فهرست مطالب نازنین راسخ

The current research was designed with the aim of designing a research literacy development model for physical education teachers of the Ministry of Education. The current research was one of the mixed researches that was conducted using qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part, the participants included 15 experts who are knowledgeable about the research topic. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included all physical education teachers in Hamadan city, whose number included 350 teachers. According to Morgan's table, 186 people were identified as samples. The tools of the current research included interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire with 37 questions. The validity of this questionnaire was checked and confirmed by the opinions of some university professors. The reliability of this questionnaire was determined to be 0.85. In order to analyze the data of this research, SPSS and PLS software were used. The results of the research showed that among the identified factors, the database was identified as the most important factor with an impact of 0.896. Also, the results of the current research indicated that the factor of management flows with an impact of 0.890 and also the factor of technical issues with an impact of 0.840 are among the identified factors. In other words, paying attention to database, managerial and technical issues can provide a serious basis for improving research literacy.

(The present research was conducted with the purpose of building and validating the questionnaire of emerging sports media.) (The method of the current research was descriptive of the correlation type and confirmatory factor analysis type, and it was also practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research consisted of all experts and experts in the field of sports and media with a bachelor's degree or higher in the year 1400. A simple number of 384 people (with emphasis on the adequacy of the Cochran sample size formula) was selected as a statistical sample.) (The results showed that the newly developed sports media questionnaire has 62 questions and 7 components (information, social participation, educational nature, culture building, media independence, legitimacy and motivational nature) and in terms of psychometric It has good reliability, validity and fit.) (Considering the importance of emerging sports media, factor analysis questionnaire of emerging sports media can be used for identification and studies related to emerging sports media.)

The media is considered as one of the most influential factors in attracting viewers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of emerging media in relation to the Iranian Football Premier League with a 360-degree approach. This research is based on a quantitative method, based on exploratory implementation path and applied purpose. Participants included all experts in sports management and media management, and in a small part included all football coaches, football managers, players, referees, journalists in football leagues and media communication experts, as well as the audience of the country's Premier Football League, which numbered 384 people (with emphasis on Sample adequacy were the formula for determining the sample size of Cochran). The sampling method in this study was stratified random. Data collection tools included a researcher-made questionnaire evaluating the performance of emerging media in relation to the Premier Football League. The construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by heuristic factor analysis and hybrid reliability and Cronbach's alpha of the instrument using structural equation method. Data analysis was performed using one-sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance and modeling based on SLPS software. Based on the obtained results, considering the three values of 0.02, 0.15 and 0.35 as values indicating the predictive power of the model for GoF, the calculated value of 0.563 indicates a strong overall fit of the model.

The current research was designed and implemented with the aim of designing a model for the development of communication literacy of physical education teachers. The current research was mixed in terms of the practical purpose and the method of data collection. The statistical community of the qualitative part of this research was made up of elites and experts knowledgeable about the subject of the research, and in the quantitative part; Also, the statistical population included physical education teachers of Hamadan city. The tools of the current research included questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. In order to review the data of the qualitative part, coding according to the foundation data method based on the Strauss and Corbin approach was used, and in the quantitative part, the method of structural equations was used. All data analysis process of this research was done in SPSS version 20 and Smart PLS version 2 software. Also, the results showed that the strategies of this field include managerial, social and occupational strategies. The research results showed that in order to develop communication literacy among physical education teachers; There is a need to create background factors including the development of individual, environmental, nature, technology, educational and management issues. Also, the implementation of this model can have personal, occupational and social consequences. Therefore, in order to develop communication literacy, serious activities should be carried out, including enriching in-service courses based on communication literacy, creating advisory chairs, and also creating job guidelines to develop communication literacy of physical education teachers.

Accountability is one of the perquisites of modern governance today, so the main purpose of this study was to investigate the accountability system in physical education departments and higher education institutions, and to design a productivity management model based on accountability.

