جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "partial least squares" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Banks, while accompanying the economic programs of countries, also seek to gain benefits for their beneficiaries. To achieve these goals, they need to equip and optimally allocate resources, and one of the important issues in this field is to know the effective factors in attracting resources. The purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize factors affecting the provision of bank resources. To achieve the goal of the research, by reviewing the background of the research, the mission of the bank and the opinions of banking experts, 62 factors were presented in the form of a questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was tested and confirmed with Cronbach's alpha after the approval of banking experts and the pre-test. After collecting research data through a questionnaire, the identification of the effective components on the methods of resource attraction was extracted using structural equation modeling (partial least squares model) and factor analysis. Based on the obtained t-value, which was higher than 1.96, the influence of external and internal factors on resource allocation was generally confirmed. This relationship was also confirmed in the dimension of intra-organizational factors. According to the path coefficients obtained in the final model of the research, the influence of intra-organizational factors (0.863) is higher than extra-organizational factors (0.192) in equipping resources. In examining the influence of dimensions of internal organizational factors; Communication and human, service, physical and financial factors were placed in priority 1 to 4 respectively.

Today, the insurance industry plays a significant role in the prosperity of the economy, so paying attention to the creation of knowledge can play a significant role in increasing the penetration rate of insurance. Therefore, the main question of the current research is how to design and explain the model of the elements of customer knowledge co-creation in the insurance industry? In order to answer this question, the present research aims to identify the elements of the customer knowledge co-creation model in the insurance industry in the first stage, and in the next stage to test the relationship model of the elements of customer knowledge co-creation in the insurance industry, and based on the results of Data analysis will provide solutions to the managers of this industry in order to make decisions and policies related to knowledge creation and as a result promote and improve insurance products and services and increase the penetration rate of insurance in the society.

Literature Review:

Knowledge Co-Creation has been described as an act of collective creativity, with applications ranging from product and service design to more abstract spheres of value creation taking place between two or more individuals who may or may not belong to the same actor group (Amann & Rubinelli, 2017). “Customer knowledge Co-creation is defined as the collective ability of group members to analyze, interpret, reconfigure customer-related knowledge, and it means that knowledge is co-created by group members” (Menguc et al, 2013). In the following, we discuss some of the researches conducted in the field of customer knowledge co-creation.Itani et al. (2022) conducted a study with the aim of investigating the effects of using social media and customer relationship management technology on the customer knowledge co-creation and sales performance in B2B companies. Based on the theories of task-technology fit and self-determination, the findings show that social media, customer relationship management technology, and their interaction, support salespeople in joint value-creation efforts through the mediating role of knowledge enriched by these tools. The results indicated a significant moderating effect of the salesperson's job independence and the ease of the sales quota in increasing the relationship between knowledge and value co-creation.Xie et al. (2020), in a study titled "Using Customer Knowledge for Service Innovation in Travel Agency Industry", investigated the influencing factors and the effects of service team access and the combination of customer knowledge on tourist service companies. The results showed that both factors of customer orientation and intensity of interaction are effective on customer knowledge co-creation teams, which can promote service innovation. Also, the results indicated that customer knowledge co-creation moderates the relationship between interaction intensity and service innovation.

The current research was done in two stages using a mixed method. In this research, in order to identify the components of the customer knowledge co-creation model, first the qualitative approach of grounded theory was used. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a selection of insurance industry experts, including a number of university professors and insurance company managers, as a result of which the components of the research and their dimensions were identified. Then, in order to present the relationship model of the main components of the research, the opinions of experts were evaluated through the matrix of pairwise comparisons, and based on this, the conceptual model of the research was explained. Then, in order to test the research model and hypotheses, the partial least squares quantitative method was used. The statistical population in the quantitative stage consists of managers and experts of three active insurance companies in Iran, including Alborz, Iran, and Asia. The statistical sample was obtained from the random cluster sampling method, based on which 310 people were selected as a statistical sample. The data collection tool in the quantitative stage is a researcher-made questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha method was used to check the reliability of the measurement tool, and its value was greater than 0.7 for all variables. Therefore, all variables were confirmed in terms of reliability.

