuits it; the totality of the existence of the work in the present is conserved and maintained for transmission to the future. In the theory of static time, with a chronological look at time, there is past, and the truth of the work is its past. With a reference to valid documentation, the existence of the past of the work is restored in the present

The issues of "functions", "activities" and "physical planning" on the one hand, and creation of bold and extraordinary form from the other hand, has become the main problem of designing human environments in schools of architecture & professional spaces, so the question of the design process and the nature of it, regardless of the final product, the less is considered. With the adoption of this fact that design and creation of the human environment is a multidisciplinary, multilayer and complex problem, concerning about the past, present and future, based on the historical-cultural-socio-economic-political context of design, make a question of the nature of design, design process, its components, definition of good architecture, in a time that most path of design has been entrusted to the computers and artificial intelligence, is so important. In this research, which is conducted using qualitative discourse analysis, while answering the research questions, presented a model of the design process of the human environment, both in design process and creating product, and also use of the project and encountering to it, while responding to the physical needs of users, and even their psychological needs in terms of desirability responding to expectations, provide a field of conformity of the project with archetypes, myths, and imagination of users and take effective steps in creating a favorable environment. Results show that criteria for the diagnosis of design problem include five aspects: 1. Value (meaning): respect to social values, 2. Creating new values: based on social values form imagination world, 3. Passing through the design process up to the last step in the direction of the mentioned values, 4. Public participation in the design process: engaging the community and the world of dreams and their memories in the design process and to design a new phenomenon, 5. To maintain quality over time to fully implement the project.

The confusion in the physical form of the architecture of Tehran today is an obvious fact, even for inexpert spectators. But some fundamental questions arise here: which of the academic disciplines should explain this confusion? Is it the duty of architecture and urbanism, or that of sociology and cultural studies? Should the political economy of Tehran explain this confusion, or should the pathology of urban management do the job? It seems that an understanding of this problematic cannot be obtained within the confines of each of the above-mentioned disciplines alone, but to understand the nature of this situation we need to adopt an interdisciplinary approach. So, in this article we attempt to take the confusion of the physical form in the architecture of Tehran today into consideration from the point of view of sociological and cultural studies. We think this approach is more useful than the disciplinary approach in discovering the nature of the problematic. In this article we attempt to analyze the relationship between the physical form of the architecture of Tehran today and the cultural and sociological elements. In other words, we want to show that more than being an element dependent on the aesthetic taste or the requirements of architecture engineering, the chaotic change in the architecture of Tehran today is a variable dependent on some cultural and sociological elements.

What we know today as architectural semiotics sub-field of semiotics and art in its shadow, no independent representation. Based on the theoretical concepts of architecture and alignment with the ideology of linguistic and semiotic need to explain the evident architectural semiotics explains. In this paper we analyzed the relationship between architecture and semiotics. Each social context (such as architecture), which carries a set of messages and relationships within the text by codes transmitted to the audience. These symptoms are encoded by the creator and reader (audience) on the basis of the social contract, subjective perception and point of view to decode the meaning of the text (Architecture) tries. Structuralist and post-structuralist semiotics provides two views. Signs to direct structural relationship between text and meaning are known. In contrast, post-structuralist semioticians, indirect relationship between text and knowledge and to explore the implication of their relations; in this paper, theories of semiotics, reading Architecture (text) from two perspectives about the analogy has been mentioned. The main focus of research on the meaning of architectural representation, which is composed of multiple layers of meaning, is. Meaning layers of float design and metaphorically, ironically, reflections and so on are intimate. Semiotic reading of architecture, to reproduce plan is based on the relationship between film and audience perceptions are based.