هادی براتی

The aim of the present study was the pathology of research culture in Farhangian University. On the basis of the purpose this study follows applied research that has been done by a mixed- methods and a sequential exploratory design. The Participants of the qualitative part of the study included all faculty members of Farhangian University of South Khorasan province selected as participants using purposive sampling method. The statistical population of the quantitative research included all the professors of Farhangian University that were selected as the statistical sample using the available sampling method (118 people). To collect the data, an interview and a questionnaire were used. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed based on factor load coefficients, Cronbach's alpha (0.80) and combined reliability (0.78). the results of the qualitative part of the research showed 62 open codes, 13 axial codes and 3 selected codes Moreover, the results of the quantitative part of the research showed that the pathology culture model of research culture had three dimensions of content, structural and environmental. the results showed that these dimensions explain 0.85 of the changes in the culture of research in Farhangian University.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, school closures posed a challenge that changed the face of education and students have faced various challenges in online learning. The purpose present study identifying the challenges of the student education network (SHAD) During the COVID-19 Pandemic from the perspective of parents. This research, based on the purpose, following the applied research that has done by the qualitative method of phenomenological type. The participants study included all all parents of boys' schools of first secondary school in Mirjaveh city in Sistan and Baluchistan province of the 2021-2022 academic year. For this purpose, using purposive sampling method, 34 people were selected as participants. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview used.The validity of the measurement tool has confirmed through Coders agreement. Maxqda 10 software was used for data analysis.The results of the research showed that Pathology of the student education network (SHAD) during the COVID-19 Pandemic, could be classified classified form of 6 selective code(Management, psychological-physical, technological, economic-social, educational and learning challenges) 16 axial code and 36 open code. The findings of the research indicate that the online learning system and online content are not of good quality and this provided platform has not been used optimally.

With the intensification of environmental problems, organizations are expected to take on greater responsibilities and implement effective green management in their current activities. While the organization's environmental strategies and policies determine goals and express a commitment to sustainability, ultimately the success of organizations in environmental sustainability depends on the behavior of its individual employees. What is evident is that simply managing green human resources is not enough to make an organization green, and promoting green behavior among members of an organization is necessary. In other words, the development and strengthening of environmentally-friendly behavior on the part of individuals is vital for the sustainable development of organizations, and green behavior is an important and essential component for organizational environmental sustainability. Therefore, this study was conducted using a systematic review method to develop insight into the concept of green behavior in organizations as one of the subsystems of green management. By using library and article review methods, the meaning and concept of green behavior in organizations, as well as its types and models, were examined.

The purpose of this study was to identifying the factors affecting the academic motivation students of Farhangian University and to present structural model. The research method is a design mixed method sequential explanatory design consists of thematic analysis and survey research. The population of the qualitative part of the research was all the excellent students of Farhangian University in South Khorasan Province, that using purposive sampling method, 15 people selected as participants. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the study included all students of Farhangian University in the academic year of 2018-2019. Using stratified random sampling method, 311 people selected as the statistical sample. To collect the data were used a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the measurement tool in the qualitative part was confirmed the coders' agreement method by MAXQDA software. The quantitative part through convergent and divergent validity. In addition, was evaluated the reliability of the researcher-made questionnaire based on three criteria: factor load coefficients, Cronbach's alpha (.86) and combined reliability (85.5) using PLS software. To test the research questions, the structural equation modeling method and were used PLS software. The results of the qualitative part of the research showed 27 basic themes, 8 organizing themes and 5 comprehensive themes. In addition; the results of the quantitative part of the research showed that educational (0.40) and environmental (0.36) dimensions have a more effective role in explaining the structural pattern of motivation students of Farhangian University. Overall, the five dimensions explain 0.95 of the changes in academic motivation students of Farhangian University. According to the results in order to improve, the academic motivation of students, in the first step, should be consider development of educational services and physical space.

Organizational diagnosis plays a critical role in organizational change initiatives in terms of both choosing appropriate interventions and contributing to readiness-to-change within an organization.The present research has been prepared based on the Process model with the aim of survey the pathology to the body of staff training management in government organizations and institutions of South Khorasan province. On the basis of the purpose this study follows applied research, that has been done by qualitative method. The participants study included all Managers and directors of government organizations and institutions in South Khorasan Province in the year of 2021. For this purpose, using purposive sampling method, 18 people were selected as participants. Then, in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted with them to reach the finding and continue data collection until to saturation. The validity of the measurement tool has confirmed through Coders agreement. A systematic and analytical approach of Strauss and Corbin was used. Based on the analyses, in open, axial and selective coding and Maxqda12 software. The results of the research showed that organizational injuries staff training management in government organizations and institutions, could be classified form of 28 open code, 13 axial code (organizational, job, individual, manager-centered, content, educational, human, staff, legal, financial, auantitative, evaluation method and evaluation ineffectiveness) and 4 selective code (Needs assessment, design, implementation and evaluation. According to the results of this study, based the training process model, There are several problems in the field of staff training management and improving the staff training process requires the implementation of a systematic approach to training. Based on the findings of this study we should be doing groundbreaking training and we need to better align our training culture with the demands of 21st century research. This will require a focus on realigning incentives such that what is good for staff to be considered in the training process.

