جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "تعامل گرایی" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

The purpose of this research was to analyze the phenomenon of managerial succession in women's championship sports. In this research, using the combined-exploratory method, the factors of the phenomenon of managerial succession in women's championship sports were identified. And by using the purposeful sampling method and the theoretical saturation technique, key informants (includingpeople15) have been selected to identify the model framework of the phenomenon of managerial succession in women's championship sports, and interviews have been conducted with them. The tool used for The factors of managerial succession in championship sports were identified through semi-structured interviews (with focus groups) and the study of documents. To ensure the validity and reliability of the study, the assessment method of Linuklen and Goba was used. And the final model was presented with the method of structural-interpretive modeling. The model obtained in total included 16 components as the phenomenon of managerial succession in women's championship sports in the two stages of interactionism and structuralism. Therefore, in order to institutionalize succession in the management of women's sports, the interests and mindset of women towards the post managerial positions should be evaluated, the managerial activities of women in sports should be observed, people inclined to managerial positions should be identified, and finally, the performance of women in managerial positions should be investigated and reflected in order to provide positive feedback and strengthen the positive image of women's management.

This article examines and studies Iran's political-security strategy in the Persian Gulf between 2018 and 2020. The main question of the article is: Iran's political-security strategy was formed under the influence of what factors in the mentioned period? The hypothesis of this article is as follows: Iran's political-security strategy in the Persian Gulf in the years 2018 to 2020 was a reaction to the maximum pressure mechanism of the United States and the withdrawal of this country from the JCPOA. The results of this research show that despite Iran's efforts during the first term of Rouhani's presidency to promote an interactive policy with the world and cooperation with the Persian Gulf countries, due to the new tension with the United States, Iran also adopted an asymmetric deterrence strategy in order to to neutralize America's aggressive and hostile policies. The research method in this article is qualitative and descriptive and analytical, and the data of the article has been collected from library sources and in the form of surveys.

The present article examines the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Khatami and Rouhani discourses. The main question of the article is what was the approach to de-escalation in Khatami and Rouhani discourses? The hypotheses that follow this question are as follows: De-escalation of tensions in both Khatami and Rouhani discourses has been the result of their realistic and pragmatic approach to foreign policy. The results of the research show that both discourses believed that the solution to Iran's problems and crises should be sought in improving Iran's image based on existing regional and international realities. Accordingly, both of them sought to put a review of strategies on the agenda while maintaining the basic principles and identity of Iran's foreign policy. Research method in the present study is the qualitative method (descriptive-analytical method) and the data were collected from library sources in the form of phishing.

This study examines the two concepts of interactionism and coherence in the context of concepts in the context of epistemological structures in the field of philosophy of religious knowledge with the conceptualization approach by adding a combined method And tries to offer a proposal to justify the propositions and the type of their relationship in the field of religious knowledge by considering the limitations of religious knowledge and exploring the valley of interactionism and the epistemological structure of coherence.After rereading the two concepts of interactionism and coherence in the philosophy of religious knowledge, it is necessary to express the corresponding concepts according to the structural considerations of the new context.Considering the nature of interactive and coherent structures and also considering the nature of religious knowledge and its requirements, the model of the desired structure can be considered as a rational, coherent, moderately interactive religious knowledge with preservation and scope of application of each.The structure of moderate rational religious knowledge, in order to strengthen justifiability and expand the foundations of the text outside of it, as well as in order to methodically monitor the coherence of the structure, constantly uses cohesive loops and interactive mechanisms. Timely response to theoretical and practical challenges and questions, uses them temporarily to rebuild the structure

Substantial dualism is one of the most important theories about the soul and the body, which became famous with Descartes' statements. By expressing this issue, Descartes distinguishes between the soul and the body, and considers one to belong to the spiritual world and the other to belong to the physical world. Because Descartes sees the soul and the body as two substances from two different worlds, he fails to solve the problem of the connection between them. , So that after a while his view is rejected as unscientific by some thinkers. Following a study of Descartes' point of view, Edward Jonathan Lowe seeks to revive the substantial dualism by making some changes to Descartes. On the one hand, he, like Descartes, distinguishes the soul from the body and believes that the soul is not the same body or a part of the body as the brain and on the other hand, he believes that the soul possesses some physical characteristics such as space and speed. Thus, by attributing some physical properties to the soul, Lowe overcomes the problem of the relationship between the soul and the body, although he faces other challenges in proving his point.

