mohammadreza amiri fahlyiani

Tourism activity is a global industry, and thus it is exposed to global risks. Covid-19 and tourism are intricately connected. Tourists were among those who suffered the most damage in the initial stages of the disease outbreak. They became carriers of this disease and eventually became victims of travel and tourism. In the 21st century, the two driving factors for change in the tourism industry are climate change and global health emergencies. Urgent attention to this event and the future of travel and tourism is necessary in a world where disease outbreaks and epidemics are increasingly being considered due to increased travel and ease of access to destinations worldwide. Concerning practical purpose, the present research has been carried out using the survey method at the exploratory level based on the future research approach. In this research, using the Delphi method and the participation of 34 experts, the results were analyzed in the Mic Mac software environment. Then these factors were determined based on the degree of importance and uncertainty, prioritization, and the most critical factors to identify the drivers. A key from the software (Mic Mac) is used. The results show that ten variables were identified as vital drivers among the 36 effective variables discovered in the future state of Shiraz tourism. The results indicate that the key driver of the non-publication of the statistics on the incidence of covid-19 with a score of 92 has the highest impact factor on other variables. Also, the lack of a single plan to deal with this crisis is the municipality's cooperation to monitor health more. Public places and spaces were identified in the agenda of the development of healthy city policies as other key drivers of tourism and obstacles to improving the tourism situation during the occurrence of infectious diseases in Shiraz metropolis.

Assessing and managing the impact of large-scale epidemics considering only the individual risk and severity of the disease is exceedingly difficult and could be extremely expensive. Economic consequences, infrastructure and service disruption, as well as the recovery speed, are just a few of the many dimensions along which to quantify the effect of an epidemic on society's fabric. Scenarios tell future stories that are likely to occur in the form of stories and provide alternative narratives about situations related to the future development of epidemics. Scenario writing is one of the best and most powerful tools for recognizing and examining the future of science, which can be used to identify and examine future environmental changes and uncertainties In terms of practical purpose, the present research has been done in terms of exploratory method at exploratory level and based on futures research and scenario approach. And reduction policies using effective indicators in the social resilience of Iran's metropolises with the sample case of Ahvaz metropolis with a future approach, provides research on the prevalence of epidemics. Propulsion forces are identified by a specific Delphi method, and then these factors are prioritized based on the degree of importance and uncertainty, and the most critical determinants are used, and Micmac software is used to write possible scenarios. According to the research findings, among these factors, inflation is the most key factor in the social resilience of the metropolis in the face of infectious diseases. Have been calculated.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of method, it is exploratory and based on the future research approach and has been conducted in the period of October 2021. The present study, by implementing the resilience framework, develops a community approach to optimize containment programs and mitigation policies using effective indicators in rural social resilience with a case study of Fahlian village with a future approach. It provides research on the prevalence of epidemics. 35 key variables were identified by the Delphi method. Then these variables were prioritized based on the degree of importance and uncertainty using Micmac software and the most critical factors were identified and the wizard scripting software was used to write possible scenarios. The statistical population of this study is 31 experts in the field of rural issues. The results showed that the variables of diet, income, poor health facilities, lifestyle, ability to compensate, inflation and poverty in the village of Fahlian are the most important variables of social resilience in dealing with the spread of the disease. Infectious diseases and coronas were identified and then the main social resilience scenarios were defined by Wizard Scenario software, which was a favorable and promising situation. The most important proposal for the resilience of this village in the face of infectious diseases is to help the authorities to attract health facilities and also attract specialized doctors to address the medical issues of Fahlian village and Nurabad city.

Citizenship is an undeniable fundamental right that is essential to human life. And is one of the most important and influential factors in the development and welfare of society and refers to a set of civil, political and social rights that individuals enjoy due to membership in a government and a nation and are protected by law and Is supported. In this study, we aim to identify the key factors affecting the future status of infectious diseases arising from citizenship rights in Iranian cities with a case study of the city of Noorabad, as well as scenario planning. The present study, in terms of applied purpose, has been conducted in terms of survey method at the exploratory level and based on the futures research approach. The present study, by implementing a resilience framework derived from citizenship rights, provides a comprehensive approach to optimizing containment programs and mitigation policies using variables affecting the social resilience of Iranian cities in the face of infectious diseases. Covid 19 presents a case study of the city of Noorabad, Fars with a futuristic approach. Initially, using the Delphi method and a survey of urban and health experts, 32 effective primary variables were identified. Then, with the participation of 35 experts on urban issues, the results were analyzed in Mick Mac software environment. Among these factors, 10 factors were selected as key factors using this software and were used as the basis for developing scenarios. Also, the research findings indicate that among these variables, general and non-transparent citizenship rights, social inequality, lack of physicians Weakness of unity, inflation, high cost of housing, poor vitality, poor support, poverty, social trust are the most important key factors of civil rights on the prevalence of infectious diseases and Covid-19 in Iranian cities with the case study of Noorabad, Fars.

