mohammadreza abedi

Having one or two addicted parents in the family creates a wide range of challenges and problems for family members, especially young ones on the verge of marriage. The present study was conducted with the aim of discovering the psychological and social challenges and problems of Afghan boys who are on the verge of marriage and have drug addicted parent and obtaining a network of the themes of these challenges and problems. The research method was qualitative and the research design was thematic analysis. The statistical population was Afghan boys on the verge of marriage with drug addict parent (18 to 23 years old) living in Kerman and its suburbs, among whom 11 young people participated in the research. The method of selecting participants was snowball. A semi-structured interview was used in order to collect information. The findings of the research showed 362 primary codes, 34 basic themes, 9 organizing themes and one overarching theme. The extracted organizing themes were: psychological problems, stigma and social problems, economic problems, legal and regulatory problems, training problems, optimism, resilience, Informative experience, compassion for children of addiction. The overarching theme was the equanimity of these young people. Young people with addicted parent(s) faces many problems, including psychological problems that can disrupt their marriage process. Psychological and educational interventions can be an effective strategy in the field of addiction prevention, help with depression and anxiety, and increase the tenacity and resilience of these young people. According to the findings of this research, it can be concluded that parental addiction has a negative effect on young people's marriage and their common life.

The present study aimed to elucidate the experience of social support in the a​ftermath of a traumatic loss, during which the bereavement ceremony was prohibited. The study was conducted using a research method that combined social constructivism and grounded theory. Participants included all Iranian youth (over 18) in 2022 who experienced a traumatic loss and encountered restrictions in organizing memorials during the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 individuals, who were selected through purposeful and theoretical sampling. Charmez’s three-step coding method was implemented to analyze the data. The data was analyzed to extract four primary themes: the challenge in seeking social support, ways of seeking social support, alternative methods of social support, and the most effective social support along with 9 sub-categories. Additionally, nine subcategories were identified. The results indicate that the process of grief was further complicated by the communication limitations during emergencies. However, the redefinition of social support in such situations has the potential to develop novel coping methods for traumatized mourners. Therefore, it is advised that the results of this study be applied to the development of intervention protocols to expedite the bereavement process in the aftermath of such losses in emergency situations.

 The work role is one of the roles that have become important for the majority of people in the society in recent years, along with family roles. Based on this, establishing a balance between work and family roles has always been the focus of researchers. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating the model of work-family enrichment and investigating work counseling based on the model of facilitating work-family conflict. The research community included all faculty members and employees working in the University of Isfahan and all internal and external studies conducted on work-family enrichment from 2001 to 2022. The research was carried out by the method of exploratory mixed research design (qualitative-quantitative). Data in the qualitative part with the content analysis method (open, axial and selective coding) and using Max.Q.DA.24 software and in the quantitative part with the Structural Equation Modeling method and the Covariance Analysis method and using the AMOS-21 statistical software & SPSS-25 was analyzed. The findings of the research showed that the work-family enrichment model has eight dimensions of work role salience, family role salience, flexible work schedules, positive spiloner, family satisfaction, work satisfaction, career satisfaction and support with the mediation of attachment variable. Also, the results of Covariance Analysis showed that work counseling based on the designed model is effective in facilitating work-family and family-work conflicts (P<0.05).

Enthusiasts of Iranian culture and literature Subcontinental countries, etc. have always been in search of literary inspiration and a correct understanding of Persian Texts, they have been diligent in understanding them, and from their own and others' point of view, they have described works such as Ganjavi's Nezami Sharafnameh have been paid. In this article, the authors have emphasized the use of words, written morphology and grammar in the manuscripts of Ganjavi's Nezami Sharafnameh, using a library method. They describe them according to their linguistic and stylistic features. The results of this study, after briefly introducing the manuscripts of Sharafnameh's commentaries as scientific-literary texts, show that all the commentators have a good command of the Persian language in view of their geographical area, the Indian subcontinent, and explain the meanings and concepts in simple, comprehensible words and sentences. , explicit, clear and consistent with the standard language of India and even Iran at that time, they have directly transmitted. While writing in a simple way, they used Arabic and native words or the terms of literary techniques and...and avoided exaggeration and the use of synonyms In addition, in the written explanations, grammatical coordinates such as extra descriptive syntactic combinations, Arabic combinations and...are used and the prose has removed them from uniformity, so the style In terms of vocabulary and morphology, in the components of selection, invention and ...they are more in line with the features of Ghaznavid and Seljuk period (intermediate) prose, which indicates that their prose is scientific.

