فهرست مطالب moloud radfar

One factor related to the quality of nursing care is the professional behavior of nurses. Meanwhile, intensive care and psychiatric units are complex and challenging work environments. Occupational factors such as workload can affect these two factors. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between perceived workload and professional behavior in nurses working in psychiatry and intensive care units in educational and medical centers of Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2023.

This research is a descriptive cross-sectional-correlation study. The research population consisted of nurses working in the psychiatric and intensive care units of medical educational and treatment centers in Urmia; 67 nurses were selected using the census method, and 98 were selected using a quota sampling method. Data collection tools were the demographic questionnaire, the NASA workload questionnaire (NASA-TLX), and the professional behavior questionnaire (Goze). Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 22.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-Square, Mann Whitney, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and linear Regression)..

The total workload score for nurses was 71.67 (4.52) in psychiatric units and 73.78 (4.36) in intensive care units. The highest perceived workload was associated with the effort dimension, with a score of 77.78 (4.32) in intensive care units and 75.25 (4.32) in the physical dimension of psychiatry units. In the psychiatry department, the performance dimension had the highest score of 75.36 (13.11), followed by frustration and mental pressure with scores of 73.87 (13.51) and 73.23 (5.77), respectively. The results of the correlation between the overall perceived workload level score and professional behavior showed an inverse and significant relationship with nurses working in psychiatric (-0.77) and intensive care units (-0.39) (P <0.001). The results also indicated that perceived workload predicts professional behavior.

The present study showed that nurses' perceived workload affects their professional behaviors. Nursing managers' awareness of these findings can impact the planning, employment, and distribution of human resources, including those working in psychiatric and intensive care units.

The presence of a child with intellectual disability in the family can cause various psychological problems in parents. One of the variables affected by the presence of a disabled child in the family is internal stigma, which can cause or exacerbate depression in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. This study aimed to determine the relationship between internal stigma and depression in mothers of children with cerebral palsy.

This study is a descriptive cross-sectional-correlational research conducted in 2023. One hundred eighty-five mothers of children with cerebral palsy who were referred to welfare and rehabilitation centers of Urmia City entered the study by convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Internal Stigma Scale for mothers of children with intellectual disability, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The study was conducted over seven months. All data were entered into IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA) and then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The mean score of internalized stigma and depression in participants was 83.33 ± 49.62 and 17.59 ± 13.53, respectively. High levels of depression were reported in 21.6% of the participants. Moreover, a significant direct linear relationship was found between internalized stigma and depression among participants (r = .47, p < .001).

The results suggest that internal stigma caused by having a child with cerebral palsy can be related to mothers’ depression. Awareness of Health officials and policymakers about this relationship can make more visible the importance of applying scientific and practical measures to change people’s attitudes in this field and, as a result, reducing the internal stigma of mothers of children with cerebral palsy.

Embedding a foreign body inside the heart is considered a significant event in a person's life and causes a change in the level of control a person has over the environment and his choices. Therefore, correctly identifying the center or source of control can play an essential role in formulating strategies for the participation of these patients in useful health behaviors and adopting active coping strategies. Considering the importance of understanding the dimensions of the health locus of control and the lack of a similar study on these patients, the present study was conducted to determine the health locus of control in the patients with a permanent cardiac pacemaker who were referred to the dysrhythmia clinic of Seyed al-Shohadah Center in Urmia, Iran between 2022 and 2023.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 350 patients with permanent cardiac pacemakers referred to the dysrhythmia clinic of Seyyed al-Shohada Teaching Hospital in Urmia were selected using convenience sampling, and they completed the questionnaire. Demographic questionnaire and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) were used to collect data. This research was conducted over ten months, and all data was analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using descriptive statistics.

The results of this study showed that the highest mean scores among the dimensions of health locus of control belongs to external (28.90 ± 4.77) internal (26.03 ± 5.33) controls. Also, the lowest mean score was related to chance (17.76 ± 6.78).

It can be concluded that the center of health control of the patients with internal pacemakers is mainly from external control of powerful people. According to these patients, their health and care plan and definite consequences are controlled by medical staff, doctors, and specialists, and the patients feel that they have more prominent role in their health.