Cities are a source of creativity and technology and engines for economic growth. cities are also a source of poverty, inequality and environmental health risks. In this study, the coronavirus environmental crisis that humanity is currently suffering from and challenging, in terms of power relations, intervention, appropriation in the urban environment that is the result of political ecology and its effects on urban space with the structural analysis approach is examined. The present study, in terms of applied purpose, has been carried out in terms of survey method at the exploratory level and based on the future research approach. In this study, the drivers of the impact of political ecology through text-mining in valid domestic and foreign documents and the opinion of a group of experts have been investigated. by holding a joint Delphi meeting of experts, the impact of the identified propulsions on each other has been weighed and discussed. Then the position of each propellant was checked through "Mikomak" software. The results indicate that the drivers of income deficit, income inequality, marginalization and social inequality, have been identified as key effective forces of political ecology by experts that are effective in the future spread of infectious diseases in the city.

Today, security is one of the indicators of the quality of life in the city and plays a crucial role in improving and improving the quality of urban life, living comfortably, and achieving a sustainable city. Knowing about the sense of security of the residents of a community has an influential role in recognizing the challenges and solutions for the development of a community and working to strengthen its infrastructure. Many factors play a role in the formation and emergence of violent behaviors, among the most important of which are defenseless spaces that have various effects on urban spaces and the lives of citizens, which increase crimes and decrease citizens’ sense of security. It has the most impact. Defenseless spaces are dead from the point of view of protection but active and alive from the point of view of anomalous space issues, which become the place of occurrence of all kinds of urban crimes due to neglect, planning, and incorrect and simplistic planning. In this study, the role of defenseless urban spaces in the occurrence of crime has been identified and investigated, emphasizing the 9th district of Tehran.

he research method is based on library, documentary, and field studies and the statistical population of this research is the residents of the 9th district of Tehran municipality. In order to determine the sample size among the residents of the area, using Cochran’s formula, the necessary sample size of 150 people was obtained, which was randomly distributed among the residents of the region. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the designed questionnaires is 0.896 (higher than 0.7), which indicates the high reliability of the questionnaire questions and the internal correlation of the questions to measure the research variables. The results of the data obtained through the software ARC GIS, Expert Choice, Super Decisions, Excel, IDRISI, as well as Analytical Hierarchy (AHP), Analytical Network Model (ANP), TOPSIS, VIKOR, are examined, and the analysis is placed.

The research showed that about 56% of the residents have lived in this place for more than ten years, and it is at an average level in terms of physical vulnerability. Industrial and military centers are among the uses that can increase the number of defenseless points during a crisis, so there is an inverse relationship between the number of defenseless points and the distance from these uses. In other words, the greater the distance from these uses, the fewer defenseless points. The criteria of social abnormality, lack of lighting facilities, and pollution have also won the first to third ranks, respectively. Therefore, the effective fields have an effect on creating and strengthening the defenseless urban space in the 9th district of Tehran. According to the results obtained by examining the Vikor method’s conditions, both Vikor conditions have been violated. Therefore, a set of consensus solutions can be used to rank the options. It is common to base the ranking of options on the Vikor index. Thus, according to the VIKOR index, the neighborhood of Ostad Moin has the best situation among other neighborhoods in Region 9. Moreover, based on the findings of the research, the spatial, social, and psychological quality is directly related to the reality of the defenseless urban space in the 9th district of Tehran. The ranking based on the Vicor index showed that the Ostad Moin neighborhood has the best condition among the other neighborhoods of the 9th district. The social anomaly with a beta of 0.398 has had the highest impact on spatial quality compared to inappropriate uses and lack of recreational space. The regression analysis results show that the spatial, social, and psychological quality at the level of (α<0.01) can predict the defenseless urban space of District 9 of Tehran Municipality. The research results indicate the insecurity and undesirability of the 9th district of Tehran in terms of defenseless spaces, which have several indicators. The absence of a specific plan from related organizations for such spaces brings nothing but the escalation of violence, insecurity, increase in crime rates, and the departure of the native population of the neighborhood.

One of the necessary measures to reduce damage and adaptations is the optimal location of users. If urban uses are placed carefully, many costs created for the city, both in terms of health and in terms of time, will be saved. Urban density and urban infrastructure, including water, electricity, gas, telephone, city communication network, etc., play an essential role in the degree of vulnerability of the city. Flexibility in the form of the city, contiguity, and compatibility of uses with each other, proportional distribution of urban density, including residential density, population density, etc., having an efficient and hierarchical communication network, construction of infrastructure facilities and urban infrastructures in a reliable, resistant and capable manner. Restoration is one of the essential factors of urban development. On the one hand, the expansion of communication networks and urban infrastructures, the lack of observance of the most basic safety points in urban constructions, and the unplanned growth and development of the city have created the conditions for causing much damage in times of crisis. The final results of our study show that region 9 is at an average level in terms of physical vulnerability.

