narges ahmadifard

The summary of the results of the research background shows that the development of sustainable tourism will not be possible without planning due to its importance and the potential positive and negative effects it brings. Therefore, it will be necessary to adopt fundamental policies through the process of planning and management. Therefore, urban and rural management can move towards the sustainable development of tourism with the knowledge of key drivers. The literature review of the subject in this research shows that in addition to paying attention to the sustainable development of tourism by determining the key drivers in a highly competitive world in planning and management, there will also be a need for a creative approach in order to examine the desired indicators with Determined and examined from a creative point of view. Therefore, the current research aims to identify the key factors affecting the development of creative tourism in Borujerd County by relying on the new perspective of planning and using special futures studies methods.

The current research is analytical and exploratory in nature and based on the futures studies approach and survey and field method; it is also of a mixed type in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research includes 35 people from the trustees of organizations and experts related to the subject in Borujerd County. In the qualitative part, in order to identify the driving forces and uncertainties, observation, environmental scanning and documentary studies, group discussions and semi-structured interviews (Delphi technique) were used, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Looking at the PESTEL approach, the dimensions and variables affecting the development of creative tourism, such as environmental, economic, social and cultural dimensions, etc. in this County were examined and finally, by using MICMAC software, the key drivers affecting the development of creative tourism in Borujerd County has been identified and ranked.

The findings of the research and the distribution of the variables in the distribution plane to determine the state of stability and instability of the system in the studied area indicate the instability of the system. It means that creative tourism in Borujerd County is not in a good condition. Finally, according to the ranks obtained from the direct and indirect influence of the variables, 10 key factors were selected as key indicators effective on the development of creative tourism in Borujerd County, which are: "Increasing air, rail and ground lines to the County "; "Marketing and supporting investors"; "Access to the global network"; "Improve the level of foreign languages and communication with universities and industry"; "Improving the level of knowledge of employees of tourism units"; "Attention to ethnic and cultural diversity"; "Participation of natives and attention to vulnerable groups"; "Supporting the rites and traditions of urban and rural society and holding events"; "Oriental ethics and maintaining social security" and "Employment in the tourism sector". Thus, the future scenarios of creative tourism in Borujerd County should be designed based on these factors.

Based on the results obtained, several key factors were selected as key indicators effective for the development of creative tourism in Borujerd County in the future, which ranks from one to three, respectively, including the increase of air, rail and ground lines to the city, marketing and support for investors and Access to the global network. Also, based on the findings of the research, the final drivers affecting creative tourism in Borujerd County include "social-cultural factors with four drivers", "economic factors with two drivers", "educational factors with two drivers" and "infrastructural and physical factors with one driver " respectively. One of the most important results of this research is the state of distribution and dispersion of the variables affecting creative tourism in Borujerd County, which indicates the instability of the system in the study area, which shows the need to pay attention to any planning considering the uncertainties of the future and with Taking advantage of knowledge will be foresight.

Urban regeneration is an approach to update the old texture of the city, while maintaining the identity and originality of the neighborhood, responding to the daily needs and sustainable urban development. One of the strategies to achieve these conditions is to realize the dimensions of tourism in urban areas. The economic, social, physical and environmental dimensions of sustainable tourism are consistent with the variables and indicators of regeneration. For this purpose, the current research has investigated the role of urban tourism dimensions in recreating the historical context of Yazd city with the help of four main tourism variables. The aim of the current research is to know the mutual relations between urban tourism and the reconstruction of the old context of Yazd city. The type of research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the research is citizens living in the old context of Yazd city with a sample size of 375 people using Cochran’s formula and 30 urban specialists and experts. The results of the research showed that the development of tourism has played the biggest role in the indicators of the physical and economic dimensions. Also, urban tourism has played a role in creating cultural facilities, entertainment and sports centers, increasing social relations, cultural exchanges, strengthening the city’s cultural identity, developing service activities, and preventing economic stagnation. The results obtained from the SOAR analysis showed that the most important role of tourism is the development of social dimensions and people’s participation of the old fabric of the city in tourism programs and urban regeneration plans and creating suitable places to see and visit to attract more tourists.