This research work adopted a mixed methology (qualitative-quantitative), and falls into the category of applied research in terms of its objective. The statistical population of the research work in the qualitative section consisted of practicing and academic experts in universities at their departments of physical education and in higher education institutions; and in the quantitative section, it consisted of the all heads and deputies at the General Department of Physical Education of the Student Affairs Organization (86 individuals) and deputies and senior experts at the physical education departments in universities and higher education institutions (31 provinces), who were identified and selected through the cluster-sampling method. In the qualitative section, the authors conducted a systematic analysis based on the grounded theory (Strauss and Corbin's paradigm model, 2006). In the quantitative section, the authors developed a questionnaire based on the findings of the qualitative section, and after confirming the construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis, examined the fit of the obtained quantitative model based on structural equation modeling using the Smart PLS software.

Inefficiency of the accountability system in physical education departments and higher education institutions is evident. The results helped identify causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, strategies, and outcomes related to the productivity model based on the accountability system. The causal factors addressed the inefficiency of systems, organizational aspects, work autonomy, work support aspects, inefficiency, financial aspects, and lack of institutional accountability. The contextual factors addressed the technical, human, and cultural aspects. The intervening factors addressed structural conditions, infrastructures, and the accountability process. Taking initiatives such as micro-, mid-, and macro-level strategies could pave the way to achieving outcomes such as transparency, improved performance, higher degrees of trust, enhanced motivation, greater effectiveness of the measures, and to prevent loss of resources and capabilities.

Reorganization of the administrative system of the physical education departments and higher education institutions, development of individual and organizational accountability, training of human resources and meritocracy, development of an accountability culture in the organization, and attention to infrastructures and financial aspects are among the practical research suggestions.

The aim of the current research is to investigate the development of research literacy of physical education teachers of the Ministry of Education using future studies.

The type of research is applied and analytical-exploratory in nature. The statistical population included selected professor’s familiar with research literacy, elite physical education teachers with doctoral education, and physical education managers (24 people). Purposive sampling method was used to select research samples. Sampling continued until theoretical saturation was reached and finally 24 people were selected as a sample. Then, 15 people from the statistical population of the previous section declared their readiness to perform cross effects analysis. To analyze the data, the combined methods of expert panel and cross- Mikomak effects were used.

The findings showed that, respectively, training on the use of research literacy in teaching physical education, using appropriate motivational methods such as increasing salaries and benefits, improving the rating level, presenting plaques and letters of appreciation, setting up workshops educational activities for the purpose of developing research literacy and formulating a short-term, long-term and strategic plan for the purpose of developing the research literacy of physical education teachers is one of the most important drivers of the development of research literacy of physical education teachers of the Ministry of Education;

Therefore, it can be concluded that the physical education teachers of the Ministry of Education have a better management of the teaching and learning process by using research literacy.

The purpose of this study was to design and develop a model of legal dimensions of economic crimes in professional sport. The method of the study was mixed. The statistical population in the qualitative part included the elites of the economic and legal field in sports, which was done using purposive sampling method and theoretical saturation technique. In addition to the economic and legal elites in sports, the statistical population of this study includes some senior managers of public and private sports organizations in Iran, including managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, sports federations and municipal sports organizations, as well as some senior managers of clubs. Iranian professionals, which included 276 people. Data collection tools in the study included a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by examining the opinions of experts, the validity of the structure using factor analysis test and also its reliability according to the calculation of Cronbach's alpha (total alpha = 0.85). The results showed that in the qualitative part, which was done through content analysis and open, axial and selective coding in the form of five general components of causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, main phenomenon, actions and consequences. Also, the quantitative results of the research showed that the amount of T corresponding to each factor has a significant effect and the whole framework of the legal dimensions of economic crimes in professional sports was approved and the research model has a good fit.