Future scenarios of the effects of the spatial and functional structure of Iran's metropolitan areas on the growth and prevalence of infectious diseases and COVID-19 (case study; Ahvaz metropolis)IntroductionThe health of individuals and populations is affected by the environment in which they live. Some environments harbour more pathogens than others and population densities vary across environment, which influences disease transmission dynamics. Moreover, variation in resource distribution across environments can determine movement patterns, which can expose individuals to new pathogens, but also contribute to their health by increasing activity. The built environment can be modified to promote healthy behaviours and reduce the risk of contracting a disease. The metropolis of Ahvaz, as the administrative-political center of Khuzestan province and the center of the southwestern region of the country with a population of 1.3 million people in 2016, has a special political and economic position so that this city is about One-fourth of the urban population of Khuzestan province. The population of the problematic areas of Ahvaz metropolitan area is about 340,000 people, which occupies approximately 4,500 hectares of the total area of the city (21%) . Existence of large industrial factories, administrative and industrial facilities, South Oilfields Company, National Iranian Drilling Company, Pipe Manufacturing, Carbon Black, Pipe Rolling, Axin Steel and Khuzestan Steel Ahvaz have become one of the most important industrial centers in Iran and this is why It has caused many immigrants to come to this city. For this reason, Ahvaz is facing an environmental pollution crisis, which has faced a significant and dangerous increase in pollution in the last decade, and in 2013, Ahvaz was named the most polluted city in the world in the international media. In this article, we will discuss the future effects of the environment on chronic and infectious diseases in Iran's metropolises by case study of Ahvaz metropolis. And our goal is to review the indicators in the form of structural analysis that pave the way for further, deeper studies of each of these different cases that are rooted in the fabric of the structure and function of Iranian metropolises and, of course, part of the heart of these elements and determinants. Quality and vitality of the urban environment and a factor to improve the quality of the urban environment and consequently the physical and mental endurance of citizens in the face of infectious diseases and Quaid 19, which has been invading the cities of the world and Iran for some time. We have placed many human and social. With the future research approach, we identify the key factors and drivers and the effects of these key factors on the structure and function of Ahvaz metropolis when faced with infectious diseases and scenario building in this field. Finally, the main question of the present study is that what are the key factors affecting the future of the effects of the structure and function of Iranian metropolises on the case study of Ahvaz metropolis when faced with epidemic diseases and the future?Matherials & MethodsThis research is in terms of the type of applied-theoretical research and in terms of the nature of descriptive-analytical research, and the method of data collection is also library and field. Also, in terms of nature, it is based on new methods of future science, research, analysis and exploration that have been done using quantitative and qualitative models. In exploratory designs, a measurement tool is usually developed through qualitative research. For this purpose, by collecting and analyzing qualitative data, the main aspects of the phenomenon under study are determined. These aspects are considered as the desired dimensions for compiling data collection tools. The data of this study were collected through interviews with experts and then ranked by Delphi method. The criteria for selecting experts were theoretical mastery, willingness and ability to participate in research and access, which is described in the table below of the specifications of the experts referred to..Discussion of ResultsTherefore, this study aims to assess the awareness and attitude of experts on the effect of effective factors on the structure and spatial function of Iranian metropolises on exacerbating or weakening the effects of infectious diseases using structural analysis. In the framework of futuristic studies and using the scenario approach, while measuring the general situation of the structure and function of Ahvaz metropolis, its stability or instability pattern can also be seen from the spatial distribution of variables at the level of charts and outputs of Mic software. Mac received. Also, the almost high percentage of filling coefficient (83%) in the research variables confirms the validity and reliability of the research tools at an almost high level. For this purpose, the present study, while measuring the direct effects of variables, has also considered the dimensions of the impact and indirect and potential competence of variables in the spatial arrangement of variables and the development of key propulsion forces and final scenarios.Also, the analysis of the obtained information confirmed that the indicators of urban structure and function are unstable in the fight against infectious diseases in Ahvaz, so that the continuation of the current situation will lead to the formation of a catastrophic scenario, and in the best case, If the current situation continues, the key features of the metropolitan structure and function of this metropolis will intensify social harms, weaken social capital and consequently weak social trust, social participation, inability to adapt to harms ... will.Conclusions worn-out urban fabric, population density, lack of income, migration, urban management weakness, were identified as key factors in the structure and function of metropolitan environment in the spread of infectious diseases and barriers to healthy living in Ahvaz metropolis. All of these factors have negative health consequences for this population and may also prevent any intervention aimed at preventing and treating infectious diseases and covid 19. Increasing the level of communication and mobility of people in metropolitan areas will lead to a high risk of transmitting the disease. Therefore, the urban space and environment will be prone to the growth of infectious diseases, including Quaid 19, which includes all conditions, including inequality in access to urban services at the metropolitan level, distinct access to health services in urban areas, air pollution, poor public awareness, class distance. In this metropolis, there is a lack of facilities and infrastructure to increase the physical activity of citizens in this city, for the spread and spread of infectious diseases. Although urban poor areas are usually more affected, infections have the potential to spread rapidly to other parts of the city, including wealthy neighborhoods and tourist areas.The current situation of Ahvaz metropolis in the face of epidemic diseases will increase, as a result of which the situation in Ahvaz will become critical and will face crises, human, environmental, managerial, economic, social and institutional. . In this situation, the metropolis will face a fragile anomaly. And it becomes an inefficient metropolis in the face of sudden events and infectious diseases such as Quaid 19 disease. The emigration of a large number of people from the surrounding towns and villages to Ahvaz, on the one hand, and the lack of proper supervision over physical development, on the other, will lead to the development of the unbalanced expansion of Ahvaz and the formation of more marginalized areas and informal settlements throughout it. Urban inequalities and distinct access to urban services and health care have adverse effects on urban society. Unemployment and economic problems will lead to more social harm. The weakness of security will lead to the weakening of the mental and emotional endurance among the citizens. Infectious diseases disproportionately affect urban poverty. In addition, these diseases affect all areas of the metropolis regardless of the stages of economic development.

