ali mohammad haghighi

The present paper aims to identify the characteristics of the political culture and the revolutionary insight of the police in the thoughts of Grand Ayatollah Imam Khamenei (Madazla Al-Ali). The research method is of a qualitative type and the theme analysis technique has been used to analyze the leadership's statements. The studied material includes all written texts of Imam Khamenei statements about the political culture and revolutionary insight of the police. Selected examples of his statements in three stages of basic, organizing, and inclusive themes have been examined and analyzed by thematic analysis. The findings, according to the analysis and analysis of the content of the Supreme Leader's statements regarding the characteristics of the political culture and revolutionary insight of the police, indicated that in total, 98 basic themes, 23 organizing themes were obtained in 3 overarching themes (insight, charactristic, and action). Therefore, the results of the qualitative findings confirm the fact that the character of the J.A. police is the promotion of political culture and revolutionary insight in the three layers of insight, character and, action. The responsibility of strengthening the political culture and revolutionary insight of the police from an organizational point of view is the responsibility of the ideological-political organization of Faraja, which should be included in the cultural and educational program of this organization

The purpose of the present study is to identify likely structures for the future international system and to understand their effectiveness on Iran’s opportunities and limitations. The methodology of the present research is qualitative that has used a futurologist scenario to identify likely structures of the international system. The main research question is: what are scenarios that can change the international system and what will be their consequences and effects on Iran’s relations and acting? The research results show that the occurrence of the scenario of a multipolar international system is more likely than a bipolar or unipolar one. In each scenario, countries have 3 general options: companionship including union or following, competition including creating balance, tolerating the challengers, and adopting an opposition policy towards the existing pole or poles in the world. The scenario of a multipolar world will bring the most capabilities and opportunities for Iran while the unipolar scenario led by the U.S will increase Iran’s limitations. On the other hand, the bipolar scenario compared to the unipolar one led by the U.S enhances Iran’s opportunities. Iran’s membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization will assist Iran to create more opportunities to meet its national interests through the bipolar scenario revolving around the U.S and China.

Relations between countries are based on economic, security, geographical and cultural conditions. Although the status of these factors is changing in the age of globalization, it is not true to say that these factors do not affect the relations between the two countries. As neighbors, Iran and Azerbaijan share cultural, historical and religious commonalities. Nevertheless, the relations between the two countries have faced certain challenges. One of the main challenges has been the Nagorno-Karabakh issue, which has been addressed in this research on both security and economic levels. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the economic and security consequences of the Karabakh conflict on the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main question is how the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict can have economic and security consequences for the Islamic Republic of Iran. The findings indicate that the consequences and challenges in these two areas are within the scope of the positions of the Islamic Republic, the conflict in the field of energy and relations between Azerbaijan and Israel, along with the confrontation and the introduction of politics and ideology regarding the economic relations of these two countries. This research is done using descriptive-analytical method.

The role of culture as a spiritual aspect and civilization as a material aspect are two important topics in the field of identity and national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These two inseparable and reinforcing elements have been of great importance in the history of Iranian civilization. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, due to the explanation and emphasis on civilization based on the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, the issue of civilizational identity has been considered as a main issue in cultural policy. Based on this, the main question of the research is, what effect did cultural institutions have on the institutionalization of modern Islamic civilization in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The main hypothesis is that cultural institutions, knowing the goals and nature of different layers of modern Islamic civilization based on educational, media and cultural and political socialization components, should act in the direction of institutionalization and reproduction of modern Islamic civilization. According to the nature of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution and the viewpoint of the Supreme Leader, as well as the programs formulated in the field of cultural policies, it is possible to achieve the civilizational identity and its development and deepening. The research method is a qualitative method, and the method of collecting information in a library and analyzing the collected data is qualitative analysis.

The present article is a research in the way of providing solutions to improve political education in the thought of Ayatollah Khamenei. The main question of the article is, what are the ways to improve political education in the thought of Ayatollah Khamenei?

