bahman bayangani

The relationship between man and the environment is always changing. Entering the age of industry and modernity, humans have changed their lifestyle based on instrumental rationality and with selfish and one-sided decisions, they have created many environmental crises that worry and worry the public in different societies and the environmental issue has become a global and social issue. In this regard, the current research has also been conducted with the aim of sociological investigation of factors affecting environmental activities. The research method of the current study is survey type. The statistical population includes all environmental activists in Marivan and Baneh cities, 385 of who were selected through Cochran's statistical formula and stratified probability sampling in order to collect information. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire based on the qualitative part of this research, and the data analysis software is SPSS software. The results of Pearson's r correlation test show that the correlation between all the independent variables of the research includes attitude towards environmental activity as a political matter, attitude towards environmental activity as an aesthetic matter, attitude towards environmental activity as an economic matter, attitude towards Environmental activity as a religious matter and attitude towards environmental activity as a health matter were statistically confirmed with the environmental activity variable at a significance level less than 0.01. Also, the results of the multivariate regression analysis indicate that the independent variables in the regression model have been able to explain and predict 65.4% of the changes in environmental activities. Meanwhile, the environmental activity variable as an aesthetic issue has had the greatest impact on the dependent variable.

This article draws on the research of Kordestan Province Residents to find out the correlation between language identity and language identity development. The present research is a descriptive survey, a type of correlational research method. For this purpose, 407 questionnaires were distributed among statistical samples. Sampling was done by proportional classification method. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained and confirmed by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha and its validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The study was done in the light of  Khatib and Rezaei (2013(and  Taylor (2010) method, the language identity and the second language identity model. To test the research hypothesis, correlation test, Pearson test and structural equation model were used. The results show that except for pronounciation, there is a meaningful negative correlation among the categories of language identity and language identity development in residents living in Kurdistan province and regarding  to language identity development, loyalty has the most explanatory role.

Languages symbolize identities. They are used to signal identities and even sometimes societies are categorized due to the language people speak. Thus, language plays a crucial role in constructing identity and its loss means the loss of certain identities. The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between language identity development and language loss among the residents living in Kurdistan province. This work is quantitative and applied in terms of survey methodology and purpose, respectively. The Taylor (2010) Standard Language Identity Questionnaire (2010) and the UNESCO Linguistic Death Questionnaire (2003) were used to collect data. For this purpose, 407 questionnaires were distributed among the statistical samples. Sampling was done by proportional classification method. The analysis of the findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between language identity development and its dimensions with language loss among the citizens living in Kurdistan province. It also revealed that among the various dimensions of language identity development variables, the expectation of others has the most explanatory role. The findings of this study also showed that although the dimensions of language identity affect language loss with an almost moderate intensity, It has left the way open for cultural activists and policymakers because the variables are manageable.