Half of the world's population now lives in rural and remote areas. Rural communities have fewer health facilities than urban communities and have less access to health care, including limited access to virus testing and health centers. While we have not yet seen a significant negative impact of this problem in rural areas, this growing concern is due to the fact that about 26% of the population of Iran lives in rural areas and has different access to urban communities. Experience health care there. It is important to consider the factors involved in the social resilience of these communities in response to COVID-19 and future infectious diseases. Large and local epidemics alike affect the destiny of nations and the progress of civilization, determine empires, and make infections the actors in the history of human drama. The present study, in terms of applied purpose, has been done in terms of method-survey at the exploratory level and based on the futures research approach. The present study, by implementing the resilience framework, provides a more comprehensive approach to optimizing containment programs and mitigation policies using effective indicators in rural social resilience with a case study of Fahlian village with the approach Provides future research on the prevalence of epidemics. The propulsive forces are determined by the Delphi method, and then these factors are determined based on the degree of importance and uncertainty, prioritization, and the most critical factors, and software (Micmac) is used to write possible scenarios. The results indicate that the variables of poor diet, lack of income, poor health facilities, inactivity, lifestyle, ability to compensate, inflation, inefficient management and poverty, in the village of Fahlian as the most important variables affecting resilience Socially identified in response to the spread of infectious diseases and coronary heart disease.

Economic consequences, infrastructure and service disruption, as well as the recovery speed, are just a few of the many dimensions along which to quantify the effect of an epidemic on society's fabric. Scenarios tell future stories that are likely to occur in the form of stories and provide alternative narratives about situations related to the future development of epidemics. Scenario writing is one of the best and most powerful tools for recognizing and examining the future of science, which can be used to identify and examine future environmental changes and uncertainties In terms of practical purpose, the present research has been done in terms of exploratory method at exploratory level and based on futures research and scenario approach. And reduction policies using effective indicators in the social resilience of Iran's metropolises with the sample case of Ahvaz metropolis with a future approach, provides research on the prevalence of epidemics. Propulsion forces are identified by a specific Delphi method, and then these factors are prioritized based on the degree of importance and uncertainty, and the most critical determinants are used, and Micmac software is used to write possible scenarios. According to the research findings, among these factors, inflation is the most key factor in the social resilience of the metropolis in the face of infectious diseases. Have been calculated.

In this study, we aim to identify the key factors affecting the future status of infectious diseases that arise from social capital in Iranian cities with a case study of the city of Noorabad and scenario building. In terms of applied purpose, the present study is a exploratory method at the exploratory level and based on a futures research approach. The propulsive forces are determined by the Delphi method, and then these factors are determined based on the degree of importance and uncertainty, prioritization, and the most critical factors, and software (Mic Mac) is used to write possible scenarios. In the scripting stage, 42 general variables were identified and defined in this software. Findings indicate that among these variables, inequality, social culture, social trust, social awareness, inflation, indifference to the current situation, rural migration, normalization, inadequate income distribution, poor quality of urban environment to The title of key factors affecting social capital and have the most direct impact and also have the most indirect impact on other variables that have been identified by experts and have been effective in the spread of infectious diseases in the future of the city. Based on the two criteria of "severity of uncertainty" and "degree of importance", three scenarios for the three possible futures of Noorabad, Fars, were identified and developed. Finally, according to the situation of the city of Noorabad and in proportion to these drivers, suggestions have been made to improve the situation of social capital.

