جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "معیشت" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Floods are one of the natural hazards that in some cases lead to destructive phenomena and leave terrible social, economic and health effects. Meanwhile, rural communities are more vulnerable to climate change due to their livelihoods. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the livelihood vulnerability of farmers to floods in Lorestan province. The statistical population of this research includes all heads of flooded rural households in the three counties of Khorramabad, Chegani and Pol-e Dokhtar of Lorestan province, which according to the reports of the Agricultural Jihad of Lorestan province, their number was considered to be 6755. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size of 308 households was determined. Probability sampling with a systematic random method was used to select the samples. In this research, the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) was used to calculate the livelihood vulnerability of rural households to floods. The results showed that the flood-affected farmers in the villages of Pol-e Dokhtar county have higher livelihood vulnerability compared to Chegani and Khorramabad counties. In Pol-e Dokhtar county, indicators of livelihood strategy, social networks, knowledge-information, and health showed a higher value than the other two cities; This means that Poldekhter city has a higher vulnerability in these indicators. According to the results obtained from this research, solutions have been presented to manage flood risk and crisis in rural communities.

An area of 632,112 square meters is reserved for residential use, which is equivalent to % 50.16 of the entire area of the city. According to the population of 1395, which is estimated at 7,465 people, it is 84 square meters per person, which is 34 square meters more than the maximum per person approved for cities with less than 20,000 people (which is equal to 60 square meters). The usable residential area of 195,912 square meters is more than the desired area and indicates that there is no deficit of housing in Kalvanaq. With the forecast of 8718 people for the 1408 year, the number of residential units needed in the current situation for the city of Kalvanaq is equal to 409 units. Considering that there are about 29 hectares of cacant and small-scale land within the confine city, of which% 60 of this use will be allocated to housing in the proposed plan, the deficit of housing in the city of Kalvanaq will be solved publicly; But the lack of legal transparency and the existence of various clauses and notes about the change of land use, has caused the development of the city to take place more by destroying agricultural lands. The research is applied in terms of type and in terms of essence and method combined, using the facilities that existed in the FUZZY function of IDRISI Kilimanjaro, it was used to standardize maps, which aims to protect agricultural lands. and a garden has been done outside the confine city. The results show the capabilities of the Gis system in using prominent elements and indicators of the country in zoning the susceptible (arid) areas of the confine city for future urban expansion so as to cause the least damage to agricultural and garden lands.

Economic education is one of the most important areas of Islamic education. Economic education is the education and training of children based on Islamic teachings in the field of economy and livelihood so that the identity and perception of children about themselves is based on the Islamic rules of economy. One of the most important duties of parents is to educate and teach vital skills to their children. Economics is a skill that can be learned. The formation of correct business and economic beliefs in children, as well as skills in controlling and keeping money, is a product of the learning process. This article aims to answer the following questions:  Do parents have a religious duty regarding the economic education of their children? Or is it the responsibility of the children themselves to be educated in the field of economy and livelihood (that is, to be thrifty and have skills in controlling and keeping money, which means accumulating wealth)? This research, which benefits from analytical - inferential method based on Quran and Hadith, proves that parents have a religious duty regarding the economic upbringing of their children.

The newspaper “Yomiya Sobh Sadegh” was published by the franchise owner "Mortaza Qolikhan Moyed Al-Mamalek Fakhri" After the issuance of the constitutional decree and during the first assembly of the National Council. Due to his opposition to the tyranny of Mohammad Ali Shah, he started publishing the newspaper Youmiya Sobh Sadiq and abdicate ruling Mazandaran and Iraq Ajam. The following research aims to the economic situation and general livelihood of Iran in 1325 AH by content analysis of this newspaper. The newspaper has dealt in detail with the problems and common economic conditions in 1325 AH. By analyzing the content of Yomiyeh Sobh newspaper. It is possible to get a correct understanding of the living conditions and economic problems of the Iranian people at that time. In this newspaper, there are accurate and first-hand news about the negotiations and approvals of the first National Assembly, the price of public goods and services, and other economic indicators. The main question of the current research is what was the state of the economy and general livelihood of Iran in 1325 A.H., based on the data of Sobh Sadegh newspaper? The main claim is that the content analysis of this newspaper can lead to providing first-hand information about the Iran's economic situation at this important historical moment. By reviewing this newspaper, we can find the inflation of some goods, the problems of employee situations, and the failure of the plan to establish the National Bank and we get a great picture consistent with the problems of that era and it becomes clear that the economic situation was chaotic and people were suffering from many livelihood problems to the extent that the price of some basic goods increased. According to the nature of the subject, this research is in the field of theoretical fundamental research, and the method in this research is descriptive-analytical, and content analysis techniques have been used in the classification of topics and frequency of words. The method of data collection is library.

