zhila farzaneh sadat zaranji

The tourism industry, ranking as the third-largest sector, plays a crucial role in providing economic resources for cities. Effective management of tourism potential can create substantial income and support sustainable urban development. This research aims to identify challenges obstructing urban tourism development, focusing on Ardabil city as a case study. Employing a descriptive-exploratory approach, the study involves experts familiar with Ardabil's tourism industry as the research population. Fifteen experts were selected using the snowball sampling method as the statistical sample. The questionnaire's reliability was assessed through the retest method, yielding an initial correlation of 0.780 and a repeated correlation of 0.763, indicating acceptable reliability. Validity was ensured through content analysis, with data analyzed using Structural Interpretive Modeling (ISM). Findings reveal that an organization with an influence power of 8 has the greatest impact, while socio-cultural challenges hold the least influence at 5.

​The Mehr housing project is one of the biggest projects, and due to its extent, it is necessary to examine the results of this experience. Given that in 2017, the twelfth government put the national housing action plan on its agenda, the evaluation of Mehr housing complexes can have a positive effect on the implementation of the national housing plan. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to evaluate the quality of Mehr housing complexes in Ardebil city, which is a step towards the optimal planning of the national housing plan. The statistical population of the research includes 20 experts. In order to evaluate and prioritize the studied complexes, eight parameters (facilities and services, physical, social, lighting and ventilation, pollution, access, environmental, and economic) were used. In this regard, the target sites were prioritized using the MABAC model. The GIS software was also used to better represent the output. The findings showed that Mehr Waliasr housing (Sham Esbi) is in first place with a score of 0.485 and is a good condition, while Mehr Mirasharf housing is ranked last with a score of -0.385 and is in a very unfavorable situation. Mehr Pileh Saharan housing is ranked second with a score of 0.070, which shows the relatively good condition of this complex. The results of the research reveal that in the planning, construction, and implementation of Mehr housing complexes, quantitative and project aspects have surpassed their quality. Therefore, it is hoped that these shortcomings will be overcome in the national housing plan

Since the land surrounding the city, especially in Iranian cities, is considered as a supporting environment for the city, and at the same time, a large part of Iranian cities are created behind the banks of agricultural lands and natural and human phenomena. Paying attention to determining a suitable direction for the future growth and development of the city is very important. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to find the optimal location of the physical expansion of Sardasht City using the combined Hasse method and the fuzzy network analytical process (FANP) of the spatial information system. 

The method of the current research is practical and analytical in terms of its descriptive nature, in order to achieve the goal of the research, different layers of information, including height, percentage of slope, slope direction, distance from main roads, distance from the city center, distance from areas Forest protection, distance from water sources, land use, distance from waterways and distance from watersheds are included in ARC GIS software and while analyzing them in geographic information system database using FANP, lands It was found suitable for the future physical development of Sardasht City.

The results of the research showed that based on the overlap map obtained, which is the result of fuzzy models and  analytic network process (ANP), the best lands for the future development of Sardasht City are scattered in the south, southwest, northeast and west parts of the city. Also, the most unsuitable parts in this field are scattered in the east, northwest and parts of the west of the city

According to the findings of the research, the completely suitable and relatively suitable floor is located in the south, southwest, northeast and west parts. Unsuitable floors are located in the south end of the city and small parts are scattered in the study area. The completely inappropriate class includes the north, northwest, east and parts of the western areas of the city.

Green city is one the new approaches evoked by the concepts of sustainable urban development, which can be used to improve the quality of the environment and sustainable urban development. Meanwhile, following the outbreak of Covid 19 virus, the reduction or cessation of some activities has positive effects on the environment. On this basis, proper management and maintaining a favorable environmental situation resulting from this pandemic can pave the way to achieving sustainable development. Therefore, the aim of this study is evaluate the stability of Ardabil city during the pavilion of Covid 19 with approach of realizing the green city. The leading research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and method and its statistical population is citizens of the three regions of Ardabil. The method of determining the sample size was using Cochran's formula, in which 382 samples were determined. It should be noted that sampling method of this research is stratified random. Excle and SPSS software were used to analyze the data. Then, using the stability barometer model, the target areas were leveled. Findings show that score of stability of social dimension (0.522) economic (0.489), environmental (0.434) and total sustainability (0.476) and shows the average level of sustainability, welfare score Ecosystem is equal to (0.434) and human welfare is equal to (0.495). Among these, the towns of Azadi, Rezvan, Azadegan and Hafez due to having favorable conditions in all three dimensions of stability studied have the most positive impact and in contrast to Molabashi and Molayosef neighborhoods because they are informal settlements in all three dimensions of causal stability. Especially in environmental dimension, they have the most negative impact on the studied criteria. Therefore, the necessary planning in accordance with the strengths, weaknesses and priorities of each neighborhood is necessary..