The aim of the psychometric research was to assess the communication literacy questionnaire among physical education students at Payame Noor University. The research was conducted using a descriptive-survey method, with a developmental objective, and in a field setting. The statistical population consisted of undergraduate physical education students at Payame Noor University (99-98), and a sample of 250 individuals completed the research tool in a non-random accessible manner. A researcher-made questionnaire about the components and indicators of communication literacy was used to collect the data. The validity of the questionnaire structure was confirmed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and its convergent and discriminant validity, as well as reliability, were assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and various fit indices (absolute, relative, and parsimonious). The findings indicated that communication literacy is measurable through three constructs: "sensory, specialized, and relational levels." The sensory construct is measurable with five skill indicators: "observation, listening, smelling, tasting, and touching." The specialized construct is assessable with fifteen skills: "speaking, writing, body language, reading, working with communication technologies, intercultural literacy, advertising literacy, civic literacy, organizational communication, public relations, international relations, emotional intelligence, financial, commercial, and communication research." The relational level construct is also measurable with five communication skill indicators: "intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, public, and transpersonal." Ultimately, it can be concluded that the communication literacy questionnaire is an effective tool for assessing the communication levels of undergraduate physical education students, considering the group nature of the physical education field. With the necessary training, it can lead to improving and developing the understanding and comprehension of various communication methods within the targeted community.

The purpose of this study is to identify the marketing strategies of the Fencing Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the 7Ps model. This study uses a qualitative research methodology as adopted by strategy-based research and falls into the category of applied research. In this research, a marketing strategy plan was developed for the Fencing Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran by reviewing expert opinions and upstream documents, and by analyzing related matrices. In this line, the 7Ps marketing mix was considered, which include Product (or service), Price, Promotion, Place, People, Process and Physical environment. The statistical population of the research was selected to form a group of experts based on the purposive sampling method, thus comprising of experts in the field of developing strategic marketing plans and executives consisting of the president of the Federation, vice-president of the Federation, vice-president of the Women’s Department, the general secretary of the Federation, a member of the board of the Federation, the international relations director, the representative of athletes and national teams, the representative of the coaches' committee, the representative of the referees' committee, the legal advisor, the public relations officer, the senior advisor, the coach, the ceremonies officer, and the treasurer. The study data was collected by reviewing documentary and library studies, and conducting semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Internal and external analyses were used to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Based on the SWOT analysis, a total of 19 strategies were identified including 3 strategies related to the product dimension, 3 strategies related to the price dimension, 4 strategies related to the dimension of promotion, 2 strategies related to the dimension of place, 2 strategies related to the dimension of people and human resources, 3 strategies related to the dimension of the process of offering goods/services, and 2 strategies related to the dimension of the physical environment. Then, the pertinent strategies were sorted by determining the strategic significance of each dimension and according to its position in one of the four areas (i.e., ST, SO, WO, WT). A notable point to consider with regard to marketing in sports organizations, which managers should recognize, is that marketing in a sports organization, particularly one that is focused on the Olympics games, tends to be leaned more toward the community than profit-making, due to the values that promote fair play and friendship. For this reason, the marketing particulars of every sports organization should be specific to that organization. As a result, this study adopted the "strategic marketing" approach to explore the organizational environment of the Fencing Federation, its stakeholders, and the existing structures in its internal and external environments.

The present study was designed and implemented with the aim of designing a paradigm model of strategic alignment in Iran's sport federations. In the qualitative section, the statistical population includes prominent sports professors with a history of working in sports federations and some managers of selected sports federations, and in the quantitative section, it included the managers and employees of sports federations. In the qualitative section, 15 participants were selected through purposive sampling, and in the quantitative section, 176 participants were selected through random convenience sampling. In this study, the data collection tools were the semi-structured interviews and the researcher-made questionnaires. The present study applied the grounded theory approach in the qualitative section and the structural equation method in the quantitative section to analyze the data using SmartPLS software. The qualitative section found that the items were grouped in 9 categories and 43 concept codes within six dimensions of the paradigm model. The quantitative section found that all six primary components of the study had an appropriate fit; therefore, in total, the study model had a good fit. Also, the relations in the research model were confirmed (t value greater than 1.96). Since strategic alignment in sports federations can significantly influence all aspects of sports development in the country, it is recommended that the necessary measures be taken based on the proposed model to increase strategic alignment in sports federations.