Crime repetition is among the main challenges in discussing the offender s' entry into the cycle of criminal justice. Hence, it is essential to recognize the factors contributing to the occurrence of secondary crimes and its prevention. One of the institutions involved in the secondary crimes prevention is the community-oriented police institution. The present article has dealt with the issue of secondary crime prevention in the light of community-oriented police programs.

The required incorporated information was collected using two

library and field (interviewing fifty secondary offenders on a case-by-case basis in the city of Babol) and the data were analyzed using a structured technique method and a purposeful approach.

The main cause of  committing secondary crimes is the offenders'  former status i.e. committing  primary crime and being rejected and isolated by the society due to variety of reasons: being known as an offender with bad judiciary records, comparing the nastiness of their  own offence with  those of white-collar criminals and not considering it as a nasty action, and  formation of  a deviant and criminal subculture and its being normalized that leads  to strengthening the negative self-image and turning the primary culprit into a secondary one. To that  effect ,the existence of community-oriented police in Iran's  criminal justice system and  implementing its schemes such as  Makna, Ra'ad, Fateh, Nosrat and Zafar may play an effective role in preventing the emergence of negative self-image, and urging the members of society not to blame them for committing primary crime, while  re-socializing primary offenders committed  minor crimes. However, in the successful implementation of these schemes the police face problems and shortcomings such as lack of sufficient funding and establishing workshops for the employment of primary offenders

Using analytical-descriptive method, this research seeks to answer the following questions: What is the social and institutional context of political Islam, and how did the emergence of this phenomenon in world politics affect international relations? In response to these questions, the parameters such as modernity, the nature of the political system, and the political, social and economic characteristics governing Muslim countries as well as the advent of the Islamic Revolution are viewed among the most important social and institutional roots of the rise of political Islam. Also about its effects on the international system this research emphasized the distinction between the behavior of the national governments and the subnational groups in pursuit of Islamist ideals and principles. It is argued that the more interactive approach is seen in the behavior of the Islamist national governments, and more confrontational behavior were manifested in the actions of the subnational groups. It is indicated that the Islamist demands and moves as long as they are susceptible to be pursued through the channels of the official actors of the international system tend to be more interactive. Conversely, due to incompatibility with the values and rules of the international system, the subnational groups struggle to challenge the international system that could lead to further international instability.

Language acquisition is a natural developmental process and is unique to Homo sapiens in which a child acquiring his or her mother tongue as a first language.  The simplest theory of language development is that children learn language by imitating adult language. A second possibility is that children acquire language through conditioning. Noam Chomsky put forward innateness hypothesis. Piaget argued that language is a cognitive process and that linguistic development depends on general cognitive development. Lev Vygotsky proposed that although children have innate cognitive bases for language acquisition, the actual learning begins with functions that children want to express. Finally, the connectionist theory of language development suggested that children acquire language without ever figuring out the rules or even that there are rules. Although a great deal of research has been conducted, it still is not known exactly how children are able to succeed in the remarkable feat of language acquisition. Some attempts to relate cognitive and linguistic development using the Piagetian stages have not been successful. Major advances have occurred in understanding both linguistic and cognitive development, but these advances have not been shown to have a close relationship. It is not possible with the present state of knowledge to choose definitively from the different theories. It seems logical that a combination of imitative skills, an innate language acquisition device, cognitive development, and social communication interactions contribute to language development.

