جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "shiraz city" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

With the increase in the elderly population, it is necessary to check the suitability of various places, including religious places, with the conditions and needs of the elderly. According to the theory of transcendence, which is one of the newest theories of gerontology, during old age, people's spiritual tendencies increase and attendance at religious rituals increases. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the compatibility of the Holy Shrine of Shahcheragh (AS) with the indicators of an elderly-friendly city. The current cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 400 elderly people living in Shiraz city in 2018. The samples were selected using the two-stage cluster sampling method from among the elderly covered by health centers in Shiraz. The information was collected by World Health Organization's Elderly Friendly City Questionnaire (AFCQ) and demographic information questionnaire. The data were analyzed by independent t-tests and hierarchical regression at a significance level of 0.05 by SPSS version 23 software. Based on the results, the score of the whole city of Dostdar Al-Salmand and its six indicators in the Holy Shrine of Hazrat Shahcheragh (AS) was in an average state. Also, the total score and all the indicators (open spaces and public places, safety and ease of traffic, respect and social inclusion and health-treatment) except the index of buildings and social participation had significant differences based on gender.

The purpose of the current research is to examine the model of the influence of the socio-economic base on the social identity of young people. The commonalities and distinctions of these groups are concepts that are created by people. Among these parameters, we can mention dialect and language, nutrition and food, beliefs and religion, clothing and covering, aesthetic tendencies, entertainment, and sports, etc. This research is applied research in terms of its purpose, the current research is classified in the field research group. Also, in terms of time, the current research can be considered a cross-sectional study, which was carried out in 2022. The statistical population of the research includes young people aged 18-30 in one district of Shiraz. The sample size was determined to be 384 people based on the Cochran correlation. Sampling method is available. Sampling method is available. According to the findings of the research, social identity was divided into five components including individual identity, family identity, ethnic identity, national identity, and religious identity. The normality of data distribution was checked using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. In this regard, Smart PLS statistical software was used. Based on the results of the research, people who live in better socio-economic bases will probably have a better understanding of the social and economic conditions of their society, and as a result, they will achieve a better social identity. In addition, people who are faced with a different culture and environment in socioeconomic bases may have a better understanding of cultural and social differences and, as a result, achieve a more diverse social identity.

Urban regenrate means resurgence and urban rebirth, in other words, urban revitalization. In urban regeneration, urban development in the sense of quantitative growth of the physical elements of the city to accommodate the population and improve the quality of life, will occur in the form of urban development plans. The purpose of this article is to analyze the reconstruction of the historical context of the Sang-e Siyah neighborhood of Shiraz, so the scope of research is its texture. This neighborhood has a historical texture and a dense population that is in poor physical condition. This neighborhood has 12 alleys with a population of 13755 people and 13663 residential buildings with an area of 2972 hectares. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. The studied variables in it are building structure, material, number of floors, granulation, building age, permeability, building quality and number of extraction units. In this paper, regeneration indices were analyzed in 6 categories using a questionnaire and sampling of 359 people. To weight the layers in the spatial data, the spatial autocorrelation method in Geoda software was used. Anselin local Morans method in ArcGIS software has also been used to investigate the spatial distribution of prioritizing the regeneration of the texture of the Sang-e Siyah neighborhood. The results show that within the tissue range; 33.63% of 9/9994 hectares is in very low resistance condition.The results of parametric test analysis showed that the highest and lowest means are (Mean = 2.55) in the governance index and (Mean = 3.41) in the planning index, respectively, which indicates an inappropriate situation in the texture of the black stone neighborhood. Keywords: Regeneration, Resilience, Physical tissue, Black stone, ALM-Gis

In today’s cities, a primary objective of the distribution of public land use zones is to achieve spatial justice. The absence of this justice has serious impacts on the nature and structure of the city and eventually leads to class division, which will impose even more challenges on urban management. This descriptive-analytical research aimed to analyze the inequalities in the distribution of public land use zones in Shiraz, Iran, from the spatial justice perspective based on library and field studies with the help of GIS. The distribution of land use zones that accommodate urban services over the study area was analyzed in a comparative fashion. After examining the disparities in the distribution of different types of public land use, it was found that the study area has a better condition in terms of office, tourism and hospitality land uses than in terms of other land uses. Unfortunately, sports, education, and utility land uses were found to be in critical condition. The results showed that in Shiraz, district 1 has the highest public land use per capita and districts 4 and 5 have the worst conditions in this respect. This suggests a lack of order in the spatial distribution of zones, especially in relation to population and land use. Hence, the urban management of this city needs to pay more attention to the disadvantaged districts in order to close the gaps in terms of mentioned criteria.