This research has been done with a qualitative method through thematic analysis. The statistical community includes all the Supreme Leader's statements about political education. Examples of Supreme Leader's statements based on strategies for promoting political education have been extracted.

The findings show that the strategies for improving political education can be identified in the form of three dimensions based on cognitive, orientation and behavior. Most of the solutions are envisioned in the cognitive stage, which is possible with educational methods and knowledge improvement of the organization's employees. In the second stage, it is possible to improve the orientation solutions of employees in the form of skill enhancement through workshops and lectures. In the final stage, in order to improve the political behavior of the employees, within the organization, it is necessary to move towards culturalization and institutionalization.

The purpose of this article is to explain the change in the structure of the international system and examine the possible future structure of the international system that Iran will face. In the present research, the authors have investigated the main mechanism of the change in the structure of the international system, i.e. the rise and fall of great powers, using the descriptive-analytical method. The authors believe that the current structure of the international system cannot be defined by the concept of polarity. The current structure of the international system includes a superpower (America) alongside China as a challenger and candidate to become a superpower in the future and several big powers (European Union, Russia, Britain and Japan) and this structure will continue in the short term.The Islamic Republic of Iran can be placed in a state of neither friend nor enemy in relation to other great powers.

Terrorism is not a new phenomenon. History is full of terrorist acts; Actions that have taken the lives of countless innocent human beings, deprived many human beings of their fundamental rights and freedoms, endangered our friendly relations between states, and undermined the territorial integrity and security of states. It is endangered. The purpose of this study is to provide an analytical and comparative look at the approach of Barack Obama and Donald Trump to counter-terrorism in the Middle East. In this study, we answer the question of whether the US unilateralist approach to terrorism moves toward multilateralism. The research hypothesis is that the "American foreign policy approach" in the fight against terrorism is changing from unilateralism to multilateralism. Therefore, in this article, we examine the counter-terrorism approaches in the administrations of Barack Obama and Donald Trump, using descriptive-analytical methods and library tools.Therefore, in this article, we examine the counter-terrorism approaches in the administrations of Barack Obama and Donald Trump, using descriptive-analytical methods and library tools.

Today, with the spread of Salafism in Muslim countries, a harsh and inhuman face of civilized Islamic society has been introduced to the world. Due to the social, ethnic, and religious context of Sistan and Baluchistan, the neighboring countries that cultivate Salafism, and the simultaneous education of Sunni students in the religious schools, Sistan and Baluchistan province is susceptible to the influence of Salafism from across the borders into the country. Western and Arab countries have played a significant role in spreading Salafism in the country by providing hardware and software support in various ways, such as raising doubts, publishing and producing deconstructive content, and forming Takfiri-Salafi groups. The present article is written with a descriptive-analytical approach based on field and library research and objective observations in order to answer the question: What role do overseas factors play in the spread of Salafism in Sistan and Baluchistan province? In response to the question, the hypothesis is raised that the proximity to countries that cultivate Salafism along with the material and logistical support of Western and Arab countries has led to the spread of Salafism in the province. Some of the proposed solutions to adopt effective strategies in order to counter the spread of Salafism in the province are as follows: identifying the command room of extremist currents, political and religious diplomacy with neighboring countries, the correct explanation of Shia and Sunni beliefs, criticism of Salafism by influential and prominent Sunni scholars and striving for unity in action.
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Attention to the concept of the international system and how to change its structure has had a special place in the study of international relations and has been the site of widespread theoretical controversy.Numerous factors and drivers are influencing transformation of the international system.The main question of the research is what factors affect structure of the international system and in other words what are drivers of structure of international system?Therefore, the aim of this article is to identify drivers of structure of international system with a futuristic perspective. In study, while using the theory of structural realism (neo-realism) as a theoretical framework, descriptive structural analysis of ISM and Mick Mac program has been used. In the process of identifying drivers of the structure of international system, the method of "individual interview" and "library study" has been used and to design the future model of international system, the method of structural-interpretive modeling has been used. Structural-interpretive modeling is one of the exploratory methods of model design that allows drawing complex relationships between a large number of elements in a complex decision-making situation. After examining factors such as political power, economic and military power, globalization, international institutions, climate change, the spread of technology, weapons of mass destruction, regional conflicts, human rights, terrorism, immigration and citizenship, infectious diseases and population. Were proposed in the research hypothesis, research findings show that political, economic, military and cultural power are most influential drivers in evolution of structure of international system.

