جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "کارآفرینی" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Higher education system is very important in any society. Today, university, entrepreneurship, industry and business are no longer separate from each other. Therefore, considering the importance of entrepreneurship in the economic and social development of societies and as an important social capital, the active and effective interaction of universities and entrepreneurship can make a significant contribution to national development. Currently, transformative technologies play a new and important role in the entrepreneurial university and university entrepreneurship. The aim of this research is to answer the question of how transformative technologies affect university entrepreneurship.

Thirteen domestic articles and books and three foreign articles related to the role of transformative technologies on the entrepreneurship of the country's higher education system were identified and studied, reviewed and analyzed using the qualitative method of content analysis.

According to the findings of this research, transformative technologies and their effective use in classrooms and the university environment become the basis for the development of entrepreneurship and an entrepreneurial university in the real sense, and also the researchers of the challenges and requirements of the use of transformative technologies, the factors affecting the relationship between transformative technologies and entrepreneurship in the higher education system. The country and also studied and investigated the positive and negative effects and how transformative technologies affect entrepreneurship.

Today, the need to deal with transformative technologies and its proper management, in order to create new and effective tools and methods to improve the quality of the country's universities, as well as to provide new and innovative solutions in different dimensions, especially in the entrepreneurship dimension, is felt more and more. Entrepreneurship and transformative technologies are both the source of innovation and the creation of a desire to innovate in society, and their effective communication can promise better days in the university, society and business.

The purpose of the current research is to present an entrepreneurial marketing model based on teamwork with an emphasis on start-up companies. The research method is applicable according to its purpose, and qualitative in terms of its implementation. The statistical population consists of 15 experts who are academic professors in the field of marketing management, and managers in the marketing and sales industry, who were selected by targeted non-probability sampling. Thematic analysis method and MAXQDA software were used for data analysis, and MICMAC software was used for effective and effected between variables. The results showed that 5 comprehensive themes and 13 organized themes and 87 basic codes were identified and extracted from the theme analysis method, and then using interpretative structural modeling, the identified indicators were leveled; and the results showed that the fourth level includes marketing strategy (C04) is the most effective one that acts as the cornerstone of the model and directly affects the third level criteria (content and marketing tools (C03), and marketing performance evaluation (C02)). The first level includes the development of teamwork (C04) as the most effective level. The dimensions of the second level (networking and marketing public relations (C01)) act as interfaces.

Studding the entrepreneurship literature shows that the Economic performance and the extent of entrepreneurial activities depend on the quality and different levels of institutions, and in addition, the mechanism of institutions' influence on entrepreneurial activities in developed and developing countries differs. The purpose of this research is to understand the difference in the type of influence of micro and macro institutions on entrepreneurial activities in developed and developing countries. For this purpose, while using the dynamic panel data, the good governance index and the business environment index used as macro and micro institutional factors, respectively. The results showed that the good governance significantly increase the level of entrepreneurial activities in both developing and developed countries. Contrary to expectations, micro-institutional factors do not increase the level of entrepreneurial activities in the studied developing and developed countries. The degree of economic freedom has a small effect on entrepreneurial activities in developed countries, while it strengthens entrepreneurship in developing countries. Government expenditure has a positive impact  on the level of entrepreneurial activities in developing countries, but it is ineffective in developed countries. Economic growth in both groups of countries has positive impact on the level of entrepreneurial activities. The impact of liquidity on the entrepreneurial activities of developing and developed countries is negative and positive, respectively.