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Vantaaz parenting therapy on the internal and external problems of elementary school students with behavioral problems. The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research included all the primary school students of Shiraz city along with their parents who had referred to the counseling clinics of Shiraz city in the fall of 2021 for psychological problems. 30 mothers along with their students were selected as available and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. Pioneer parenting training intervention was conducted in 8 weekly sessions for 90 minutes. In order to collect data, Sperelfkin and Gado child symptom list and Connors short form behavior problems questionnaire for parents of Keith Connors were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariate covariance analysis were used with SPSS version 24 software. The results showed that vanguard parenting treatment had a significant effect on the internal and external problems of elementary school students with behavioral problems (P<0.001). The eta square showed that the parenting therapy explains 61% of the changes in the internal problems and 65% of the external problems of elementary school students with behavioral problems. According to the results of this research, it is suggested to use pioneer parenting therapy in reducing the internal and external problems of elementary school students with behavioral problems.

One of the challenges related to traumatic losses is the issue of mourning after them, because their survivors experience the symptoms of bereavement more intensely and for a longer period. The phenomenon of grief is an internal experience and like other events, it requires a process to go through so that the survivors can return to the normal flow of life afterwards.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a counselling package for traumatic loss in emergencies on self-compassion, post-traumatic growth, and depression in bereaved individuals.

This was an experimental study with pre-test, post-test, follow-up with control group. The population consisted of all bereaved men and women aged 19 to 40 who experienced traumatic loss in Isfahan in 2022. Thirty participants were selected using convenient sampling and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The counselling package was implemented only for people in the experimental group in six stages and with the number of 6 to 10 face-to-face sessions of up to 90 minutes. Data was collected using self-compassion questionnaires, post-traumatic growth, and Beck depression questionnaires. Data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS 22 software.

The results showed a significant difference in self-compassion, post-traumatic growth, and depression scores between the experimental and control groups at post-test (P<0.05), which remained after one month of follow-up.

The traumatic loss-counseling package can be effective in increasing self-compassion and post-traumatic growth while reducing depression in bereaved individuals during emergencies. This package can be used to facilitate the mourning process for people experiencing traumatic loss.

Academic Performance is one of the issues raised in the field of education, which not only affects the academic future of students from various dimensions, but also determines their fate in various fields. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of an educational package to prevent academic procrastination as well as treatment based on acceptance and commitment on academic motivation and performance of procrastinating students.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all secondary school students suffering from academic procrastination in city of Isfahan. Among them, 45 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into two experimental groups (educational package to prevent academic procrastination and treatment based on acceptance and commitment) and a control group (15 people in each group). Research tools included academic procrastination questionnaires (Solomon and Rothblum, 1984), academic motivation (Abdkhodaei et al., 2017) and academic performance (Pham and Taylor, 1999). In order to analyze the data, analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used.

The findings showed that the educational package of prevention of academic procrastination and treatment based on acceptance and commitment had a significant effect on the academic motivation and academic performance of procrastinating students (p<0.001) and there is a significant difference between the two interventions, so that the educational package to prevent academic procrastination has been more effective.

Those involved in the field of student education are recommended to use the educational package to prevent academic procrastination in order to solve students' academic problems, especially to improve academic motivation and academic performance

A growing body of systematic reviews focused on interventions that help workers to overcome job burnout. This overview aimed to synthesize the results of the job burnout interventions. 

