akbar alam tabriz

The purpose of this research is to select the best energy supply methods for blockchain technology and to optimize the use of each of the selected methods.For this purpose,a two-part hybrid approach based on best-worst multi-criteria decision making methods,VIKOR method and mathematical programming model has been used under uncertainty conditions.To implement this approach,first by reviewing the literature,the effective criteria in selecting the best method were extracted and then,the options or energy supply methods using blockchain technology were determined based on the experts’ opinion.Finally,the weight of the criteria and the final ranking of the selected options were determined by the best-worst and VIKOR methods, respectively.In the second part,in order to determine the optimal amount of using available facilities for blockchain technology to implement the selected method,a robust mathematical model is designed in which the NPV criterion is used as an economic evaluation measure of using the selected method in the first part. was taken As the obtained results show,the criteria of "implementability"and"productivity level"and"coordination with consumption pattern correction policies"have the highest level of importance with the weight of 0.339, 0.14and 0.14, respectively,in order to choose the best option.Also, the best score compared to other options belongs to the energy supply method"electricity generation from the combined use of national grid and solar panels".Solving the mathematical model shows that the highest level of economic efficiency belongs to the use of solar panels to provide a significant part of the need for power.

The current research was conducted with the aim of designing the optimal model of equity management in order to increase social welfare with a comparative approach.The research method was mixed exploratory(qualitative-quantitative).The statistical population in the qualitative part of university professors in the field of public administration,managers of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance,senior managers of the privatization organization and provincial equity investment companies at the country level and in the quantitative part,top and middle managers,deputies and senior experts of the privatization organization,the organization Stock Exchange,Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance and provincial investment companies were equity shares in 2023.In the qualitative section,25 experts were surveyed using a semi-structured and structured checklist,and in the quantitative section,a 108-item researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 169 people using a stratified sampling method.To determine the validity in the qualitative phase,the content of the checklist was approved by experts,and in the quantitative phase,the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by three

form,content and structure.The reliability of the quantitative and qualitative part of the instrument was also confirmed.Qualitative data were analyzed with Delphi technique in SPSS software and quantitative data were analyzed with structural equation modeling technique and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis tests,Friedman,Spearman and single sample T in Smart PLS software.The results of the qualitative part indicated that the final model has 6 dimensions,25 components and 108 indicators as "social management","cultural management","economic management","strategic management","educational management" and "political management".The results of the quantitative part showed that all dimensions and components of the research model were confirmed.

The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a dynamic, responsive and competitive structure model for IRI Railway Company.The research method was mixed exploratory (qualitative-quantitative).The statistical population in the qualitative part is high and middle managers of IRI Railway Company, professors of railway engineering,transportation engineering and public administration in higher education centers and specialists related to the subject,and in the quantitative part,employees of IRI Railway Company in The company was in the northeast of the country in 2023.In the qualitative section,20 experts were surveyed using a semi-structured and structured checklist,and in the quantitative section, a 119-item researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 327 people using a multi-stage relative cluster sampling method.To determine the validity in the qualitative phase,the content of the checklist was approved by experts,and in the quantitative phase,the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by three

form,content and structure.The reliability of the quantitative and qualitative part of the instrument was also confirmed.Qualitative data were analyzed with Delphi technique in SPSS software and quantitative data were analyzed with structural equation modeling technique and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis tests,Friedman,Spearman and single sample T in Smart PLS software.The results of the qualitative part indicated that the final model has 9 dimensions,27 components and 119 indicators as described by "intelligence and agility","human and non-human capital","non-technical factors","creativity and knowledge governance","laws and policies","non-financial performance","business structure","technical and technological factors" and "national and international strategies".The results of the quantitative part also showed that all dimensions and components of the research model were confirmed.