IntroductionRegarding the government’s withdrawal and the development of the market logic to different areas of social life, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have gained great importance as one of the centers of resistance against such a challenge. The institutions with the main function of healthcare activities are one of the most important NGOs. In recent years, the number of such NGOs has significantly increased due to the dramatic increase in healthcare costs in Iran, so it has been estimated that about 10000 health-related NGOs are active in the country (Hosseinkhani et al., 2016). Despite the importance and increase in the number of such organizations, there is limited research in this regard in Iran (Mohammadi et al., 2019; Damari et al., 2014; Khodayari-zarnagh et al., 2020); however, the existing studies have mostly investigated the functions of such organizations and their barriers to suggest strategies to improve their performance. But, the present study mainly addressed the problem from a critical and pathological perspective. To be more precise, this research aimed to study the pathology of such organizations and thus sought to study an example of such health-related NGOs[1] in the city of Isfahan to critically analyze its function. MethodologyTo collect data, the representatives of an NGO in Isfahan were interviewed to examine their experiences in this regard and the role of such organizations in developing their experiences. A purposive sampling method was used to select this organization and the interviewees. As common in qualitative research, the theoretical saturation method was used to determine the sample size, and the interviews were conducted with 12 representatives and employees of the organization. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The analysis started immediately after the first interview and, regarding the goals of the study, it has been tried to extract some abstract themes from the interviews. In addition, it was tried to use appropriate quotations from the interview texts to provide the research credibility.FindingsThe results showed that the charitable organization under study in Isfahan is working to provide palliative care in four domains, and is involved with problems and issues caused by the erosion of the quality of working life of the employees in objective aspects (defective service compensation system, inappropriate space and limited facilities and equipment, reduced professionalism, neglecting the development of the professional skills and personal characteristic, and neglecting the occupational future of the employees outside the organization); in mental aspects (high work pressure and tension, reduced job security, lack of transparency of the organization’s affairs, reduced quality of assigned tasks to employees); dysfunctional communication at internal levels within the organization (reduced quality of intra-and inter-group interactions, problems to identify issues, lack of bottom-up feedback, lack of communication between the board members and the employees); dysfunctional inter-organizational communication (lack of interaction between the branches of the organization, discriminatory view to the branches of the organization by the main office, failure in recruitment and participation processes), and extra-organizational communication (viewing patients as a commodity, and lack of supportive rules). Discussion and Conclusion In the analysis section, the results of the present study were compatible with the theoretical foundations of critics of the negative aspects of NGOs. The results also indicated that the organization under study moved away from the main goals and, according to the participants, it faced criticism in the objective and subjective fields of the employees’ quality of life, as well as the intra-inter- and extra-communication levels. However, it should be noted that if the NGO under study can overcome the problems in serving cancer patients, its performance will be more in line with the theory of Durkheim, Habermas, and Burawoy, regarding the importance of the role of NGOs, because it prevents the market forces and government from making the patient their object, and on the other hand, it especially provides a space where the social subordinates can meet some of their medical needs. In this regard and to improve some of the mentioned problems, the main elements of the system, especially the government, should be involved in supporting health-related charitable institutions and their members including physicians, nurses, social workers, psychologists, experts, and even clients, as well as the Assembly to pass facilitating rules. Furthermore, the agility of executive institutions and decision-making of public institutions, as well as the deep change of views of the benefactors, managers, and executive staff of charitable institutions, and correction of their attitudes and the achievement of their goals toward ethical and humanitarian issues are of great importance. AcknowledgmentWe hereby thank the representatives and employees of the medical institution under study, who cooperated with us in conducting the study and shared their lived experiences and views with the research team. [1] The title of the center is not mentioned in this manuscript due to the ethical limitations of the research for publication.

The present article investigates and identifies the dimensions and components of human connection with environmental damage among environmental activists.

The method used was Strauss and Corbin's (contextual) data theory model. This research is a qualitative research that was conducted with theoretical sampling method and theoretical saturation technique. The research sample was 42 environmental activists from Baneh and Marivan cities, who were selected using a non-random sampling technique. Research data has been collected through semi-structured interviews.

The obtained results show that the totality of causal conditions (social and cultural factors (education, feeling insecure about pollution, nationalist identity), economic factors (income, fear of job future), political factors (environment as political identity) acceptability/unacceptability of the political system) and background conditions (environmental activity as a religious and health matter, the harmfulness of environmental pollution for the body, the realization of health in nature, the destruction of the environment causing pollution of food and the environment as an economy) and intervening factors (Environmental biology as belonging to language, ethnic and urban identity) has made environment as a social issue.

environmental activists use environmental problems as strategies of resistance, criticism of the government's systemic and institutional decisions, freedom from the domination of power, a kind of help to developmentbased programs and policies. In the end, the problematic consequences of the environment cause attention to economic inequalities, problematization of income reduction, raising awareness, becoming one-sided (excessive importance to the environment) and creating a space for criticism

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social and economic capital and the consumption of cultural goods among students of Azad and Payame Noor universities in Sanandaj city. For this, a model is presented that includes the variables of social capital, economic capital and consumption of cultural goods. The statistical population of this study includes students of Azad and Payame Noor universities of Sanandaj and the number of statistical sample was 372 people that selected by random classification method. In this research, inferential methods (t-test, linear regression and analysis of variance) and structural equations methods have been used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. SPSS software was used for this purpose. The results showed that the factors of social capital, social participation, social trust, social communication, economic capital and income are directly related to cultural consumption of cultural goods, but no relationship was found between quality of life and consumption of cultural goods.