Systematic reviews were searched in databases) PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, and Scopus) from inception to 2023, and included if they mentioned the results of at least one intervention, provided the details of the reviewed articles, received high scores in the quality assessment stage, and their full-text in English were available. 

Ten systematic reviews were identified that reviewed around 303 unique articles. At least 29 types of interventions were identified and categorized using narrative synthesis and thematic analysis methods. The interventions could be categorized into three main themes: precipitating-focused, emotional state-focused, and consequence-focused intervention. Each theme is further divided into change or acceptance-based interventions. 

Findings show that most interventions focused on changing the situations that cause or lead to job burnout. However, the interventions that focused on accepting emotional aspects of job burnout were the most effective programs. There are still some inconclusive results about several interventions, and some research gaps that need attention were discussed.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of quality of life therapy on the quality of parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent adjustment. A quasi-experimental design comprising a pretest, posttest, control group, and a two-month follow-up period was utilized for the study. The statistical population of the survey comprised second-year high school female adolescents residing in Isfahan during the 2020-2021 academic year. By means of purposive sampling, 35 adolescents were chosen at random and divided into experimental and control groups,with 18 adolescents assigned to the experimental group and 17 to the control group. Over the course of two months, mothers of adolescents in the experimental group participated in eighty-five-minute quality of life therapy sessions. A pre-test was administered prior to the intervention, and a post-test was conducted subsequent to the intervention. Following a gap of two months, the follow-up phase was conducted. Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCRQ) and California Individual-Social Adjustment Questionnaire (CISAQ) were utilized in this research. The data obtained from the research were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS-23 software. The results showed that quality of life therapy significantly influences the character of parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent adjustment (p<0.001). According to the findings of the present study’s findings, it is possible to conclude that quality of life therapy can be an effective method for enhancing parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent adjustment via training in adolescent communication with family members, support and acceptance of family members, and the substitution of irrational thoughts with logical ones.

In this research, the Doctoral Identity of Isfahan University students was investigated to discover what doctoral students are looking for in their definition and what factors played a role in the formation of their occupational identity.

The research is based on a qualitative approach, grounded theory, and charmas method. The population of this research included all Ph.D. students at Isfahan University. The theoretical and purposeful sampling method was used to select the research sample. Data was obtained through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 17 current and graduated Ph.D. students at Isfahan University. MAXQDA version 20 was used for data analysis

Based on the analysis of the interview data, a conceptual model of the doctoral identity of Ph.D. students was extracted, which demonstrates the process of constructing the identity of Ph.D. students.

The doctoral identity is the result of the cultural and social context in which students study. In the context of Iranian society, Ph.D. students define their identity as a "social actor." To develop the doctoral identity of students as a "motivated agent", there is a need for a reflective space (in the form of formal or informal courses) in the educational system of the doctoral course.

Mentalizing capacity is a fundamental skill in mutually respectful, stable and trusting relationships. The main purpose of the research is to investigate and compare the mentalizing capacity and emotional styles (emotional health) of married people with and without marital conflict. In this research, 160 participants (40 women and 40 men in each group) were selected from two groups of married men and women with and without marital conflict through available and voluntary sampling. Both groups individually responded to the emotional styles questionnaires of Kesebir et al.'s (2019) and Dimitrijević et al.'s mentalization (2018). The results of the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that there is a significant difference between the mentalizing capacity and the profile of the components of emotional styles (attitude towards life, resilience, social intuition, self-awareness, sensitivity to context and attention) of married people with and without conflict. The presence of unresolved conflicts in marital relationships reduces the mentalizing capacity and emotional health of people in the relationship. Therefore, these results reveal the necessity of providing measures to improve the mentalization capacity and emotional styles of high-conflict couples.