The ecosystem of digital entrepreneurship in educational organizations has recently emerged as a common concept in entrepreneurship policy and educational organizations. The present study was conducted to design and validate the model of digital entrepreneurship ecologists in educational organizations. The research method is mixed exploration (qualitative-quantitative) which in the qualitative part is the method of data theory and in the quantitative part is a survey. The participants of the quality department are 15 faculty members of entrepreneurship universities, specialists and experts familiar with digital entrepreneurship in educational organizations who have been selected using purposive sampling method from a consecutive category. Entrepreneurship specialists and university professors related to the field of entrepreneurship were selected by 135 people by stratified random sampling method. The method of analysis of interview data is selected in the qualitative part, open coding, axial and selective and in the quantitative part of structural equations. Findings of the research in the qualitative section include 483 open codes, 42 secondary codes and 15 categories that were obtained in 6 main axes (axial, causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening factors, strategies and consequences). The results of the quantitative section showed that the proposed model has a good fit. According to the results, this model can be used in educational organizations and by recognizing it, the main effects on the role, responsibility and activities of educational organizations in the present era can be done and managers of educational organizations pay attention to the importance of this research. Adequate and effective.

Continuous advances in digital technology and digitization of business models have changed the entrepreneurial landscape and redefined the goals and requirements of entrepreneurship education to match the new digital reality in entrepreneurship. In order to gain a detailed understanding of the hybrid concept of digital entrepreneurship and its role in the evolution of the innovation system, the purpose of this research was to determine the indicators and markers of digital entrepreneurship in higher education.

The research approach was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The qualitative phase was a systematic review of up-to-date articles in the field of digital entrepreneurship, and finally 53 articles were selected and analyzed using the open and axial coding method of Strauss and Corbin (1997). The quantitative phase was also conducted using a survey questionnaire compiled from the results of the quantitative section, the respondents of which were faculty members familiar with entrepreneurship topics and experts in the field of digital entrepreneurship, and 372 out of 385 people were selected. Quantitative sections were evaluated.

The results of the research extracted a conceptual framework in the four main axes, teaching and learning, success factors and barriers, behavioral approach and suitable ecosystems for digital entrepreneurship in higher education. In the field of education and learning sub-categories "mastery of information and communication technology in business (5 markers); Learning approaches (5 markers) and digital learning environments (2 markers)"; Factors and barriers to success with subcategories: enablers (3 markers) and obstacles (2 markers); behavioral approach domain with subcategories: personality (4 markers), motivational factors (5 markers), ecosystem dimension domain with subcategories : Digital entrepreneurship ecosystems (3 markers), teams and networking (33 markers) and human capital (3 markers) were formed.

Discussion and analysis: 

The results presented in this article suggest the use of a scientific approach in order to understand how the specific dimensions of the entrepreneurship system in higher education are interrelated. In an effort to gain deeper knowledge of digital entrepreneurship in higher education as part of the innovation system, a comparative study approach may be useful not only within specific geographic boundaries but also internationally. Also, the results showed that beyond From the organizational context to create an entrepreneurship ecosystem in the university, the implications of appropriate policies regarding the creation of a supportive ecosystem are very important.

The necessity of crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship and its components have been discussed in many studies such. However, despite the importance of crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship in the digital space, and addressing it in recent years, its components and dimensions are still unclear, and its implementation in digital-oriented businesses has faced difficulties. Therefore, in the current research, by using the research synthesis of the existing theoretical foundations, it has been addressed to identify the axes and components effective on the implementation of crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship in digital-oriented businesses.

The current research method is a research synthesis that is used to analyze studies related to the dimensions and components of crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship in digital businesses. Research synthesis is an explicit method to identify, evaluate and analyze the work done by researchers, researchers and scholars (Okoli & Schabram, 2011). The studies that can be evaluated in this method must be published online and be the result of field and research work. Therefore, the field of research includes all valid scientific articles in the field of dimensions and components of crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship in digital businesses. In this regard, due to the fact that collective financing strategies based on entrepreneurship have undergone many changes in recent years, therefore, all the selected articles of this research are also based on this period of time. The scope of the research is all the articles (189 articles) that have been presented in the last decade about the components of crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship in business and related concepts in specialized and scientific databases. The sample of the research is 27 articles, which have been selected based on thematic monitoring, theoretical data saturation and purposefully. The data of the research was collected from the qualitative analysis of the studied documents. To ensure the coding method, four evaluators were used to recode the findings, which was used to confirm the Scott method (2012) that in this research, the level of agreement between the number of evaluators was 77, which indicated the agreement between the evaluators in coding.