The smallest disruption in the process of a supply chain can be likened to a fault. A fault whose gap and depth can increase moment by moment. The resiliency of the supply chain of Iran's auto parts manufacturing industry, along with the possibility of dealing with these disturbances, leads to the development of exports in this supply chain. In this regard, this mixed research (qualitative-quantitative) aims to provide a model of the functional factors of sustainable resilience of the supply chain of the parts manufacturing industry. Iran's auto has done it with the approach of export development. First, in the qualitative section, 49 indicators were identified with the help of reviewing valid research records. Then, in the quantitative part, using the Delphi method and a panel of 19 experts, after three rounds, 24 important indicators were selected and the stability of the indicators was also confirmed by the opinion of the experts. In the continuation of the quantitative part of the research, the relationship between the variables was determined to achieve the pattern in the quantitative part by relying on the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The findings of the research were a ten-level model, where the most effective index in the tenth level was the prediction of crises such as unexpected events (storms, hailstorms, earthquakes, floods, droughts) and the most effective index was the speed and ability of emergency response.

During the last decade, many organizations and industries have focused on financial indicators. However, they have recently found that in addition to financial indicators, economic, social and environmental factors should also be considered in the performance of supply chains as sustainability, which also affects the logistics network of the country's automotive industry. However, industries and organizations cannot ignore cost reduction in today's competitive environment. This paper also presents a model for evaluating the performance of a sustainable lean supply chain to improve productivity.

In terms of applied purpose, the present study is a descriptive survey in terms of data collection.

First, 36 indicators of lean supply chain were extracted based on the study of the background of related researches and then using Delphi method, , their sustainability dimensions were domesticated with the help of 18 experts and specialists in the field of supply chain. The identified factors were determined by interpretive structural method, the relations between and performance evaluation indicators of sustainable lean supply chain in the country's automotive industry. The result of this research is to achieve a model for evaluating the performance of sustainable lean supply chain by improving productivity in the Iranian automotive industry consisting of ten levels.

The increased traffic has been followed by many problems in metropolitans, the key of which is air pollution and excessive fuel consumption. Paying attention to public transportation, particularly the bus rapid transit (BRT) system is one of the measures that may be taken, since besides reducing social expenses, it may be very effective in declining air pollution. The main objective of the present research is to study the fuel consumption rate and the emissions rate of various air pollutants including CO2, CH4, and N2O gases in various scenarios of BRT system.

Since traffic and congestion phenomena are complex and dynamic, it is very difficult and sometimes impossible to model them with common mathematical models. To this end, agent-based technologies, highly compatible with these characteristics, can be utilized. In the current research, BRT system’s performance, the fuel consumption rate, and the amount of air pollutants production are estimated using agent-based modeling. This study emphasizes what changes should be made in effective parameters such as bus speed and bus stop time at stations, as well as bus dispatch timing in order to control fuel consumption and reduce pollution factors. This research uses NetLogo software to code the model and run its simulation and considers three different scenarios in line one of BRT system in Tehran (Iran).

following the analysis and comparison of different scenarios, suggestions are made to decline fuel consumption and air pollutants, such as minor changes in the parameters of bus stop times at stations as well as changes in the dispatch time of buses from the terminal in order to reduce fuel consumption and air pollution rates. The results indicate that one of the improved situations was related to the situation of increasing the bus dispatch time parameter and in the bridge scenario, CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions are 1458.6, 1.122, and 11.781, respectively, in one hour of peak passenger time.

According to the results, achieving the goal of reducing fuel consumption and air pollution rates is more suitable in the bridge scenario compared to the other two scenarios. Furthermore, if possible, it is suggested to build bridges at intersections with high traffic, or put the smart traffic light system on the agenda.

Governments play a significant role in building a constructive environment for the emergence and development of entrepreneurship, which can be achieved through the implementation of entrepreneurship policy. Policy implementation is a link between the formulation and the results of the expected policies. This applied research has been conducted with the aim of designing a model for implementing entrepreneurial policies in Iran. The statistical population of the study consists of experts in the field of entrepreneurship policy, who have been selected by judgmental sampling. The data collection tool is an interview and in order to design this model, we first interviewed 14 experts and implementers of entrepreneurship policies, in order to achieve in-depth theoretical saturation. After collecting and summarizing the interview information, using the theme analysis technique, and open and central coding, 32 indicators to measure 7 factors of standardization, participation in the performance, presenters, performance environment, performance conditions, performance evaluation, and Feedback was identified. Then, in another interview with the same experts who were present in the previous stage of the interview, the pair relationship and two factors were identified and analyzed using the interpretive-structural modeling (ISM) technique, and finally, the relationship and sequence of factors were extracted in a model including 7 dimensions in 5 levels. The obtained results demonstrated that standardization is the basis of the model of implementation of entrepreneurial policies in Iran, which should receive much attention. Moreover, according to the results of this section, the factors of participation in implementation, conditions of implementation, and evaluation in implementation are among the dependent factors, which have a weak influence but high dependence. The feedback factor is the link variable and the standardization factors, executives and implementation environment are independent variables that have high influence and low dependence and are named key variables. According to the factors identified in the research, it is suggested that a national entrepreneurship document and its implementation roadmap be compiled, and in this regard, the opinions and suggestions of executives and beneficiaries should be used both in the actual identification of issues and in providing successful implementation solutions for entrepreneurship programs.