Cities are characterized by their dynamic interaction between social, economic, and biophysicalforces. They are increasingly subject to global influence, so the growth of economic, cultural,and political trends on a global scale is a prerequisite for understanding urban changesaround the world. This paper attempts to provide a conceptual framework to explore thepower relations in the formation of global construction as a discourse without losing insightinto this analysis. This exploration is based on the qualitative changes in various social processesand global scale interactions. This descriptive-analytical study attempts to study thereflections of the economic globalization in shaping the social ecology of Iran’s urban areasand its impacts on geographical and spatial dimensions using a scientific and discursive approach.Considering the situation of Iranian cities and their main reasons for globalization, thisstudy argues that we will witness fundamental changes in the dimensions of social ecology,including demographic, cultural, environmental, and technological aspects in the process ofglobalization.

Tourists became carriers of Covid 19 disease and, eventually, became victims of the disease on their own. In this study, we aim to identify the key factors of behavioral geography affecting the tourism situation of Shiraz metropolis when facing infectious diseases and Covid-19 and scenario-building with a future-studies approach. The present study, in terms of  purpose  is applied research which has been conducted in terms of survey method at the exploratory level and based on the future-studies approach. The propulsive forces are determined by the Delphi method, and then these factors are determined based on the degree of importance level and uncertainty, prioritization ,and the most critical factors, and the software-Mic Mac- is used to write possible scenarios. In the scripting stage, 34 general variables were identified and defined in this software. Findings indicate that among these variables, behavioral behavior, immigration, inflation and social capital are the most influential key factors of behavioral geography influencing the tourism industry of Shiraz metropolis dealing with infectious diseases.

The expansion of urban areas is an issue that has preoccupied planners and researchers for many years and the interest on these issues is expected to continue in the future. Such that Nowadays spatial distribution analysis, modeling and prediction of temporal variation and characteristics structure of cities - a place which has become an important research topics. Urban sprawl, a kind of urban poor is one of the major concerns of urban planners and managers. In recent decades, urban growth analysis from different perspectives to an operation essentially has become essential for many reasons.present research approach with" analysis to evaluation and ranking services the amount of thirteen districts in the triple city Noorabadi Mamasani the dependencies of Fars province. First quarters to enjoyment of these services with the use of the coefficient of Models changes and statistics examined and then using the model decision making several criteria to assess topsis and enjoying this urban slums of urban services has been dealt with. The results indicate that the discrepancies in the amount of enjoyment of the quarters of the city facilities is seen to be. So that the city central neighborhood hence of one and two neighborhood of Area two are High level. In the event that Eskan Ashaier and Dorahie neighborhoods Separated of the city center especially four and five neighborhood one area that has been scattered throughout the city Nurabad In the category of features and utilities are excluded. And Higher level includes dense and central areas the city.

Within the world of tourism development, it is indisputable for strategic planning of tourism, especially for defining and existence of a development strategy for tourism. The implementation of the development strategy for tourism is determined by the functioning of strategic management in tourism. Strategic management is a proactive process of achieving long-term compatibility of the corresponding field in planned tourism environment. This management is a profitable way for implementation of priority development goals in tourism, set by the national economy, which is affected by tourism development. Strategic management basically has all the necessary features that promise efficiency and effectiveness in achieving development goals in tourism. This study emphasizes the role of strategic management in development tourism and Analysisthe current state of tourism in Iran, andPays to status of tourism in the age of globalization. And expressed that the use of strategic management can take steps to better future for the tourism industry And relying on the capacities, capabilities and current strengths, we look to the future with a better insight and building on the strengths of the tourism industry' re designed, organized and polished, The results show that tourism is essentially integrated with other economic sectors and therefore Cannot be individually taken into consideration of tourism Process with other indicators shaping the future of the world..

The present study, with a futuristic approach, will elaborate effective scenarios in the future of social resilience and provide effective strategies in this field.  This research is applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of a combination of documentary and

survey methods and in terms of its nature, based on the new method of futuristic, analytic and exploratory science that has been carried out using a combination of quantitative and qualitative models. The statistical population of this research for the urban resilience Future Studies is of 45 urban experts who have been questioned and the results of their review have been used to identify the key factors for shaping social resilience in the future. Deployed forces are characterized by a Delphi method, and then these factors are prioritized and the most crucial determinants are determined by importance and uncertainty, and for future scenarios, the Micmac software has been used.