One of the concepts that have been enthusiastically encountered in Iran's sociology in recent decades is the theory of cultural capital. This concept was first introduced by Bourdieu, and its purpose was to explain the disadvantages of Lower-class students at school. This concept has become very important in many areas such as stratification and culture and a great number of experimental researches has been done on it. At the same time, this concept has been criticized, in particular by racial-critical theorists. In this article, by reviewing the existing texts about cultural capital, we will present the most important criticisms raised in this field and we will introduce the cultural wealth model as a complement and also as an alternative to it. The purpose of the present article is to introduce, review and explain the components of the cultural wealth model which includes: aspirational, linguistic, social, navigational, familial, and resistant capital. The theoretical claim of the present article is that the concept of cultural wealth will give new insights to minorities and subordinates, and it will help to recognize and plan their various issues, also the design of this concept can be empirically grounded in many studies.

World population has encountered a major challenge called “population ageing” or “ageing tsunami” in the recent decades. The phenomenon roots in some factors including decrease of population growth rate, and the youth migration to cities. Field observations show that the rural ageing, in the rural areas of Badreh County, changed into a hidden social problem that has not been comprehensively addressed. Thus, this article aims to examine dimensions of the phenomenon.

The data were collected by means of grounded theory techniques, especially interview as the main technique, and observation, participant observation, and statistical data as complementary ones. In doing so, we have interviewed 21 people aged 65 and over, 12 women and 9 men, living in six rural areas of Badreh County, Ilam.

The findings indicate the elderly who live in the rural areas have been experiencing tough ageing. Poor social interactions, feeling of loneliness, lack of education, high degree of economic dependence on others including their families and supportive institutions, decline of social status, poor health, time suspension, and continuous change of occupations are the salient indices of this kind of rural ageing.

Rural ageing phenomenon may not be congruent with western ageing theories such as activity, disengagement, and continuity, mainly because the elderly keep going their previous activities, as far as they can, but those do not represent a successful ageing. The people are socially and economically dependent on their own families so they try to work to avoid higher level dependence on others or as a compensatory strategy.

One of the most important issues related to Sanandaj, which has been mostly represented in the local, regional and national media in recent years, is the issue of marginalization. The most important issue of marginalization is its role in the spread of social harms. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to identify social harms and the effective contexts and mechanisms in the formation of these harms. The theoretical basis of the research is the critical realism approach and in the method section, the combined method has been used. In the experimental section, the largest suburban area of ​​Sanandaj, namely Naysar, has been selected as the study bed. Findings showed that social harms in this area can be classified into three categories: serious, moderate and insignificant. At the same time, the most important mediating mechanisms of these damages are administrative and urban discrimination, stigma and lack of spatial affiliation. Finally, the effective contexts in the formation of social harms are the limitation of its possibilities and its various forms, economic and cultural poverty and cultural heterogeneity.

Architecture is a cultural context and place for reflecting individual and social beliefs, ideas and thoughts, and in different eras, throughout history, has illustrated diverse concepts of efficiency through form, function, and content. One of these concepts is nature, that has been present in the body and spirit of phenomena through and It affects on human sensory, cognitive and intuitive abilities via 1. Direct observation and influence of tangible elements as primary nature, 2. Involvement in nature and structural transformation of its elements as secondary nature, and 3. Concepts of nature abstractly abstracted in body and content. This multiplicity of times in different ages - from ancient mythical to new insights - has had a variety of meanings and depends on the components, according to the Foucault's ideas, discourses are their creator; Discourses that are the result of the power of society and contain statements that affect all structures of society. The First Pahlavi era in Iran is the transition from tradition to modernity and the era of innovative developments in architecture; national sweat and religious prejudice on the one hand and attachment to modern world developments on the other hand were influential components of these developments that led to there were various trends in architecture. Returning to the past, these tendencies embraced various concepts and adapted them to the conditions of society. In this period, internal and external political, social, and cultural developments have led to change in the structure of society. Undoubtedly, these variations interpreted the presence of nature and its derived concepts with new knowledge and insights. The main purpose of this study is to identify the discourses and their role in understanding the nature of the presence in the First Pahlavi period’s architectural index buildings. Foucault's Genealogy is research method and the technique of data analysis is discourse analysis. Foucauldian genealogy is a critical analysis attempting to disrupt common knowledge about things; it is an historical-analytical method that emphasizes disconnect, continuity and lack of oneness, and in search of evolutionary grand rules or profound meanings that make sense. It is a critical way of criticizing and analyzing the factors that have generated valuable concepts in the present time. Emphasis on the relationship of knowledge and the emergence of discourse in the intersection of power and knowledge and the impact of non-speech acts are among the issues encountered in this method. The results of the study show that the presence of nature and its implications in the architecture of the First Pahlavi period does not have a permanent and predetermined fixed identity and is not affected by the course of historical evolution; Rather, it is influenced by the presence of discourses that are formed in each period on the basis of the dominant characteristics of society and which have played a significant role in shaping their identities; In addition, the passage of time has not only contributed to the evolution and continuity of nature's presence in Iranian architecture, Rather, it has been the creator of disconnections that can be the prelude to the creation of a new form of domination and the discovery of new fact and knowledge in architecture.