Entrepreneurship and enterprising behavior as subject fields and frames of understanding can only happen concurrent with a transformation of the universities from ivory tower into entrepreneurial university. Therefore; the institutions of higher education and the universities in particular play a highly central part in the innovative and entrepreneurial process. Identifying the causal factors affecting the training of entrepreneur-oriented human resources from the perspective of managers and educational policy makers. This research, based on the purpose, following the applied research that has done by the qualitative method. The participants study included all experts and activists in the field of entrepreneurship and policy-making in the field of human resources at Farhangian University in the academic year of 2019-2020, that by using purposive sampling method, 19 people were selected as participants. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview used.The validity of the measurement tool has confirmed through Coders agreement. The results of the research showed that the causal factors affecting the training of entrepreneur-oriented human resources from the perspective of managers and educational policy makers could be classified form of 3 components (Management, tangible and intangible resources, and strategies) and 56 indicators. The most important factors affecting the training of entrepreneur-oriented human resources are: institutionalization of the entrepreneurship debate; Improving the career path system and succession planning; Strengthen teamwork spirit; Strengthen strategic vision and transformational leadership; tangible and intangible support and Use of new generations of education.

The purpose of this study was to evaluation modeling distress tolerance based on unpleasant lifestyle with mediation of cognitive emotion regulation in in women nurses’ hospital in during Coronavirus disease. The research design was a structural equation modeling relationship. This study was conducted in the presence of 500 people women nurses’ hospital by available sampling method among in hospitals in Isfahan city in year 1400. To measure the variables, distress tolerance scale (DTS) of Simons and Gaher (2005), lifestyle inventory (LSI) of Smith and Miller (2001) and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) of Garnefski and Kraaij (2007) were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modelling with using SPSS and AMOS software was investigated.The results showed that lifestyle and maladaptive cognitive regulation of emotion have a direct and negative effect on distress tolerance (P <0.01). Also, the adaptive cognitive regulation of emotion has a direct and positive effect on distress tolerance (P <0.01). Also, proposed model had an acceptable fitness to the data and indirect pathways. The evaluated model has a good fit and is an important step in identifying the factors that are effective in distress tolerance in hospital staff and Hospital officials can use the results of this study to improve nurses' distress tolerance during coronavirus outbreaks.

The present study has a mixed-methods, sequential exploratory design and aimed to explore girls' perceptions of and reasons for delaying marriage. The population of the qualitative part of the research was all the single girls over 27 years of age in South Khorasan province who lived in Birjand city for educational and occupational reasons, that using sampling method, 13 people selected as participants. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the study, using available sampling method, 90 people selected the statistical sample. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. Maxqda10 software and smart pls3 were used for data analysis. The results identified four dimensions associated with girls’ delayed age at marriage, namely economic, cultural, social, and demographic dimensions. The economic (0.54) and cultural (0.51) dimensions explained of delay marriages changes in research. Therefore, the economic dimension has a more effective role in explaining girls’ delayed marriages. In general, these dimensions explained 0.82 of the changes in the delayed marriages of girls in south Khorasan province. The results further showed that both the financial independence and, conversely, the lack of employment of girls were the most important economic components affecting girls’ delay in marrying. Moreover, customs and a negative attitude toward marriage are considered the most important cultural factors affecting girls’ marrying age in south Khorasan province. Based on the results of this research, provincial managers and policymakers should take a special look at resolving economic and cultural issues in order to reduce the marrying age of girls in south Khorasan province.