Today, with the development of urbanization, the green-blue space in urban areas has received wide attention and has become an important symbol of the health of the urban ecosystem. In this context, it is very important to pay attention to ecosystem services in the planning of the sponge city provided by green-blue infrastructure. In this regard, the current research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the role of the sponge city as a green-blue city in improving the ecosystem services of Shiraz city. The results of the content analysis showed that out of the 35 identified components related to the four most important categories of the green-blue infrastructure ecosystem services of the sponge city by the expert team, after ranking it was determined that the component of sustainable water supply (A1) from the subcategory of production services, the component of effective control of runoff Urbanization and reduction of road flooding (D15) and risk management and flood risk (D3) from the sub-group of regulatory services were ranked first to third with acquired scores of 26.25, 25.55 and 24.78, respectively. Also, in the field of green-blue infrastructure support services of Sponge City, the components of preserving, revitalizing and strengthening vegetation (B4) and restoring natural ecosystems (B3) were ranked tenth and eleventh respectively with scores of 19.77 and 19.63. After social-cultural services, the component of communication and better access to nature (C4) was ranked thirteenth with a score of 19.22.

Energy is one of the important and effective indicators in the direction of sustainable urban development; Because sustainable development aims to meet human needs and strives to preserve the environment. Therefore, it is impossible to ignore the relationship and effects of optimal energy management in different parts of the city. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects and factors of reducing energy consumption in the sustainable development of Shiraz city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on field data. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population consists of 1,565,572 citizens of Shiraz. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined to be 384 people. Also, 21 related experts were used for interviews to identify and analyze the factors of reducing energy consumption in Shiraz city. The structural and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed as well as the reliability with Cronbach's alpha above 0. 70. The results show that the factors of reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development include 20 indicators, which are in total through factor analysis in 5 categories including urban body and form (39. 05), expansion of urban public services (21. 25), use Renewable energy (10. 92), improvement of social indicators (8. 55) and climate adaptation (7. 25) were recognized. Also, based on the content analysis, reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development has 12 major effects, which using structural equation modeling, this effect is equal to 0. 76. The modeling results show that the most effective reduction of energy consumption on sustainable urban development is related to the improvement of the consumption pattern with a total effect value of 0. 88, followed by environmental protection with an effect of 0. 85, an increase in urban investment resources with an effect of 0. 83, and consumption Optimum energy in the building sector with a total effect of 0. 82.
Extended Abstract

The formation, maintenance and development of a city based on the sustainable development approach requires various indicators. In fact, due to the nature of integration and correlation of various indicators in the sustainable development approach, one cannot hope for the realization of sustainable development in a city except in the shadow of attention and planning based on various economic, social and environmental indicators. In this regard, one of the indicators that has a wide connection with sustainable development and preservation of the environment and various resources is the energy index. Today, with the expansion of population, urbanization and large industries, a large part of energy is consumed in cities. In many cases, the amount of energy consumption in different parts of the city is more than the standard amount, and this issue has created many challenges. Considering the importance of the subject, exploration in various sectors of sustainable urban development and energy consumption is very important and undeniable.
A large part of the sustainable development of Iranian cities can be realized by reducing energy consumption; Because energy and its optimal consumption play an important role in different parts of the development of cities. This impact can be seen in various fields of services, environmental management, urban traffic, construction management and buildings, etc. In this research, the aim is to identify and then analyze the effects and factors of reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development, which was investigated in the case of Shiraz. The city of Shiraz has a special geographical, service, tourism and industrial position, and its multiple role-playing causes the effects of reducing energy consumption in the development of this city to be known and the related factors to be identified.

The research method is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study included the citizens of Shiraz and experts familiar with the subject. The population of this city was equal to 1565572 people according to the latest statistics available to the researcher and based on the population and housing census of 2015. Based on Cochran's formula, the statistical sample was calculated as 384 people and the sampling method was random. A statistical sample of 21 experts was also selected. Data collection methods are in two forms: library (documents) and field (survey). The tools of data collection were questionnaires and interviews. The interview method has been used to identify the factors of reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development and in order to prepare a questionnaire. The structural and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through the elite community, and reliability was also confirmed with Cronbach's alpha above 0. 70. For analysis, the data are summarized, coded and categorized and finally processed to provide the basis for analyzes and connections between these data in order to answer the questions. SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. Quantitative methods were used to measure and analyze the data, which included structural equation modeling and factor analysis. In the method of structural equations, based on the drawn model based on theoretical foundations, various indicators have been placed in the model and the effectiveness of each of the resilience indicators has been determined.