In contemporary consumer society, people pay attention to their health and happiness, because any social and cultural activity and any form of self-construction is bodily oriented. Body management, in its complicated form, is completely pervasive among most of the social classes and groups. This research is about to study the contexts and reasons of people’s interests in consuming medical commodities and drugs among Sanandaj inhabitants. So the theory of consumer society is the theoretical framework of this research. The method of study is grounded theory and the data were gathered by way of individual deep interview, as a qualitative technique. Theoretical-purposeful sampling was selected to select the interviewed. The findings show that social-normative expectations and financial-cultural challenges are facilitating contexts, while commodification of health and beauty and consumerism are casual conditions of this phenomena. Gaining social approval, social opportunities and identification are the main reasons, moreover, commodification of body, individualization of identity and mental disorders are the most important consequences of this phenomena.

  Nature-based ornaments are the integral part of Iranian architecture which has a kind of communication with the audiences picturing a world of values and thoughts by using geometric and non-geometric motifs. As time went by new structural and conceptual changes were created so that, by the birth of new discourses in Iran, in the Pahlavi period, they took a different appearance and presented various concepts to the audiences.Research

The purpose of the study is to identify and interpret the concept of nature in ornament of architecture in the Pahlavi period with exploration in discourse approach.

The present study was a qualitative research and data were collected by using documentary and field studies. For analyzing data, the discourse analysis technique was used.

The concept of “nature” in ornament manifested itself following nationalism, traditionalism, and westernization discourses of the First Pahlavi under the domination of the “political-religious power” and traditionalism, historicism, and modernism discourses of the Second Pahlavi under the domination of the “cultural-historical power” and “modern technology”, through “form” and “content” in the form of implicit and explicit meanings in architectural orientations. These discourses are derived from the ancient narratives, Islamic beliefs, and the classical order in the ornament forms through abstract and non-abstract pictures by representing the perceptible elements of the world around. On the other hand, they transformed new messages to the audience, by representing the meanings derived from the archetype symbols (which in the past were the manifestation of unity, power, and immortality). The generated meanings and the social consequences of nature’s manifestation in the ornament Pahlavi period and in the context of “the dominant discourses and the power phenomenon” are: legitimizing the government’s policies, by displaying the government’s political power and the cultural power of society, creating national solidarity, and aligning with the world transitions.

Overweight and obesity are one of the most public health problems in the world. Considering obesity prevalence and its widespread health, economic, psychological, and social consequences, this study aimed to explain the consequences of obesity among women and men in the Kurdish region of Mukryan.

The present qualitative study was conducted in the Mukryan Kurdish region in West Azerbaijan province in Iran from June 2017 to November 2017. Data were collected by deep interview, focus group and dialogue with 111 obese and thin men and women and various fields experts who were selected by purposive sampling, and analyzed by qualitative content analysis technique of conventional type and Graneheim and Lundman steps.

Data analysis results were classified into two categories and 12 subcategories: Favorable consequences of normal obesity (social acceptance, internalization of obesity, and reproduction of the family institution), unfavorable consequences of extreme obesity (decreasing agency, physical‑psychological dysfunctionalities, family fragility, prevalence of passive leisure, clothing obligation, social objectivity, exogenous and endogenous social exclusion, imposing economic costs, and devaluation of life).

With due attention to unfavorable consequences of extreme obesity on health, illness, social issues and costs, simultaneously with the adoption of preventive approaches to obesity through targeted policies in education, health literacy, promotion of sport culture, development of sports context especially for women, improving recreational facilities, etc., appropriate planning and interventions should be designed and applied for changing the behavior, culture, and community beliefs in dealing with obesity phenomenon.

