جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مرزنشینان" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Mutual interaction and cooperation between the border guards and the border residents can be the basis for reducing the tensions between them and moving in the direction of creating stable security at the border. One of the examples of this sustainable security is the use of the capacity of the border residents to reduce the desire to smuggle goods among them and effectively prevent and deal with smuggling in the border city of Marivan. By providing security for 115 km from the border of Kurdistan Province with the Kurdistan region of Iraq, the command of Marivan border regiment plays an important role in creating convergence among the border residents and their constructive interaction in the way of preventing and combating the smuggling of goods. The current research is applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of the nature of the data and the method of implementation, it is a type of qualitative research. The statistical population of this research is the experts of different social, cultural, economic, law enforcement and border guard areas of Marivan city and the sample size is 20 people. Research findings in the intra-organizational dimension include; Improving communication skills of employees, strengthening information elites, providing accurate and timely information, informing, and in the extra-organizational dimension; Using the capacity of local mobilization, identifying and interacting with native and local elites, institutionalizing culture not to smuggling at the border, interacting with other relevant organizations, attending native-local ceremonies, informing border dwellers about rules and regulations, reducing The element of pessimism becomes mutual in relationships. The results show that the interaction and promotion of relations with the border dwellers can be a platform for effective and soft prevention of border dwellers' desire to smuggle goods, while promoting information elites on the border areas.

Extended Abstract
As a spatial-geographical phenomenon, the border is one of the important geopolitical factors in the political management of space in any country in the direction of development, stable security, and power generation. Optimal and intelligent management of border areas is directly related to economic and social development as well as sustainable security. Modern governments needed clear boundaries for their sphere of authority in a land. Borders are producers of multiple opportunities and threats, and recognizing opportunities and reducing threats based on national interests and security in border areas is the way to achieve sustainable development and create a bridge between the core of the country and border areas in order to create coherence and balance in development.
Meanwhile, the borders of the Southwest Asia region in general and the borders of Iran as a regional power with a sensitive geopolitical position, in particular, are more sensitive due to the role of the colonial powers in drawing the political geography of the region regardless of the ethno-cultural and historical perspectives. The sense of divergence in border areas is strongly affected by the presence of complex and nested borders in mental and objective dimensions. In the meantime, Iran's geography in Southwest Asia has an important strategic and geopolitical position in regional and global geopolitical equations. As mentioned above, recognizing opportunities and reducing threats based on national interests and security in border areas is the way to achieve sustainable development and create a bridge between the core of the country and border areas in order to create coherence and balance in the activities of border residents in the development of these regions.
 
The researcher designed the questionnaire in various meetings with expert professors and provided it to experts related to the subject to answer. The type of research is applied, and its method is descriptive-analytical with a mixed approach.
 
The construction of a border wall is always done with the more or less tacit approval or consent of the public opinion of the building country. It has rarely happened that the people of the country building the wall have resolutely and seriously opposed the construction of the wall and prohibited the government from doing so. Perhaps this passivity or refraining from action is due to the propaganda that the government made to justify its action or that the construction of the wall has really guaranteed the security of the country and the interests of its residents. The government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with a positive approach, believes that the construction of the Turkish wall on the border between the two countries is, to some extent, providing security, preventing illegal traffic, and controlling the smuggling of fuel, goods, and drugs in the region and the country. However, with a deeper look, we will see other problems such as a sharp decrease in economic prosperity, border dwellers' income, poverty, and socio-economic deprivation, the decline in agriculture and lack of water resources, environmental change, and destruction, expansion of rural migration to cities, increase in unemployment and theft in the region. which lead to dissatisfaction of border villagers.
 