Urban poverty is a multidimensional problem that Faces people with many limitations including limited access to employment and income, lack of adequate housing and services, unhealthy and violent environments, and lack of access to social services and health support mechanisms, and Educational. Thus, in explaining spatial inequality and urban poverty we cannot simply focus on its economic dimension: because Citizen poverty and social poverty are also other dimensions of poverty that are central to the spread all kinds of social harm and deviation. Today, the weaknesses of poverty studies and poverty-based approaches in cities are evident to almost everyone. It can be said that a realistic understanding and analysis of poverty in urban areas requires more attention to the social dimensions of this problem. Since urban poverty has been the focus of economic attention in most of the cases and few studies have addressed the social aspects affecting urban poverty, Therefore, the present study, with emphasis on the effective social aspects in this field, identifies the extent of social poverty and its pattern of spread in Ardabil during 2006 to 2016 to provide a platform for policymakers, planners, and urban managers to make decisions about reducing poverty and social deprivation problems in urban areas.

Methodoloy:

The purpose of this study is practical and in terms of the nature and method of the research we use descriptive-analytical methods. Source of cited indices and quantities used, data and information of statistical blocks of general population census and housing of Ardabil city during 2006- 2016 and maps (GIS), Deputy Governor of Ardabil Planning.The statistical population of the study is the statistical blocks of Ardabil city during the period of 2006 to 2016. The ARC/GIS software has been used to illustrate the poverty situation in this city using the Hot Spot Analysis technique of spatial autocorrelation. Moran's statistic was used to analyze the distribution patterns of urban poverty.

To study the spatial inequality and determination of urban poverty in Ardebil city, we used the data of 2006 and 2016 statistical blocks and in Arc / GIS software using its capabilities, hot spot analysis are done for all the indices used in Ardabil. This analysis calculates the Gateway-RD statistic for all the effects in the data. Also, with respect to the calculated Z score, it can be shown in which blocks the data are clustered with high or low values. According to this analysis, the higher the Z score, the higher the values clustered and it make hot spots. In the case of the negative and significant Z in terms of Statistical, we can say that the smaller the Z score, the more severe the clustering of the lower values and indicating cold spots. According to the data obtained, in 2006, out of 5142 urban blocks in Ardebil, about 53% were in very deprived and deprived condition, 26% were in moderate condition and about 21% were in good condition. According to 2016 data, these percentages are 46, 23, 33, respectively, among 6439 urban blocks, which also indicates that Ardabil city blocks in terms of social indices in 2016 compared to 2006 is in a better position. At this stage, after identifying the cold and hot spots for each of the indices, the maps are combined and finally the final map for both periods 2006 and 2016, according to the Morris Index is categorized in 5 levels from the most privileged to the most deprived. After classifying Ardebil city blocks in 2006 and 2016, Arc / GIS software and spatial autocorrelation tool have been used to illustrate the pattern of distribution and distribution of this inequality.It is used to analyze patterns of distribution and distribution of effects and phenomena in space and space and is known as the Moran statistic. In this study, the calculated Moran index for 2006 is 0.100517 and for 2016 is 0.137205. These values are smaller than one and on the other hand the value of P-value is zero. It can be concluded that the data in question have spatial autocorrelation and since the value of Moran is positive and close to one, so the spatial pattern of poverty in Ardebil In 2006 and 2016 it has been clustered and concentrated. In Ardebil's poverty and spatial inequality cluster model, the most disadvantaged and most disadvantaged clusters are located in the northern, western and western parts, and the focus of these clusters is largely influenced by urban creep and rural core integration to the body of the city. These embedded textures in the city due to the prevailing conditions of their formation, both physically and economically and socially had vulnerable and unstable textures and formed double poles at the city level.