The paper aims to examine the population ageing as a new phenomenon effecting rural areas in Iran. Population ageing is going up throughout the country especially in the rural areas by 6.8 percent. fertility decline, increase in the youth migration to cities, and coming back to rural areas after retiring are the major factors which involve in rural ageing. This may jeopardize the communities. findings derived from conducted research indicated as the rural population ageing increases the elderly who are the resident of the areas will be faced with challenges such as lack of social security, inadequate access to health care services due to lack of proper infrastructure, Social isolation and loneliness etc. On the other hand, the rural shrinkage leads to metropolitan centers and prefectural capitals expand very rapidly, which results in over- crowding in some urban districts. In addition, resistance to change production modes, lack of creativity, innovation, and production development, reduction in productivity, decline in fertility, vicious circle of rural ageing, limited agriculture land falling into disuse, and threatening the economic security are the direct consequences of rural ageing threatening the whole country. So, if the policymakers pay no attention the rural ageing, we will encounter serious problem in the near future.

One of the important ways of studying of the personality and character of ethnics, nations and cultures is mainly accomplished via the opinions others formed about them. Since the onset of modernity, the West has been always a major other that explored every corner of the world. Along with colonial domination, the West has always tried to study and fathom other cultures in order to establish its domination and hegemony in every respect. Hence, the Kurds, like other Eastern cultures and important cultural groups in the Middle East, have always been the focus of the oriental studies. Accordingly, the present study attempts to investigate this issue and reveal the way the Kurds have been represented by orientalists. To achieve this goal, one of the earliest major texts i.e. “Narrative of a Residence in Kurdistan” has been studied. The result of this study indicates that in his travelogue Claudius James Rich applied a number of strategies including idealization, rituals of degradation, misrecognizing difference and exoticism. The Kurds were represented as a part of the Eastern culture compared to the Western culture and basically in stereotyped manners.

One of the most well-known concepts in the social sciences in recent years is the concept of capital. Pierre Bourdieu, the French sociologist, believes that “if we want to have the grasp of social world, we should introduce the idea of capital, its accumulation and impression to the social world, again” (Bourdieu, 2005:405). However, a revolutionary change took place in the concept of capital in recent decades and concept of new capitals have been introduced. Therefore, this concept has become more prevalent and entered into many areas of social life. Among new capitals, cultural and social capitals together with mechanism of changing such capitals into one another played an important role in experimental and theoretical investigations in sociological studies (Fazeli, 2003). Bourdieu believed that “the class structure of developed countries is not determined only by the economy but social and cultural capital and their relationship with one another should be considered as well” (Bourdieu, 2005:408). Therefore, the present study aims at investigating the relationship between access to cultural services and artistic goods with social capital and its dimensions among isfahani citizens.

This is a descriptive correlational study regarding data collection, cross sectional regarding time and extensive regarding depth. Statistical population of the study are citizens of region 14 of the municipal districts of Isfahan city, in the age range of 20 to 64 years old. 400 individuals among these citizens were selected using cluster sampling method to answer research questions, which were included in a researcher-made questionnaire.

In order to consider the main research question, first theoretical basis of the study was established. By focusing on the phenomenon of cultural turn and increasingly important role of culture in society, we argued that social and cultural capitals are also important as part of the cultural turn in the social and cultural development of the city. Then, views of the most influential theorists of social and cultural capitals such as Pierre Bourdieu and Robert Putnam were introduced. Bourdieu believes that social and cultural capitals have the ability to be transformed into one another in addition to economic capital. Although there will be some problems on the way of such transformations. Findings of the study show that there is not a significant relationship between access to artistic goods and cultural services with social capital. However, examination of other hypotheses of the study shows that there is significant (reverse and direct) relationship between access to artistic goods, cultural services and components of social capital such as feeling of security, social participation, social cohesion and civic participation. Generally speaking, the current study is not a proof of cultural turn and it does not confirm the view of Bourdieu regarding ability of capital to be transformed. It shows that there is not a meaningful relationship between access to artistic goods, cultural services and the three dimensions of social capital among citizens of Isfahan city. The results show that research variables are not suitable at the explanatory level. However, regarding the access to artistic goods and cultural services, according to the evaluated standard values of gamma coefficient, the scales of use of cultural artistic devices and facilities with the coefficient of 0.627, work creation with the coefficient 0.572 and ownership of artistic cultural goods with the coefficient of 0.390 have the highest correlations. Regarding dimensions of social capital, social norms with the load factor of 1.018, social trust with the load factor of 0.613 and social networks with the load factor of -0.932, correlations amount to structural grades of social capital.