The identities of any society are influenced by the political, economic, cultural and social conditions of that society. Despite the existence of common elements between identities and their construction, the identity of the Islamic Revolution has a different approach due to its religious and Islamic principles. In this regard, the present study seeks to examine the consolidating elements of national identity from the perspective of Imam Khomeini's thought. Therefore, the research question is what are the characteristics of the elements that shape the discourse of the Islamic Revolution from Imam Khomeini's point of view? They are not places and they conquered territories. This approach can be a basis for regionalization and globalization of the idea of identity desired by Imam Khomeini (ra), which causes the fattening of national identity and its support outside the territorial borders of Iran. At the forefront of these concepts is the universal umbrella of the "Islamic Ummah" as a fundamental principle. The method that has been used to study these cases is the descriptive-analytical method and citing library sources, views and statements of Imam Khomeini.

The main question of the present study is why do governments adhere to global norms? In this study, using descriptive-analytical method, the authors examine the adherence of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia to global norms by using three explanatory variables of legitimacy between domestic and foreign norms. International countries have reviewed. Findings show that among the explanatory variables affecting the Islamic Republic of Iran's exposure to global norms, the variable of proportionality between domestic and foreign norms has the greatest impact on Iran's acceptance or non-acceptance of global norms and the other two variables are legitimizing the frameworks of world order. And the consequences of how to face the norms for the international image of the country are influential in the next level and all three act as obstacles to the acceptance of international norms due to the special situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran rather than facilitating the acceptance of international norms. . On the other hand, in the case of Saudi Arabia, the variable of proportionality between domestic and foreign norms can potentially play a role of undermining global norms, but the other two variables, legitimizing the framework of world order and the consequences of how to deal with norms, facilitate the international image of the country. They are very effective and pave the way for the acceptance of global norms for Saudi Arabia.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the effects of social networks on the political behavior of the Iranian people. Because the mass media in our country are constantly losing their authority and credibility. The roots of this process go back to both the media and the outside world. Along with some technological developments and changes in the information ecosystem, governance policies have been an important factor that over the past years has led to the weakening of the media and the reduction of their authority and credibility. The statistical population of this study included all Iranians with the right to vote and we randomly selected 278 people. Analytical-correlation method was used to obtain the desired information in this study. In this article, we seek to answer the question of what effect social networks have had on the political behavior of the Iranian people (since 2008-2018)? There is a positive relationship between the use of social networks between 2008 and 2018 and the political behavior of citizens, in other words, the more the use of social networks increases, the more the political behavior of individuals in elections changes.

Parties in a democratic political system are considered as the most important feature of political development. Parties cause various urban classes, including the poor and middle class, workers, farmers, peasants, to be involved in their political destiny in order to exercise their rights. This article examines the role of parties in the political development of Iran and Turkey and in this regard studies the positive or negative role of parties involved in political development and seeks to formulate their commonalities and differences. The conceptual framework of the article is based on developmentalist theories and its assumption is based on the assumption that the characteristics, beliefs and values ​​of both countries have played a decisive role in the manner and outcome of the activities of the parties of Iran and Turkey. The research method is a comparative comparison of the value components of the Iranian and Turkish parties in the political development process. The data of the article are extracted from the secondary historical analysis of the section for the two countries. The method of qualitative analysis is based on comparing the differences and similarities between the ways in which political parties deal with development issues. This article concludes that politics in the Middle East countries, according to their historical and cultural status, has its own requirements and structural differences in political organizations in interaction with these characteristics create differences in political development in the two countries of Iran. And Turkey.