Coming on victorious of Hasan Rouhani in Iran’s presidential election and emergence of the so-called moderate movement, we are encounter with the new kind of action in field of domestic politics and foreign politics. In this way, interactions, multilateralism, break the isolations and break the international defeat caused by United Nations Security Council were among the most important foreign policy priorities. This approach has led to JCPOA in the first months after coming the 11th administration, which seemed to open up the foreign relations and to achieve a successful model of collective cooperation to solve the acute problem of world polices.
Hence, this research argue that the 11th government in its logic of action is largely influenced by multilateralism strategy and so. This logic of action is based on a particular worldview inspired by the religious and value insight of the internal political environment based on characteristic Anti-Hegemonic discipline. Thus, according to this research, the 11th government foreign policy can be analyzed in the framework of a kind of “anti-hegemonic multilateralism” foreign policy

In contrast to natural science that have contain few methodological controversies, human science is dominated by unrewarding disputes among various and contrasting views; Affording rival answers by positivism and hermeneutics (as two main traditions in philosophy of social science) to the question that “to what extent can society be studied in the same way as nature?”, form the main dimension of these disputes.
Positivists believe sciences are unified in their concordance with positivist principles, while hermeneutics has posited a cleavage in method between the natural and social sciences. Number of new traditions such as Critical Realism argues for Synthesis that overcomes this controversy.
This paper attempts to explain critical realism as much as possible. So the main question to be dealt with in the present research is: could critical realism give a synthesis that brings together main aspects of positivism and hermeneutics? Here in order to give appropriate answer to this question we start this research by looking briefly at positivism and hermeneutics and then move on to outline accounts of critical realism especially its bonds with natural and social science.

This paper aims to investigate the role of relative deprivation in the formation of collective behavior among the young in Kermanshah based on Blumer’s interactionism theory. He is one of the outstanding figures concerning studies done about collective behavior in the field of sociology. He believed that collective behavior develops through five stages: social motivation, formation of connective behaviors, commitment to integrity, ideology, and operational tactics. The instrument used in the present study is a questionnaire. The population of the study includes people from 19 to 35 years old in Kermanshah. Through systematic random sampling, 400 people were chosen. The construct and face validity of the present questionnaire have been tested and the reliability is ensured through Cronbach’s Alpha. The statistical methods used in the study are Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Logistic Regression. The findings of the study show that relative deprivation is a key element in forming collective behavior among the young people. Other factors like value expectations are influential in creating relative limitation and consequentially in forming collective behavior. The results of the study show that elements like relative deprivation, value abilities, and value expectations could predict 51.74 percent of young people’s tendency for participating in collective behaviors.

Different approaches about the national role of Iran's foreign policy and its orientation is presented since now. Some used "discourse formats”. On the other hand, a kind of attitude about the processes, "orientation" and "national role" of Islamic Republic of Iran's foreign policy is presented, which compared with discourse approaches, has a different approach. In between, a new approach has been considered that on one hand emphasizes Iran's interaction-oriented foreign policy and on the other hand, considers some manifestations of resistance against strategic threats. The indicators of interaction-oriented policy against dominating regime, is considered as signs of national role of Iran's foreign policy and its orientation. In this article, it has been tried to explain the outputs of I.R. Iran's foreign policy in the form of constructivism approach and emancipation school. The main question of this paper is about the national role and foreign policy orientation in I.R Iran. The hypothesis of this paper emphasizes some manifestations of interactions with productive forces and resistance against threatening actors.

National power does have several aspects including، military، political and social. However، for many observers، the ultimate criterion for national power lies in its military aspect. And one of the important issues in the field of military power is to study and recognize its effective elements and also possibility of measuring the military power of other countries. All relevant problems and difficulties in this field are similar to those of national power measurement. Certainly one or two special variables (like number of the Army staff or number of personnel of the missile launchers of a country) can not be considered as proper criteria to evaluate military power of the countries، so does a unified variable which is not able to provide a useful evaluation about national power in general. This paper studies the fact that what elements and variable can be employed in evaluation of military power and how much they are useful in evaluation and measurement of military power of other countries.