جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "conflict" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

The conflict between mathematical rules and beliefs, as well as the correct choice, is an ethical issue. The resolution of this conflict depends on providing a criterion for evaluation so that the moral agent can make the correct choice based on it. This current research addresses the standards and trends in conflicting requirements through an analytical approach from the perspective of psychological egoism concerning self-love and Islam. Psychological egoism, which is based on the inclination towards self-love, perceives greater good and pleasure in adhering to mathematical rules. This thinking often neglects other perspectives in calculations by focusing solely on global systems and expressing certain truths. Although some Quranic verses affirm part of this perspective, other verses indicate alternative directions and their superiority. Therefore, monopolizing the stance on self-love is incomplete and does not encompass all truths. From the viewpoint of Islamic scholars, reason evaluates conflicting parties based on fundamental rules of conflict, where preference is more significant than obligation. Compliance with God's essential requirements is crucial, and thus dismissing unnecessary demands is a prerequisite for beliefs prior to mathematical rules. Creating a relative consensus towards modifying mathematical rules that conflict with beliefs is another method to resolve these conflicts.

The conflict is one of the issues involved in the process of jurisprudential inference. Different bases in the way of resolving the conflict between the Shariah evidences and its sub-issues have a significant impact on the differences between mujtahids' fatwas. One of the micro issues in the field of conflict resolution is the validation of preferences in this field. A notable practice among jurists is to prefer and prioritize a narration that includes mention of ta'leel. Of course, the preference of the reasoned narration has opponents among jurisprudential and principled thinkers.Considering the importance of the conflict issue and the widespread use of this type of preference, this article aims to investigate the preference of causal narratives using a descriptive-analytical method.This research, with the premise of giving permission to non-textual preferences, has examined the terms validity, quality and preference condition of the narrations. Then, by searching the words for and against this preference, it has extracted and examined their evidence. The supporters of this preference have cited the strength of the appearance of the reasoned narration compared to the narration without explanation and more suspicion of its issuance. On the other hand, the objection of the opponents is the non-acceptance of the power of emergence and the lack of evidence for the validity of such a preference.Regardless of the fact that prioritizing news with reasons in the event of a conflict is a well-known practice of jurists, it seems that this type of preference is acceptable under one condition; that is, the reasons mentioned in the news are rational and not devotional.

This study aimed to analyze the conflictual futures in the legislative governance of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. It examined the relations of alternative futures, which entail conflict, cooperation, and balance, in order to examine the future of conflictual legislative futures. The study focused on the legislation and the legislative branch in the 2046 horizon. Monitoring in this context serves as a form of prognosis, emphasizing the importance of being prepared and alert to avoid surprises. It is thus necessary to address the issue to ensure that the legislative system remains agile, accountable, and proactively responsive with timely reactions in the face of new and emerging legislative changes. Although a few studies have touched upon the issue tangentially, there appears to be no comprehensive treatment of the interdisciplinary area where futures studies, legislative governance, and monitoring intersect. In this respect, the present study sought to address the following question: What is the future direction of conflictual futures in the legislative governance?

Literature Review:

There appears to be no serious related study about monitoring legislative governance, or alternative futures in the context of the legislation. Concerning the latter, the literature has mainly discussed the future of conflict, contradiction, and opposition through concrete and practical instances derived from the field evidence. There seems to be no research about abstract, pure foundations of the relations of conflict, balance, and cooperation for different kinds of futures. An overview of the related foundations, theories, and models highlights the significance of a futures studies approach to legislation. The increasing intensity and pace of changes will give legislative governance a unique role, enabling it to handle wild cards, surprises, and uncertainties more effectively. The fields of policymaking and governance require more research and broader scholarly treatment. Field evidence and observations also indicate a growing trend and increasing attention to the future in the context of legislation, as the capabilities of legislative governance are beginning to emerge. At the intersection of legislation and futures studies, monitoring appears to be a neglected area of research at both macro and micro levels. In fact, no concrete system has been designed to illustrate the interaction and mutual influence of monitoring and legislation.