The present study was conducted to developing a counseling package based on parent-adolescent relationship and determining its effectiveness on the quality of parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent adjustment. The research method was qualitative, phenomenological, and the research method in the quantitative part was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the study included adolescents in Isfahan in the academic year 2020-2021 who are studying in the second year of high school. In the qualitative part, the sample consisted of 19 teenagers who were purposefully selected and subjected to in-depth interviews. In the quantitative part, in this research 35 adolescent were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (18 in the experimental and 17 in the control group). The mothers of the adolescent in the experimental group received the counseling package based on the parent-teenage relationship during 9 weeks in 9 sessions of 75 minutes. Pre-test was performed before the intervention and post-test was performed after the intervention. Two months later, the follow-up phase was carried out. The applied questionnaires in this study included Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (Fine, Moreland & Schwebel, 1983) and California Individual-Social Adjustment Questionnaire (Clark et al, 1953). The results showed that the counseling package based on the parent-adolescent relationship has sufficient content validity according to experts. Also, this counseling package had an impact on the quality of parent-adolescent interaction (P<0001; Eta=0.69; F=74.01) and individual (P>0001; Eta=0.59; F=47.73) and social adjustment.

Having a member with an autism spectrum disorder in the family creates a wide range of challenges and problems for the family members. The present study was conducted with the aim of discovering the thematic network of challenges and communication problems of families that have children with autism spectrum disorder. The research method was a qualitative approach with a thematic analysis method. The statistical population was families with autistic children (7 to 18 years old) in Isfahan city (240 families), eighteen families participated in the research. Participants were selected by purposeful sampling method. A depth semi-structured interview was used for collecting information. The results revealed 675 initial codes, 23 basic themes, five organizing themes, and one global theme. The extracted organizing themes were: social, personal, related to interaction with the child, lack of time and within the family issues. The global theme was also identified as the culture of avoiding autism. This research showed that pursuing an approach that encourages more acceptance of autism in the community can be the first step for improving the environment of destigmatization and reducing the culture of avoiding autistic individuals. In addition, cultural programs help raise awareness about autism and developmental disorders and also, could help to connect the families with early intervention resources

Our aim in this study is to investigate the effect of life narratives, specifically a narrative entitled "self- redemption ", on generativity and thus on well-being in Iranians.Self-redemption is an example of a life story in which the theme of redemption is at the heart of the story. In this type of story, negative scenes turn into positive situations that occur later. The aim of this study was to investigate how the self-redemption experience and its function in Iranian adults. In this narrative study, 57 Iranian adults in the age range of 20-60 years were selected by convenience sampling method. After completing the consent form to participate in the research, they were asked to complete a productivity test and a life story questionnaire. Individuals' responses to life story questionnaire questions were analyzed using McAdams coding method and generativity questionnaire data were scored using Likert scale and Pearson correlation method. The results of Pearson correlation showed that in the Iranian adult population, there is a significant relationship between self-salvation scores and productivity (P <0.05). The Iranian adult population does not define their stories in the theme of salvation, and they also score low on the productivity test.

This study aimed to compare the effect of a vocational rehabilitation program with CBT- based career counseling on career issues of persons with bipolar disorder.

 Methods and Materials: 

To; compare the effectiveness of the vocational rehabilitation program after sampling, the intervention was performed for people with bipolar disorder. The sampling method was purposeful in the first and available second stages. The effectiveness of the vocational rehabilitation program was compared with the control group waiting with CBT-based career counseling in three settings: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. To evaluate the research data, descriptive statistical indicators (mean and SD) and inferential statistical methods, multivariate analysis of variance test with repeated measures, were used.

The results showed that the vocational rehabilitation program was effective on career issues (p <0.0001) of people with bipolar disorder, and the effectiveness was also continuous after one-month follow-up (p <0.0001). CBT-based career counseling also on career issues (p <0.86) was ineffective.

It seems that the vocational rehabilitation program has a lasting effect on improving the career issues of people with bipolar disorder, and this approach can be used to develop the career of people with bipolar disorder.