The timely production of orders and their delivery to the customer is a competitive advantage that makes production systems and becomes customer satisfaction. Balancing the load of orders on work stations, reducing the time of the production period and minimizing the cost of human skills and access to machines can be components in the cases of balance of production lines. In this article, by addressing the above components of the mathematical model, several objectives for checking the online load balance are presented. Solving the mathematical model is done by introducing the combined meta-heuristic algorithm of multi-objective genetics and ant milk, this solution method selects the fittest parents based on the fitness of the initial population by using the feature of selecting the initial population and having the search memory to find quality answers at the right time. produces. The results obtained compared to the previous online load balancing methods show that the production time and load balance on the workstations have been improved.

One of the securities designed to fill the gap created by the elimination of bonds in the Islamic financial market is interest-bearing securities that can help the quantitative and qualitative development of the financial market by using legally authorized contracts. The purpose of this study was to design and explain the pricing model of securities with a capital raising approach. This research is a descriptive research in terms of developmental-applied type and in terms of nature. In this study, using the statistical population that includes Islamic securities issued in OTC Iran and the study sample including interest and rent sukuk, which is in the period of 1393 to 1398, the data collected from the new tools of OTC Iran and Tehran Stock Exchange is evaluated. To test the main hypothesis of the research, a regression model is first introduced. The basic model presented in the present study is to estimate the expected rate of return on profit, is estimated and then tested. . The results show that all the studied variables have a significant effect on the pricing of securities. An increase in nominal value raises the price of securities, but in reality the real value of securities decreases with inflation, which is quite evident in the model of the negative effect on pricing.

This paper presents a systematic and comprehensive analysis procedure for predicting the reliability of the railway industry in order to identify the factors affecting the reliability and obtain a more accurate estimate. This study will also help railway industry managers to better understand the importance of reliability and optimize important performance indicators in the railway industry and to understand the advances that can be made to improve reliability in the railway industry. This study also presents a comprehensive allocation framework with regard to the features of a passenger railway system and possible alternatives; In addition to system reliability, the proposed process can allocate life cycle costs and service reliability to determine the optimal investment plan for designing or updating the rail system. This comprehensive approach can help the rail industry in predicting the reliability of systems and subsystems and identifying the ideal balance between cost, reliability and timing of passenger trains in order to achieve optimal rail system design.

This study predicts Price of stocks in the short term by using the analysis of investors' opinions of the social network. The predictability of stock markets, due to having a complex, dynamic and nonlinear system that it has always been one of the challenges for researchers. The effect of users' feelings on the social network and its combination with 20 technical indicators on the accuracy of stock price forecasting. The study period is from the beginning of April 2016 to the end of March 2017 (two years). To access sufficient data, a sample of 14 active companies that had the most comments and posts. Data mining of technical indicators was performed and support vector regression was used to predict. The results show that the use of technical indicators is more accurate compared to combining it with the aggregation of users' emotions and has less RMSE errors. The number of comments has a significant correlation and the results of Granger causality test showed that it is possible to use the aggregation of users' daily emotions to predict stock prices.