The purpose of this study was critical understanding of economic consequences of emergence and development of border market from the view point of perception, interpretation and experience of the people. In fact, cross-border market in Kurdish regions has developed after the changes happened in Iraq in last decades. Hence, the study of the consequences of emergence and development of these types of markets is important from sociological point of view. This study, in theoretical section has its roots in theoretical perspective of theorists such as Bourdieu, Simmel, Polanyi, and Sandels and also in methodological section, critical ethnography method is used. The research context was Baneh Border Market that data were collected with the method of theoretical sampling, and interview, dialogue, focus group and documentary analysis. The findings presented using with method of open and axial coding method in two levels; descriptive and analytical. In descriptive level, research findings categorized in two axial categories of history of trade and border market in Baneh as well as growth and expansion of business and consumer spaces. In analytical level, research findings have also shown that most important consequences of border and trade market are servicization of society, increase of immigration, hegemonaization of money, undermine of the traditional modes of production, undermine of middle class, emergence of new-money wealthy merchants, increasing economic inequality and the commodification of space. In the end, the relationship of the results of the study with literature and theoretical perspective discussed and analyzed.
This article is an attempt to critical understands of economic consequence of emergence and development of border market from the point of view perception, interpretation and experience of the people. The reality is that cross-border market in Kurdish regions has development after Iraq changes in last decades. Hence, the study of the consequence of emergence and development of these markets is important in term of sociological approach. This study, in theoretical section used from theoretical perspective of theorists such as Bourdieu, Simmel, Polanyi, and sandels and also in methodological section, critical ethnography used. Society research was Baneh border market that with the method of theoretical sampling, sixty-five of person selected and interviewed. Also Findings with method of open and axial coding in two levels, descriptive and analytical, presented. In descriptive level, research findings categorized in two axial categories of history of trade and border market in Baneh as well as growth and expansion of business and consumer spaces. Also, In analytical section, findings research have shown that most important consequences of border and trade market are servicization of society, increase of immigration, hegemonaization of money, undermine of the traditional modes of production, undermine of middle class, increasing economic inequality and the commodification of space. In the End, relationship of the results of the study with literature and theoretical perspective discussed and analyzed.

The purpose of this study was to measure the cultural capital of classes based on their socioeconomic status among Isfahani citizens. The theoretical approach of this research was based on a combination of Pierre Bourdieu and Max Weber's theories. In terms of methodology, the present study used the survey research method, and the questionnaire technique was used to gather information. The sample of the present study included 400 citizens of Isfahan City aged 20 to 64 years living in 14 urban districts in 2014, who were selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. A one-way analysis of variance, eta coefficient, and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data. At a descriptive level, the obtained results showed that most of the citizens were in the middle class, and the amount of cultural capital and its dimensions were different among the classes, in a way that the lowest average belonged to the lower class, then the middle class, and the highest average belonged to the upper class. Also at an analytical level, the findings showed that the socioeconomic status had a significant relationship with the cultural capital, and among its dimensions, it played the greatest explanatory role in the context of institutionalized cultural capital.

The Main subject of this paper is lifestyle. The importance of lifestyle in social, cultural and political life, as well as its crucial fundamental consequences has led scholars in different fields to give attention to it. Accordingly, scholars in various fields such as sociology, psychology, cultural studies, anthropology, medicine and etc) have studied proportionally part of this phenomenon, according to the study.This term is the product of the modern world in which hobby choices and behaviors are considered to be based on individual choices and behaviors due to the weakening of structural variables such as social class. The modern world and its identifiers and changes, the increasing cultural capital in families, plenty of access to new elements and facilities, all have enormous and undeniable influences in shaping the lifestyles and consequently shaping identities that fit with the lifestyle.

This paper studies the effects of the social capital and its components on life satisfaction among the youth. Upon reviewing ideas the prominent classical theorists have put forward on the concept of social capital, we begin to deal with the theoretical as well as the empirical relationships as proposed to exist between social capital and life satisfaction. The approach used here is a combined or incorporative one. This is a survey-method research and the data has been collected through interviewing 410 young individuals between 15-29 years of age residing in urban section of the Paveh Township. Descriptive results of the study have shown that the degree of the youth's life satisfaction is medium but the degree of their social capital is estimated as high. Analytical results have also shown that among the different variables of social capital, the variable of knowledge and attention to social, political and public affairs have the most explanatory effect on life satisfaction situation.