A deeper scrutiny of and awareness of each community is the first step in planning for a greater and more decisive fight with poverty. Studying more deeply leads to a deeper understanding of the process, and over the course of time. It provides a compelling picture of poverty. Among these measures, the conflict between the object and the mind, or more modernly, the quantitative and qualitative attitudes toward achieving poverty eradication efforts. In recent years this struggle has shifted in favor of a qualitative attitude and emphasis on socio-cultural indicators. The spread of the phenomenon of poverty, especially in the suburbs of Ardebil, is the major problem of the city, which has increased in recent years with rural migration and the incorporation of rural textures into the city limits and the expansion of suburbanization. Given that the nature and dimensions of the power created in the Ardebil blocs are not only a necessity for an inequality, but also are a necessity based on human values, Therefore, in this study, 21 social indices were extracted from the statistical blocks of 2006 and 2016, and by applying these indices to Arc GIS environment, the poverty and inequality situation in Ardabil city was investigated.

Leisure is defined in any way and concept, it is one of the indicators of lifestyle and people's lifestyle usually shows itself in leisure. The level of people's access to material and cultural resources, including education, can determine their social and economic status and, along with personal characteristics such as gender and age, create a certain type of lifestyle for them and determine the amount and fruition of their leisure facilities. In the meantime, understanding the current situation and the spatial pattern governing the leisure activities of citizens and leisure priorities in the form of categories and ways of spending leisure time and barriers to achieving them will be very important. Therefore, in this framework, the present study tries to study the relationship between independent variables such as age, gender, education and income in the dependent variable of leisure time, to study and comparative knowledge of the type and manner of leisure time in the study areas to prioritize leisure priorities and barriers. In the continuation of this research, it tried to study the spatial analysis of leisure time by presenting the level of fruition and non- fruition of areas of leisure uses both from the point of view of leisure specialists and experts and from the point of view of access levels to a suitable spatial model. In this regard, create a comparative analysis in order to identify the spatial differences of leisure time in the desired areas, one of which is the middle texture and the other as the new urban texture.

The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and inferential and its type is applied. Using the documentary method, conceptual and theoretical dimensions of the subject, different indicators related to leisure time have been studied. Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used to analyze the data. SPSS software and Pearson correlation and analysis of variance were used to perform statistical analysis and correlation of variables. Other software in the study areas is Eexcel. The multi-criteria decision model and its combination with hierarchical analysis in the GIS environment and the effective Expert Choice software have also been used to obtain a spatial pattern governing how leisure is spent.

The results show that the amount of leisure time spent among men living in region 22 (2.90) was higher than women (2.81), which is higher in region 19 among men living in region (3.61). It was from women (3.53). In examining the relationship between age, education level and income (independent variables) with leisure time (dependent variable) in the study areas, it should be noted that the highest correlation between independent variables and dependent variable in region 22 is education variable with 0.319 . Similarly, the income variable with 0.226 and the age variable with 0.156 are in the next ranks. Therefore, the results of correlation coefficient show that there is a positive and direct relationship between the variables of age, education and income with leisure time. However, the highest correlation between independent variables and dependent variable in region 19 is related to income variable with 0.651. Similarly, the education variable with 0.522 and the age variable with 0.299 are in the next ranks. In the following, a list of types of leisure time and existing barriers to spending leisure time in the extracted areas were prepared in the form of questionnaires and analyzed separately in order to provide points and rankings of the extracted materials. Then, it was tried to provide access to leisure uses in the form of maps so that in addition to determining the quality of access and their extent fruition of recreational uses, the needs of the study areas can be determined for each of these major uses. But the work does not end here, but using the opinion of relevant experts and effective models and software, an attempt was made to analyze the fruition availability and non- fruition of areas.