Depression is one of the common psychological problems in the patients with gastrointestinal cancer and can affect their quality of life and recovery process. Various psychotherapy treatments are used to reduce depression in these patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of group logotherapy based on the Frankel's logotherapy School on depression in the patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

This study was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design. The research population was all the patients with gastrointestinal cancer referred to Omid Hospital in Urmia, Iran. Among the inpatients and outpatients, 50 patients with gastrointestinal cancer who met the inclusion criteria were selected using convenience sampling. Then the patients were allocated to control and intervention groups randomly. The data collection tool in the current study was a demographic questionnaire and Beck's depression questionnaire. All meetings were held online using the Ghara software. The intervention group was randomly divided into two groups of 12 and 13 people. Ten sessions, each lasting 60-90 minutes, were held for two weeks of group logotherapy based on the Frankel's School for the patients in the intervention groups. The control group members did not receive any intervention. Beck Depression Questionnaire was completed by the participants of both groups before and at 4th and 30th days after the end of the intervention. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software.

The mean score of depression in the intervention group in the first, second, and third stages were 22.78 ± 7.24, 10.28 ± 3.832, and 11.17 ± 3.73, respectively; however, in the control group, they were 20.37 ± 7.485, 21.42 ± 6.543, and 20.47 ± 6.67, respectively. According to the results of the repeated measures analysis of variance, the mean difference between depression scores in the first, second, and third phases were statistically significant, indicating the intervention's effect on the mean depression score (P=0.003).

These results show that logotherapy based on the Frankel School can facilitate recovery of depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Care is the core of nursing and one of the most important and basic components to achieve human survival and development. Meanwhile, measuring caring behaviors is of great importance from nurses' and patients' perspectives, since patient-centered nursing care is the main factor in patient satisfaction during the hospital stay. This study aimed to evaluate common tools used to measure caring behaviors.

In this systematic review, 1090 articles published in English and Persian in 1981-2020 from the databases of PubMed (MEDE), CINAHL, Scopus, Science direct, Web of Science, and other related databases (Google Scholar, Magiran, Scientific Information Database, Irandoc). The above literature search was conducted using the keywords of "Caring behavior," "Tool," "Scale, ""Measure," "Inventory," and "Questionnaire," as well as the operators "AND" and "OR." All searched articles were entered into the ENDNOTE software version X5 (Thomson Reuters, USA) to remove duplicate articles. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed.

Based on the keywords, 1090 articles were included in this study. Then, the abstracts were reviewed, and in several stages, duplicate and unrelated articles were removed from the study. Finally, 53 articles were selected for comprehensive review and data extraction. In these articles, 11 different tools were used to measure caring behaviors.

Proper caring behaviors can improve patients' satisfaction with nursing services. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate nurses' caring behaviors with standard and valid tools, while new and standard tools for measuring these behaviors have not been psychometrically tested in Iran, and this seems necessary.

 

Cancer, as the second cause of death in Iran, has claimed the lives of 79,000 patients in just 2021. Although cancer mostly affects the life of involved person, but fighting cancer is a family matter, because this disease, with its challenging nature during the treatment period, also affects the lives of those who are responsible mostly for care. This study aimed to determine the effect of passive music therapy on the quality of life of family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy referring to Imam Khomeini University Hospital at Urmia, Iran in 2022.

This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-and post-test design without a control group using convenience sampling. Thirty family caregivers were entered in the study. The intervention consisted of passive music therapy with nature sounds along with moving pictures of nature, which was applied to the patient and his/her family caregiver two days a week for one month. The study tools used included demographic and quality of life questionnaires for family caregivers of cancer patients, which were completed by the subjects before and after the intervention. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16 statistical software. A significant level of P<0.05 considered as significant.

The results show a statistically significant difference in family caregivers' mean quality of life (P=0.0001). In the subscales of the quality of life of the family caregiver, care burden (P=0.0001), lifestyle disruption (P=0.002), positive adaptation (P=0.0001), and economic concern (P=0.0001) were significant.

The results showed that passive music therapy can be one of the low-cost, harmless methods that have an impact on the quality of life of family caregivers of cancer patients. In addition to the treatment of this incurable disease, passive music therapy can reduce the damage to their psyche and calm them and prevent the occurrence of underlying diseases.

 

Nurses are at the forefront of care for Covid-19 patients. Continuous care and direct contact with patients with Covid-19, fear of infection, death, and uncertain future cause nurses stress and anxiety. On the other hand, due to their familiarity with psychiatric drugs, nurses sometimes treat themselves to escape anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of arbitrary use of anti-anxiety drugs in nurses exposed to Covid-19 patients.

This descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out by selecting 300 nurses working in isolated corona wards in Urmia Teaching Hospitals using quota sampling method. Demographic information questionnaire and a questionnaire for evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of the nurses for arbitrary use of anti-anxiety drugs were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered as significant for all statistical analyzes.

In this study, the mean score of attitude, practice, and knowledge of the nurses participating in this study was 18.93±7.245 (from an obtainable range of 11-55), 20.54±5.476 (from an obtainable range of 10-50), and 34.06 ±5.586 (from an obtainable range of 10-50), respectively. Also, the results of correlation tests showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between attitude and practice (r = 0.612, p <0.001) and also between knowledge and practice (r = 0.191, p <0.001). In addition, multiple linear regression showed that attitude and knowledge could predict 47.8% and 51.7% of performance, respectively.

The findings of this study showed high knowledge, negative attitude, and relatively poor practice of nurses working in isolated coronary wards about the of arbitrary use of anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, the results of this study showed that knowledge and attitude are related to nurses' performance in the field of self-medication and can predict it. Therefore, it is suggested that raising knowledge and improving nurses' attitudes toward self-medication be used to minimize arbitrary drug use.

Currently, depression is known as the disease of the century, which is one of the most common mental disorders in the whole world and Iran. On the other hand, since many patients do not seek medical assistance and the cost of treatment is high, this disease is spreading. Therefore, the need for appropriate treatment methods, including smartphone applications to prevent and improve depression, is one of the necessities of every society. Thus, this research was conducted to determine how the smartphone application (Yara) affects anxiety in depressed patients.

This semi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design and with a control group was conducted on 64 patients with depression referred to the psychiatry clinic of Razi Hospital, Urmia and the psychiatry clinic of Shahid Madani Hospital, Khoi in 2021-2022. Sixty-four patients were selected using the convenience method and randomly assigned to two control and intervention groups. The intervention was conducted using the smartphone application (Yara) for three months. Data were collected using the Spielberg anxiety questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 22 using descriptive and analytical statistics.

The results showed that the use of the smartphone application (Yara) has a positive and significant effect on the anxiety of depressed patients (P=0.001), so the use of the smartphone application (Yara) leads to reduction of the anxiety of depressed patients.

Using the Yara application as a kind of digital technology is considered a suitable solution to improve the anxiety of the patients suffering from depression. In this way, smartphone technology is an opportunity to transform mobile phones into devices that can provide affordable mental health services. In this regard, using the smartphone application (Yara) can help reduce anxiety in people prone to depression and suffering from it. Also, knowing the effects of this application can open the gate to using this technology in treating mental disorders.

More than 90% of type 2 diabetic patients develop complications due to diabetes over time. Neuropathy is one of the complications of diabetes which leads to diabetic foot ulcers. Prevention of neuropathic foot ulcers has a high priority in these patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of interventions based on strengthening foot care behavior on foot health status and mean glycosylated hemoglobin level in type 2 diabetic patients in Diabetes Association and teaching hospitals of Urmia, Iran in 2019.

This study was a clinical trial that was conducted in Urmia in 2019. Totally 70 patients (35 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group) participated. Patients in the intervention group received 9 training sessions based on strengthening foot care behavior, while patients in the control group only received routine care. Data collection tools included the demographic and clinical information questionnaires and the four-item Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) using descriptive and analytical statistics. The difference was considered significant at the levels below 0.05.

In the intervention group, the mean peripheral neuropathy score had changed from (5.20±1.02) at the beginning of the intervention to (3.74±0.93) at the end of it with a statistically significant difference (P-Value<0.001). Also, their mean HbA1c had changed from (7.66±0.7) at the beginning of the intervention to (6.88±1.11) at the end of the intervention with a statistically significant difference (P-Value = 0.01).

The intervention based on strengthening the foot care behavior effectively reduced the severity of peripheral neuropathy and the mean glycosylated hemoglobin in the intervention group. The results of this research can be used in medical research centers and educational and clinical nursing services to reduce the complications of diabetes and improve the quality of life in diabetic patients.