Examining the model of career issues of people with bipolar disorder and formulating a vocational rehabilitation program based on it for these people was the aim of the present study.

Methods and Materials: 

This research consisted of two parts. The first part was to discover the career issues of people with bipolar disorder, which was extracted from three sources (articles published on the subject of career issues of people with bipolar disorder (N=34), interviews with people with bipolar disorder(N=48), and interviews with experts who have worked in this field(N=11)), which were extracted using a qualitative method (exploratory meta-synthesis). Then, based on these extracted factors, in the second part of the research, the model of career issues was designed, and finally, based on this model, the vocational rehabilitation program for people with bipolar disorder was prepared and formulated.

Based on the findings of the research in the career issues model of people with bipolar disorder; the conditional factors lead to the emergence of factors, developing career issues, and these factors also exacerbate the disorder symptoms and after the worsening of the disorder symptoms, the factors that accelerate career issues lead to the formation of career issues in the two areas of poor work performance and feeling work insecurity. Also, the findings showed that the occupational rehabilitation program for people with bipolar disorder includes three levels of intervention on people in the workplace, family members, and the person with bipolar disorder.

Discovering career issues and developing rehabilitation programs for bipolar disorder are necessary for improving the career and mental health of persons with bipolar disorder.

Due to the lack of an instrument for measuring the career issues of those with bipolar disorder, the present study was conducted to develop and examine the psychometric characteristics of the Career Issues Inventory for Persons with Bipolar Disorder (CII-BD).

To check the diagnostic validity, via purposive sampling and interviews by a psychiatrist, 108 people were selected from two sample groups (53 normal people and 55 participants with bipolar disorder). The items were extracted from three sources including scientific articles related to the career issues of bipolar people, interviews with individuals with bipolar disorder, and interviews with experts using the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) systematic qualitative method. Finally, the items of the CII-BD were reduced to 81 questions. Content, construct, and convergent validity plus factor analysis of CII-BD were also examined. The reliability of CII-BD was evaluated by internal consistency and test-retest method with seven weeks intervals after the initial implementation of the CII-BD.

The convergent validity of the sum score of CII-BD with the sum score of the symptom inventory of people with bipolar disorder among the sample of normal people and the sample of persons with bipolar disorder was (r=0.79, P<0.01, N=53) and (r=0.78, P<0.0001, N=53) respectively. In construct validity examination, nine subscales were extracted using the factor analysis method with varimax rotation, which included communication problems, poor work performance, insecurity, grandiosity, unreliability, change-seeking, vulnerability, lack of boundaries, and lack of self-control towards the opposite sex. In the reliability analysis, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.96 (N=55, participants with bipolar disorder) and 0.86 (N=53, normal people), respectively, P<0.05, showing the high internal consistency of CII-BD. The test-retest correlation coefficient of the sum scores of the CII-BD was r = 0.91, P < 0.01, which indicated the credible stability of the CII-BD.

The CII-BD is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the specific career issues of bipolar persons and their early vocational rehabilitation. It is suggested that future research should focus on choosing a job and job placement for bipolar disorder persons.

Each organization tries to keep its valuable assets in order to guarantee its survival and development. Human resources are the most valuable organization asset; therefore it is necessary to reduce their challenges while increasing their acctualization. The purpose of this study is to assign the quality of work life improvement program effectiveness on employee work-family conflicts based on perceived job security moderating role and self-actualization based on optimism moderating role. The research statistical population was 30 production employees of NahanGol company at Borujen, who participated in the study based on random sampling in terms of two experimental and control groups. The data gathering tools included the work-family conflict scale (Carballo-Penela & et al, 2018), the perceived job security questionnaire (Hockman, 1986 quotes Goretzki, 2016), self-actualization scale (Faraci and Cannistraci ,2015) and the life orientation test (Scheier & Carver, 1985). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, path analysis, linear regression and structural equations model using SPSS24 and AMOS softwares. The results showed that the improving quality of work life training program reduces work-family conflicts in epmloyees with medium or low level of perceived job security and increases the self-actualization in employees who are more optimistic.