As the global energy mix is shifting to low-carbon resources, the energy world is entering an era of disruption. The global energy transition continues, but the pace of change is uneven. The Persian Gulf has introduced a unique phase of energy transition through which, although the total energy demand from the region has remained almost constant over the past two decades, it has not relevant to the share of Persian Gulf resources in the consumption basket of the countries. The energy transition in the Persian Gulf is understood as the changing pattern of energy transit from the region. Therefore, this paper is to discover the implications of the global energy transition on the maritime security of the Persian Gulf. The main question of the article is: "how global energy transition change maritime security in the Persian Gulf?" The initial response is that "the global energy transition develops the pattern of maritime security only in case geo-economic cooperation between Arab countries of the Persian Gulf and China upgrades to the level of military and security cooperation." The findings, gained through an inferential methodology, substantiate the validity of the hypothesis and confirm that any change in geo-economics is likely to be accompanied by changing geopolitics, however, it may last decades under the absence of strategic and military developments.

This study is to "evaluate the impact of Iranian strategic culture on Tehran's response to Washington's coercive diplomacy. The question is, "How has the strategic culture of Iran affected its response to Washington's wills i.e. giving up the ideals of the Islamic Revolution. The findings of the study, obtained through an inferential methodology and analyzed relying on the power of individual understanding, show that the nine components of Iranian strategic culture in regard of diplomacy and defense, including "martyrdom", "resistance", "emphasis on deterrence", tactical flexibility, "Strategic ambiguity", "strategic patience", "self-reliance", "strategic loneliness and a sense of vulnerability" and "the mission of the leadership of Islam and the region" and its 5 characteristics including "achieving the truth of trust", "courage" , "rationalism", "intelligent and thoughtful leadership" and "hybrid and multidimensional nature has led Iran to understand the extravagant and self-reinforcing nature of coercive diplomacy and the importance of resisting US pressure and to prevent an onset for the domino of being blackmailed by US. Thus, the interactions between Iran and US during the past four decades have been based on either the principle of "privilege for privilege" or "reciprocity."

Perceptions of the US desire to withdraw from the Persian Gulf are accompanied by the question of whether the potential power vacuum created by this event will be filled by emerging powers such as China and Russia. The present article specifically seeks an appropriate answer to the question, "Will China's growing economic interest in the Persian Gulf lead to Beijing's active security policy in the region?" And why? According to the paper, China's economic diplomacy in the Persian Gulf in the short or medium term, as entering into complex Gulf security challenges is at odds with Beijing's policy of maximizing trade capacity to advance national strategic goals. "The period will not lead to the adoption of an active security policy in the region." Findings of the article obtained by the inferential methodology under the theory of strategic coverage, while confirming the hypothesis of the article, is accompanied by the conclusion that the promotion of China's economic interests in the region and its efforts to further influence the region by resorting to safe strategy Reconstruction could potentially lead to the gradual and long-term end of US hegemony in the Persian Gulf. This research is of descriptive-analytical (qualitative) type and in the process of analyzing the findings, inferential methodology has been used. Data collection was also done using the library method based on objective-historical data.

Different components are influential in the electoral behavior of any society. These elements can be considered in cultural, economic, geographical and time variables. In this context, the electoral behavior of Iranians can be analyzed. The central question and purpose of this research is the reasons for the decrease in people's participation in the 11th elections of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. In this regard, various reasons have been examined, including the effects of US sanctions during the Trump era, economic challenges, the behavior of election institutions, and the approach of social networks. In this study, according to the theory of functionalism and emphasizing economic dissatisfaction, the effective role of US sanctions in the country due to the negative effects of sanctions on the economy, devaluation, inefficiency of the executive .... has been presented as the main factor in reducing citizen participation in the 11th parliamentary elections.