Adolescence is one of the most important and valuable periods of every person's life, because it is the beginning of physical and psychological changes. Separation from a parent, however, can disrupt the family framework and extend the tension of this period. On the other hand, the adolescent learns how to organize the society around him and take responsibility for his actions through the family. It seems that being a single parent can disrupt the process of adolescents' commitment. This study aimed to determine the effect of life skills education on the responsibility of adolescent girls with a single parent.

This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. It was conducted in 2021 on 100 adolescent girls with a single parent aged 15-18 years. In this study, multistage sampling was performed to select participants; then they were randomly allocated to control and intervention groups. Eligible participants completed the demographic characteristic and adolescent responsibility questionnaire before and after the intervention and 4-6 weeks after the intervention. Virtual group education sessions were implemented on Sky room for 60-90 minutes. Each group included 6-10 people, and ten group training sessions with one-week interval were conducted. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test and analysis of variance with repeated measures by SPSS software version 22. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.

The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean score of responsibility of female adolescents in the intervention and control groups after the intervention (P <0.001).

According to the results of this study, life skills educations could increase their responsibility. Considering the responsibility for the growth and personal, academic and social health of students and ultimately the progress of society, life skill programs are recommended for adolescent girls with a single parent.

Children with autism often have difficulty with stereotyped behaviors. Play therapy helps children learn new social and behavioral skills. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of localized play therapy with parental participation on stereotyped behaviors of children with autism.

This quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group was conducted on 40 school-age children with autism in Urmia during 2021. Forty children with autism were recruited using convenience sampling and then randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. Data were collected using the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Second Edition (GARS-2) and a demographic questionnaire. Then parents and children in the intervention group received six 2-hour sessions of family-based play therapy using online video calls. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 22.0.

The results showed a significant difference in the mean scores of stereotyped behaviors between the intervention and the control group after the intervention (p<.001). The results of binary comparisons based on Bonferroni correction also indicated no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the stereotyped behavior before and after the intervention in the control group (p=1.000). However, the difference between the mean scores of the above dependent variables at three time points (before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention) was found to be statistically significant in the intervention group (p<.001).

Localized play therapy with parental involvement, as an activity with considerable adaptability, is a means of understanding and communicating with the child, positively reducing stereotyped behavior of school-age children with autism.

Despite their widespread use among the general public, smartphones have adverse effects that lead to irreparable problems. The relationship between smartphone addiction with loneliness, fear of missing out (FOMO), and students' academic performance has always been the focus of studies. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between smartphone addiction, loneliness, FOMO, and academic performance among students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2021-2022.

In this descriptive and correlational study, 230 students entered the study using stratified sampling. Inclusion criteria included being a student in one of the majors at Urmia University of Medical Sciences, owning smartphones, and willingness to participate in the study. Data were collected through Pham and Taylor Academic Performance Questionnaire, Russell Loneliness Questionnaire, Prezibelski fear of missing out Questionnaire, and Kwon Smartphone Addiction Questionnaire. Inferential statistical tests such as Chi-square, Pearson, and Spearman correlation coefficients were also used to analyze the data. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

The results showed that 100 (43.5%) students used smartphones for academic and educational use, and 130 (56.5%) students used them for non-academic purposes. The mean score for smartphone addiction and FOMO was moderate to high, and the mean score for the feeling of loneliness and students' academic performance was moderate. The correlation between smartphone addiction with loneliness and FOMO was significant and direct. However, smartphone addiction had a significant and inverse relationship with academic performance (p <0.05).

The relationship between smartphone addiction, loneliness, and FOMO was positive and significant, and the relationship between smartphone addiction and academic performance was negative and significant. Healthcare officials should decrease students' loneliness and FOMO and enhance their academic performance by adopting practical strategies to assist students in quitting smartphone addiction. Holding self-management skill training classes, keeping students on schedule, turning off smartphone notifications, encouraging students to engage in sports, and participating in group and family activities will help.

The normal cognitive status of a person is impaired with age and in patients admitted to the ICU, this disorder causes severe complications such as delirium. Active participation of the family can be one of the factors affecting the cognitive status of patients admitted to ICU. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of family involvement on the cognitive status of patients admitted to the ICU of Khoy hospitals.

This study was performed as an experimental intervention by random sampling using a two-week time block method on 60 patients admitted to the ICU of Khoy hospitals. In the intervention group, the effect of family participation for three days with a scheduled appointment in the morning and the evening on the cognitive status of patients admitted to the ICU was assessed. In the control group, the normal ward care was performed. The RASS scale was used to assess the level of agitation-sedation and the MMSE scale was used to determine the cognitive status. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 17.