The purpose of this study was to develop strategies for the Iranian Fencing Federation based on the AHP-SCORE approach. The present research is purpose-based, applied; Based on strategy, it is a combination (qualitative-quantitative) and based on implementation path, it is based on strategic studies. Using library studies, review of upstream documents and opinions of the Strategic Council of the Fencing Federation, key areas of performance for the Fencing Federation were identified. Using library methods and the views of the Strategic Council, the internal and external environment of the federation was analyzed separately for key areas. Then, for each of the key areas of performance, the quality expectations or goals of the federation in each area were identified and prioritized. Based on the obtained environmental analysis, the strategies were identified and all of them were prioritized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method.

Athelte abuse is an under-researched topic and a major and growing concern worldwide, because this phenomenon has increased terribly in the last two decades in all sports and at all sports levels. In this regard, the aim of the current research work was to identify and explain the dimensions of abuse in sports (a study of Iran's national athletes).

The current research method is qualitative and in the form of thematic analysis, and the statistical population includes experts in the field of national athletes. The sampling method was purposeful and a semi-structured interview was conducted with 18 participants until theoretical saturation. Coding technique was used to analyze the data.

The findings of the research work indicate that the conceptual framework of abuse of athletes includes five main themes of types of abuse, causes and triggers of abuse, individual roles of abuse, platforms of abuse and consequences of abuse of athletes, which have 16 sub-themes and they include 131 concepts.

The results of this research work have provided important applications in both theoretical and practical parts. On the one hand, it is the first study conducted in the field of abuse of athletes and it has solved a part of the huge gap in this field in domestic research, and on the other hand, it is a coherent view about the concept of abuse, roles, people, factors, conditions, has presented the bases and consequences of the abuse of national athletes and has brought a wide range of necessary measures to reduce, control and manage the factors of this phenomenon.

The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of an advertising literacy questionnaire from the viewpoint of high school physical education teachers as the audience in the city of Drood.

The research method is applied in terms of purpose and employs a quantitative strategy and uses a descriptive procedure based on the structural equation method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the K-12 and high school first and second grade teachers of Drood, Lorestan Province (N = 200). In addition, it should be noted that the total population method of sampling was conducted. The measurement instrument is Malmelin’s (2010) Advertising Literacy Questionnaire, which was appraised for validity in the Iranian society. Descriptive indices and statistical tests were used to analyze the data, while the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used to determine reliability and convergent/divergent validity, and lastly the confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine construct validity.

The results of this study showed a desirable fitting of the dimensions of the advertising literacy model from the viewpoints of the audience, such that in terms of construct validity and significance levels, all items had a significant relationship with the factors and were able to serve as good predictive factors. Furthermore, it was found that based on the Cronbach's alpha values and combined reliability, the questionnaire components had acceptable reliability

As a result of this confirmation in the present study, we can conclude that this questionnaire can be used to examine the state, order and priority of its items according to the customers. Finally, teachers as social contacts would be able to develop Sport advertising plans and evaluate their effectiveness based on obtained results. Keywords: Physical Education teachers, information literacy, visual literacy in the arts, rhetorical literacy, advertising literacy.

The purpose of this study was to develop a strategic map for the Fencing Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran using a balanced scorecard.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and takes a descriptive approach. In addition, it falls into the category of organizational studies. The statistical population consisted of 20 members of the general assembly of the federation and specialists in this field, and the statistical sample was selected as total. To design a strategy map the method of Balance Score Card (BSC) was used.