The results show in the resilience scatter diagram status variable and unstable social system prevailing Ahwaz social resilience. Finally, out of the 54 factors mentioned above, after examining the extent and which these factors affect each other and on the future status of these settlements in the output of Micmac software.

Theten key factors with the highest direct and indirect impact on the future of Ahwaz's social resilience were identified: Income status, boycott, poverty, urban management weakness, increased migration, financial incentives, unemployment, reduced oil exports, worn out texture, weak institutions that play the most role in the future of social resilience in the Ahwaz metropolitan.

One of the main aspects of to build urban based urban programs, is urban land use planning . In urban land use planning take will examine all aspects of social, economic, environmental land the advantages and disadvantages. Which is based on two the principle of sustainable development and quality of life following achieving goals such as: distribute Balanced the applications , prevent interference incompatible applications, and compiling land use standards. According to Nur Abad mamasani Like other cities in recent years been faced with increasing population and has been extended and the takeover of the city to natural environments. This increasing urban population, followed by the growth of cities, considering of how to control urban development and is required walking in line with sustainable development. This study with Method descriptive and analytical to one of the most important challenges facing modern cities, Which the appropriate use of urban land and urban land use management. Given the importance of urban land use in urban sustainable development, In this article attempt is made the scientific and rational vision for balanced development of urban land use in the Nurabad city to be presented a good strategy . Preliminary research findings are examined in the SWOT model and 10 strength, 10 threats, 10 opportunity and 11 weak reviews and 18 strategic presented and finally TOPSIS technique utilizes were ranked the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities resulting from the perspective of experts. TOPSIS technique results show that opportunities the greatest impact on optimizing and of urban land use balanced development. and in the second rank threatened wich to optimize and balanced development of the land in of priorities the city's to be a review strategy.

This is an applied research, using descriptive-analytic method with the aim of measuring social resilience and formulating strategies based on scenarios of social resilience which is done by drawing pictures of the future. The present study was conducted in 2017, taking into account the time horizon of 2027. The statistical population of this research is experts and connoisseurs familiar with the metropolitan issues of the Ahvaz Metropolis in three branches of geography and urban planning, social sciences and urbanization. The number was 48, of which 35 were selected purposefully. In order to conduct research, firstly, using library resources, indicators and factors affecting the social resilience of urban communities were identified. Then, in order to measure social resilience, the statistical tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, T-single sample, were used in SPSS. In the other part of the research, the driving forces are determined by experts, and then these factors are prioritized and the most crucial determinants are determined based on the importance and uncertainty for writing future scenarios, the prospectus software. The present study was conducted in 2017, taking into account the time horizon of 2027. In order to conduct research, firstly, using library resources, indicators and factors affecting the social resilience of urban communities were identified. Then, in order to measure social resilience, the statistical tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, T-single sample, were used in SPSS.

Recognizing the Importance of Quality Urban Public Spaces Components Associated with the Health and Welfare of these Spaces the Main Concern of the Experts is in the Field. in the Broad Sense, Public Space and Place that is Accessible to Everyone and Includes Different Species of our National Parks Bluehost and City Centers. Typically, Urban Spaces as Places of Public Gathering Places and Leisure. in All Cities, Such as Fields, Open Spaces, Closed Spaces, Parks, Boulevards and Linear Parks, Streets and Public Spaces of Communication can be recognized renovated. public spaces in urban vitality to the quality of these spaces and that these Spaces are Used for Different Activities, How Much they Depend on Service Delivery. the Main Objective of this Study was to Measure the Quality of Open Space Nourabade Mamasani Using Factors Affecting the Health and Welfare of Urban Society. This Paper is Trying Quality of Open Space With Views of the Various Groups Using the Study as a Model Kano.This Syudy with Analytical and Descriptive Method the Aim of Measuring the Quality of Urban Public Space Using the Effective Factors on Health Level and Welfare of Urban Society Nour Mamasani from the Perspective of the User-Space Groups, Urban Professionals and Employees Had Been Done Based on Kano Analytical Models. Kano Model Measuring the Quality of Urban Public Space Has Classified in Three Levels (Basic, Functional Needs and EmotionalNeeds). According to the Information Were Obtained Using Surveys of Groups Studied Associated With Basic needs From the Perspective of uUrban Professionals Lack of Green Space and Diversity of Activities in Public Spaces, Especially Parks and the Most Dissatisfaction is Very Important. so Urban Professionals, Administrators and Users of Public Spaces in the City Nurabad to Basic Needs Respectively, with the Consent 0.458, 0.525, 0.467 and with the Dissatisfaction -0.716, 0.727, -0.730 Greatest Dissatisfaction than their Urban Environment Nour Abad. According to the Results Obtained of the Questionnaire Urban Professionals and Staff and its Analysis by Kano Model the Operational Needs Compared to Other Needs in a Better Position toSee it. Performance Needs Satisfaction Coefficient (0.612) and (0.630) and the Results of the Questionnaire Spaces user Satisfaction of BasicNeeds and Emotional Needs than the Coefficient of Performance is a Better Situation. Meet Human Need in one Space, one of The Goals is Very Important Design and Urban Planning Meet Human Needs in Urban Public Spaces, the Quality of Urban Public Spaces and in Turn Increase the Customer's Satisfaction With Public Spaces and not According to People's Needs, Leads to Alienation, Isolation and Loss of Control Over the Urban Environment. Given the Lack of Recreational Spaces and Low Diversity of Activities in Urban Public Spaces, Especially Parks and Green Spaces in Nurabad Urban Management Should Pay Particular Attention to iIncreasing Capita Recreational Spaces and theVariety of Experiences in Public Spaces and Help to Increase the Number of Users and Consequently the Health and Quality of Life the Citizens of This City.