The results showed that the two groups were completely identical, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, sex, and education. The interaction effect of time and intervention on the mean scores of restlessness - drowsiness over time was significant (p <0.05) and the total score of MMSE criterion increased in the intervention group (23.40) compared to the control group (22.30) which was not statistically significant (p <0.05)

According to the findings of the study, by increasing the number of visit days, the patients' cognitive status improved compared to before the intervention. Therefore, family involvement can be an effective and low-cost non-pharmacological method to prevent cognitive impairment and severe delirium in ICU patients.

Work-life balance with burnout and family functioning are among the issues that are of great importance in the nursing profession today. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between work-life balance with burnout and family functioning of nurses working in teaching hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences in2020.

This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study. 392 nurses of teaching hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences were selected by stratified sampling method and entered the study. In this study, demographic information form, Wong and Ko work-life balance questionnaire, Maslach burnout questionnaire, and Epstein et al. family functioning scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and descriptive and analytical statistical tests.

In this study, 392 nurses working in Urmia University of Medical Sciences participated; the majority of whom were female (80.6%) and married (79.6%). The mean and standard deviation of age and work experience in the nurses were 37.37±7.95 and 12.71±7.65, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant linear relationship between work-life balance variables with burnout and its dimensions and between work-life balance with family functioning and between family functioning with burnout and its dimensions (P<0.05).

According to the results of the present study, there was a significant relationship between work-life balance and burnout, work-life balance and family functioning, and burnout and family functioning. Therefore, this study can have valuable results for the managers of health systems and organizations in order to better management of human resources.

Clinical education is a dynamic process and an essential part of nursing education. The clinical learning environment plays a vital role in shaping the professional skills of nursing students. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perception of clinical learning environment and clinical competence in nursing students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2019.

This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 150 nursing students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. The nurses were selected by random sampling method. Data were collected using the questionnaires of clinical learning environment and clinical competence. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

The results showed that the mean scores of clinical learning environment and clinical competence of nursing students were 196.06 ± 16.42 and 135.46 ± 21.71, respectively. Pearson correlation test showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between perception of clinical learning environment and clinical competence (p <0.05, r = 0.261).

The findings indicated that students' perceptions of the clinical learning environment were at a moderate level but their clinical competencies were at a high level. Therefore, based on the results of this study and by identifying these factors, the nursing managers and educators will be able to design and implement their managerial and educational activities based on scientific findings in a way that provides the necessary conditions to acquire more clinical competencies for nurses.

Occupational burnout is usually as a long-term response to stressors and interpersonal emotions characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal success. The aim of this study was to determine predictive power of job stress on occupational burnout among nurses working in emergency wards of Urmia teaching hospitals in 2018.

This descriptive correlational study was performed on 120 nurses working in emergency wards of educational hospitals (150 nurse) affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2018 who were selected by relative classified sampling method. Data were collected by demographic checklist, Maslach Job Burnout Inventory, and nursing stress scale (NSS). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 17 using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

In this study, mean ± SD of total job stress, and burnout were 89.62±20.59 and 66.86 ± 19.81 respectively. Among the demographic variables, job burnout had a significant relationship with gender and job position and job stress with age and job position of nurses (P <0.05). The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between total occupational stress and all domains with burnout and its three dimensions (P = 0.000). In addition, multiple linear regression showed that job stress can predict job burnout in these nurses.

Job stress can be a predictor of burnout, so it is recommended that in preventing and reducing burnout, this factor should be carefully considered and by preparing training programs and interventions to improve and change the work environment of nurses to ‌The health of their work environment helped.

 Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has three key features, i.e., disorders in social interactions, reciprocal communication problems, and restricted, repetitive behavioral patterns. A child with ASD affects parents and could create tension for parents. Making meaning in life can help parents cope with stressful events. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the effectiveness of group logotherapy on the meaning of life of mothers of children with ASD.

 This study was a randomized clinical trial incorporating a pre-test, post-test, and control group. To this end, 40 mothers of children with ASD were selected and randomly allocated into two experimental (n=20) and control groups (n=20). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) was used to collect data. The research group received ten sessions of 90 minutes logotherapy twice per week, and the control group received a routine intervention. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software, along with descriptive statistical, mean, chi-square, Levene’s, and t tests.