The results showed that the indicators and components of crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship in digital-oriented businesses in four selected codes and 11 axes of management factors (including management of working capital based on entrepreneurship, financial development management, design of entrepreneurial policies) strategies (including direct crowdfunding strategies, indirect crowdfunding strategies), background factors (including cultural factors, economic factors, digital factors, legal factors), programmatic factors (including networking in entrepreneurship, analysis of conditions and needs assessment, creativity (partly to crowdfunding) was organized.

The management components in crowdfunding based on entrepreneurship in digital-oriented businesses were focused on working capital, financial development management and entrepreneurial policy design by referring to the dimensions of financial management and paying attention to the direction of entrepreneurship in business. In explaining the core code of working capital management based on entrepreneurship, its dimensions in financing were discussed. The findings of this part of the research, which are more consistent with the findings of Leon et al (2023) and Chandna (2022), have attributed the attention to capital preservation and risk assessment in crowdfunding to management and managerial factors.In this research, crowdfunding strategies based on entrepreneurship in digital businesses were divided into direct and indirect crowdfunding strategies by examining the theoretical foundations. The basis of this division according to the theoretical background is the immediate and unmediated communication of the companies applying for crowdfunding or their intermediation. The findings of the research in the strategy section were almost derived from the major findings of the researches mentioned in the table... and most of the researches dealt with crowdfunding strategies in various ways, and the research synthesis aspect of this research was their separation and summation.

Villages in Iran are susceptible to water scarcity, drought, agricultural deterioration, and ultimately, dispersal and depopulation. In the interim, rural entrepreneurship may contribute significantly to rural unemployment reduction and economic expansion. The purpose of this article is to examine rural entrepreneurship in the villages of the province of Hamedan in order to illustrate the obstacles entrepreneurs face in their efforts to expand and develop small and medium-sized enterprises. Eighteen entrepreneurs were interviewed in four localities of the province for this purpose.The necessary data and qualitative study methodology were acquired via comprehensive interviews conducted with entrepreneurs. Coding of the data was performed with MAXQDA software.Drawing from the outcomes of multiple coding stages and structural and macroeconomic challenges and obstacles associated with the nation’s macroeconomy, the most significant impediments to the growth of the examined enterprises can be classified into five overarching concepts and categories. These encompass “needs-based entrepreneurship”, “incomplete branding”, “progress with double work”, “limited networking” together with “family-oriented.”The results indicate that in the society under study, rural entrepreneurship is established in response to necessity rather than opportunity. Entrepreneurs who established a company to fulfill necessities such as employment and financial security. These enterprises are exclusively owned and operated by the entrepreneur’s family, with the majority of personnel not being affiliated with the enterprise. Furthermore, these enterprises are conventionally managed,devoid of any innovative or creative practices that could enhance output and productivity

The main objective of this research is to Identifying the competences of revolution level managers in Islamic governance with an emphasis on entrepreneurship from perspective of Imam Khomeini(RA) words. In this research, in the first step, all the written statements of Imam Khomeini (RA) were examined, and then, using the grounded theory, the statements related to the competency components of leaders of the revolutionary level in Islamic governance were coded. The results of the investigations show that 55 sub-themes can be extracted according to the Thematic analysis method in the statements of Imam Khomeini (RA) in relation to the purpose of the research. Finally, by classifying the identified themes, seven main themes: Creative thinking and idea generation, systemic thinking, ethical and brave, characteristics, personality, manager and resourceful, revolutionary Muslim and integration with society as the main components of competence for top level managers of the revolution were identified.