To do this, we conducted grounded theory and in-depth semi-structured interviews. Also, we used purposive sampling to recruit 15 male and female adults who lived in Tehran. Then, we read the data and coded significant statements and 12 main categories and the core category of ‘erosion of health and livelihood in the crisis and failure of change management’. The results showed that the corona epidemic has affected the quality of people's livelihood and health system, and has had consequences such as physical and mental damage and employment vulnerability. In addition, casual and contextual conditions such as intra-occupational mechanisms, awareness of prevention methods, disease experience, individual's assessment of the government's performance, and the level of social support have been effective in facing these consequences.

Economic crises and problems in the Qajar era have always threatened the people's lives. The high price of bread was one of the most important and vital economic problems of the people in this period. Historical sources at the end of the Naseri era and during the Mozaffari era report the scarcity and high cost of bread in Tabriz and, as a result, public protests in this city. Riots and public protests about the lack of bread were often accompanied by a serious presence of women. In Tabriz during the Mozaffari era, the presence of women in the bread crisis protests was very evident. Women's victories in the bread riots, which sometimes caused the retreat of the rulers and the change of some government officials in the states, gave women the confidence to participate in other social demands. These collective protests became a model for the subsequent struggles of Tabriz women with the Qajar government in the events of the constitutional period. This research, with a descriptive-analytical approach and citing library sources, aims to deal with the role and efforts of Tabriz women in the protests against the bread crisis in the Mozaffari era and examine some of the results and effects of their struggles in this field.

Familiarity with Quranic culture in the field of livelihood and adapting attitudes, behaviors and ethics to it is necessary and practical. The present article is a theoretical research that seeks to discover the culture of livelihood instruments from the verses of the Qur'an through exploratory analytical methods in order to achieve the desired acquisition and consumption of the Qur'an. Therefore, first the principles and type of attitude of the Qur'an to the subject of livelihood, including belief in God's sustenance and trust in divine promises, heresy and abandonment of worldliness, correct attitude to property and acceptance of the tradition of affliction are examined and then the moral behavioral implications in The culture of livelihood is studied from the perspective of the Qur'an, each of which in some way expresses the correct culture of livelihood. Prioritizing these factors and finding the structure of livelihood components according to the weight of the relevant Quranic verses is one of the achievements of this article.

Livelihood and income-generating activities, in general, are important bio-human issues. Undoubtedly, the experience of gaining income in relation to different classes, guilds, and social groups is very different from their place in society. Clergies are one of the groups whose living conditions have long been considered by the public in comparison with other social groups; because on the one hand, the clergy is known as a preacher of religion and is expected to be satisfied with what he has and to live like the majority of society, even below them. On the other hand, living conditions and the economic situation prevailing in Iranian society, have involved clergies and their families in various difficult economic issues. However, these two tendencies have led to moral conflicts between the living conditions of clergies and their religious-organizational duties towards society. With this in mind, the purpose of this study is to answer the question of what is the moral conflict between their professional duties and daily livelihood according to clergies' statements. The approach applied in this research is qualitative, and the thematic analysis method has been used to analyze the data. In this regard, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 employed and non-employed married clergies, who were selected by purposive sampling. Thematic analysis showed that “work conscience and manly moral responsibility’, “personal motivation to become a clergy and economic motivation for progress” and “personal dignity and professional honor” are the cases that are in conflict.