In the first stage of the current research, the qualitative method of grounded theory was used to identify the components and dimensions of customer knowledge co-creation. As a result of this stage, 7 main aspects were identified for customer knowledge co-creation. After identifying the research components and developing the model, 9 hypotheses were formulated in the quantitative stage. Based on the findings of data analysis using the partial least squares method, all 9 research hypotheses were confirmed. The results showed that the infrastructure of information and communication technology has an effect on being knowledge-oriented. Also, being knowledge-oriented has an impact on internal marketing and customer relationship management. In addition, the effect of internal marketing and customer relationship management on customer orientation was confirmed. Also, the effect of customer orientation on creating motivation and trust building was confirmed, and finally, the effect of creating motivation and trust building on customer knowledge co-creation was confirmed.

Customer knowledge co-creation is a process by which organizations acquire competencies and knowledge of customers, so that they can use this information to create an experience for customers and reach new markets for themselves.

According to the confirmation of all 9 research hypotheses and with emphasis on the structures (sub-indices) that have the highest factor load obtained from the partial least squares method, the following practical suggestions are presented:In order to develop the component of “information and communication technology infrastructures” in insurance companies, considering the importance of "the company's presence in social media and producing up-to-date content", it is suggested that managers of insurance companies use experts who have enough expertise in the field of content production to manage social media pages. Also, through social pages, they can establish a two-way relationship with customers, especially special customers, and encourage them to share their insurance knowledge and experiences.In line with the development of “internal marketing”, the managers of insurance companies should continuously strive to hold brainstorming sessions with the employees in order to update their knowledge and skills. In these meetings, in addition to presenting technical matters such as informing about possible changes in insurance policies, new insurance laws, etc., experts in fields such as marketing, psychology, and negotiation can also be invited so that the employees and the sales network, in addition to mastering the technical skills, also master the communication skills of the day.In order to ensure customer satisfaction and as a result of complying with customer-oriented principles, insurance companies must first observe and understand the needs of their customers. For this purpose, they should listen to the expectations and criticisms of the customers, and by establishing a friendly relationship with them, in addition to getting to know the customers more and knowing their level of satisfaction, they should have a positive effect on their perception.In order to increase the “trust of customers”, insurance companies should adopt strategies that lead to improving the mental image of customers towards the company's brand. Since the main mission of insurance companies is to issue perfect insurance policies as well as timely and adequate payment of damages, if this is done correctly, it can play an effective role in attracting customers’ trust.Finally, in order to develop the customers' knowledge co-creation, insurance companies should use the experiences and knowledge gained from customers to produce and create new knowledge and improve and develop the organization's products and services.

How to finance the budget deficit has always been associated with many challenges in governments, and because according to studies and research, the method of financing with papers and documents has the least negative social effects. One of these types of bonds is the Islamic treasury, which has many advantages, but the budget deficit through this also has problems such as unwillingness of contractors and disproportionate emissions to the realized performance (lack of demand), liquidity risk and ultimately reduce It has a strong value in the OTC market (lack of market demand), so in this study, the factors affecting the acceptance of contractors for Islamic treasury bills were investigated. Collected from construction project contractors. Based on the results, the increase in contractor assets has a positive effect on the acceptance of Islamic treasury bills and on the other hand, based on the results of increasing inflation and discount rate in the secondary market has a negative effect on the acceptance of Islamic treasury bills that these variables should be controlled to attract documents by contractors

shadow economy is an integral part of the economic structure of any country, which is always more common in countries with lower levels of development than in developedones. A relatively large size of shadow economy will have many negative effects on the economy as a whole because it absorbs resources and labor from the formal economy, limits public resourcesandthe effectiveness of policies, and distorts official statistics, as well as competition. It will increase unfair competition against official companies that follow the rules. Therefore, in order to prevent, identify and deal with this phenomenon, the government must bear the costs. Considering that increasing military expenditures with the security it creates inside each country causes the injection of domestic and foreign capital into official sectors of the economy and increases employment and GDP, as a result of the security caused by increased costs in the military sector social order, economic prosperity, peace of society, increasing creativity and innovation, progress and development of society, access to modern and advanced facilities and equipment, and finally reducing economic crime and underground and shadow activities in the country will happen.During the period under review, shadow economy as a percentage of GDP in Iran has an upward trend with relatively low ups and downs and during this 35-year period has an average of 19.31 percent and the variable of military spending as Percentage of GDP has a negative and significant effect on the shadow economy in the period under study, ie for each unit of increase in military spending shadow economy decreases by 0.134 percent.