 The results demonstrated significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the mean score of meaning in life after administering logotherapy intervention (P<0.001).

 The results indicated that group instruction using the logotherapy approach affected the meaning in life of mothers of children with ASD.

Many patients on maintenance hemodialysis experience sleep disorders. This problem is related to depression, anxiety, hospitalizations, chronic medical conditions, decreased quality of life, and increasing mortality rate in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. The objective of this research is to determine the impact of massage therapy by hot stone on quality of sleep in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

This was a randomized controlled trial conducted on 60 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. They were assigned via random allocation process into two groups of study: intervention group (n = 30), or control group (n = 30). Patients in the experimental group received massage therapy by hot basalt stone for 12 séances. During the massage therapy, each of five basalt stones were placed at the sites of the fifth, fourth, third, second, and first chakra. Control group received their treatment as usual without any massage therapy. Using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the global score and its components were computed in both groups of study, two times (before the intervention and 1 month after the intervention).

Although there were not any baseline differences between the two groups of study for the mean of global PSQI score (P = 0.92) before the study, the mean of global PSQI score in the intervention group, after the intervention decreased to 5.7 ± 3.06, but in the control group sleep quality increased to 10.7 ± 3.6. The difference between the mean of global score of PSQI among two groups of study after the massage therapy was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Applying massage therapy by hot stone in hemodialysis patients may contribute in enhancing their quality of sleep.

Cancer is the second most common cause of mortality after cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Resilience is one of the best strategies for coping with diseases in patients with cancer. This study was aimed to determine the effect of resilience‑based group therapy intervention on coping in mothers of children with cancer. This randomized clinical trial was carried out on 48 mothers of children with cancer in Shahid Motahhari Hospital of Urmia, Iran, in 2017. Samples were randomly divided into two groups in Excel. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‑28), and the Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the two groups at three different times. All p values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. A significant difference was observed in the mean scores of integration between the intervention group and control group (F 1, 47 = 426.41, p < 0.001); the mean (standard deviation) of the integration score in the intervention and control groups was 40.80 (2.54) and 18.04 (3.05), respectively. Moreover, there was significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean scores of social support and health status perception (F 1, 47 = 176.59, p < 0.001). The mean (standard deviation) of social support and health status perception scores in the intervention group was 39.88 (2.81) and 22.72 (5.91) and in the control group was 16.87 (4.19) and 10.95 (2.01), respectively. Resilience‑based group therapy intervention can be an effective strategy for coping with childhood cancer among mothers of children with cancer.

Chronic renal failure has a progressive nature and there is always a need for a person to care for them. A caregiver, who is usually a patient's family member, may face many problems during the care process, which ultimately causes burnout. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of psycho-educational intervention on the caregiver burden of patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study was a clinical trial that carry out on 105 caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The burnout questionnaire of Zarit was completed by the participants. The Caregivers were allocated randomly in two groups of intervention (discussion, workshops) and control. Two weeks after the completion of 6 sessions of the group discussion and 4 sessions of the workshop, caregiver burdon questionnaire of Zarit was completed again. Data was analyzed by using version 16 of spss software and parametric and non-parametric tests. Results showed that there was no significant difference between the three groups before intervention in the mean scores of burden (p=0.423). However, after the intervention there was significant difference in the mean scores of burden between intervention groups with control group (p<0.001). Tukey post hoc test showed no significant difference between the two intervention groups in the mean scores of burden (P=0.204). The results of this study can be found that training classes such as group discussion had a significant reduction in the severity of caregiver burden. Therefore, it is recommended that in the health system planning attend to the role of family members in the treatment of these patients also benefit from this training method.

Professional socialization is an essential process of learning skills, attitudes and behaviors necessary to fulfill professional roles. The consequences of professional socialization are widely varied and influenced by personal, situational and organizational factors. The aim of this study was to review the role of educational activities on professional socialization of nursing students.

This narrative review study was carried out by searching library resources and the databases of CINAHL, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, SID, and Magiran for articles published during 2002-17. The keywords used for the search included socialization, professional, educational activity, and nursing students. Preliminary results yielded 106 articles of which 10 articles were selected for the review.

Contemporary studies show that professional socialization of nursing students is influenced by different factors among which the role of mentors, peers and effective role models is of great importance. Personal experiences and the role of clinical trainers are also important in facilitating students’ learning development and socialization.