The study used the documentary and library research, questionnaires, and the fuzzy Delphi technique to collect and analyze expert opinions. The analysis was divided into two sections: the relations of alternative futures and the conflictual futures of legislation. Initially, the literature on alternative futures was reviewed, and a 5item questionnaire was designed accordingly. This questionnaire was then administered to the experts in futures studies. Next, the literature on conflictual futures in legislative governance was examined, and a 32item questionnaire was designed in the fuzzy Delphi style, focusing on the confrontation and conflict of futures in the field of legislation. This questionnaire was administered in two stages to a range of experts, including former members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, lawyers, and scholars of governance studies. Then, the shared opinions were collected.

Monitoring is a process that offers the prognosis of alternative futures. The prognosis helps avoid surprises and unexpected circumstances, thereby reducing potential damage. The legislative system and governance in the Islamic Republic of Iran are influenced by various factors. The analysis of future scenarios suggested the possibility of multiple alternative futures. These alternative futures can be categorized into three types: those that conflict and oppose each other; those that interact and cooperate; and those that achieve a balance. Each presents a different scenario for the government and leadership, ranging from a disaster scenario to a desirable one. Understanding the scenarios and alternative futures, alongside preparing to deal with them, can reduce vulnerability. More importantly, understanding the alternative futures of legislative governance allows for the selection and creation of a desirable future. This can not only minimize vulnerability but also contribute to creating a more favorable legislative and governance environment.

The research results suggested several key implications: reinforcing the executive branch while weakening the role and position of the Islamic Consultative Assembly as the legislative body; reinforcing the customary and popular aspect; enhancing lobbying efforts while weakening legal procedures; increasing the prominence of technology and artificial intelligence compared to the anthropocentric aspect; maintaining centralism and the unicameral system; and facing challenges in achieving genuine partisanship and convincing the public to join political parties.

One of the most important problem in the issue of moral conflicts is the moral conflicts about the concealment of spouses. almost in the concealment where there is a possibility of Honesty, most of these cases are in conflict with a duty of moral norm of the principle of honesty. By investigating the cases of concealment conflict with other moral norms,we can reach  two final solutions , the primary solution is to prefer the most important side; and The most important ways to recognize it are prioritizing moral principles, rejecting what has most corruption instead of what has less corrupt,  rejection of corrupt over gaining benefits and ranking interests. The second case is to investigate for other solutions, which is facilitator in minimal conflicts. In this research of half-truth, (Toriya) discussed about silence and dishonesty as desirable concealment methods that can be used in the conflicts of concealment with other ethical principles. The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical, and the method of data collection is based on the examination of library documents.

Observance of citizenship rights and preservation of citizens' property rights in public and construction plans of the municipality and the method of observing these rights is an important matter to prevent disputes between the municipality and citizens. The result of which is a significant reduction in the cases that have been reviewed in the judicial authorities to resolve the conflict between the municipality and the citizens for not respecting the rights of the citizens in the municipal projects. In the review of votes related to municipal construction projects that are in conflict with the rights of citizens, one of the citizen's rights that greatly reduces this conflict is the observance of the citizen's right to participate in the implementation of public and municipal projects. For example, if the municipality prepares construction and public plans with the participation of the Environmental Protection Organization and with the help of environmental activists, it prepares these plans in such a way that the environment is protected as much as possible, and if a problem is found, it is immediately assisted by the organization. If protecting the environment solves that problem, or in order to protect the environment, conduct trainings and set regulations within the organization to ask citizens to respect this right, the conflict between public and construction plans of the municipality will be greatly reduced.