In this research, the structural equation modeling approach based on partial least squares and multiple index pattern - multiple causes and SMART PLS software has been used to investigate the effect of military spending on shadow economy in Iran during the period 1981 to 2015.Multiple Index Pattern - Multiple causes, which include observed model variables and latent shadow economy variable, take the form of two equations. In the first equation, the relational relationship of shadow economy and its causes are explained and in the second equation, how the indicators are affected by the volume of shadow economy is specified. Therefore, the multiple index model - multiple causes has two parts: structural model and measurement model. The mathematical formulation of the template is as follows:(1) (2) η: hidden variable (shadow economy); X: vector (q × 1) causes in the structural model; Y: Vector (p × 1) of indicators in the measurement model; λ: (p × 1) coefficient matrix in the measurement model; γ: (q × 1) The cause coefficient matrix in the structural equation v: error in the structural model and 𝜀: a vector (p × 1) measurement error in YThe regression form of the structural equation is:The regression form of the measurement equation is as follows:(4)As can be seen in the structural equation and the measurement equation, the variables of military expenditure (me), effective tax rate (etax), formal market exchange rate (racmi), black market exchange rate (unracmi), economy openness (open), Revenues from natural resources (oilindex) and government size (gov) as the reasons for measuring the shadow economy as well as the variables energy consumption (energy), money demand (dmoney) and employment (employ) as the effects of the shadow economy have been selected to estimate the model.

According to the results of this study, the signs of coefficients of exchange rate variables in the formal market, government size, effective tax rate, income from natural resources, military expenditures and the openness index of the economy in the study model are statistically significant and coefficient signs are consistent with theoretical predictions. Also, the estimated values of parameters in the studied model show that among the indicators reflecting the effects of shadow economy, the effect of shadow economy on energy consumption and money demand is positive and is as expected. 

The results of the analysis showed that increasing military spending to create the necessary infrastructure for the production of military equipment in the country instead of buying it from abroad, while reducing the country's military dependence on the world military powers, creates employmentand economic prosperity, increases national income and reduces unconventional and shady activities. Of course, it should be noted that although military power is a factor in ensuring internal security and reducing external threats, due to budget constraints, unconventional increase in military spending and replacing it with other public sectors spending such as education, health, etc. is an obstacleFor Optimal allocation of income to economic and social investments, which will have adverse consequences. In addition, official exchange rate, income from natural resources, economy openness index, black market exchange rate, government volume and effective tax rate are among the factors affecting shadow economy in Iran, among which the variable of income from natural resources has the most effecton the expansion of shadow economy. shadow economy has also affected energy consumption, money demand and employment, which have a greater impact on employment as a whole than on the other two variables. Therefore it is suggested:1- Organizing a business environment with the aim of directing activities in the field of informal economy to the formal sector of the economy and increasing economic transparency 2- Explaining the effect of military spending on security and life of citizens to motivate tax payments and prevent the spread of shadow economy.3- More control on the budget, especially the military budget to prevent possible abuses. 4-Based on results, increasing liquidity results in inflation which itself brings forth shadow economy. Implementing appropriate monetary policies as well as financial order can prevent inflation and its detrimental consequences.

The present study seeks to identify the dimensions of marketability and design its measurement framework as an important construct in assessing the success of the commercialization ecosystem. Given the lack of a theoretical framework related to marketability in general and the commercialization ecosystem of emerging technologies in a developing country in particular, the definition of an appropriate construct for assessing marketability is pivotal. For this purpose, firstly, it is necessary to identify and build the dimensions of the construct and then validate it according to the actual data. To identify the dimensions of the marketability construct, a thematic analysis method, which is a qualitative method, was used and 14 interviews with the main actors of two commercialization projects were analyzed. The construct assessed and validated using the partial least square assessment model section regarding the survey data obtained from 51 commercialization projects. The research findings showed that the three dimensions of marketability construct including market/industry structure, market size, and market readiness. The quantitative part also showed that the indicators of each dimension have been validated and reliable.

Competition in today's market and stability in this turbulent field, requires proper orientations of companies and organizations. Companies, especially innovative companies, must be able to produce products tailored to environmental and market conditions with the knowledge and information they obtain from customers, markets and competitors to ensure their sustainability in the field of competition. IoT applications are recognized as one of the most important axes of future technology and have attracted considerable attention from the industry. Choosing the entry method is one of the most important and critical strategic decisions for companies that seek to develop and expand their business. Therefore, it is necessary to identify strategically important variables in the type and manner of entering the markets. Business model is a tool through which companies can create new values for their customers and gain some value from innovation. In this research, the business canvas model (canvas) has been used for smart buildings. We intend to examine the design of an interpretive structural model related to the components obtained through IoT market entry strategies (business canvas model) in the building intelligence industry. This research is fundamental in terms of purpose, method of data collection, survey method and nature, combined research (qualitative and quantitative), survey, exploratory, respectively.