Improving entrepreneurship and businesses of tourism destinations, especially rural tourism, has a very important role in the sustainability of villages and can provide the basis for reducing heavy damages caused by COVID-19 and achieving sustainability. the goal of this research; The analysis of the key driving forces in entrepreneurship and post-corona tourism businesses on the sustainability of Chaharmahal Bakhtiari tourism target villages. The current research is of an applied type and based on its nature, descriptive-analytical, data collection was done by documentary and field method. The questionnaire was prepared in the form of a mik-mik questionnaire and distributed and completed among the members of the sample community in order to extract the key drivers of entrepreneurship and post-coronavirus tourism businesses on the sustainability of the target villages. A total of 36 questionnaires were prepared for the experts of the rural area and the relevant organizations. Mic Mac software was used for data analysis and structural analysis of the impact of each of the indicators in entrepreneurship and post-corona tourism businesses on sustainability. The results of the research show that among the 54 investigated factors, 15 influential key drivers have been identified, which according to the high score of direct and indirect influence, in the order of the factors: creating businesses related to ecotourism accommodations with influence, direct (12+) indirect (20228+) ), encouraging local investors to create job opportunities with impact, direct (10+) indirect (17266+), activity level of rural managers to expand entrepreneurship, familiarization with new business fields with impact, direct (8+) indirect (6202+) They are more effective than other engines.

Native entrepreneurship is one of the youngest research fields that show that the emergence of this type of entrepreneurship is compatible with the conditions of rural areas and ecotourism areas located in it. The purpose of this research is to investigate the indicators of competitive advantage of indigenous rural entrepreneurship in ecotourism residences and their importance in Horaman region. Based on this, the question was raised: which elements of the advantage of local entrepreneurship of ecotourism residences in the studied area are more important? Also, the research hypothesis stated that which of the elements of economic advantage, social advantage, cultural advantage and environmental advantage is more important in the entrepreneurship of ecotourism residences in the study area. Horaman is located in the two provinces of Kurdistan and Kermanshah, and it is divided into three parts: Horaman Takht, Horaman Lehun and Horaman Javahrud. The number of 28 villages in Horaman region of Iran have 45 ecotourism residences. The method of collecting documentary and field information is used in this research to extract the entrepreneurship indicators and express the research literature. The sampling method for the sample community of experts (faculty members and doctoral students with related dissertations), experts and a sample of ecotourism managers has been done in a targeted manner. Also, the results of the research with Tukey's post hoc test show that there is a significant difference between the elements of competitive advantage of entrepreneurship of ecotourism residences in Horaman region and, based on this, the indicators of social advantage with 6 indicators, economic advantage with 9 indicators, cultural advantage with 6 indicators and advantage Environment with 8 measures are of significant importance in Horaman region. Also, the results of the path analysis showed that the dimension of economic advantage has the greatest impact compared to other dimensions.

The aim of this research was to present a framework for the commercialization of Iran's sports tourism industry. 

This study employed a qualitative approach and is applied in its objective. The statistical population included managers and experts in the fields of tourism and sports. The sample size was determined by theoretical saturation, with a purposeful and accessible sample of 14 participants. Research tools included a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews. The validity of the tools was assessed through qualitative validation methods (content validity and the kappa coefficient). A coding and conceptual framework method was used to analyze the findings. 

The proposed analytical framework was organized into 11 general perspectives, including the international trends in sports tourism, national development in sports and tourism, the national entrepreneurial and commercial ecosystem, drivers and stimulators, constraints and challenges, commercialization processes, commercialization strategies, supply development capabilities, demand supply capacities, micro-level outcomes, and macro-level outcomes. 

Finally, based on the study's findings, to apply these results for the development and promotion of the sports tourism industry, the mapped relationships among factors should be considered based on their roles in the commercialization process of the sports tourism industry. Moreover, based on these factors and their roles in this process, necessary strategies should be employed to further enhance the success of commercialization in the sports tourism industry.