Conflict is one of the issues that occurs in social relations and is revealed when the goal of an individual or a group is not in line with the goal of another individual or group. This element has been very effective in continuing the story of Khosrow and Shirin. This descriptive-analytical study investigates the conflict and its types in the story of Khosrow and Shirin. Although the conflict between Khosrow and Shirin lasted long, it has led to positive results. However, other conflicts in the story have ended with negative results. The types of story conflicts include 1) Goal conflict: The conflict between Khosrow and Farhad, Bahram and Khosrow, and Shiruye and Khosrow is of this type; and 2) Emotional conflict: The conflict between Shirin and Maryam, and Shirin and Shakar. The strategies taken by the characters in the story to resolve the conflict are: 1) Surrendering strategy: Khosrow's strategy against Shirouye and Farhad's strategy against Khosrow is of this type; 2) Shirin and Maryam have used the avoidance strategy; 3) Win-loss strategy (competition): Khosrow's strategy in disagreement with Farhad and Sheroe's approach to Khosrow is like this; 4) Win-win strategy: This is the strategy of Khosrow and Shirin; and 5) Compromising approach: Khosrow's method in reaching Shirin is like this.

The main objective of this research is to identify the function of behavior and body language in creating the dramatic expression present in the story of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph) in the Quran.

The information and data in this research have been collected through the library method and then analyzed using the narrative analysis method.

Part of the life of Prophet Yusuf is mentioned in the Quran, and his story is addressed in different numbers of verses. By examining all the verses, in some of them, behaviors and actions can be seen in the form of body language that have advanced the suspense, character development, and conflict in the story. Rereading the Quranic story of Yusuf, considering the analysis of the dramatic expression present in it, provides us with new points in storytelling and the rhetorical style of the Quran.

In the story of Prophet Yusuf, behavior and body language have been used to create dramatic expression. In this story, God has unveiled thoughts and ideas, emotions, moral values, and personality traits through the limbs of the body and their states, which, in line with dramatic expression, have caused the creation and intensification of suspense, character development, and conflict. This has led to the eloquence and, consequently, the complete penetration and influence of the divine word, considering the psychological characteristics of human understanding, and best illustrates the purpose of narrating the story of Prophet Yusuf.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on the acceptance and commitment approach (ACT) with reality therapy on marital cohesion in conflicted couples in the post-corona era. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study was all conflicted couples who were referred to clinics and counseling centers in the 20th district of Tehran in 2022. 45 people were selected purposefully and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The research tool was Samani Marital Coherence (MCQ, 2002). Treatment intervention based on acceptance and commitment approach (ACT) and reality therapy was implemented in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, twice a week as a group for the first and second experimental groups. The data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the post-test and the follow-up groups of the test and evidence of marital cohesion (P<0.05) and acceptance and commitment therapy was significantly more effective than reality therapy on the marital cohesion of conflicted couples in the post-corona period and between the two treatments, A significant difference was observed (P<0.05). Therefore, it can be said that the acceptance and commitment approach (ACT) was more effective than reality therapy in increasing marital cohesion in conflicted couples.

Muslims believe that the Qur'an is the word of God, but critics of the Qur'an have always tried to create doubts against this divine book in order to cast doubt on the divinity of the Qur'an Considering the spread of these doubts in the recent centuries and the contexts of the emergence of this doubt, in this article, in a descriptive and analytical way, while explaining the literary doubt and the factors of its occurrence and emergence, the course of the emergence and development of such doubt in five The period from the era of descent to the late period has been investigated.The most important findings of this research are: In the era of the descent of the prophet's wisdom, he blocked the way of casting any doubts, while the lack of compilation of the rules of the Arabic language at that time ruled out such a doubt. During the period of the Imams (as) and companions, factors such as; The phenomenon of different readings, weakness in the Arabic script, the presence of similar verses and difficult words, became the basis for literary disputes in this age, which was met with the response of the Companions and the wisdom of the Imams (AS). By moving away from the age of texts due to the spread of conquests, the increase of new converts to Islam, and the hostility of Zandaqah, literary doubts have increased, Islamic thinkers tried to answer these doubts in their writings. In the recent period of disregard for literary rules and the hostile view of some orientalists, literary doubts have developed in a new format.