A complementary activity that could replace agriculture is now needed more than ever, given the increase of rural immigration, the decrease of income in rural households and the decline in the agricultural sector. Moreover, due to the inequality and widespread poverty among rural people in the developing societies, the development of rural tourism could be an important source of employment and income for the individuals of the villages. The most important part of tourist activity is to assess tourism because this step could lead to the future development of tourism and tourist programs. Mamasani County in Fars Province is one of the most important regions in Iran that has the potential for tourist development, given the fact that Shahi road (Shush to Istakhr and Anzan) passes through this geographical region, also because of its historical, cultural and natural heritage, and many works of ‘relief’, ‘historical hills’ and ‘fire temples’ along its main axis.
This study aims to identify the attractions of rural tourism in each of the villages of Mamasani County. Moreover, the advantages of developing the tourist industry for investment are prioritized in terms of six criteria (monuments, landscapes, cultural attractions, religious attractions, access, and suitable facilities) using TOPSIS decision-making technique.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: In recent decades, with the rapid growth of technology and the changes of lifestyle in the developing world, falling behind inequality in the distribution of the resources and the widespread poverty are getting more and more apparent in the rural regions compared to the other residential regions. Due to these problems and inequalities, researchers proposed many strategies to achieve development in the rural environments. One of these strategies is to expand the activities of rural tourism in the regions that have the necessary historical and natural potential to develop this industry. Rural tourism became doubly important because it helps the growth of the economy and also increases the income of rural people. Tourism can be an effective strategy for the reformation and revitalization of the rural regions or simply a reason for improving the infrastructural or even superstructural services in these regions. Tourism as a multifaceted phenomenon became one of the most important forces and factors in shaping the economic and socio-cultural structures of the modern world. Consequently, in an intermingling way, it transgressed the boundaries of time and space and brought about profound transformations in all human habitats such as cities, villages, and remote regions.
In this research, a descriptive-analytical method was used because of its relevance to the topic. The required data, related to the tourist capacities, were collected through field research and library method. Additionally, six criteria were used that were acquired by the experts and proposed as a questionnaire enquiring what kind of attractions do these villages have? Aspects such as monuments, landscapes, cultural attractions, religious places, access, and appropriate facilities that were filled out by the Islamic council, village administrator, and educated people were examined. The degree of importance of these criteria differ from one another, therefore, Shannon Entropy was used to determine the weights of these criteria separately. Afterwards, the variables were weighted by the experts, and the questionnaires’ data were examined by the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making model, and then the nine-fold villages of Mamasani County were rated. Finally, the weight of each tourist criterion was determined depending on the type and the number.
Fahlian village with the coefficient of 0/683 is rather closer to the ideal while the other villages such as Jowzar, Bekesh 1, Bekesh 2, Javid-e Mahuri, Mahur, Doshman Ziari, Mashayekh, and Mishan are far from the desired ideal as they have different coefficients. Moreover, in alternative rating based on the amount of , the calculated amount in the studied region fluctuates between .In this regard, represents the highest rate (Fahlian Village) and represents the lowest rate (Mishan Village). In addition, other findings indicate that due to the relative and geographical location as well as the historical and political situation of each region, there is imbalance and a lack of harmony between the villages. Especially, in the spatial distribution of tourist attractions and facilities which pave the way for developing this industry. Thus, the cultural attractions with the coefficient of 0/0666 are the same in all the villages and the landscape attractions in Jowzar, Javid-e Mahuri with the coefficient of 0/0768 have the best conditions because of their favorable weather and green space.
Based on the findings, Fahlian village, which has been the center of Mamasani County from the time of its establishment up to 1962, was rated as the highest with the coefficient of 0/971 because of petroglyphs, palaces, and many other ancient attractions. In the central vicinity of Mamasani County, after Fahlian, Bekesh 1 and 2 have the best locations for investment in the field of historical tourist development. Additionally, religious attractions had the most versatile conditions and coefficient of variation in the studied villages. Unfortunately, due to the fundamental weaknesses of the tourist centers in providing and expanding the facilities to attract tourists, the factor of appropriate facilities was rated as the lowest, and only Fahlian and Bekesh 1 with the coefficient of 0/0239 had a relative advantage because of having the centrality of the region. Reviewing the accessing factor indicated weaknesses regarding infrastructure in the districts of Doshman, Javid, and Jowzar because of being in the highland and at the foot of the mountain. Only Fahlian, Bekesh 1 and 2 because of coefficients of 0/0819 and 0/0702 and having a level ground had the suitable conditions. The final results of TOPSIS model showed that the central villages had better conditions for the development of the tourist industry. Therefore, Fahlian was rated as the first and Jowzar, Bekesh 2, Bekesh 1, Javid Mahuri, Mahur Milati, Doshman Ziari, Mashayekh and Mishan were respectively rated as the next favorable localities for the development of tourist activities in the region.