Scholars of the history of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution have studied the economic Causes of that Revolution and emphasized the inefficient role of Macroeconomic Structure, Corruption, budget deficit, lack of economic infrastructure, foreign debt, and the negative consequences of iran’s orbiting capitalist economic relations. The present article, while confirming the role of the mentioned factors in creating the beginning of the Constitutional Movement in iran, has considered the economic Causes of the Constitutional Revolution from the perspective of the role of Livelihood factors and examines this issue by emphasizing the basic question that: has the living conditions of iran, in the decade leading up to the Constitutional Revolution, influenced the beginning of thr Iranian Constitutional Movement? The hypothesis of the present Study is that the damages caused by irans political economy in the decade leading up to the Constitutional Revolution were significantly reflected in the living conditions of the people and this caused a crisis in livelihood and consequently general dissatisfaction and revolt and with the unresponsiveness and ineffectiveness of dissatisfaction and revolts, the way has been paved for the Constitutional Revolution. The findings of the study show that The livelihood crisis provided the basis for the formation of livelihood riots and subsequent political demands in the Constitutional Revolution.  The method of the present study is historical with adescriptive – analytical approach. The aim of this study is to explain the relationship between economic variables and the revolutionary movement of Iranian Constitutionalism.

The environment and society have always affected each other, the natural environment affects on the lifestyle of people, especially villagers. Humans have also been able to overcome some natural aspects in some cases. Construction and operation of dams is one of the methods of human domination and manipulation in the natural environment. This research was conducted in Shahrasar village of Taleghan and has dealt with livelihood changes in this village after the construction of Taleghan Dam. In this research, the main approach is descriptive-analytical in field research, semi-structured interview technique has been used. The library method has also been used to complete the data Shahrasar village has undergone various economic and livelihood changes due to its proximity to Taleghan Dam. Based on the results of this study, it can be stated that the consequences of livelihood are demographic changes, land use changes and increasing land prices and reducing the number of livestock compared to the past. And animal husbandry is not as common among the inhabitants as in the past. Therefore, it is suggested to conduct comprehensive studies on economic and livelihood issues in the region before creating any structure such as a dam.

Housing is the most important component of the physical fabric of the village, over time and in harmony with social and economic changes has been associated with functional change. These changes are not in line with the rural economy and have led to socio-economic incompatibilities and the livelihood function of rural housing. In the present study, the components of livelihood-based housing and socio-economic factors affecting livelihood-based housing developments have been analyzed. The type of research is applied and its nature is descriptive-analytical. The data collection method was library and field (observation and questionnaire, interview), the data analysis method was descriptive and inferential (one-sample t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, correlation coefficient test and structural equations). The statistical population of the study includes households in the village of Miracles in Zanjan province. Using Cochran's formula, 273 families in 5 villages were selected as a sample. Rural sampling was simple to select households at random, and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the indices, the values ​​of which were 0.70%. Findings show that, based on one-sample t-test, rural livelihood-oriented housing in the dimensions of livelihood-production, logistics, biological, socio-cultural is estimated below the numerical average. Also, the findings of structural equations show that there is a relationship between economic factors and livelihood-based housing with a regression value of 0.715. Rural livelihood-based housing in the dimensions of livelihood-production, darkat, biological, socio-cultural, respectively, indicates the low level of housing model in the form of livelihood. The results of socio-economic factors in housing developments showed four dimensions of income, employment, assets, Housing costs are at a disadvantage. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that as the socio-economic indicators improve, so does the tendency to build livelihood-based housing.

Today, poverty is considered from the most important problems in a country. This study dynamically models the poverty and deprivation alleviation in community livelihoods, with emphasis on armed forces retirees. The modeling of this study was performed using system dynamics, which is a computer simulation modeling technique. In this study, firstly, effective and impressive factors on poverty were identified and then analyzed by combining retirement empowerment policies. The results of the study on performing political scenarios and retiring decisions, such as the adoption of support services decisions, self-employment facilities, interest-free loans, sport services, consuming and educational services, show that the behaviors of the model variables tend to be in the direction of alleviating deprivation and poverty in society. In this regard, correct decision-making for retirees will improve empowerment, promote research and development, reduce demand for merchandise, increase entrepreneurship, improve wages and income, and further, reduce poverty. All analyzes are performed by Vensim software, which is the most comprehensive simulation software to improve the performance of actual systems.

In this study, the main factor to improve livelihood is supposed to be good governance and social capital and empowerment as are assumed as representatives of two socio-cultural approaches and development factors and knowledge management as a moderating variable that can improve governance and livelihood.

The research method of this study is analytical-descriptive correlational. The statistical population of the study is all retirees of the Armed Forces of Tehran. The number of samples was 384 and the information was obtained from simple stratified sampling. Then, using the structural equation method, the relationships between variables are examined. To collect the necessary data, a questionnaire was used. Convergence validity method was used to assess validity and Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine reliability. According to the alpha level of good organizational governance (0.894), social capital (0.816), empowerment (0.797), knowledge management (0.831) and lack of livelihood (0.747), the questionnaire has appropriate reliability.