The purpose of this study was to evaluation modeling job satisfaction based on unpleasant lifestyle with mediation of cognitive emotion regulation in in women nurses’ hospital in during Coronavirus disease. The research design was a structural equation modeling relationship. This study was conducted in the presence of 500 people women nurses’ hospital by available sampling method among in hospitals in Isfahan city in year 1400. To measure the variables, Short-Form Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (Weiss and et al, 1967), Lifestyle Inventory (Smith and Miller, 1988) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski and Kraaij, 2007) were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modelling with using SPSS and AMOS software was investigated.The results showed that unpleasant lifestyle and maladaptive cognitive regulation of emotion have a direct and negative effect on job satisfaction (P <0.01). Also, the adaptive cognitive regulation of emotion has a direct and positive effect on job satisfaction (P <0.01). Also, proposed model had an acceptable fitness to the data and indirect pathways of unpleasant lifestyle were significant through mediation of role cognitive emotion regulation on job satisfaction. The evaluated model has a good fit and is an important step in identifying the factors that are effective in job satisfaction in hospital staff and Hospital officials can use the results of this study to improve nurses' job satisfaction during coronavirus outbreaks

The purpose of this study was identifying factors affecting the professional development of school principal’s futures study approach. This research, based on the purpose, following the applied research and based on the nature of the research, is an explanation that has done by the combined method and sequential explanatory design. In this study using purposive sampling method (18 people) and were studied The views and perspectives of the managers of the education staff of South Khorasan province in relation to the factors affecting the future professional development of school managers. Then, for the confirmation of the dimensions specified in the research, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 201 principals and deputies of secondary schools in South Khorasan province. The validity of the measurement tool has confirmed in the qualitative part using the coders' agreement method and in the quantitative part through convergent and divergent validity. In addition, the reliability of the researcher-made questionnaire has evaluated based on three criteria: factor load coefficients, Cronbach's alpha (0.81) and combined reliability (0.87) using PLS software. To test the research questions, MAXQDA10 software and PLS3 software were used. The results of the qualitative part of the research showed 39 basic themes, 6 organizing themes and 3 comprehensive themes. The results of the quantitative part of the research showed that the factors affecting the professional development of schools in the future could be classified form of three dimensions (individual, organizational and environmental) and 6 components (managerial, communication, behavioral, psychological, religious, environmental and contextual factors) and 39 indicators. The most important dimension came out to be organizational, which has a more effective role in explaining the professional development of secondary education managers in South Khorasan province. Therefore; based on the findings of this study, in order to planning for improving professional development of managers in the future, the first step; must consider the organizational components

In the present study, the effects of auditors' order shifts on the quality of their work in trusted companies of Tehran Stock Exchange and Securities are investigated. Therefore, in the continuation of this chapter, the general research plan including hypotheses, research objectives, variables and their operational definition and statistical methods used to test the hypotheses are described. The main purpose is to investigate the effect of forced rotation of the institution and responsible partners on the quality of audit services. The research area covers the years 1394 to 1399 and the research area is the trusted companies of Tehran Stock Exchange and Securities. In order to test the hypotheses in this research, multivariate regression is used using combined and cross-sectional data. To analyze the research data and test the research hypotheses, statistical methods will be used in both descriptive and inferential forms. First, descriptive statistics will be used to explain and describe the demographic characteristics of the data. Then, to estimate the parameters and test the research hypotheses, the classical regression hypotheses are examined. Also 6 EViews and 19 SPSS software are used for descriptive analysis of data and testing of hypotheses and extraction of regression model. Based on the research results, there is a significant relationship between the effects of auditors' order shifts on the quality of audit services. And there is no significant relationship between the effects of audit partner shift and the quality of audit services.

Mahdism has long been considered by the religion of Islam and one of the main goals of textbooks is explanation and promotion of Mahdaviyat. The aim of this study was to examine the place of attention to Mahdism in content of textbooks for  Iranian General Education system. The descriptive research method was used in doing a content analysis. The statistical population of this study was the textbooks of the 12-year education system in the academic year 2019, which were compiled and published by the textbook planning and writing office. The used instrument was a researcher-made checklist that, the validity of the checklists was confirmed by two experts in the field. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze data. The results of the analyze data showed that the Content related to the subject of Mahdism in the textbooks of the Iranian education system could be classified form of 4 dimensions and 12 components and 57 indicators. Also; the results of the quantitative part of the research showed that introducing the promised savior of his followers and characteristics of the government of the Prophet components have a more attention to Mahdism in Content of Textbooks. Therefore; based on the findings of this study, in order to considering that this dimension is seen less in the content of textbooks and belief in the existence of a savior has an effective role in the mental and social health of students, it is suggested that more consider the belief in the existence of a savior in the process of preparing and compiling textbooks.

The feeling of security in public sports stadiums is one of the most critical indicators for the quality of the arena. The use of environmental graphics in stadiums can create a sense of security in the spectators. This study aimed to design a communication model of environmental graphics and a sense of security in Iranian soccer spectators.

An applied method was adopted for this descriptive-explanatory research. The researcher-made questionnaire with five environmental graphics components and six feelings of security was used for data collection. Fifteen experts confirmed the validity of the questionnaire and its overall reliability for environmental graphics and security. The study's statistical population included the spectators of the Iranian Premier League, among whom 384 people were selected in proportion to the size of stadiums.