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying and leveling the factors affecting the educational process based on the entrepreneurial approach in Iran's automotive industry. This was an applied study in terms of purpose and mixed-exploratory in terms of data collection. The study consisted of a qualitative phase to identify and level the influential factors of the educational process based on the entrepreneurial approach, and also a quantitative phase to determine the effects of the variables and their leveling. Sampling was purposive in both quantitative and qualitative phases using the snowball method. In the qualitative part, first, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 20 academic and organizational experts, including industrial experts such as education custodians (supervisors and heads of education), with the aim of identifying the influential factors. In the quantitative analysis section, the DEMATEL method was applied to determine the influence of the variables, and in the next step, structural-interpretive modeling was used to determine the levels of the factors. The DEMATEL questionnaire was distributed among ten experts, and the effect of the factors was extracted using DEMATEL modeling. The research results yielded 15 key factors in the educational process based on the entrepreneurial approach, which were classified into nine levels.

In recent decades, entrepreneurship has been raised as a panacea for the economic growth and development of countries in economic debates, and it has been recommended to pay attention to it in the economic policies of governments. The entrepreneurship component is a type of indicator influencing the economic growth of countries that economic policymakers have paid attention to in the past decade. In the past few decades, economic growth and development has been one of the most important issues of countries, because the rate of economic growth is one of the most important factors that are considered in evaluating the performance of economic policies of different countries. In other words, it can be said that countries with higher economic growth have more effective economic policies than countries with lower growth. When critical conditions occur in the economy of countries, the attention of policymakers is focused on the components and tools that can have positive effects on economic growth. The importance of entrepreneurship in the economy and its effects on the economic growth of countries is one of the essential issues. It should be noted that the adoption of monetary, financial, income and foreign exchange policies by governments and how these policies are implemented can have significant positive or negative effects on the performance of entrepreneurs and small and medium business owners; In other words, it should be said that although the effects of entrepreneurship on the economic growth of different countries have been investigated in several studies, the variable of entrepreneurship is also affected by macroeconomic policies. The business environment of each country can be analyzed through different indicators. Despite the strengths and weaknesses of each of the indicators of the business environment, it should not be neglected that these indicators are important from several dimensions. The main question that this study seeks to answer is: Will the uncertainty of monetary, financial, income and currency policies affect the amount of entrepreneurship in the economy? In this study, the fuzzy possibility regression model was used. This model obtains the most favorable regression equation by minimizing the degree of fuzziness. To achieve a good fit, an optimal model should be estimated. Considering that the membership functions used to display fuzzy numbers are triangular, fuzzy regression can be formulated in the form of a linear programming problem. Fuzzy regression models were first presented by Tanaka et al. in (1982). These models obtain the best regression equation by minimizing the degree of fuzziness. This is done by minimizing the total width of the membership functions of the fuzzy coefficients of the regression equation. According to what was said, in most of the issues related to entrepreneurship, the impact of the uncertainty of economic variables has not been examined. In this study, in order to model and examine the impact of economic policy uncertainty on the entrepreneurship index, the fuzzy regression model has been used. For this purpose, liquidity variables, government expenditures, exchange rate margin, and minimum wage have been considered as uncertainty in monetary, financial, foreign exchange, and income policies, respectively. The results of this study are very important in analyzing the uncertainty of economic policies due to the flexibility of fuzzy regression from different aspects. In this study, degrees of membership from 0.1 to 0.9 were used, the closer we get to the degree of membership of 0.9, it indicates the reduction of uncertainty in economic policies. Also, the right and left widths were estimated using fuzzy range values. By calculating the mentioned widths, the impact of uncertainty in economic policies was investigated. The remarkable point related to the results in this study is that the growth of entrepreneurship in the country has a special potential capacity in such a way that with the reduction of uncertainty in economic policies, the growth of entrepreneurship will increase greatly. Several studies using econometric methods, including classical regression, have investigated the factors affecting the entrepreneurship index. However, in this study, the fuzzy regression model was introduced and its ability to investigate the uncertainty of economic policies on entrepreneurship was considered. Because econometric models need complete and definite information for specification due to structural reasons, while the factors affecting entrepreneurship are fluctuating. Therefore, considering the inevitability and uncertainty of economic variables, we need a precise modeling. Fuzzy regression model has great explanatory power due to its high flexibility compared to classical regression by estimating the right and left width of the entrepreneurship index. One of the important features of this study is the estimation of the right and left width of the entrepreneurship index, through this width, it is possible to determine the effectiveness of the entrepreneurship index from uncertainty, or in other words, the fluctuation of economic variables. According to the characteristics of fuzzy regression, values of centers and fuzzy width were calculated. The results of the fuzzy width of monetary policies compared to other policies show that the entrepreneurship index increases strongly with the decrease of uncertainty. Examining the results of the values of the fuzzy centers shows that financial policies have a constant effect on entrepreneurship at all levels of membership. This issue is very worthy of consideration, since the structure of the government's financial policies and budget should be revised and efforts should be made to focus the government's investments on the sectors of the economy that can be exploited more quickly and require less capital. they do. The values of the fuzzy width of currency and income policies also show that with the increase in the degree of membership, which indicates the reduction of the uncertainty effect of the said policy, they have a significant effect on increasing entrepreneurship. In other words, economic instability and exchange rate fluctuations that practically companies and business owners cannot start entrepreneurial activities and new investments. The general conclusion of this study shows that the role of the government in entrepreneurship through policy making in the economy is very important.