The results of this research confirm the fact that the construction of the border blocking wall in Turkey has had a negative impact on the activities of border dwellers in economic, environmental, social and political indicators. And it has a positive effect on the security index related to their activities. Also, according to the experts' statements in this research, one of Turkey's goals for building a border wall is to convince European countries to join the European Union. And in order to achieve this goal, preventing the illegal passage of nationals of different countries through the territory of Iran, fighting and suppressing terrorists brings this country closer to its goal. In this situation, where Turkey is trying to satisfy the European countries and even America, maintaining relations with Turkey and strengthening relations are among the most important options for Iran, because the most important bridge between Iran and European countries is Turkey. If Iran opposes the construction of the wall, this will help media attacks that Iran cooperates with opposition groups and terrorists, and will ultimately lead to Iran phobia.
 
Funding
There is no funding support.
 
Authors’ Contribution
Authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none.
 
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
 
Acknowledgments
 We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

The purpose of this study is to; Study the Economic Role of Mirjaveh Border Corridors on Sustainable Urban Development Dimensions.This research is descriptive-analytic in terms of method and nature, and in terms of purpose it is an applied research.SPSS software was used to analyze the data.The statistical population of the present study is the households living in Mirjaveh city, and the sample size was determined using Cochran's formula 324 people.Investigating the four dimensions of sustainable urban development(economic, social, physical and environmental)separately in relation to the economic role of Mirjaveh border corridor is one of the innovations of this research. The results of chi square test showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the economic and social development of Mirjaveh city and the economic role of the border corridor.The results of the multiple regression test showed that the economy of the border corridor significantly predicts physical development.The results of the one-sample T-test indicate the low economic role of the border corridor in the environmental development of Mirjaveh city.Finally, in order to investigate the significant difference between the economic role of the border corridor in terms of development, the statistical process of analysis of variance was used with the help of the general linear model, The results showed that the economic role of border corridors in the social and environmental dimension has a significant difference.The general conclusion of the research shows the impact of the economic role of Mirjaveh border corridor on the dimensions of development(economic, social and physical).

 Border markets are established in border areas, particularly in deprived regions, with various objectives. The establishment of these markets has different effects on the development of economic subsectors, including the agricultural sector, in these border areas. One of the most important western markets in the country is Parvizkhan border market located in Qasr-e Shirin County, Kermanshah Province. This research aims to investigate the effects of this market on the agricultural sector of Qasr-e Shirin County. The research is applied in terms of purpose, field-based in terms of the level of control variables, and descriptive research in terms of data collection method. It is also considered as evaluative research.

 The statistical population of this research includes experts and officials associated with Parvizkhan border market and the Agricultural Jihad Organization of Qasr-e Shirin County, from whom the necessary information was collected through a questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed using content validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS26 software.

 The coefficient of variation using the mean and standard deviation was calculated, and the items of each of the seven sections of Parvizkhan border market effects were prioritized.

 The results of the research showed that among the seven examined components, the market had the most significant impact on the development of the region's agricultural sector. After that, the components of social development of human resources in agriculture, development, and improvement of laws and institutions related to the agricultural sector, improvement of the quantity and quality of agricultural production and supply, improvement of the water and soil conditions in the region, investment development in the agricultural sector, and development of infrastructure related to the agricultural sector were ranked in subsequent levels of influence.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of the subjective dimensions of the sense of security in the social participation of border residents of Kurdistan province in the formal and informal dimensions, the research method is quantitative, cross-sectional in terms of time, and practical in terms of purpose, which is using the survey method. And the questionnaire tool was done. The statistical population of all residents of the villages of Saqez (58092), Baneh (43365), Marivan (84074) and Sarovabad (36643) in Kurdistan province, which in 1402-1401 according to the census of 1395, the rural population of this province was a total of 222174 people. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula of 384 people. Sampling was done by classification method and the number of samples was distributed based on population share in each village and questionnaires were randomly distributed among them and data analysis was used with SPSS software. The findings of the research showed that the contribution of each of the subjective dimensions of the feeling of social security on the social participation of the border dwellers according to the order of effect includes: social trust (0.487), religious adherence (0.417), feeling of peace (0.371), awareness It is from individual rights (0.020). The results of the research showed that the independent variables are able to explain the changes in the social participation variable, therefore, the social trust component is the highest and the awareness of individual rights is the lowest, the feeling of social security among the residents of the villages of the border areas of Kurdistan province has an impact on the social participation of individuals.