The measurement of sustainable urban development indicators through the T-Tech test shows that except for a few employment indicators of citizens with a significance level of 0. 222; Access of citizens to technology and technology with a significance level of 0. 071 and participation of citizens in city management with a significance level of 0. 055, other indicators were significant at a level less than 0. 05 and equal to 0. 000. Examining the significance direction according to the average indicates that sustainable development indicators include quality of life (2. 882), youth employment (2. 078), economic efficiency (2. 291), poverty reduction (2. 289), improvement of lifestyle Life and consumption pattern (2/085), participation of citizens in city management (2/752), use of clean energy (solar and. . ) (2/205), prevention of excessive city growth (2/362) Preservation of historical and cultural monuments (2/057), preventing the destruction of the city's environment (1/966), air pollution management (2/151) and appropriate distribution of uses (2/640) are in a weak state and this Indicators need serious planning. Also, the result shows that the three indicators of citizens' access to technology and technology with an average of 3. 114, citizens' access to appropriate education with an average of 3. 323 and access to appropriate medical and health centers with an average of 3. 625 are in an average situation and In fact, compared to other indicators of sustainable development in Shiraz, they have more suitable conditions.
The results show that the factors for reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development included 20 indicators. At the level of variables, the highest factor loading was related to the building density factor with a value of 0. 926. Also, two factors of using intelligent energy consumption control systems with a factor load of 0. 920 and using wind energy with a factor load of 0. 910 are known in the second and third ranks. These 20 indicators in total through factor analysis in 5 categories including urban body and form (39/05), expansion of urban public services (21/25), use of renewable energy (10/92), improvement of social indicators (55) 8. ) and climate adaptation (7. 25) were categorized.
Also, based on the content analysis, reducing energy consumption in sustainable urban development has 12 major effects, which using structural equation modeling, this effect is equal to 0. 76. In total, it can be said that the 12 examined indicators, including the prosperity of production and economic activities, reducing urban pollution, reducing household expenses, improving the quality of urban life, improving the consumption pattern, increasing access to services, reducing greenhouse gases and etc. can be effective in improving sustainable urban development. Examining the effectiveness of 12 indicators in sustainable urban development shows that the total effect value is 0. 76, and in total, the reviewed indicators can explain about 76% of the variance, role-playing and positive effects in the sustainable urban development of Shiraz. According to the results of this model, the most effective is related to the improvement of the consumption pattern with an explanation of 0. 88. The urban environment preservation index has an explanatory power of 0. 85, the increase of investment has an explanatory power of 0. 83, the optimal energy consumption in the building sector has an explanatory power of 0. 82, and the reduction of household expenses also has an explanatory power of 0. 79 in the field of improving sustainable urban development.

 In general, it can be concluded that optimal energy consumption and its reduction can be effective in the sustainable development of Shiraz city, and this influence is realized through different patterns and indicators. Also, the result shows that the effects and factors of reducing energy consumption in various economic, social and environmental dimensions show their effectiveness and therefore affect various dimensions of sustainable urban development. Considering these points, the important role of optimizing energy consumption in the development of Shiraz cannot be ignored. In this regard, it is suggested that 1- local (traditional) patterns should be emphasized in order to reduce energy consumption in the buildings of this city in terms of architecture, form, etc. 2- In order to reduce energy consumption in the building sector and achieve sustainable development, it is suggested Incentive schemes for citizens can be strengthened in order to optimize energy consumption. 3- It is suggested that the costs of reducing the optimal energy consumption should be spent in the urban services sector so that citizens can see the results of their optimal consumption in the energy sector. 4- It is suggested that in order to optimize energy consumption and sustainable development of the city Shiraz, the smart infrastructure sector of this city should be upgraded. 5- It is suggested that suitable financial and credit facilities for citizens to use solar energy should be emphasized and planned. 6- It is suggested that the educational dimension related to energy consumption at the level of Shiraz city neighborhoods and in public places. be explained to the citizens.

Smartening is one of the important approaches of urban development that has been strengthened during the last two decades. Population growth and other developments show the importance of planning and smartening cities. On this basis, the metropolises have emphasized the smart approach in order to overcome some challenges and sustainable management in different sectors. The city of Shiraz, as one of the metropolises of the country, needs planning in line with the development of smart city indicators. Therefore, examining the current situation of this city can help the management and development of this city. In this research, the aim is to investigate the extent to which Shiraz city has smart city indicators. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on field data collection. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The statistical community is formed by experts who are knowledgeable about the subject. Based on the snowball method, 96 experts in three areas of this city completed the questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through the elite society and its reliability was also confirmed using Cronbach's alpha more than 0.74. The result showed that the analysis of the results showed that all smart city indicators including economy, movement, citizen, governance, life and smart environment were significant at a level less than 0.05. Based on the results of the T-Tech test, it was found that the index of smart economy (3.432) and smart citizen (3.149) had an average status and the rest of the indicators were evaluated poorly. Also, based on the results of the Friedman test, the best situation is related to the smart economy index with an average rating of 5.04 and the worst situation is related to the governance index with an average of 1.72. In addition, the results of variance analysis confirmed that there is a significant difference between the regions of Shiraz city in terms of four indicators of movement, governance, life and smart environment at a level of less than 0.05.