The results of one-way analysis of variance test in the study areas showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the gender with the way they spend their leisure time in both areas. Leisure time spent among men and women in the study areas showed that the amount of leisure time spent among men living in the areas was more than women. The highest correlation between independent and dependent variables in region 22 includes education variable with 0.319, income variable with 0.226 and age variable with 0.156. But the highest correlation between independent and dependent variables in region 19 includes income variable with 0.651, education variable with 0.522 and age variable with 0.299, respectively. Therefore, according to the results of the models in regions 19 and 22, it was found that there is a significant and positive relationship between the variables of age, education and income with the amount of leisure time spent. However, regarding the way of spending leisure time and leisure spaces in both areas, it should be noted that it has both collective and public methods and inactive private and home methods, with the difference that the growth of recreation is more and more in private like cyberspace, using Internet has been higher in District 19 than in District 22. Finally, the results of residents' access to a variety of leisure spaces indicate that District 22 has more leisure uses than District 19. However, it should be noted that despite the fact that District 22 has more leisure uses, research has shown that the amount of leisure time among men and women in District 19 is higher than in District 22, and as mentioned in, this is due to the prevailing growth of recreation more than ever in solitude.

The tourism approach for presenting historical texts, in addition to responding to the needs of the people and everyday life, has a significant bearing on the identity of the historical context. By improving and developing the special historical features and cultural attractions of the place and promoting urban tourism, can help to the social and physical reconstruction of historical texts and finally, it can return the dynamics and civic life to these textures and create a perspective of the city that is results the interaction between time, culture, society and the physical, in order to provide simultaneous protection and development of the tissue. With regarding this, the present study seeks to identify the power of the region and formulate a Strategic Plan of Development with using a set of internal factors and a set of external factors.

The research method is descriptive and analytical. The method of data collection is through the design and completion of questionnaires. Analysis does with SWOT and ANP hybrid model in Super Decision software.

The result of the research showed that from among the strategies reviewed, the following three strategies were prioritized: Integrated strategy and coordination of management decisions related to the development of regional tourism from the competitive strategies of the region and the strategy of raising awareness and training of human resource specialist and tourism related expert from strategies for defensive strategy and finally, the strategy to prioritize the area in the plans of the Municipality Planning Council as effective strategy in the competitive strategy are selected.

The result of this study show that with coordinating management decisions, budget allocations, education and Knowledge of expert human resources in tourism along with prioritizing the area in the plans of the municipal council planning in designing tourism development programs by authorities create strategic development in the region.

If sustainable urban development is considered as economic efficiency, social equality and environment protection, one major perquisite for its realization is optimization of urban land uses; otherwise the cities would suffer from sprawl or uncontrolled expansion. Various models have been proposed for understanding the city shape and its scattering measurement.

This work aims at calculating Tehran urban sprawl in various decades using different models including temporal analysis of urban density, quartile distribution, degree-balanced distribution, degree of aggregation and Holdern model, and its impact examines on nearby farms.

Findings of this work show that Tehran is shifting from concentration and gradual growth to excessive urban sprawl and rapid and uncontrolled growth. In The following, using satellite images of the years 1357 and 1385 we examines the rate of change of land use especially the quality and quantity of changes of farmland to urban uses with using ArcGIS software. The image has converted to maps through visual processing or visual interpretation. At the end with map have obtained with using compilation and synthesis method that can show to how land use changes during the period (28 years).

The results of research in this section indicate that the total agricultural land in study area in 1979 was about 38952 hectares that Half of which have been eliminated in the course of 28 years 1996- 2006 and have decreased directly or indirectly through urban development and reached 19.4 thousand hectares in 2006. If the growth and development of the city continues as sprawl distribution. The same amount of land will be destroyed in the future development.