Today, medical tourism is one of the most important branches of tourism and has many economic and social benefits for the country. Since Iran's rank, despite having suitable opportunities and relative regional advantages in this area, does not have a suitable position at the global level, it is necessary to identify and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities in medical tourism. This research is of a mixed type (combination of qualitative and quantitative methods) and has an exploratory nature, in the first step of interviews with experts, specialists and entrepreneurs of therapeutic tourism, the dimensions and categories affecting the recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities of therapeutic tourism using thematic analysis in MAX QDA software was extracted. These key categories are: environmental factors, business factors, entrepreneurial platforms, technological opportunities, entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial awareness, entrepreneurial characteristics and identifying entrepreneurial opportunities, then with the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) technique, the levels of key categories and the relationships between them are determined and introduced. became According to the results of the structures of environmental factors, technological opportunities and business factors have high influence and low impact. The constructs of identifying entrepreneurial opportunities and entrepreneurial consciousness have high dependence and low influence. Entrepreneurial knowledge structures, entrepreneurial characteristics, and entrepreneurial platforms have similar influence and degree of dependence. It is recommended that basic infrastructures, including culture building, establishment of information technology, and support for medical tourism startups should be included in the agenda.

Knowing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in different organizations, especially the technical and vocational organization plays an important role in improving the state of this educational system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyzing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization of the country. 

In a descriptive research from type of correlation were analyzed the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship. For this purpose, the research population was all the employees of technical and vocational organization of Golestan province with number of 500 people, which the sample size based on Cochran's formula was estimated to be 217 people, which these people were selected by simple random sampling method. The tool of the current research was the questionnaire of the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization, which the data were analyzed with the methods of exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Smart PLS software. 

The findings of this study indicated that the ambivalent elements of entrepreneurship in technical and vocational organizations were included 14 elements of market orientation, market analysis, use of creativity, continuous problem solving, knowledge sharing, knowledge absorption capacity, strategic planning, continuous sourcing, flexible organization, continuous learning, managerial expertise, financial support, capable human resources, environment dynamism, ambivalence and the results that the factor load of all of them was higher than 0.50, the average variance extracted of all of them was higher than 0.60, and the Cronbach and combined reliability of all of them was higher than 0.80. Also, the model of analyzing the ambivalence elements of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization of the country had a good fit and the coefficient of all paths was significant (P<0.05). 

According to the results of this study, it is necessary to plan to improve the ambivalence of entrepreneurship in the technical and vocational organization of the country through the identified elements.

The aim of the current research is to present a model for the development of academic entrepreneurship in Iraq using the interpretative-structural modeling approach.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection. In order to collect data, 15 factors were identified as the most important factors by first reviewing the theoretical foundations and the views of 20 experts as members of the Delphi panel. It should be noted that the statistical population of the research is Al-Qadisieh University in Divaniye city, and the target sample was selected by purposive sampling method and applying indicators such as experience, proficiency participation willingness and ability as well as accessibility. The tool of data collection is a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, structural interpretive modeling method was used.