Conflict is a type of disorder in social relations between individuals and groups, which is considered one of the most important issues in society. The research was conducted with the aim of identifying and psychologically studying the reasons and contexts of individual and collective conflicts in Tabriz city and providing strategic and practical solutions.

In terms of purpose, this research has used the type of applied research and the descriptive approach of the correlation type. The statistical population of the research consists of the residents of Tabriz Police Station 13, who had a lot of conflicts and conflicts, and the statistical sample was 300 men in the age range of 20 to 45 years, who were selected using available sampling method and their number was determined using Cochran's second formula due to the unknown statistical population. In order to collect data, the standard anomie feeling questionnaires, Cassidy and Lang's (1996) Problem Solving Skills Questionnaire (PSS), Keyes Psychosocial Health Questionnaire, and the researcher-made Personal Conflict Questionnaire were used. Corrective opinions of experts and researchers were obtained, and reliability was calculated and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient.

Examining the research model showed that the constructs of this research have sufficient validity in terms of convergence and correlation, and the results of the correlation matrix of the separate validity index showed that the constructs have appropriate validity. Also, the examination of the structural fit indices showed that the fit of the model from the structural dimension can be trusted. Finally, the overall fit of the research model showed that the research model has good overall fit (Gof=0.323). Data analysis showed that there is a relationship between the feeling of anomie and individual conflict (β=0.728, t=24.343), between mental health and individual conflict (β=0.479, t=9.786) and style There is a significant relationship between problem solving and personal conflict (β=0.460, t=2.015).

Quarrels and conflicts are among the social issues that, in addition to creating an atmosphere full of anger and hatred and making human relations miserable, also threaten security from various aspects. This issue should be placed on the agenda of educational institutions during the process of socialization of people, and it should be more sensitive to policymakers, so that while improving the mental health of the society, its irreparable side effects can also be prevented.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on the fear of negative evaluation, anxiety, and family conflict of childless couples referring to Gonbadkavus counseling centers.

The current study was applied in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of pre-test-post-test type with a control group.The statistical population of this research included all childless couples referred to counseling centers in Gonbadkavos city. The statistical sample consisted of 30 couples selected by the available method and randomly assigned to two control and experimental groups. The necessary data were collected using Lori's Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire (1983), Beck's Anxiety Questionnaire (1990), and Sanai and Barati's Marital Conflict Scale (2015) and analyzed using SPSS software and analysis of covariance.

The results showed that cognitive behavioral therapy influenced childless couples' fear of negative evaluation, anxiety, and family conflict. In all three hypotheses, the F value is less than the significance level of 0.05, and the hypotheses are accepted. The results of this research can be used in psychology and welfare counseling centers.

IntroductionThe Caspian Sea region due to the presence of huge energy reserves and being located at the point of connection between the two continents of Asia and Europe; It becomes more important day by day. The interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is one of the important members of this new region, are highly dependent on the pattern governing the region and its security issues.MethodologyBy using the literature of modern regionalism and the framework of regional security complexes and a two-step exploratory hybrid research method, the indicators of this theory are first evaluated in the studied region and then using the concept of dependence. Security interdependence, in two dimensions of security conflict (negative aspect of security interdependence) and security cooperation (positive aspect of security interdependence), issues for developing research tools (questionnaire) are counted. Then, in the quantitative stage of the research, the questionnaires are evaluated by a statistical sample of 49 experts in this field.ConclusionAny military cooperation of regional countries with extra-regional powers can lead the region to a security conflict. it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the pursuit of these issues by the newly independent countries is usually the result of the implementation of extensive exercises and the creation of new bases by the Russian Federation in the Caspian Sea region. Therefore, it can be said that if this increasing trend continues in the coming years, the movement of the Caspian Sea region towards controversial patterns is inevitable.