Using the capacity of cultural capital is one of the important strategies in order to achieve organizational goals. The most important goal of forming a police command is to establish order and security and provide individual and public comfort in the country, which lies in the concept of public security. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically study the role of the cultural capital of the police in order to achieve its main goal, which is to provide the public security of the society.

This research was done with descriptive survey method. Its statistical population is the border residents of Ilam province over 18 years of age, 375 of whom were surveyed by simple random sampling. The information was obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire and the hypotheses were checked with a simple linear regression test.

The general security of the border residents is influenced by the cultural capital of the police with coefficient of 0.348. The physical, individual and organizational dimensions of cultural capital with the coefficients of 0.304, 0.284 and 0.244 have an impact on public security, respectively. The physical, individual and organizational dimensions have the greatest impact respectively.

Considering the impact of the cultural capital of the police on ensuring the public security of the border residents, the police organization should formulate and implement specific policies and programs to develop and increase the cultural capital of the police, focus its priorities on all aspects of the cultural capital and use this capacity to increase public security and use it to improve its performance in carrying out the main mission.

The purpose of this study is the cultural components of border residents and its role in the development and sustainable security of Kermanshah border areas. The present study was conducted by a combined method consisting of two parts, quantitative and qualitative. The statistical population in the qualitative section included experts and specialists aware of the subject of research. The sampling method in the qualitative section was purposefully snowball, which reached a theoretical consensus with 30 elites and experts. A small part of the statistical population included citizens of border areas of Kermanshah province. The number of these people was 540 according to initial estimates. Data collection tools; Semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. In a small part of the study, SPSS software was used. The results show that sustainable border security from the respondents' point of view has 19 semantic units in six common categories: "economic security", "social security", "political security", "environmental security", "military security" and "cultural security". Were located. On the other hand, the cultural dimensions of the frontiersmen included six dimensions of "participation and cooperation", "cultural cohesion", "two-way interaction", "insight and awareness", "ideology" and "zeal and chivalry". Correlation matrices between cultural categories and sustainable border security show that there is a significant and direct relationship between each of the components of this matrix. It can be said that the two categories of the core of sustainable border security and the six cultural components of border guards are in a dialectical relationship; In a way that in the bilateral interaction of these components, social order is formed at the borders and the border residents witness a kind of lasting security.

In the shadow of the serious fight against terrorism, the need to protect the rights of the victims of border terrorist crimes, who can be interpreted as "defenceless soldiers", it is undeniable that the "type and vulnerability" of the victims of terrorism is related to the "targets of terrorists". In the process of crime detection, it is very important for the police authorities and border guard units in the peripheral areas of the border strip, where the possibility of terrorists fleeing to the other side of the border is considered fast. The purpose of calculating the legal standards related to human dignity and reducing the damages caused to the victims of borderline terrorism in the legal system of the studied countries is to "standardize the rights of this group of borderline residents as part of the citizens in Iran's legal system" in the process of dealing with terrorism.

The current research is based on the nature of the "theoretical foundation" topic; In terms of the "applied" purpose and the method of doing it, it is "descriptive-analytical" and the desired data is collected by documentary method. In this regard, to extract the required data with the method of phishing from internal and external sources; The desired data have been categorized in line with the objectives of the research and have been analyzed with an interpretative approach.

the highest frequency of victimization among border victims; caused by frequent terrorist attacks; Due to the easy access and geographical exposure of such victims in their transit route.

codified and legal establishment of the rights of this category of citizens; It requires the enumeration of examples of their legal gaps in the leading systems in dealing with terrorism and finally the legislative and executive standardization in Iran's legal system to reduce the amount of victimization of border residents.