The results of the research showed that senior management support for entrepreneurial activities, supportive organizational structure in order to facilitate creative and innovative behaviors and commercialization measures, and establishing supportive and flexible laws in the field of entrepreneurship, intellectual property rights and commercialization as the most important effective factors. In the development of academic entrepreneurship in Iraq, it is known in the present research.
 

: By showing its desire and motivation in the development of academic entrepreneurship and manifesting this motivation in  terms  of a series of key actions, the university  could   be very fruitful in advancing the intended goals and developing academic entrepreneurship, and considering the nature of academic entrepreneurship, the university   will play the main role in this process and until this desire and motivation from the university towards  academic  entrepreneurship is not seen by the government and other actors, we  may not  expect to advance the goals of  academic  entrepreneurship

This paper examines the role of entrepreneurship in energy engineering education, emphasizing the importance of incorporating entrepreneurial skills into the curriculum. Given the global challenges associated with sustainable energy, entrepreneurship is identified as a crucial driver for developing innovative technologies in the energy sector. The paper addresses the obstacles and challenges of integrating entrepreneurship into energy engineering education programs and highlights the need for curriculum reform, enhanced industry collaboration, and the utilization of appropriate resources to foster entrepreneurship. Additionally, the paper underscores the importance of balancing technical and entrepreneurial content within energy engineering courses, and the necessity of providing suitable incentives and opportunities for students to engage in entrepreneurial activities. The societal demand for sustainable energy solutions and the pressing global challenges underscore the need for energy engineering students to develop entrepreneurial skills. This development is presented as a vital strategy for driving economic growth and fostering innovation in the energy industry. In conclusion, the paper argues that the integration of entrepreneurship into energy engineering education is essential for preparing students to contribute effectively to the energy sector’s evolution and to address the urgent need for sustainable and innovative energy solutions.

Today, the sports industry is an indispensable part of the economy, playing an essential role in both the practical and spectacular sectors, in the production and use of sports equipment and services, and in the development of the national economic sector. In today's world, the long-term survival of a business depends on its strength and ability to successfully introduce its new products to the market. The establishment of some companies in the sports industry has made it important to develop new products in this industry and create entrepreneurship and employment. Attention to the sports industry and the abilities of this industry to develop and expand entrepreneurship and create new businesses related to sports in Iran has created a suitable field. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of sports knowledge-based companies on entrepreneurship and the development of sports products.

The research was an applied study in terms of the objective and a descriptive survey in terms of data collection and analysis. The statistical population was made up of all managers and experts of sports-related knowledge-based companies in Tehran, which amounted to 43 companies based on the information obtained from Tehran Science and Technology Park, and all were selected as the research sample. The data collection instrument was a standard questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by management professors and whose reliability was endorsed by previous studies. Descriptive statistics (e.g., frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and structural equations were used for analysis using SPSS and AMOS software packages.

The findings showed that all absolute and relative fit indices were at a very good level. Also, the RMSEA fit index was 0.048. Therefore, the model had a good fit. Also, knowledge-based companies were found to promote the culture of sports entrepreneurship and innovation in producing new products in the sports industry. On the other hand, the impact factor of sports knowledge-based companies was 57% on sports entrepreneurship, 24% on the development of sports products, and 75% on the development of sports products.

Conclusion/ Implications: 

It can be drawn from the results that it is necessary to lay the ground for the establishment and expansion of knowledge-based sports companies to promote sports-related businesses and the production of sports products, goods, and equipment. Furthermore, the establishment of companies in the field of entrepreneurship and sports, the application of innovative technologies and systems, and the development of sports equipment and products with innovative and developmental capabilities can contribute to the sustainable development of sports activities and the creation of new business and economic opportunities in this industry.