One of the criteria of social justice and urban sustainable development is considering balanced distribution of infrastructures and urban facilities; therefore, the distribution of the services should be in such a way that not only it creates spatial justice in the areas, but it also prepare the ground for urban development. This research has descriptive-analytical approach and tries to recognize and rank the rate of existing services in 13 neighborhoods of Noorabad Mamsani City in Fars Province using education, health, and cultur, sport, office, green space, and facility indexes. For this purpose, initially the prosperity of services in these areas was examined by using models of the coefficient of variation and statistical techniques and then, the rate of prosperity of urban services in these neighborhoods was evaluated and analyzed by using multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) model based on TOPSIS approach. The results show that there are significant discrepancies regarding the rate of prosperity of services among 13 neighborhoods of Noorabad so that central areas of the city i.e. neighborhoods 1 and 2 in district 2, are prosperous and nomadic areas are prosper less. Eventually, there is imbalance and inequality among different areas in this city regarding concentration of population and access in terms of spatial distribution of services.

Entitlement of Welfare different services and community facilities, cultural and health, the most basic development indicators in each planning unit and particularly in rural areas. The purpose of this study is Understanding the current situation Mamasani vills to terms having of development different indicators. and determination the homogeneity vills and the degree of development and the exclusion of other purpose it is. Statistics of 1385 in this study is based on collected data. The Procedures governing on this paper to be descriptive-analysis. In this paper 43 index of Development Indicators contain indicators of education, health, infrastructure, production, and communication services have been evaluated. and TOPSIS model (one of multi scale decision-making methods) Due to the strong mathematical basis and obvious ability to solve problems This method by using for evaluation weight index and also to the determine of level inequality Mamasani`s vills. According to Mamasani township are Deprived areas of the fars province. The results of this study indicate that In the 1385 vill Fahliyan has been first ranked of the degree of development and two vills Mishan and Mahor The degree of development are at the end rankings table of TOPSIS.

From the outset of civilization to 1900 one person from each eight lived in urban areas, but now more than 60 percent of world population became urbanite. With the growth of urbanization, sustainability and health in cities declined which influenced livability of the residents. The main aim of this research is to identify urban sustainability and the rate of satisfaction in the city of Noorabad. The methodology of the research is based on the descriptive –analytical approaches. The required data and information are collected by conducting a field work to complete the designed questionnaires in the district of 3. The data were processed using SPSS and tested via different statistical models. The results revealed that accessibility to centers such as green space and recreation and sport were in low level. So livability and sustainability can be a chain outcome of logical, coordinated and plan oriented measures.

As the tourism market becomes increasingly competitive, the importance of customerretention has also increased. Considering that Satisfaction of tourists is one of the importantcompetitive factors and best indices is considered for Guarantee earnings growth. Any size ofsatisfaction tourist and expectations of tourist be provided to the same amount perform attracttourists and development of tourism. The goal of this research is to analyze and evaluate thesatisfaction level of tourists Entered to the Noorabad city in timeframe March 2012 and april2013. Research Methodology is Descriptive analysis and data collection based on librarystudies and preparing the tourists entering to the city is Nurabad. In order to measure andevaluate the satisfaction of patients respond Kano model analysis of 16 factors in threecategories of basic needs, and Attractive and function is used. Statistical community included381 tourists as people were selected and the results obtained from the study indicate thattourists visiting the city Nurabad the Attractive needs of his, such as the sense of hospitalityof the people by a factor of (0/746) highest satisfaction have. The least satisfaction touristsfrom tourist status to provide for their basic needs such as quality residence amenitiessatisfaction index (0/411) and functional needs such as traffic rules and regulations with theconsent rate (0/453), respectively.