Improvement and organization of the educational system and focus on selection of effective and interested clinical trainers, as well as utilization of mentors, peers and effective role models are the proposed solutions to facilitate and promote the professional socialization of nursing students.

Adolescence is a critical and most vulnerable age in terms of mental health problems a crucial period for developing obesity and associated mental health problems. Inappropriate eating behaviors and obesity in adolescence is a great concern which can be associated with the risk of many chronic diseases in adulthood and in fact main base of obesity in adolescents is wrong eating behaviors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between eating behaviors with body mass index among high school female adolescents in Khoy.
The method of study is descriptive- correlation. 264 girl's high school students in Khoy to multi stage random sampling were selected and enter the study. The Data were collected with Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire DEBQ, meters and digital scale. The Data were analyzed with using Spearman correlation.
Our results indicated that 64/8% of body mass index to normal levels and a total of 35/2% of samples are non-normal body mass index. A negative relationship existed between eating external stimuli and body mass index (-0/13) and positively associated between dietary restraint and body mass index (0/46)(p Results show that eating external stimuli and dietary restraint is effective on body mass index. Therefore Because the critical period of adolescence is important, focusing on eating behaviors and eating styles is important for the prevention of overweight and obesity in adolescents.

Mental Health is one of the Important Dimentions of Health. Studies have revealed that individual, personality, social, Familial and … Factors Influence Mental Health. In this study the Relationship between perfectionism and Mental Health in urmia university of Medical sciences students was conducted.
Material and In this descriptive study 190 student selected by cluster Random sampling and they Completed Mental Health and perfectionism questionnaires. Data was Analyzed through Descriptive statistical Methods and pearson Correlation coefficient.
The Finding Revealed 45.8% of students have different Degrees of Mental Health problem.1.1% of students in somatic symptom, 0.5% in anxiety and insomnia and 3.2% in depression have sever disorder. There is significant Relation between Perfectionism and Mental Health.
According to the Results, it can be said perfectionism is one of the predictive Factor of Mental Health and psychological Interventions For its Modification have effective Role in Improving of Individuals Mental Health.

One of the major challenges in methadone maintenance treatment that leads to relapse in patients is lapse. Craving is also the most important factor of lapse and return to drug use after the treatment periods. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of applying continuous care model on lapse and craving of patients that are treated with methadone maintenance therapy in Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Urmia, Iran.
Material and This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 95 patients (N=95) who were selected through the census sampling and randomly assigned to intervention (N=48) and control (N=47) groups. Continuous Care Model which consisted of four stages (orientation, sensitization, control and evaluation) was conducted on intervention group over a period of 3 months. At the end, two groups were compared. Craving questionnaire and lapse-and-absence check list were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed via SPSS.v22 using the dependent and independent t-test and Pearson correlation and Chi-square tests.
At the end of third month, the mean of the lapse reached in the experimental group from 2.07±0.89 to 1.57±1.1 and the mean of craving reached from 53.73±13.58 to 50.47±15.1 that showed a significant difference compared to the control group. (P-value The findings showed that continuous care model is effective to reduce lapse and craving of patients that were treated with methadone maintenance therapy. Therefore, it is suggested that this model should be implemented along with a medical treatment to prevent lapse and craving of patients.

Depression is a common disorder with symptoms like reduced energy and interest, feelings of guilt, difficulty in concentrating, loss of appetite, and thoughts of death and suicide. A problem in the treatment of depressed patients is re-admission. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of "adaptive sustainability" as a caring model on the readmission of depressed patients referred to Razi Academic Hospital in Urmia 2015.
This experimental study, after the intervention, was conducted on 100 of the depressed patients whom were randomly divided into two groups: control (n = 50) and intervention (n=50). For the intervention group, 4 staged adaptive model of sustainability-demographic status of the family, desensitization, collaboration and continuous monitoring- was conducted during 6 months while standard care was carried out for the control group. The two groups were compared based on readmissions within 6 months. To analyze the data, independent t test and chi-square tests were used.
The results showed that during the 6 months implementation of sustainability model, 5 out of 47 patients in the intervention group readmitted while 13 out of 47 patients readmitted in the control group (p˂0/05).
Implementation of adaptive sustainability model of care of depressed patients had a positive impact on reducing readmissions. Therefore, we recommend that this model should be implemented by health care providers to reduce readmissions of depressed patients.