The results showed a significant relationship between environmental graphics and feeling of security in spectators and that the intensity of this relationship was 0.553 based on R2 criterion, indicating a strong correlation between these two variables. Therefore, in the design, construction and installation of soccer stadiums, it is necessary to instil a sense of security in the spectators present in the stadium and prevent social and cultural anomalies or non-return of spectators to the stadiums using the capacity of graphic, environmental experts.

 This article is valuable and unique because it analyzes the relationship between new variables of Environmental Graphics and Feeling of Security in Spectators.

This research examined the impact of management style on organizational optimism with respect to the mediating role of psychological climate in Farhangian University, South Khorasan Province, Iran.This descriptive-correlational research is of applied kind and was done through structural equation modeling. The samples are 145 lectures of Farhangian University selected by convenience method. In order to collect data, Management style questionnaire (Luthans, et al.), psychological climate questionnaire (Koys & Decotiis) and organizational optimism questionnaire (Smith, eta al.) were used. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the convergent and divergent validity; the reliability of the measuring instruments was also confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method, hybrid reliability and factor loadings. Furthermore, the structural equation modeling and PLS2 Software were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that management style is not significantly related to organizational optimism, though there is a significant relationship between psychological climate and organizational optimism. Therefore, the major hypothesis of this study stating that psychological climate plays a meditating role in management style and organizational optimism relationship was approved. It was concluded that more than 67% of the total effect of management style indirectly can be explained by the psychological climate.

Although the impact of psychological capital has long been taken into consideration, but today, understanding the relationship between psychological capital and scientific optimism is considered a necessity. In this study, the psychological structure was studied as a mediator variable in the relationship between organizational capital optimism and psychological capital was studied. This study is descriptive-survey based on the data collection method. In this study, 290 students of Farhangian University were studied as a statistical sample using simple random sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire. the reliability of the instruments measured using Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability and validity of the instruments was determined using a convergent and divergent validity method. Structural equations and Smart PLS2 software were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that psychological capital and academic optimism respectively: Prognosis and consequence of psychological atmosphere are considered and scientific optimism with the resilience component has a negative and positive relationship with the components of self-efficacy, hope and optimism (P<0.05). Overall, results indicated that 44 percent of academic optimism changes are directly explained by the components of psychological capital and 45 percent of the scientific, indirect and optimistic changes through the psychological climate mediator variable. The research has provided important theoretical and empirical findings for future research on academic education and optimism, and also suggests that student perception of the psychological climate is a requirement for scientific optimism.

The purpose of this research was to forecast of tendency to smoking cigarette in male student with variables, parenting and life style boy students in Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr. research design Correlational was predictable. The population consisted of all male students of Islamic Azad University of khomeinishahr in the summer of 1394 were among which number 357 were available for sampling. Research tools include: scale of attitud towards smoking cigarette (Shore¡ 2000), questionnaire of life style (Miller and smiths¡ 1988), questionnaire of parenting (Bamrind¡ 1972) were used by means of step by step regression resu lts were analized. the final step of analysis Stepwise regression the showed that destroyed components of parenting styles, permissiveness practices and authoritarian positively forecast and logical manner negative relationship have a significant. And of the lifestyle, the style predictions significant negative economic and beliefs and culture has a significant positive prediction.

Although the impact of a leadership style has recognized over the years, there is a need for better understanding of its relationship with organizational optimism. This paper examines the impact of leadership style on organizational optimism with respect to the mediating role of psychological climate. Research method was applied based on aim and was quantitative based on data collecting with the approach of correlation. Based on a convenience method, 145 staff and professors working at Farhangian University were determined. To collect data, leadership style questionnaire (Lathans), psychological climate questionnaire (Koys & Decotiis) and organizational optimism questionnaire (Smith, Caputi & Crittenden) have used. For data analysis was used the Structural equation modeling. The results indicate that leadership style is not significantly related to organizational optimism, though psychological climate related positively to organizational optimism. The major hypothesis of this study also supported and results indicated (0.53) of the total effect of relationship-oriented leadership style indirectly explained by the psychological climate. According to the results, organizational optimism in University staff and professors can be improvement by using relationship-oriented leadership style.

In this research microsegregation in the dendritic directional solidification has been investigated using phase field simulation and some of analytical models. Comparison of the numerical and analytical results showed that in the investigation conditions, the analytical equations overestimated the phase field simulation results. It is found under both back diffusion and no back diffusion conditions. In a range of the solid fraction numerical and analytical results were comparable and difference between them was increased by increasing of the solid fraction.