During the history of Iran, the Russians have aggressively entered the territory of Azerbaijan, Iran four times, and the subject of this research is the fourth time the Russians entered. The subject of this research is specifically the third day of Shahrivar 1320, in which the theoretical framework of Georges Blandier with the concept of sacred political power was used. The identification of these special people from among the people living on the border of Azerbaijan from Bileh-Swar Mughan of Ardabil province to the border of Jolfai city of East Azerbaijan province and the collection of interviews started from 1387 and continued until 1398. The result of this anthropological research, in addition to the brief introduction of some border towns and villages of Azerbaijan and the social role of their people in the days of resistance, as well as the introduction and recognition of 102 people who died and sacrificed their lives for the sake of the homeland and the national and Islamic values ​​of Iran, but also to study and recognize as well as record It shows the spirit of patriotism and bravery of the border residents of Azerbaijan in defense of the territorial integrity of Iran.

Border police, as one of successive institutions and organizations in establishing border security, has aspecial role and mission in establishing security in border areas for border areas. One of the goals of governments today, is to use new interactive methods to ensure and increase border security. But today, according to new approaches, the provision of these matters is not necessarily the responsibility of the border-guards, but also the role of the border people in ensuring their security as citizens, is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to analyze and identify the interaction between border residents and border-guards of Kurdistan province in the two border cities of Baneh and Marivan in Kurdistan province. To achieve this goal, qualitative approach and methods of documentary-library research and Van Manen's multi-stage descriptive phenomenology were used. The research data were collected through semi-structured and open interviews with 14 border residents in Baneh and Marivan who had experiences and lived interaction in this field. The sample was purposefully selected for the interview. The research findings were extracted and categorized into three central themes as empathy, correlation, divergence, and 27 categories. The results study indicate mental images of border people of border forces can be basis for formation of their interactions and social relations.this mentality recognized under the mentioned categories and the belief and practice of it by the border forces, while deepening the relations, change the mentality and attitude of the parties to each other and become prominent in establishing security at borders..

The aim of this study is to assess the media literacy status of cross-border citizens of West Azerbaijan province in terms of the status of their media literacy, and their ability to receive, evaluate, influence, and analyze media messages (as one of the influential factors)

This is an applied study in terms of purpose that was conducted using a descriptive-survey method. The research statistical population included all border residents of West Azerbaijan province, from whom 384 people were selected as the sample size using Cochran's formula and multi-stage cluster sampling and then simple random sampling. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the index UNESCO World Literacy Media and localized scientific texts which were presented to 10 experts. Given that the minimum value required to achieve content validity based on the opinions of 10 experts is 0/62 according to the CVR index and 0/79 according to the CVI index, all items with a value lower than 0/62 and 0/79 were omitted from the questionnaire. The research data were processed using SPSS software version 26.

The level of media literacy of men was higher than that of women. In the married and single groups, the difference between the two groups is not significant. The level of media literacy of people living in the city was higher than that of villagers. As citizens’ monthly incomes increased, their level of media literacy increased.

The results showed that the status of media literacy of the cross-border citizens of West Azerbaijan province is at a weak level. Considering the results of this research, public libraries can provide library services and training courses required to improve the level of media literacy of the cross-border citizens of West Azerbaijan province.

Undoubtedly, the prevention of citizens' crimes is one of the many concerns and concerns of law enforcement officials. Therefore, the issue of crime prevention is always considered in the criminal policy of many societies, including the Islamic Republic of Iran. This sensitivity is due to the fact that an unfavorable lifestyle is one of the most effective factors in committing crime in society. Therefore, the present study investigates the relationship between borderline lifestyle and crime committed by citizens in border areas. 

Research Method:

In terms of purpose, the present study is an application that was conducted by field method using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population includes all citizens of Baneh. 432 people were selected as the sample size through the Cochran's formula in a multi-stage cluster method. The validity of the research was calculated by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software.