The findings show that there is a significant relationship between social capital and empowerment with good governance. There is also a significant relationship between good governance and livelihood improvement but knowledge management has not been able to moderate this relationship.

Increasing social capital and civic participation among employees along with empowering human resources, by providing opportunities and opportunities for prosperity, strengthens good governance and further improves the living conditions.

Background and Purpose:

The main problem of this research is designing a suitable model for promoting job satisfaction of border police employees in the eastern part of the country?

 Research Methodology:

 The present research method is a combination of qualitative method using basic data technique and quantitative with survey technique. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative section consisted of three groups: "commanders", "senior officers" and "partial officers" in the three eastern provinces of the country. The statistical population size of 50 people was selected by targeted method with the highest diversity of samples until theoretical saturation. In a small section, 100 people were selected by appropriate stratified sampling method. The method of data collection in both quantitative and qualitative sections, in the field and its tools, had been semi-structured in-depth interviews and in the quantitative section of the researcher-made questionnaire. The analysis method in the qualitative method is the method of data analysis of the foundation and in the quantitative part, the fit of the model.

 Findings and conclusions:
 The findings showed that the indicators of the above model in the three groups are: the first group: taking education more seriously at the university, taking care of the welfare of employees, strict and correct implementation of laws and regulations, and livelihoods . The second group: welfare and comfort of families, vacations, living conditions, transfers, placing the job of border police among hard jobs, and the selection and appointment of commanders. Group 3: Almost like the second group, trying to eliminate “fatigue, monotony, boredom, boredom, everyday life, feeling useless at work.

The major goal of this project was to explain the mechanism of providing economic security according to Quran and narrations. With this regard the associations of security with higher financial status and contributing factors to providing economic security have been argued throughout this research. The results indicate that – long back in the history- the complex concept of economic security and its mechanism was meticulously mentioned throughout the narrations and Quran. According to the research results not only it is possible to provide economic security via adapting such a practical guidance, but also the justice centered development and progression can be promoted around the Islamic human society under the dominance of monotheistic system.

In recent years, economic problems have increased in many parts of Iran, and one of the most important problems in many families is the way one should confront financial problems. The present study aims at designing the model for confronting economic problems in Islamic lifestyle. To do so, the key words of subsistence, aliment, and poverty in the Quran and the hadith books of Kafi, Bihar al-Anwar and Wasa’il al-Shi’a as well as the articles related to the key words of ‘sustenance’, ‘economic and financial problems’, and ‘Islamic’ were searched in the websites of Google Scholar, noormags.ir, and SID, and the parameters of the model for confronting economic problems were gathered and classified. This went on until the saturation of information. The findings of the research showed that the parameters of the model for confronting the financial problems in the Islamic lifestyle include enjoying the factors of increasing one’s sustenance, avoiding the factors of decreasing one’s sustenance, applying the spiritual problem-centered approach and the spiritual emotion-centered approach. The achievements of this study provide a proper context for designing a questionnaire for evaluating the styles of confronting economic problems with an Islamic approach. Besides, it facilitates designing and presenting educational packs for deepening the confrontation with economic problems based on Islamic lifestyle.

From a public welfare perspective, public policy is the concept of studying and reviewing the social and welfare services of the state. These services are non-political and mainly include housing, social security, social work, and education.
The main goal of social policy is to reduce inequality and improve human well-being, including health, nutrition, employment, and other public services. With this definition, the present paper addresses the impact of public policy in terms of general welfare on the social policies of the Iranian government, with emphasis on the presidency of Hassan Rouhani.
This research is applied research whose task is not scientific discovery and its main objective is to test and investigate the possibility of using existing knowledge in order to be able to solve specific policy issues from the perspective of general welfare and to assist agents to carry out their duties.
The results of this study, which were conducted using the Delphi method, show that Kendall's agreement coefficient is higher than 0.4 and considering the lower level of significance level from 0.05, it can be said that Kendall's consensus coefficient is significant and At 95% confidence level, the consensus among experts has existed. The closer the Kendall agreement is to one closer, the more consensus among the experts will be.