The main concern of governments is to ensure national security by emphasizing the preservation of social capital because national security is the result of the satisfaction of citizens and groups that can be embodied in the face of strong social capital, no doubt the importance of social capital Features such as participation, cohesion and trust in social systems. As throughout history, governments have always been concerned about the extent to which they can rely on the cooperation of society to advance the activities and strategies of government with this enormous support. Clearly, without social capital, a significant portion of resources is wasted, and costs must be spent on stability, agreement, and cooperation. Based on this, it can be said that social capital is created in a long period and with difficulty, but its destruction is done quickly, the result of which is not part of the faltering of national security. And qualitative) and using library tools and a questionnaire with a sample size of 384 people among AJA employees in 1398, we seek to answer the main question of what effect social capital has on national security in the twelfth government has it? The most important results of testing the hypotheses in this study show that social capital has a significant effect on national security and the analysis of the questionnaire data shows that social capital in the twelfth government is at a moderate level that the impact It has a direct impact on national security.

The Islamic Revolution of Iran with a religious approach and offering elements of self-reliance, support for the oppressed, fight against Zionism, justice, independence, support for the liberation movements, Islamic resistance, Mahdism and the expectation of a new identity as a model for other countries. And the movements became. One of the achievements of the Islamic Revolution is the formation of the axis of resistance in the region, which has strengthened the sense of resistance to the domination and domination of the dictatorship of the Middle East. The research seeks to answer the main question: what is the relationship between the Islamic revolution of Iran and the formation of the resistance axis in the identity of the Houthi Shiites of Yemen? In the hypothetical response, we have pointed out that the Islamic Revolution, along with its soft power elements, prompted the identity and consciousness of the Houthi Shiites in the areas of the intellectual and practical influence of Yemeni characters on Imam Khomeinichr('39')s revolutionary thoughts, the politicalization and active presence of Houthi Shiites in political participation, and Yemeni society, religious identity and the vision of unifying their struggles, reviving zaidi Shiites and expanding the Shichr('39')a of twelve Imams, expanding the value chants among Yemenchr('39')s Shiites, establishing and strengthening Shichr('39')i cultural institutions and organizations, and instilling the spirit of the struggle against domestic tyranny and foreign colonialism Eventually after the dominoes of the collapse of Arab regimes In 2011, Ali Abdullah Saleh surrendered and abandoned the grounds for his legitimate religious and political demands.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of faculty mobilization on po litical elitism in the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was conducted as a survey among faculty mobilization in Shiraz universities.The statistical population, which included 314 males and 61 females, was a total of 375 people, which was done by using the questionnaire method and their distribution among the statistical p o p ulation. Accordingly, the data collection tool is a questionnaire that to measure the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient is equal to 0.98. The main question is what effect has the mobilization of professors had on the political elite in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The main hypothesis is that the role of mobilization in transmitting political awareness, strengthening national identity, increasing national and religious self-co n fi d e n ce and provincialism,are effective components in It is the training of political elit e s.[1].PhD Student in Political Science, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran[2].Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran, Corresponding Author[3].Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran

The purpose of the present research is to study the relationship between Iran’s Islamic Revolution and the formation of the Axis of Resistance in giving identity to Lebanon’s Hizbullāh. The main hypothesis is that the Islamic and Shi’ite identity of Iran’s Revolution having some criteria such as soft power could have give identity to the Shi’ite movement of Lebanon’s Hizbullāh and emphasize on the spirit of seeking martyrdom, religion-centeredness, Shi’ite symbolism, belief in Wilāt-i Faqīh, and battle against the hegemony in regional aspects. The method of study was descriptive analysis and the results showed that the cultural, Shi’ite, political, and geographical features have expanded the identity that Iran’s Islamic Revolution has given to Lebanon’s Hizbullāh.