Today, the tourism industry goes beyond an industry, as a dynamic global and social phenomenon that has its own complexity and the exact recognition and scientific analysis of this phenomenon can provide a safe framework for the planning of the tourism industry. Tourism is considered as the greatest social mobility with cultural, economic and spatial multiple effects which always needs to be effective in its current and future development. In this regard, planning for the development of tourism is dependent on the various factors and conditions that can be achieved if they are systematically and structurally applied. This topic indicates the importance of future research and tries to formulate the future need prospects in the development of tourism. Therefore, in this research, it has been tried to identify and analyze the key factors of tourism development. In this study, the first 36 factors in five different areas of socio-cultural, economic, management and planning, infrastructure-services and extracted natural factors were obtained through environmental and Delphi scanning techniques and then, using the Delphi method of administrators. The matrix of cross-component effects of the components has been formed. For the next step, the Micmac software is applied in matrix analysis. The results of the dispersion of variables in the scales of influence and dependent of factors in the Mick-Mac software indicate the system's instability in the tourism of case study and on that basis, five categories of variables were identified. Finally, considering the high point of direct and indirect effects of factors, thirteen major factors were identified as key factors in the development of tourism in the cities of Mazandaran province. Among these key factors of case study the variables of the infrastructure and services sector had the highest impact on tourism development of case study, while the natural factors had the least impact degree. Undoubtedly, tourism is an organized form of human activity in production, consumption which has been an incredible and global attempt. Tourism with promise of employment is one of the most attractive development strategies that can play an important role in the broader concept of development, namely, competitiveness in cities. Competitiveness in any field is not possible without achieving sustained planning and based on the design of the key factors with future research approach. The awareness and understanding of effective issues and factors on development, along with the using of management approaches of future research and the design of key factors, are an effective feature of this approach. Therefore, the necessity of using this approach in the case study was proposed until with this way, key factors of tourism development would be identified. The present research is an applied one in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in term of its method. Environmental and Delphi scanning techniques are used to identify variables and indicators. In this regard, in the first stage, online articles and a review of published articles in the effective factors on tourism development were used to collect variables. Then semi-structured questionnaire was distributed among professional experts in the field of tourism who were asked to score in the framework of the matrix of cross-effects of variables, based on the influence and dependent with numbers in the range of 0 to 3 points. In this research, a purposeful sampling method was used to select the participants consciously. The statistical population of this research is 50 experts in the field of tourism including the experts from the municipalities of the studied cities, the Tourism and Heritage Organization, and some university professors in the case Study. Validity of the questionnaire was reviewed and verified by the experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was also used by Cronbach's alpha. Tourism is a multi-species activity and dependent from large number of factors and influent on many phenomena. On the other hand, the necessity of tourism infrastructure in tourist cities and the uncertainty caused by environmental complexities make it difficult to plan and forecast the future in these cities. So that traditional programming can no longer respond to them, and the need for a new approach, such as a future research approach, has been raised predicting the future and explaining the solutions which can provide access to favorable conditions. Therefore, in this research, it has been tried to identify the key proponents of tourism development in Mazandaran province by combining the tourism system attitude with the future research approach.  The status of the dispersion page of the affect variables on the development of tourism in the cities of Mazandaran province is the unstable situation of the system. Regarding the system instability, five variables including determinants or influential variables, two-way variables, regulatory variables, dependent variables or outcome, independent variables were identified in this system. Finally, after conducting different analysis of direct and indirect dependent and influence, 36 factors were ranked and finally 13 factors were selected as the key factors of tourism development in Mazandaran province. This research is based on a new approach to plan (Future Research) with the aim of identifying key factors for the future development of tourism in the cities of Mazandaran, 36 primary factors include socio-cultural factors, economic factors, planning and management factors, infrastructure and service factors, and natural factors were extracted. Then, using the structural analysis in the Micmac software, these factors were measured. Based on the results obtained from structural analysis in the graph, the dependent and influence of the variables in case study show that the factors of the service and infrastructure sector with the total score of 502, the most influential and social and cultural factors with a score of 192, have the least influential on the future of tourism development in the cities of Mazandaran province. Finally, 13 key factors as the most influential factors on the tourism future of Mazandaran province were selected as key factors: Welfare services, urban green space, expansion of tourism-related spaces, competitiveness, regional transportation network, tourism tours, climatic conditions, private sector investment, urban transport network, security, Infrastructure, distribution of facilities. These factors are the most important factors influencing on tourism development in the case study. Finally, based on the results of structural analysis in Micmac software, among the five areas of the case study, the service and infrastructure sector factors were identified as the most influential factors on the system. However, it should be noted that selection is not enough and there should be an accurate and coherent planning about these key factor, so that, with the use of existing potentials and capacities, sustainable development of tourism in these cities is possible.