The results showed that there were three strategies in the financial perspective, two strategies in the customer perspective, one strategy in the internal process perspective, and four strategies in the growth and learning perspective. In addition, 25 in the financial perspective, 30 measures in the customer perspective, 3 measures in the internal process perspective, and 30 measures, were identified.

The results showed that what was obtained as a result of verifying the measurements was a measure for evaluating the performance of the Fencing Federation, through which they could achieve the strategic goals of the organization.

Kish Island, with its special geographical characteristics, is the only tourist area among all Iranian islands that has received particular attention in all eras. Women should be considered for the tourism industry development due to specific gender restrictions. The current research aims to "identify the factors influencing the development of sports tourism in Kish Island with an emphasis on women's recreational sports.” The research was a mixed study conducted using qualitative and quantitative studies. To identify the factors affecting the development of sports tourism, semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts, experts in the field of sport and tourism in Kish, and university professors. The result of this phase was identifying the influential factor, which became a structured questionnaire. Before distributing the questionnaire, its validity, and reliability were first determined. Then the questionnaires were completed by 80 experts working in tourism, sports, and women participating in sports-recreational games in Kish Island. In total, five factors (individual, contextual, organizational, partnership, and service management), 13 dimensions (demographic, psychological and behavioral, structural, infrastructural, policy and planning, organization, distribution and supply of services, needs assessment, sports events and coverage, sports attractions, human resources, financial resources, technology, and knowledge) and 46 components were identified. The analysis of the structural model showed that all identified factors have an impact on the development of sports tourism in Kish Island. Managerial factors were the most important, and individual factors were the least important.

The purpose of this study is to present a model for the development of sports startups in Iran. The present study was descriptive-survey in terms of applied purpose, in terms of data collection method and was conducted in a mixed manner. In the first stage, the qualitative method of content analysis was used to construct the model and the quantitative descriptive-analytical method was used to test the model and the correlation type based on the structural equation model was used. In the first part (qualitative) for conducting field interviews, the statistical population of the research were prominent professors in the field of sports management specializing in startups as well as entrepreneurial professors who were purposefully selected for qualitative interviews on the subject of research (13 interviews with 13 people and continued to the point of theoretical saturation) and in the second part (quantitative) after collecting the information obtained from the quality part, made a questionnaire and this questionnaire (59 items and 8 core codes) among all employees and managers of startups ‌ Sports items were distributed (84 people). According to T values (more than 2.58), it was found that at the level of 0.99, each of the components of innovative nature, market knowledge, organizational, technological, environmental, team management, individual and human, respectively Factors affecting the development of sports startups in Iran.

Leadership is one of the most important pillars in global competition, and creativity and innovation are valuable resources for gaining a competitive advantage in this field. The aim of the present study was to determine the correlation of genuine leadership, individual creativity and gaining competitive advantage by explaining the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Tehran in 2020.

The method of this research is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study was the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Tehran in 2020 with 890 people, the number of research samples was equal to 485 people was determined by simple random method by lottery type. Data collection instruments were demographic questionnaire, "Authentic Leadership Questionnaire", "Rand Sip's Creativity Questionnaire", "Competitive Advantage Questionnaire" and "Psychological Empowerment Scale". Face validity and reliability were verified by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient of instruments. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. 20 and Amos .16.

Genuine leadership has a positive and significant correlation with employee creativity (0.47) and gaining a competitive advantage (0.47). Also, there is a significant correlation between genuine leadership and psychological empowerment (0.54). On the other hand, psychological empowerment as a mediating variable has a positive and significant correlation with creativity (0.37) and gaining a competitive advantage (0.70). 

Genuine leadership and psychological empowerment correlate positively, meaningfully with creativity and gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, it is suggested that the Ministry of Sports and Youth use programs that empower and strengthen the creativity of employees.

