seyed mohammad shobeiry

This article discusses the challenges faced in constructing power plants in Iran, such as the lack of government funding and technical knowledge transfer. Power plant projects have been delegated to the private sector to address these issues. However, private sector investments have plateaued, leading to potential electricity shortages in the future. The purpose of this article is to identify the obstacles encountered by the private sector and suggest policy packages to incentivize investment. This descriptive and analytical research aims to promote the contribution of the private sector to developing and building thermal power plants. The study employs a case study approach, interviews with industry experts, and content analysis of existing reports and documents. Policy recommendations are suggested based on the identified challenges and solutions. Thematic analysis is used to process the data, and reliability is guaranteed through structured processes and peer review. The findings reveal that the most significant challenges include the inability of the Ministry of Energy to fulfill the demands of private power plants, inefficient financial flow within the power industry, and non-competitive increases in the cost of establishing and operating thermal power plants. To tackle these challenges, suggested solutions include reforming the electricity tariff system for households, high-consumption (above 5 megawatts) and export-oriented industries, devising an exclusive equipment pricing system, and dissociating equipment prices in contracts.

The development of thermal power plants for the continuous supply of electrical energy requires an average of at least 3 years, hence the necessity to plan for proper infrastructure and requirements. Governments strongly need the participation of the private sector for economic growth and increasing efficiency in the construction of power plants. The present research attempts to plan the development of thermal power plants to maximize the share of the development of private power plants considering the limitation of gas fuel in Iran in the 7th development plan. Therefore, to predict the peak load of the power grid during the study period, two methods of the Arima time series and Narx neural network are used. Also, the effect of two exogenous and emerging variables, including the growth of consumption resulting from the mining of crypto-currencies and the growth of industrial consumption on the peak load rate, is investigated. To achieve higher accuracy, the research method is formulated by combining mathematical modeling and considering general and experimental factors and limitations affecting the problem. Then, the capacity of private power plant development to provide the expected load increase in the study period is determined according to the fuel limit stated in the upstream documents. The results demonstrate that during the years of the 7th plan, due to the maximum fuel limit, it is possible to plan to increase the thermal power capacity by 5157 megawatts.

Reduction and separation from the source of waste are two ultimate goals in waste management that achieving it requires a comprehensive and long-term educational model. The aim of this study was to design and validate a model for teaching minimization and segregation of waste from the source (case study: secondary school students) in 2021 and 2022 among secondary school students.

The present research is a questionnaire from the perspective of the purpose of an applied research development and data collection tool. The statistical population includes managers in the field of waste management and students. Sampling of administrators was done by purposeful method and sampling of students was done by random method. ISM method and MicMac software were used to design the pattern and partial least squares method and Smart PLS software were used to validate the pattern.

Educational environment variables and teacher role, educational behavioral goals and educational needs assessment in the independent area, respect and responsibility for the environment, analysis and determination of evaluation system and principles of curriculum education in the dependent area and teaching-learning approaches and principles of teaching teaching methods. Learning, principles of organizing educational content and principles of selecting educational content are also included in the link area.

Based on the research results, educational needs assessment and educational behavioral goals are at the first level of the model. These factors are in dynamic interaction with the principles of organizing educational content and the principles of selecting educational content. These components also affect the principles of selection of teaching-learning methods and teaching-learning approaches and lead to the creation of curriculum teaching principles. Ultimately, the analysis and determination of the evaluation system will lead to respect and responsibility towards the environment.

Waste is not only problematic in terms of health and environment, but also in terms of transportation, collection and disposal. The aim of this study was to identify the effective indicators in citizenship education for minimization and segregation of waste in 1399 in the provinces of Tehran, Shiraz, Saveh and Khomein.

This research is an exploratory research from the perspective of the purpose, which is mixed with the research method and is based on deductive-inductive reasoning. The statistical population of this study consists of experts including university professors and municipal managers. Non-probability and purposeful sampling and data collection tools are semi-structured interviews and fuzzy Delphi questionnaire. For the analysis of specialized interviews, the qualitative thematic method has been used. Also, the identified indicators have been validated by fuzzy Delphi method.

Research data analysis was performed in the qualitative phase with MaxQDA software and in the quantitative phase with Matlab software.

The results of the interviews were analyzed by content analysis method. In the open coding stage, 517 codes were identified. Finally, 11 axes (main category) and 45 indicators (subcategory) were obtained through axial coding.

The results showed that in order to educate citizens to minimize and separate from the source of waste, a bedding is needed that is appropriate to the educational goals. Among these, the principles of curriculum education and the determination of educational behavioral goals are of great importance. Also, appropriate educational needs assessment and the principles of selecting educational content and organizing it in order to achieve the goals of citizenship education as a facilitating factor. In general, the principles of selecting teaching-learning methods and approaches based on it and considering the analysis and determination of the evaluation system and the role of the teacher in the appropriate educational environment, will lead to respect and responsibility for the environment in high school students.

This research aims to design an ontological model of environmental education with emphasis on Quranic verses. Absolute existence belongs to God, and other beings are the creatures of this existence. Recognition of nature as a manifestation of divine truth and verse and the conquest and enjoyment of it is another important educational goal of Islam. In recent decades, serious and growing concerns about environmental and nature crises have been raised in scientific circles; Most of those crises are rooted in a lack of awareness. In fact, public environmental education is the key to tackling this problem; In the age of information and communication technology, in the form of distance education, is noteworthy. In the present study, qualitative methodology and grounded theory method have been used. Fundamental theory is a method based on qualitative methodology. The field of research in qualitative research is equivalent to the statistical population in quantitative research. After the presence of the researcher in the research field, until the theoretical saturation was reached, the various categories were interviewed and the data taken from the initial interviews were used to construct more accurate subsequent interviews. In this study, theoretical sampling and purposive sampling were used. The results of this research led to the design of an ontology model of environmental education in the distance education system with emphasis on Quranic verses.

The aim of this study was to determine and rank the intervening factors for the ontology of environmental education in the distance education system with emphasis on Quranic verses.

In this article, in order to determine and rank the intervening factors for the ontology of environmental education in the distance education system with emphasis on Quranic verses, by examining scientific sources such as books, articles and related research records. In this way, the evaluated factors in other studies were identified and determined. Then, in order to collect data in field studies, questionnaires were designed and compiled by selecting a questionnaire tool to obtain the opinions of experts in the statistical community. In this article, two questionnaires are used to complete the research process. To fuzzy the data, triangular fuzzy numbers were used and in this way, the opinion of all experts was gathered in a general matrix, in this matrix, the first fuzzy number, the least number of views, the third fuzzy number, the highest number of views and the second fuzzy number, the average Geometric is the opinion of experts.

Most of the existing environmental problems are rooted in the lack of necessary knowledge and cultural weakness in the relationship between man and nature and is actually a cultural problem, so it requires national and international determination to strengthen the culture of environmental protection at different levels of society. In this regard, public environmental education is the key to confronting this cultural problem and a preventive and effective approach to promote environmental awareness.

The results show that the criterion of "divine caliphate, a trustworthy environment in human hands" is the most important criterion.