Measuring children's career development is very important for their future success in work environment, education and life in general. However, existing measures somehow lack the necessary validity and reliability, highlighting the need for better tools. The present study was conducted to prepare a standard table for the childhood career development scale among lower elementary school students in Isfahan.

The present study was a descriptive study of standardization type. The study population included all the lower elementary school students of Isfahan in 2022, from which 351 students were selected by random-cluster sampling. The research tools were Childhood Career Development Scale (Schultheiss & Stead, 2004) and Career Adapt-Ability Scale—Short Form (Maggiori, Rossier & Savickas, 2015). For data analysis, the descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage were used. Cronbach's alpha was used to check the internal consistency of the scale and correlation coefficient was applied to determine convergent validity. Data were analyzed by SPSS22.

The reliability criterion used in this study was Cronbach's alpha which showed relatively high reliability of the tool (0.94). Also, there was a significant correlation between the components of the tool (52.036). Results of convergent validity showed that this tool is significantly correlated with Career Adapt-Ability Scale-Short Form (0.78, P=0.001).

Overall, findings showed that the Persian version of the Childhood Career Development Scale is sufficiently valid and reliable to measure this concept in Iranian children. It is suggested to carry out more researches in different groups, in order to benefit from this tool and enhance its efficiency.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive parenting therapy on the internal and external problems of children with behavioral problems.

The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research included all primary school children of Shiraz city along with their parents who had referred to the counseling clinics of Shiraz city in the fall of 2019 for psychological problems. 30 mothers along with their children were selected as available and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. Positive parenting training intervention was conducted in 8 weekly sessions for 90 minutes. In order to collect data, Sperelfkin and Gado child symptom list and Connors short form behavior problems questionnaire for parents of Keith Connors were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariate covariance analysis were used with SPSS version 24 software.

The results showed that positive parenting treatment had a significant effect on the internal and external problems of children with behavioral problems (P<0.001). The mean post-test scores of the experimental group in the internal problems variable (F=31.92 P<0.001) and in the external problems variable (F=381.3 P<0.001) have decreased significantly. Eta square showed that positive parenting treatment explains 41% of changes in internal problems and 36% of external problems of children with behavioral problems.

According to the results of this research, the use of positive parenting therapy in reducing the internal and external problems of children with behavioral problems is suggested.

In recent years, spirituality has been recognized as one of the positive structures in mental health. Based on this, the current interdisciplinary research aims to design a model of spiritual counseling based on Masnavi Manavi. Masnavi is one of the most important sources of spirituality in the world based on Islamic mysticism. Rumi is one of the greatest Islamic mystics who defined and used love in its deepest and widest form.

This research was conducted using the qualitative method of content analysis based on the categories extracted from Mawlawi's Masnavi and articles related to spirituality. Considering the keywords of mysticism and Masnavi, 542 verses from six Masnavi books were extracted, coded, and classified in a table.

Out of a total of 558 central categories, there were 67 categories of common concepts, which were categorized into three stages: Spiritual Awakening, Spiritual Maturity (love), and Spiritual Manifestation (characteristics of love) along with the related subsets. Finally, the model of spirituality was designed.

This model can play an important role in the growth and excellence of today's humans due to its harmony with the modern approaches of psychology as well as its adaptation to mystical culture and texts. From this model, twelve therapy sessions were extracted as a package of spiritual counseling.

Emotional intelligence defined as the ability to express and manage emotions appropriately, as well as to show respect for others' feelings- is a set of skills that children can learn at any age. The main purposes of the present study were to develop the Emotional Intelligence scale for 4-to-6-year-old children in Isfahan, as well as to assess the psychometric properties of the scale.