The cityscape, particularly the city entrances, plays a significant role in attracting tourists and forming their initial impressions of a city. However, the entrance spaces of Ardabil, despite its rich cultural and historical heritage and strategic location as a major tourist destination, suffer from various problems and do not exhibit the desired characteristics. This research aims to assess the visual appeal and landscape quality of Ardabil's city entrances and prioritize them for future planning. The study adopts an applied research approach with a descriptive, analytical, and survey method. The research population consists of 15 urban planning experts and professionals in Ardabil. Four indicators, including physical, functional, aesthetic, and representation of the city's identity, were used to measure desirability. The Shannon's entropy model was utilized to assign weights to the indicators, and the PROMETHEE model was employed to prioritize the entrances based on the desired indicators. The results ranked the entrances as: 0.226, 0.011, -0.104, -0.074, with the first four entrances taking the top spots, and the Tehran-Ardabil entrance ranking fifth with a score of -0.059. Consequently, planning efforts should be organized according to the strengths and weaknesses of each entrance, while respecting the priority of intervention.

Waste disposal and accumulation in the environment is well known as an environmental and human health problem that, in addition to environmental aesthetic issues, is a threat to the mental, physical, and emotional health of citizens. Despite the positive effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the environment, it has also had negative effects on the environment. This study aimed to pathologically analyze the environmental behavior of citizens in District 3 of Ardabil with emphasis on littering during the COVID-19 pandemic and taking into account four criteria (lack of facilities, dirty environment, anonymity, and habit of littering). 

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Excel and SPSS software (to estimate the average answers to the questionnaire) were used to analyze the data. To measure the environmental behaviors of the citizens of the studied areas, the relevant indicators were used with the entropy weighting method and the target areas were classified using decision-making techniques. Finally, the Copeland integration technique was used to achieve the final prioritization.

Based on the findings of various decision-making techniques, the Molayosef and Molabashi neighborhoods were in the most unfavorable situation with the lowest score and ranked first in terms of waste distribution, and the Rezvan neighborhood was in the last rank with the highest score and had the best status.

Since many citizens consider the lacked or poor waste disposal services as one of the important reasons for littering behavior, therefore, providing health-care and education infrastructure in the city is very important to encourage community members toward responsible environmental behaviors.

Although the outbreak of coronary heart disease initially resulted in high rates of death from viral infections, over time, the dramatic increase in social ills caused the disease to become a serious threat to cities. Accordingly, the present study has been conducted with the aim of assessing the social harms caused by corona the neighborhoods of region 3 of Ardabil city by emphasizing the criteria of social harm and prioritizing them for future planning. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and analytical in terms of nature. The required data were obtained through survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. The statistical population of study consists of citizens of District 3 of Ardabil city, of which 382 people were estimated as a sample based on Cochran's formula. Since the random sampling method was classified, 30 questionnaires and total of 480 questionnaires were distributed and completed for each neighborhood. To assess the social damage caused by the corona the studied areas, the relevant indicators using The entropy method of weighting and target areas were ranked using multi-criteria decision making techniques (TOPSIS, SAV, VICOR) and finally the Kopland integration technique was used to achieve the final prioritization. the results of implementation of the mentioned techniques, Malayosev and Malabashi neighborhoods with the lowest score the most unfavorable situation and in the first rank and Rezvan neighborhoods with the highest score in the last rank and with the best status in terms of social harms compared to other neighborhoods According to the respondents, following the outbreak of Covid virus 19 and the psychological stress caused by financial incapacity and economic poverty, it has increased social harms, which is more pronounced in urban suburbs such as Malabashi, Malayusuf and Bahonar.

Covid virus 19 as a universal epidemic is a reality that all societies today are struggling with and leaves many negative consequences and social harms. These consequences are more pronounced in informal settlements. To this end, prioritizing informal settlements in terms of the extent of social harm can help police monitor more closely.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The required data were collected through field methods. The statistical population of the study corresponds to 15 neighborhoods of informal settlements in Ardabil. In order to study the studied areas, the relevant indicators were weighted using entropy method and ranked using multi-criteria decision making techniques and to achieve the final prioritization, Copeland integration technique was used.

Based on the metrics used in the research and the results of the implementation of various multi-criteria decision-making techniques, the first rank in terms of social harms caused by the Covid 19 pandemic belongs to Islamabad neighborhood and the last rank to Kazemabad neighborhood. Neighborhoods (Panah Abad and Golmoghan) as well as neighborhoods (Seyed Abad and Iran Abad) have the same ranks.

According to the findings of the present study, informal settlements in Ardabil during the pavilion of Covid 19 did not have a good situation and therefore the management of these neighborhoods requires a comprehensive and systematic perspective. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the criteria related to crime and delinquency had the most negative impact on the level of these neighborhoods. In this regard, the police, as the main trustee of maintaining public order and security to prevent crime, can play an important role in reducing and modifying this important matter.