Today, ground transportation systems are facing a major challenge which has come to be known as traffic congestion. Since traffic and congestion are complex and dynamic phenomena, it is difficult and sometimes impossible to apply conventional mathematical models on them. Thus agent-based technologies with high compatibility with the afore-mentioned characteristics can be used to model the phenomenon of congestion and detect effective congestion mitigation/aggravation parameters. Considering the role of bus rapid transit in the transportation of passengers, mitigation of congestion and reduction of passenger waiting time and travel time are among the objectives of the present study. Therefore, agent-based simulation of the movement of bus rapid transit (BRT) fleets is used to achieve the afore-mentioned goal. In the present study, NetLogo is used to code the model and run the simulation. Three different scenarios were taken into account in this study. Change of effective factors in each of the three scenarios led to significant improvements in the BRT performance analysis results. Finally, after general analysis and comparison of different scenarios, results and suggestions were presented to improve the performance of BRT fleets. In the attempt to achieve the goals (i.e. reduction of passenger waiting time at stations and reduction of travel time), the bridge scenario was found to be more suitable and effective than the smart light and status quo scenarios.

One of the securities designed to fill the gap created by the elimination of bonds in the Islamic financial market is interest-bearing securities that can help the quantitative and qualitative development of the financial market by using legally authorized contracts. The purpose of this study was to design and explain the pricing model of securities with a capital raising approach. This research is a descriptive research in terms of developmental-applied type and in terms of nature. In this study, using the statistical population that includes Islamic securities issued in OTC Iran and the study sample including interest and rent sukuk, which is in the period of 1393 to 1398, the data collected from the new tools of OTC Iran and Tehran Stock Exchange is evaluated. To test the main hypothesis of the research, a regression model is first introduced. The basic model presented in the present study is to estimate the expected rate of return on profit, is estimated and then tested. . The results show that all the studied variables have a significant effect on the pricing of securities. An increase in nominal value raises the price of securities, but in reality the real value of securities decreases with inflation, which is quite evident in the model of the negative effect on pricing.

Entrepreneurship in public institutions is one of the fundamental factors that has been ignored or addressed in many countries in the short term. Given the existing gap, this article aims to design and validate the strategic entrepreneurship model in public institutions with a mixed approach. This study is a fundamental research that has been done in a mixed way. In terms of method and time frame of data collection is also a cross-sectional research. The statistical population in the model presentation section includes managers and experts of the country's municipalities who have been selected by purposive sampling. In a small part, the views of 384 municipal employees have been used. The hyper-combined qualitative analysis method has been used to identify the underlying categories of strategic entrepreneurship. Structural-interpretive modeling method was used to present the initial model and finally the partial least squares method was used to validate and present the final model. Data analysis was performed in qualitative phase with Maxqda software and in quantitative phase with MicMac and Smart PLS software, respectively. According to the results of this analysis, strategic management and entrepreneurial leadership have an impact on government support policies, resource management and the establishment of entrepreneurial culture. These factors also affect strategic entrepreneurship and strategic entrepreneurial thinking. Finally, they lead to the research and development of organizational entrepreneurship. The elements of level four, namely strategic management and entrepreneurial leadership, have the greatest impact on the strategic entrepreneurship of public institutions

Accurately predicting of earning management to detect and identify manipulation of financial statements has always been one of the most fundamental Challenges ahead of financial reports users. Applying the Beneish model can be one of the most appropriate models for modeling in the field of earning management prediction. Beneish model 1999 has been developed for this purpose by emphasis on the variables of corporate governance system including audit committee structure, legal inspector and independent auditor, board of director's structure and corporate ownership structure requirements. The data of 81 companies listed on TSE during 2012-2018 has been analyzed by the hybrid method of multi-layer perceptron MLP neural network and metahuristic algorithms of biogeography based optimization BBO, Imperialist Competitive Algorithm ICA and water cycle algorithm WCA. The accuracy of the model by hybirid mothodes of MLP-BBO, MLP-ICA and MLP-WCA has been increased from 59.08 ، 59.96 and 59.79 percentages to 92.06 ، 89.24 and 79.72 percentage respectively. The results indicate the accuracy improvment of the proposed model in detecting earning-manipulator companies and also the higher efficiency of the hybrid method of MLP-WCA compared to the other methods in optimization of multilayer perceptron neural network.

Designing a sustainable business model centered on a resilient economy can support innovative, infrastructure, and often high-risk businesses in the economies of developing countries. This model seeks to balance the financial and non-financial dimensions, relying on internal capabilities and using external capacities to turn pressures, constraints into opportunities.