The purpose of this study was to validate and standardize sport product advertising questionnaire using social media. The research method was a descriptive correlational one which, in terms of practical purpose, exploratory in nature, and field collection method. The statistical population of this study consisted of athletes from different fields of sport (N = 1600), out of whom 311 were selected as statistical sample using Morgan table. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire, consisting of 70 questions with a 5-point Likert scale (very low to very high), with structural and creative components of advertising, information and awareness, customer relationship, customer service, factors Environmental, individual factors, usage constraints, applied constraints, branding and accreditation, customer interaction, capacity building, socio-cultural and sociological development, marketing-economic development and purchasing and competitive advantage were used. Descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) were used for data analysis using SPSS software version 25 and Amos version 24 software. The face validity and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by sport management professors, and the reliability of the questionnaire was reported based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.7. Based on the results of factor analysis, causal indices, contextual factors, confounding factors, strategies and outcomes were identified, and the model was well-fitted.

The purpose of this study was to provide a structural interpretive study of the legal dimensions of economic crime in professional sport.

The purpose of this study was applied and in terms of data collection the next step is to identify the pattern of causal relationships between them. In this study, after identifying study dimensions and indicators, the relationships between dimensions and indicators have been identified. To reflect the internal relationships among the main criteria, 21 experts based on ISM were used.

The results showed that the final model obtained in this study consists of 7 levels. Then, using the influence of these factors together, it is clear in the second diagram that the criterion of situational prevention is alone in the cluster area; That is, the level of use of prevention has an autonomous status in terms of effectiveness and effectiveness and has the least impact and effectiveness. Criteria for security measures, information factors, social prevention, legal contracts, and economic factors are more influenced by other factors and are systemically influential and dependent elements.

The legal framework formulation index can also help improve all indicators, so that it can be brought closer to reducing economic crime by formulating a legal framework.

The present study was designed to investigate the factors affecting the improvement of faculty members' empowerment in the field of mass media. The present study was mixed in terms of practical purpose and method of data collection. The instruments used in this study were a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative section included some experts aware of the subject of the research who had full knowledge of the issues related to the empowerment of faculty members in the field of mass media. The statistical population also included a small number of faculty members of Iranian universities who were familiar with the subject of research. According to Morgan's table, 118 people were identified as the research sample. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part of the present study was content analysis. Also, elongation and skewness indices were used to investigate the data distribution (normal or abnormal) and to investigate and answer to research questions and to draw and develop a measurement model and a structural model. The results showed that a total of 26 components in 7 categories including reward, technical, cultural, occupational, educational, supervisory and personal factors had an effect on improving the empowerment of faculty members in the field of mass media.

The present research was conducted aiming at the development of advertisement’s paradigm pattern through social media in order to affect the willingness of sports products’ customers. The present research’s methodology is qualitative and based on fundamental data theory with systematic approach. The present research’s statistical population included 15 persons of experts in sports media management and sports marketers and they were selected through targeted sampling based on theoretical approach. Information collection continued until the data theoretical saturation and 15 individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Open, selective three-step coding method using were used in order to analyze the date. The findings of the resulted paradigm pattern include the parts of causative conditions, strategies, contextual and interventional conditions as well as the consequence resulted from them. Causative conditions has been included in the two categories i.e. social media potential and customer-orientation. Interventional conditions include the limitations Internal and external constraints(application limitations and usage limitations) and contextual conditions has been Improving performance and effectiveness advertisement. It is necessary to adopt the strategies like branding and validation, interaction with customers and capacities’ empowerment to impact on the willingness of sports products’ customers in order to develop an effective advertisement through the social media. Finally, the process implementation consequence will be advertisement paradigm pattern development through the social media in order to impact on the willingness of sports products’ customers, sociology, marketing and purchasing expansion it well be in the form of Development and social- economic beliefs .

Public exercise is a low-cost, fun and effective tool that can be implemented by the public, and can contribute to promotion of physical, mental and social health. The aim of this study was to design a model for the role and strategies of mass media in promotion of public sports in Iran.