This research was carried out using the descriptive-survey method. The statistical population was cconsisted of all 4-to-6-year-old preschool children in Isfahan in 2016, with 530 (265 girls, 265 boys) selected as the study sample using a quota sampling method. The convergent validity was assessed using Mardiha's Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (2014) and the newly developed  Emotional Intelligence scale for Four-to-Six-year-Old Children. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 and LISREL-8.5 which yielded correlation coefficient, heuristic, and confirmatory factor analysis. Also, the content validity of this scale was confirmed by 5 psychology experts

The findings from factor analysis indicated that the eigenvalues for the five factors, i.e., intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptation, stress management, and general mood, exceeded 1; therefore, they could explain 44.211% of the items' variance. The results also showed that the model fit index is at a desirable level. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.95 for the whole scale (it was more than 0.7 for each factor).

It can be concluded that the 32-item emotional intelligence scale for 4-to-6-year-old children is a suitable instrument to be used in different areas of psychology, education, and training.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mediating role of job search self-efficacy, complexity perception, and luck readiness variables in the relationship between career adaptability and employability among Iranian job seekers.

Data gathered using volunteer sampling and recruited a sample of 719 Iranian job seekers. The data was analysed using structural equation modeling. They were administered Career Adapt-Abilities Scale, Job Search Self-Efficacy Scale, Complexity Perception Index, Luck Readiness Index, and Employability Scale.

The results showed that the effect coefficients of career adaptability on job search self-efficacy (γ = 0.75 and p< 0.001), complexity perception (γ = 0.64 and p< 0.001), luck readiness (γ = 0.88 and p< 0.001), were statistically significant. Furthermore, the effect coefficients of job search self-efficacy (β = 0.39 and p< 0.001), complexity perception (β = 0.17 and p< 0.001), and luck readiness (β = 0.6 and p< 0.001) on employability, as an endogenous dependent variable, were statistically significant. Career adaptability was also indirectly related to employability through these variables.

In general, according to the findings of this study based on the existence of an indirect relationship between career adaptability and employability, it should be noted that in order to increase employability, it is necessary not only to pay attention to adaptability, but also to strategies for increasing job search self-efficacy, perception of complexity based on an open thinking system, and readiness for luck.

Aim the present stady was aimed at compareing the effects of career counseling methed based on Holland`s theory, social cognitive career theory, and solution-focused counseling on career well-being of high school students in Isfahan city. 

The research methodology was, semi- experimental method with pre-test design post- test is and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of all secondary school students in Isfahan was in the 98-97 academic year. The sampling was done in three steps. using simple random sampling, 10 subjects were selected for each group. Based on this, 3 experimental groups of boys with a control group and 3 experimental groups of girls with a control group were formed.

The results indicated that, there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding (p<0/001) the career well-being. The difference between the grades of the eight groups indicated that the interventions based on the career counseling based on Holland`s theory, social cognitive, and solution-focused on necessity objective square tests occupational autonomy professional growth positive organizational relationships.

The counseling method of social cognitive career and circuit - oriented solution is more effective in counseling with students.

Background &

Considering the lack of research in finding an effective approach in the field of bipolar disorder management and the career success of people with this disorder, the present study aims to compare the effectiveness of vocational rehabilitation programs with career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach on the career success of them, and the following questions were answered: Is the effect of a vocational rehabilitation program with career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach different on the subjective career success of people with bipolar disorder? Is the effect of the vocational rehabilitation program different from career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach to the objective job success (income) of people with bipolar disorder? Is the effect of the vocational rehabilitation program different from career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach to the objective career success (promotion) of people with bipolar disorder?