The orientation of this research is applied, the philosophy of research is interpretive, the approach of research is inductive, the purpose of research is exploratory, its nature is mixed and the strategy used has been in the qualitative part of theme analysis and in the quantitative part of survey. The method of collecting semi-structured interview data was from experts of development banks, which reached theoretical saturation with 15 interviews.

Interpretive structural equation method has been used to level the extracted categories. Based on the results, the first level includes redefining development plans, monitoring the environment and creating and identifying potential capacity; the second level: developmental accreditation; the third level, people-centeredness; Risk-taking, agility improvement and the fourth level of financial structure have been stable.

Sustainable business model with a focus on resistance economics leads to effective implementation of development banks' mission

Today, the retail industry plays an important role in the economic development of countries, so that this industry plays a role in the GDP of developed countries almost as much as the total production sector. Retailers are key components in the supply chain that connect producers to consumers. Studies show that the main reasons for the failure of these industries are marketing limitations in the form of lack of financial resources, lack of time and market knowledge and lack of marketing expertise. Networking is one of the solutions that has been proposed to overcome these limitations. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the impact of networking with consumers on the performance of the retail industry by considering the role of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge market. The statistical population of this study included all managers of retail chain companies in Isfahan that 124 managers were selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling. The research method was descriptive survey. A 44-item questionnaire based on the sequential scale and the five-point Likert scale was used to collect data. The results were analyzed by structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach. Data analysis showed that networking with consumers has a positive effect on marketing performance. Also, companies with entrepreneurial orientation and better use of market knowledge can use their networking capabilities for marketing purposes and competitive advantage.

Undoubtedly, organizations in the business environment are facing increasing changes and complexities today. As a result, to ensure the survival of their organization. They need futuristic foresight to deal with problems and uncertainties of the future environment for product development, innovation, and creativity, indeed foresight for the development of corporate entrepreneurship. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual model of foresight for the development of corporate entrepreneurship in small and medium enterprises in Iran. This study, in terms of purpose, is considered an applied research and it is qualitative research in terms of the data collection method. The method of study is Meta-synthesis. To do so, 313 papers published between 1990 and 2020 in the best scientific journals are collected. Then papers were manually screened. 35 articles remained which were used for coding and analysis. Then codes were combined and the concepts obtained. The reliability of the concepts was assessed using Gohan's kappa index. Content analysis was also performed with Shannon entropy and the concepts were ranked. In this research, 26 indices were identified and classified. Based on these factors, a comprehensive model in small and medium enterprises in Iran has been presented and validated. The proposed model can address the challenges of small and medium enterprises and create appropriate contexts for the development of entrepreneurial programs and policies by managers, increasing the awareness of relevant industries.

The aim of the current study was to analyze the policies of the higher health education for dealing with Covid-19 pandemic and the other crises. It was a retrospective study conducted in the first six-months of 2020. Walt and Gilson’ policy analysis triangle was used. The data was collected by reviewing the national and international databases, analyzing the obtained documents, and conducting semi-structured interviews with informants. The following items were identified based on data analysis: 1) forty-five actors, 2) five constituencies of the organizational structure, 3) three technical substructures, 4) fourteen laws and regulations, 5) twenty-four practical steps, 6) twenty-four processes, and 7) forty-six documents. The documents were compiled by WHO, Iranian Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education, universities of medical sciences, and the faculties of medical sciences. According to the findings of this study, it is necessary to revise the higher education system.

Increasing the population, followed by increasing human needs and problems related to transportation, has led managers to seek for solutions by the goal of increasing economic profitability and reducing costs. Therefore, in this study, a set of location decisions, vehicle routing and inventory management has been used as the main tools to face with these problems.

model has been solved and validated by Gams software using Epsilon method in small scale. Since this is one of the NP-Hard problems, meta-heuristic algorithms, MOPSO, MOFF, MOIWO, NSGA-II have been used to solve large-scale problems.

The results of all comparative criteria show the superiority of the MOIWO algorithm over other algorithms and the appropriate efficiency of these methods in solving the mathematical model, especially in high dimensions and short times.