Among the three important and influential factors involved in the success of sports teams (i.e. athlete, coach, and spectator), the coach in the role of team leader, as a strong organizer and the basis of any progress, is considered. One of the basic issues in sports is the observance of the ethical principles and having professional ethics by sports coaches as the leaders of the athletes in the sports fields. The aim of this work is to investigate the relationship between the professional ethics of sports coaches and selfefficacy with respect to the mediating role of competence. Introduction Today, coaching, as one of the most difficult jobs in the world, requires extraordinary skills and knowledge in order to train the skilled athletes. One of the reasons for the adjective problem in this profession is that the result of the work of coaches is exposed to the careful and meticulous look of spectators, players, sports managers, journalists, and critics of society (Vogt and Klein, 2020). In this regard, the sports coaches should have the necessary competencies along with appropriate professional ethics for a greater effectiveness and self-efficacy, which have been considered in this work. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between the professional ethics and the coaching self-efficacy with regard to the mediating role of competence of sports coaches in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran.

The present work was an applied and correlational one. It was conducted in 118 football and futsal coaches in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran who had a coaching certificate and were active in various competitions in the province in 1397. The studied sample size was selected to be equal to the population. In total, 111 coaches (94%) completed the questionnaires. The data was collected using the coach competence questionnaire of Montazeri et al. (2018), professional ethics questionnaire of Eidi et al. (2016), and coaching efficiency questionnaire of Myers et al. (2008), and the validity and reliability were confirmed. The data analysis was performed by the partial least squares method, which included evaluation of measurement models (Cronbach's alpha, combined reliability, convergent and divergent validity), structural model fitting (factor load coefficients, significance of path coefficients and determination coefficient, and model forecast index. The SPSS software (version 16) and Smart PLS software (version 2) were used in order to analyze the data.

The results obtained showed that the research work proposed a model that had a good fit. There is a direct and significant relationship between the professional ethics and the self-efficacy of sports coaches. Furthermore, 20.2% of the effect of professional ethics on coaching self-efficacy was indirectly explained by the mediating variable of the coaches' competence. Based on the findings of this work, it can be concluded that the sports coaches’ professional ethics leads to the development of their selfefficacy by increasing their competency. The sport authorities in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran should pay special attention to institutionalizing the professional ethics in order to increase the self-efficacy of the sports coaches.

Nowadays, cities have been widely exposed to the various types of the human hazards and this instability has resulted in their vulnerability. Therefore, in order to make cities resilient, it is necessary to identify these hazards and plan to reduce them and prevent their occurrence. The city of Ardebil is not an exception in this regard and it has been exposed to a variety of these human hazards. With regard to these issues, the purpose of this study is to identify the most important human hazards which are deciding factors in Ardabil's vulnerability. According to the rules of research models and the experts available in the city, 200 participants completed the questionnaire purposefully. The data was analyzed by applying parametric statistical methods. Moreover, in order to analyze the data and to test the hypotheses and the conceptual model, the variance-based structural equation was used (by using partial least squares). The results indicate that all of 11 variables (human hazards) account for the city of Ardabil’s vulnerability (0/781). The high values of t-statistic and path’s coefficient Alpha are related to economic risk factors, diseases and street accidents, respectively. In addition, the results indicate that all of the human hazards discussed in this study (except fire) have significant positive effects on Ardabil’s vulnerability.Therefore, his study makes it clear for managers that they can not only reduce the vulnerability of the city, but also they can make the city resilient by identification and planning of the human hazards and the variables explained them.

the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of strategic human resource management on Innovation Capacity. this research method is descriptive survey experts knowledge -based firms in Bushehr province that 72 experts was selected by simple random sampling. In order to analyse the data SPSS and Smart PLS software were used.
The results showed that knowledge-based firms in Bushehr province in terms of strategic roles of human resources and capacity for innovation and other components are above average and have an acceptable situation. Other findings show that the strategic management of human resources has a positive impact on innovation capacity and the strategic management of human resources through organizational learning impact on innovation capacity as well as.