The Policy of urban regeneration for responding to people's needs and everyday life, has significant reference to the identity of historical structure in an attempt to up to date them. Access to this matter depends only to creative urban tourism. From Fields and new methods that can create regeneration through tourism, the attention and the development of cultural industries. Using of cultural industries is comprehensive approach to urban regeneration of historical part that not only it is based on attractions but also development of cultural industries is achieved. In this regard, this study is intended to identify the capability of regenerating historical structure of district 12 through creative tourism. this study showed that when tourism elements can be placed in the path of regeneration that will be made in terms of creativity. Thus, historical attractions along with cultural elements based on the creative tourism have been considered as cultural industries And through models and methods such as TOPSIS and Shannon’s entropy were analyzed. The results indicated that in addition to the historical attractions in this region, Puppet shows, advertising index and the painting index are the most factors and priorities of cultural industries that can use in Creative tourism development of region whit ultimate goal of regeneration.

Theory of creative city is a planning in the age of globalization that various aspects of human life is the most important characteristic in it. There are the growing importance of creativity and culture in the economy and the need to specific places and spaces. No doubt the historical contexts are heritage resources and appropriate location to apply creative approach. Creative City theory and the emergence of interventionist policies in the historical contexts are regarded by policymakers and urban planning because of social and economic dimensions and local capacity in it. In such situation, what could be a new actor to play the role of economic and urban management is Cultural policies in those the public areas and zones of creative developments was considered as basic aim for the development of cities in future. Therefore in this article we have tried that with emphasizing on tourism activities and with exploring new ideas in creative development, zones of creative development of historical contexts are studied and identified. Research model is descriptive, analytical and exploratory. In this research, we have used from model of land capability measurement and multi-criteria decision with integrating them with AHP and rating layers in GIS. The results indicated that Ferdowsi Square, Baharestan Square and the city park area can be considered as zones for creative development.

Central texture in old cities was once the most important and best residential neighborhood. Today, because of the presence of human communities there are a lot of historic and valuable elements with different dimensions (physica, economic, etc.). Thus, today fixing them is a serious issue. At any time, pavement managers chose different approaches and policies for intervening in distressed texture that tries to correct the last approaches and policies. One of them is urban regeneration, this policy emphasize on the participatory approach that improve distressed texture to achieve goals of sustainable development. With this introduction, this study attempts to examine the views of residents in 12 region of Tehran and discover the main factors in urban regeneration.
This research in terms of purpose is applied and in terms of method is analytic. Required data is collected from field studies such as questionnaires, interview and also from document. For analysis of data, we used SWOT and QSPM analysis matrix.
Findings: From the results of SWOT and QSPM analysis matrix, we show the highest strategies. One of the strateges is participation of various groups with their special attention to regeneration with score 3.2. The next rank is making a lot of diversification in facilities and services in order to satisfy residents and attracting rich people to this texture and establish various support mechanism for providing different fields of investment with score of 3.16. The lowest attractiveness is balance strategic plans between the types of activities related to urban land use and regeneration with 2.8 score.
The Region 12 of Tehran is as a historical and cultural texture that can consider identity of Tehran. This article tried to study necessary grounds for regeneration in case study. Since regeneration process is participatory, so we had to have an analysis of the views of resident about beneficiaries in different fields for regeneration. For this purpose, weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats in a SWOT matrix is adjusted and then in QSPM matrix we could attain important strategies for regeneration.

The urban sustainable development is economic efficiency، social justice and environmental preservation so one of the its important conditions is utilization from urban land، otherwise cities suffer from urban sprawl. So far، several models are presented for understanding the form of city and its dispersion measure. This research attempts to analyze urban spraw lof Tehran by different models such as urban density، the quartile distribution، temperature distribution، balance، concentration and temperature Holdrn model in different decades، and then considers the impact of government programs for different factors of urban sprawl. Reslts showed that with the lack of efficient management of land and illegal discrimination in Tehran there is urban sprael. Therefore، according to the principles of sustainable urban development Tehran can push toward sustainability. But، policies can control further spread of this phenomenon in Tehran and in all cities of the country.