The obtained data indicate that the value (sig = 0.00, F = 104.204) for lifestyle at a significant level of 0.00, because it is less than 0.05, so it is significant with 95% probability. Therefore, while confirming all the hypotheses, the findings show that the borderline lifestyle has a direct effect on reducing or increasing the crime of citizens of border areas.

The relatively high rate of crime depends on independent variables. Therefore, there is a direct and significant relationship between borderline lifestyle and border crime.

The present study seeks to investigate the factors affecting the tendency of some residents of Bushehr province to smuggle goods. In this regard, the impact of seven factors including economic, social, geographical, legal, structural, political and cultural factors on tendency to smuggle goods was investigated. Research

The statistical population of this applied-survey study is Marine Command staff and coastal residents of Bushehr province. Statistical sample was determined using Cochran formula and finally 110 marine and 650 coastline residents were surveyed. Amos22 and Spss22 software were used to analyze the research data.

The research hypotheses show that there are significant relationships between seven factors including economic factors (0.91), cultural factors (0.69), structural factors (0.86), Legal factors (impact factor of 0.81), social factors (effect factor of 0.88), political factors (effect factor of 0.83) and geographical factors (effect factor of 0.79) tend to be trafficked and these variables have different effects. On the desire and attempt to smuggle goods.

The findings of the study show that economic factors have the greatest impact on commodity trafficking, so that both economic and policy standards need to be strengthened in the economic factors sector. Monetary and financial policies as well as market-based structures are being scrutinized, and economic incentives to smuggle goods also disappear. At the end of the day, a policy solution to reduce smuggling was presented. Send feedback History Saved Community

Social trust as one of the important aspects of human and social relations and an essential factor for the continuation of communal life in the modern world is risky. Risks arising from changes in today's world According to this concept is serious. Therefore The aim of this study is an analysis of social trust in the border city of Marivan. The research method Of a kind Survey. And to collect the required data from questionnaires Combined with in-person interview is used. The statistical population of people 20 years and older Marivan. in this study Cochran's formula for determining the sample size used is the sample of 300 persons selected by simple random sampling method. Finally, the analysis of one-sample T test was used. The results show that interpersonal trust The highest average The option "Family members Trust related. The level of 4/57 And the lowest mean by 2/87 The option "Trust in neighbors" is dedicated. The total average interpersonal trust 64/3, which is almost at a high level. The results related to Generalized trust Shows very little difference in options The highest average 2/30 to option "people of integrity" And the lowest mean of 2/12 on the option "one of frontend and backend related. trust in political actors shows That mean the most in options are close to the total average of Generalized trust and trust in political actors, respectively, 20/2 and 13/2, which is lower than Moderate. Also significance level calculated component is also Is equal to 0.000. Finally, the overall situation of social trust In the border city of Marivan, with an average of 2/66 is lower than Moderate.

Different geographic environments, offer different potentials and problems in different fields especially in livelihood activities of their residents, attention to which gains a lot of importance in local and environmental programming. Thus identification and analysis of rural potentials and problems is an important step in the process of planning a sustainable rural development. Thus, in an explanatory and analytical approach. This study aims to assess the livelihood problems for villagers living in of Sardasht township based on its findings. This research was conducted based on documents and library as well as interpretations and field survey with a descriptive approach. The statistical population consists 5722 people from the top 50 households of 8 villages of Sardasht township 386 of which were selected the Morgan tables as a statistical sample by simple random sampling and its data was analyzed by SPSS software. Results show that, supply factors imposed the livelihoods in this villages were affected by environmental conditions including gardening and non-agricultural activities, being in a boundary region has also caused smuggling activities. Also results generally show that significant relationship exists between geographic factors such as land slope, access to educational level, distance from boundary area and different earning source of rural livelihoods all of which generated specific livelihood pattern for the villages in the region. Areas of the border also cause direct and indirect employment (freight transportation and passenger operations, loading, etc) that share a border of more than direct employment of indirect employment.