 In this study, the design of hazardous materials transportation network is considered by considering the decisions related to location, routing, inventory. For this purpose, a new multi-objective mathematical model with the objectives of minimizing cost, minimizing travel time and maximum social responsibility is presented. This mathematical model can be used in different areas and different dimensions.

This study predicts the future movement of stock prices in the short term by using the analysis of investors' opinions on the social network. The predictability of stock markets, due to having a complex, dynamic and nonlinear system that it has always been one of the challenges for researchers. In this research, for the first time, we developed a model with 72.08%accuracy for predicting stock movement and predicting the trend by analyzing the feelings of users' opinions and combining it with 20 technical indicators and we use three data mining algorithms include decision tree, Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machine. According to the results, the support vector machine showed better performance than the other algorithms. It was also found that the next day trading volume and the number of comments have a significant correlation and the results of Granger causality test showed can be used to predict stock price and also it took advantage of the aggregation of users' daily emotions.

Precision machining of complex industrial parts requires special machines, one of the best of which is the CNC milling machine. Malfunction of machines can cause the production line to stop, while repairs of these machines when they break down without prior possibility and preparation of spare parts with Paying attention to the need to import them is time consuming and costly. In this article, the failure of the device on an annual basis is extracted from the failures recorded in the repair and control sheets of the device, which have been prepared and maintained by the personnel. Then, using Markov chain, to estimate the reliability, maintenance and repair and availability of four-axis CNC milling machine in 2011 was used. The results of implementation in 2011-2018, were compared with the indicators of 2011. The evaluation results show that the availability of the device has increased from 96.3% in 2011 to 99.28% in 2018.

Globalization has had an impact on all the concepts in societies, so that all of them, in opposition to globalization, have addressed the values and meanings and concepts that they have in themselves, and in order to expand or redefine it. Is Human needs are such that today, without international communication and the development of relationships in the context of accepted behaviors and ethics throughout the world, it is not possible. Human needs are such that today, without international communication and the development of relationships in the context of accepted behaviors and ethics throughout the world, it is not possible. One of these concepts is the notion of citizenship behavior that has evolved today as the global citizenship behavior. The purpose of this study is to explain the effects of the concept of universal citizenship behavior from the managerial point of view. In this research, based on the concepts and definitions of citizenship behavior and its social, cultural and political dimensions, we examine the ways of sharing this concept in management's discussion, and we will present some suggestions below.

Despite the key role of small and medium industries in economic development and job creation, one of the biggest problems for these businesses is their legendary failure rates. The main reasons for the failure of these industries are marketing limitations in the form of lack of financial resources, lack of time, market knowledge and lack of marketing expertise. Networking is one of the solutions that has been proposed to overcome these limitations, because networking is considered as a factor in restructuring the global business architecture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of networking capability on the marketing performance by considering the role of entrepreneurial orientation and market nowledge. A survey of 225 small and medium-sized enterprises in Iran was conducted through a questionnaire and the results were analyzed by structural equation modeling with a partial least squares approach. Results show that networking capability has a positive effect on the marketing performance of small and medium industries. Also, firms with entrepreneurial orientation and better market knowledge can also use their networking capabilities for marketing purposes.

Balanced production line in terms of timing and load distribution on machines can improve the important indicators of timely delivery and production, which creates customer satisfaction and competitive advantage for production.Production line balance reduces lost capacity costs and unbalanced lines.Robin Hood algorithm is one of the production balance methods, the most important advantage of which is online production planning and proportional distribution of load on machines, but when the number of work orders is large, this method is not responsive.This paper focuses on optimizing and developing the mathematical model of Robin Hood algorithm so that this model can plan a large number of work orders.Development of the model with two objectives minimizing the maximum load on the production system and minimizing the order completion time Takes place on machines.The problem of production balance is one of the NP-hard problems, and since no Iuick and feasible solution to such problems has been found in a reasonable time, the NSGA algorithm can be found to find close to optimal solutions to the proposed multi-objective mathematical model.-II has been used.The results of the development of the mathematical model in Robin Hood algorithm show that the balance of the production line in the large number of orders and momentary changes in the production plan, using this method can improve production planning.