In this article, the role and effects of elites in development with emphasis on the development of the tourism industry have been studied that in general, the role of human resources and the thought of political and scientific elites in using domestic and international capacities as a superior model compared to other factors can show their degree of importance on various aspects. The approach of the leaders and elites of countries in providing the grounds for political, educational, and economic growth has been analyzed based on factors related to development and also weaknesses and shortcomings in the lack of balanced stimulus to inclusive development, especially the development of industry have been pointed from a political-executive point of view. The descriptive and analytical method as well as the comparative model with maximum use of capacities and requirements to better understand the effective parameters in the subject and objectives of the research have been the method of this research. The results show that political elites have had positive and sometimes negative effects on the growth and development process, especially the development of the tourism industry.

Along with the brilliance of pure Islamic values, some formed extreme Salafi currents in the present age by distorting the clear divine thoughts. Through jurisprudential literature support and extensive semantic network, these currents have become one of the most important challenges of the contemporary world. The Islamic Republic of Iran has been struggling with extremist and Salafi currents in the southeastern cities for many years. In the past, there were appropriate interactions between Sunnis and Shiites in Sistan and Baluchestan province; but the infiltration of divisive thoughts of extreme Salafists affected by foreign forces has damaged the national security of the Islamic Republic. This study seeks to answer this question: How has the infiltration of Salafi thought in Sistan and Baluchestan province affected the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In order to answer this question, the main hypothesis of the article is that the infiltration of Salafi thought might be a serious threat to the national security of our country through the emergence of extremist currents in the province and their relation with Takfiri groups abroad, fighting against the holy order of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and creating ethnic and religious divisions. The study is presented by descriptive-analytical approach and information is collected through field (interview), library and objective observation methods.

The ultimate goal of soft (normative or civil) power is to change the behavior of the actors in non-aggressive ways. Therefore, the effectiveness of the EU's soft power in post-communist countries ought to be measured in terms of the concept of transformative power and the real roles the EU's plans and efforts have played in the transition process. EU’s transformative power in Central Asia, defined in terms of the solidarity of candidates (inside) and external governance (outside), pursues ambitious infrastructural goals whose effectiveness is evaluated in this research. This study is to answer the following questions: “What are the main leverages of EU's normative power trying to implement EU objectives in Central Asia” and “how effective have they been?” The immediate response is that "the main objectives of Europe's normative power in Central Asia are to transform Central Asian societies to function economically as full-fledged market economies and politically as democratic states. Since EU’s attempts pursuing these economic and political transformations in Central Asia have had little success, the effectiveness of EU’s normative power has gained little credit. Using descriptive-analytical and an inferential methodology and utilizing library research method based on objective-historical data and available evidence, this study has tried to shed light on the research hypothesis. While confirming the hypothesis, the findings of the paper have revealed that the Central Asian societies and governments economically prefer the Chinese state capitalist model to the full-fledged market economy model and politically consider the Guided Democracy Model to be superior to the Liberal Democratic Style proposed by EU.

Terrorism is a phenomenon that has spread to almost all parts of the world in the late 20th century and the beginning of the 21th century to the extent that many Middle East-ern countries have been subjected to such violence and unrest; in fact, with the advent of science and technology, particularly the global spread of the Internet and social net-works, the face of terrorism has been changed and in sum, not only facilitated terrorist attacks, but also introduced new lands of opportunities in the field of means and instru-ments for terrorists. Thus, the application of biological, chemical, radiological as well as cyber attacks proves that terrorist groups benefited from modernized science and ad-vanced tools root in the potentials of the globalization age. Clearly, they do so in order to improve the only process of goal attainment. The main issue of this descriptive-analytic paper concerns how new science and technology appealed in line with the de-velopment of terrorist groups actions in the Middle East? Accordingly, the hypothesis is that terrorist groups in the Middle East are constantly using modern facilities and tech-nologies in the globalization space to represent themselves and to create massive terror-ist networks. This will bring more and more propaganda for broader terrorist activities and significantly promote recruitment as well.