The present study was an applied, quantitative and correlational research, field-based in terms of data collection and prospective in terms of time. The instrument of the present study comprised a questionnaire that was extracted from factors identified in the qualitative part. The factors were identified through semi-structured interviews with experts in the field of sports media. The statistical population in the quantitative stage consisted of a sample of 360 athletes who were members of the federation and public sports boards. Convenience volunteer sampling methods were used. Statistical analyses used in this study included descriptive statistics methods for calculating central indices and dispersion of research variables; and inferential statistics including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha and correlation coefficient. in SPSS and Amos softwaress were used.

The amount of factor loads of the obvious variables was greater than the cut-off point of 0.4, while T-statistic was greater than the cut-off point of 2.576 (P <0.01), which indicates the reliability of the structure.

It can be concluded that social media has a significant impact on promoting health culture through public education in Iran.

The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the development of Taekwondo in Iran and the presentation model. The statistical population of the study consisted of all professors and faculty members of sport management, experts and managers of the ministry, and the affiliate of the sports championship of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, leaders and experts of the Taekwondo Federation and coaches of the Taekwondo team. In the qualitative part of the research, using the method of theoretical sampling with 25 people in the community, qualitative interviews were conducted to achieve theoretical saturation. In the small part, according to the uncertain size of the research community, using a Morgan table, 277 people were selected as sample size and random sampling was performed. The instrument for measuring the research in the qualitative section was semi-structured interview. In next stage, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. To obtain the validity of the questionnaire, the formal and content validity and construct validity were used, and for reliability, it was used Cronbach's alpha. The results of the research showed that seven factors including social and cultural factors, technology factors, economic factors, political factors, sports agents, management factors and places and equipment are effective on the development of the country's tactical skills. Therefore, it is recommended to pay special attention to all the factors identified in this study to develop sport for Iran.

One of the most important challenges of today's managers in organizations is the insufficient use of intellectual resources, mental capacity and potential capacities of human resources; In most organizations, the capabilities of employees are not used optimally and managers are not able to use their potential. Certainly, an organization is more successful if it has a capable and committed workforce, because empowerment is one of the newest techniques to increase effectiveness and efficiency by increasing the commitment and organizational citizenship behavior of human resources. However, in general, psychological competence and individual creativity are among the important variables in people's working lives and can play an important role in individual and organizational growth. Researchers believe that these variables are more individual and can be developed through intervention strategies. In this regard, psycho-individual strategies can be one of the effective strategies on the development of psychological ability and creativity of the individual that can provide the field of mental well-being to the field of mastery of job processes. Psychological education generally refers to a set of complementary therapeutic interventions that operate with a systematic, structured and educational approach to the development of mental and psychological aspects. In fact, this method takes steps to create lasting behavioral changes in the target individuals by providing individual and social educational goals. However, in general, considering the job pressures and increasing burnout, as well as psychological problems of employees and reducing innovation and job creativity in organizations, recognizing appropriate strategies for psychological empowerment and individual creativity is noteworthy and important. Therefore, considering the positive effects of psycho-individual mechanisms on various physical and psychological dimensions and research gap in the field of its effects on psychological competence and individual creativity, the aim of this study is to provide therapeutic solutions based on psycho-individual mechanisms on psychological competence and individual creativity.

This research in terms of Purpose is applied and in terms of how to do it is Descriptive correlation type (regression). The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part includes the elites in the field of organizational psychology as well as some selected managers of sports and youth departments. The interview continued until reaching theoretical saturation (10 people). The sampling method was purposeful. The statistical population in a small part includes all the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, of course, except for the service staff who are working in this organization in 1399. The statistical population was equal to 890 people and the number of samples was equal to 500 people, of which 485 questionnaires were returned correctly. In this study, three questionnaires have been used, including a questionnaire of treatment strategies based on psycho-individual mechanisms, researcher-made and based on theoretical foundations and interviews with experts (20 items and four components), Spritzer Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (1995) (18 items and Five components) and the Creativity Questionnaire Randsip (1979) (30 items).