The design of the current research was semi-experimental, of a pre-test-post-test-fallow-up type with a waiting group. All participants referred by a psychiatrist to a counseling clinic and diagnosed as having bipolar disorder were purposefully selected for the research, and among them, the volunteers were interviewed and diagnosed with a clinical interview based on the criteria of the DSM-5.  To select the research sample, inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered. 24 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to groups. 8 people in the experimental group with a vocational rehabilitation program, 8 people in the experimental group with career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach, and 8 people in the waiting group. Before starting the interventions, a pre-test was taken from all 24 participants. After that, the people assigned to the two test groups received the relevant interventions in 10 sessions of 100 minutes (in the experimental intervention with the vocational rehabilitation program and the career counseling intervention based on the cognitive-behavioral approach) and the people present in the waiting group did not receive any intervention. The people participating in the interventions did not have any knowledge or contact with each other, and they tried to maintain is lack of knowledge and communication until the end of the intervention and prevent the exchange of information. For the vocational rehabilitation program and career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach, a pre-developed program was used separately, the validity and reliability of which had been checked and confirmed (5). Moreover, the vocational rehabilitation program, in addition to 10 intervention sessions for the individual with bipolar disorder, included two intervention sessions for the family and two sessions for the employer or his colleague, which are carried out if the individual needs and consents to these two intervention sessions were down. At the end of the interventions, all the people in the experimental and waiting groups filled out the questionnaires again as a post-test. One month after the implementation of the post-test, the research samples filled out the research questionnaires for the third time to implement the follow-up phase. To measure the subjective dimension of career success, the job satisfaction questionnaire (29) and the objective dimension of career success were measured by measuring the amount of income and job promotion. Research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (variance analysis with repeated measures) using SPSS V. 16 software (30). Based on the background of the research, pre-test variables, age, and gender were covariate.

In the post-test stage, the vocational rehabilitation program showed more effectiveness in subjective career success than the career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach (p<0.007) and the waiting group (p<0.006), but none of the two interventions, there was no significant effect on objective career success (p<1). Also, in the follow-up phase of the vocational rehabilitation program, it was more effective on subjective career success than the career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach (p<0.003) and the waiting group (p<0.0001), but between the scores of the participants in the intervention of career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach and the waiting group no significant difference was observed (p<0.26). Besides, there was no significant difference between the objective career success scores (income) of the participants in the two research interventions and the waiting group (p<0.2). In comparison, between the objective career success scores (promotion) of the participants in the two research interventions, there was no significant difference with the waiting group (p<0.36).

According to the data obtained from the results of the research, it can be said that the vocational rehabilitation program has been effective in increasing subjective career success scores, and even after one month of receiving the intervention, the effectiveness of this method has not decreased. Also, career counseling based on the cognitive-behavioral approach has not been effective in the subjective career success of people with bipolar disorder. Besides, none of the two interventions have been effective on the objective career success (income and promotion) of the people participating in the research. In general, according to the results of the research and the explanations presented, it seems that considering the clinical observations, the subjective career success of people with bipolar disorder during the interventions, especially in the vocational rehabilitation program, compared to the career counseling based on the Cognitive-behavioral approach more specifically deals with the career and its appendices, and in addition to managing people, it teaches a person how to build and deal with a real career future. Therefore, it is not far-fetched that a specialized vocational rehabilitation program that is specially designed for vocational interventions will be more effective (5). It is also important to note that increasing income is not a short-term process and requires a long time (34). In addition, this research coincided with the era of Coronavirus and the recession and closure of businesses (36), but under the influence of the interventions, at least the previous income level of the individual in these challenging conditions was maintained. Based on the clinical evidence from the reports of the people present in the research, especially the people who participated in the intervention of the vocational rehabilitation program, after participating in the intervention, these people were able to achieve a higher human credit status in the workplace than before, and the positive feedback of people around these people has confirmed that. Therefore, it seems that in addition to the objective promotion, maybe we can have a word called spiritual promotion, which based on the positive feedback these people received from the people around them at the workplace, is considered a great career success for these people. Will be In fact, it may be possible to talk about the existence of a kind of spiritual promotion in the workplace, which has not been mentioned in research so far (5). This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of the vocational rehabilitation program in increasing the career success of people with bipolar disorder. This new perspective can be used as a reliable source on the career interventions of people with bipolar disorder and can be effective as an early rehabilitation intervention in reducing the career issues of these people.