There are a lot of ideas in urban development process and texture changes especially in historic texture of cities in the last century that they have been shaped in terms of place¡ time and development policies and they have been exposed with different ideas in the course of their changes. One of the most nature is an approach that show tourism development as the guiding document. For tourism developing in historical texture¡ attention to strategies and programs and measures in theory¡ this study wants to explore the main factors in the development of tourism in the historic part of Tehran’s 12 region. The Research method is descriptive and analytical. The result of this study show that Cultural tourism development is possible only by relying on these strategies¡ in this way carrying capacity of tourism will increase in region thereby the development of regional will be operating through culture.

Public spaces are one of the major spaces in metropolitan areas which civic life flows in. Also super aspect of public relations is reflected in public spaces. There was social correlations sites and spaces with different scales in traditional era of Iranian cities¡ but because of the transformation of urban spatial in the modern period these spaces were stripped of their social burden. In hence¡ regardless of the role they can play¡ structure of the city with these spaces led to illegible and non-recognizable context of the city. “Urban Public Spaces” should be a place for “social interaction” and “social life”. Public spaces have a mission to increase “social capital” in communities¡ in the context of social interactions and connections which can be admitted for the development and formation of “individuality” and “social’ identity. The urban landscape can be examined with the aspects of functional¡ identical and aesthetic. Urban landscape with the three dimensions of emotional¡ cultural and ecological identity is a new type of fluid identity that directly relates to the perception of citizens. Attention to the landscape as a basic and necessary ( but not sufficient) factor for the qualification of urban spaces has a special significance. Quality of urban space as a product of the interaction between human¡ activity and physic of the city is dependent on the quality of its visual components. Visual components of urban space due to the nature of concrete are human perceived senses; providing background of perception¡ cognition and environmental assessment of citizens. The role of public spaces in the urban landscape is summarized in three major components: functional role of environment¡ the aesthetic (visual) role and identity role. Paying attention to the roles and improving the situation of urban public spaces¡ this paper attempted to assess the effectiveness¡ the role of public spaces in urban identity and quality of region no.1 of Tehran. The statistic population of this study is the inhabitants of Shemiranat (Tajrish) city center which is located in region no.1 of municipality of Tehran and according to the population census of 1385; there were 7¡840 persons and 2863 households. Sample population were selected by those who had answered the questionnaires¡ Finally¡ the extracted information from the questionnaires were examined by some methods of analysis and using SPSS statistical software. In order to analyze public spaces as well as the quality and identity¡ SWOT analysis matrix was used. Categories of subjective and objective factors such as perception¡ reading¡ visual aspects and functional capabilities of public spaces for region no.1 as well as effective factors in role-creating¡ persistence in addressed mind¡ create and reinforce memories and perspectives play role in qualification of urban spaces. Public spaces of the urban landscape due to favorable factors have played a significant role in the life and vitality of urban space. Existences of the natural environment in conceptual and historical aspects¡ and recreation of natural and cultural perspective are effective factors to promote a sense of community and place. On the other hand¡ often the existing public spaces have such characteristics that are not suitable for a public space. Thus¡ there are obstacles in the way of successful function of spaces which can be divided into two main groups: 1) physical problem (in terms of perceived quality)¡ 2) lack of planning and management problems (in terms of intangible quality). Nowadays¡ with the physical problems that often are important for performance¡ trade and providing services¡ these places will become the centers of chaos and confusion due to problems caused by lack of a plan for monitoring and managing these spaces.

Golestan Province is located in the north of Iran. This province is cradle of Tabari civilization. Through discoveries in previous years, a lot of historical and archeological items have been obtained, which are now known as historical and archelogical wealth of Iran. Making people familiar with such cultural and artistic honors and civilization of our fathers and encouraging national pride and patriotism are possible through establishment of museums. Since museums are one of the tourism infrastructures and vital for the development of such industry, it is required to establish museums for implementing tourism development policies and increasing tourism- related incomes in national and regional.