To evaluate the fit of the structural model of the research, several criteria are used, the first and most basic of which are the coefficients of significance t or t-values. If the value of these numbers exceeds 0.95, it indicates the correctness of the relationship between the variables and thus confirms the research hypotheses at the confidence level of 1.96. Of course, it should be noted that the numbers only show the correctness of the relationship and the intensity of the relationship between the variables can not be measured with it. The value of R2 is zero for exogenous or independent variables. In this section, the value of R2 is equal to a strong value for the two variables of the research model of individual creativity and psychological empowerment. Q2 value: This criterion for both dependent variables of the research model is more than 0.15, which indicates that the exogenous variables (independent) are moderate in predicting the dependent variable and the proper fit of the structural model of the research is somewhat burdensome. Another confirms. General Model Fit (GOF): The general model includes both the measurement and structural model parts, and by confirming its fit, the fit of the model is checked. Considering the three values of 0.01, 0.25 and 0.36, which are introduced as weak, medium and strong values for GOF, in both variables, a value greater than 0.36 was obtained, which indicates a strong overall fit of the model. According to the results of structural equation modeling, the T-value of both relationships in the research model is more than 2.58, so at the level of 0.99, therapeutic strategies based on psycho-individual mechanisms on individual creativity and empowerment it is psychologically influential.

Reason for the effectiveness of psychological interventions is that psychological training disrupts the processing of dysfunctional thoughts and negative biases due to metacognitive monitoring and the person deals with it more consciously, so this leads to changing defective patterns of thinking and training attention control skills. , Increases the preventive aspect of treatment. Psychological training involves maintaining awareness voluntarily and based on attention to specific topics such as bodily emotions from one moment to the next. HoweverWhen the mind is distracted by thoughts, feelings, sounds, and experiences in general, the content of those experiences is memorized and then attention is slowly but surely turned to specific protected goals. This process is repeated many times. In fact, by using psychological techniques such as conscious breathing practice, it can be used again to return to the present. As in the technique of pervasive observation, thoughts are seen only as an object, not necessarily reality itself, and these factors improve coping and regulation of one's emotions. . However, in general, improving the mental and physical condition of individuals through psycho-individual mechanisms by creating favorable physical and psychological conditions for the individual can lead them to focus on career advancement, personal empowerment and increase creativity and innovation. Psycho-individual mechanisms can improve the process of information processing in the mind and provide the conditions for improving cognitive processes such as attention and memory. However, it is suggested that managers and officials of organizations to benefit from the psychological-individual mechanisms of employees. However, some of the limitations of the present study include the corona virus epidemic and difficult access to the statistical population and limited research background.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathology of environmental education in the Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of all experts from the Ministry of Sport and Youth, with a total of 330 reports. According to Morgan's sample size table, 169 individuals were identified as the study sample. The sampling method in this study was classified sampling. The data gathering tool in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire with 22 questions. The validity of this questionnaire was evaluated by experts' opinions and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated 0.81. For analyzing the data of the study, statistical methods such as Kolomography Smirnov, Exploratory Factor Analysis Test, and T-Test were used. The results of the study showed that 6 damages of goals, structure, reward, useful mechanisms, communication and leadership were among the damages related to environmental education in the Ministry of Sport and Youth. The results of the study also showed that the goal-related injury with a mean of 4.17 compared to other injuries was the most important issue. Among the target-related injuries, non-monitoring and evaluation of the extent to which environmental education goals were achieved with a factor load of 0.874 were identified as the most important target-related damages. Given the lack of comprehensive goals and planning and the lack of proper monitoring and evaluation of environmental education at the Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs, the environmental education of the objectives has led to relative harm.