The occurrence of anomalies, particularly crime, poses a significant challenge impacting both the appeal of urban public spaces and their environmental characteristics. Therefore, obtaining accurate knowledge about environmental features and devising appropriate planning measures is crucial. This falls within the purview of planners, who are tasked with spatial and behavioral planning, followed by effective management.In this context, the current study aims to comparatively examine the factors influencing criminal behavior in areas with varying levels of safety within Shiraz city. To achieve this objective, the research employs descriptive-analytical and survey methods to collect necessary data, which is subsequently analyzed using T-test and regression analysis. The results reveal that, considering economic, social-cultural, and policing-management indicators, Regions 2 and 6 in Shiraz city exhibit no significant differences. However, when examining physical indicators, a notable distinction between the two regions becomes apparent. Analyzing citizens' opinions underscores the effectiveness and superiority of police-based approaches in addressing crime.Furthermore, a comparison of the physical components of the two regions demonstrates a significant disparity, emphasizing the importance of environmental design approaches alongside legal and policing strategies in areas prone to criminal activities in Shiraz.

Optimal condition of accessibility and rapid, easy, and safe travel to health_ treatment land uses can be performed by the systematic analysis of transportation sub-systems like behavior. Developed countries are in essential need of proper transportation system for better accessibility. This paper aims to develop model, considering mode chains as well as the individual characters. This study benefits the analytic and quantitative research methods in developing mode choice model to evaluate the movement pattern of travel to health care centers in Shiraz central district (district 1). Each mode is the dependent variable whereas the socioeconomic characters are the independent variables. Filled questionnaire and geographical information system is used in collecting data. To generate the model, multinomial logit model was used that shows public transport like metro and bus are not the popular modes in access to hospitals. Movement pattern cognition in accessibility to special urban land uses, has an efficient role in urban policies and planning, which can be generalized and indigenize to healthcare travel behavior in other geographical areas. Results show that car ownership will increased the private car travel rate 8 times according to beta coefficient.. Taxi is the mode which is used in all three travels. People with lowest range of income and education use bus as their mode. Besides metro travel also has significant relation with low level of income and increase the travel rate 9 times.

Starting to apply the principles of passive defense in urban planning with the aim of minimizing the possible possibilities caused by man-made threats has an important place. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to determine the importance of urban medical geomorphology indicators on the vulnerability of the area, to evaluate the city of Shiraz based on these indicators and to identify the vulnerable areas of the city of Shiraz in the environmental conditions of possible man-made hazards. This research is descriptive-analytical and case in terms of methodology. In order to identify the vulnerable areas of Shiraz city, the integrated model of fuzzy hierarchical analysis and weighted measurement is used in the geographic information system. Maps related to vulnerability measurement criteria using fuzzy and ANP fuzzy logic chain analysis method in geographic information system, preparing fuzzy maps using weighted linear combination with combined combination and using the method of weighted ordinal measurement (OWA) The final vulnerability maps of the studied area are prepared. In the following, with the aim of identifying and identifying the acute geomorphological complications in passive defense, in the analysis of this region, the analysis of the territorial system has been used, as well as the analysis of all these complications with the SWOT method and model. The most vulnerable is related to the central area of the city and Koi Waliasr. The effects of geomorphology (elevations and alluvial cones) in the north and west of Shiraz city are more and more important than other effects in passive defense.

Any unwanted and disturbing sound is considered noise pollution Noise pollution is the result of the increase of industries and motor vehicles, and the excessive growth of the population, etc. and it usually disrupts urban activities and functions.The purpose of this research is to stratify and investigate the effectiveness of hospitals in Shiraz city from noise pollution around them.The current research is based on library studies and field surveys in terms of its practical purpose and in terms of its descriptive-analytical nature and data collection method. In this regard, the impact of 8 categories of noise-producing uses of Shiraz city on 40 hospitals of this city was identified and investigated as sound-sensitive activity, and the final noise pollution map of Shiraz city was extracted through the colonial competition algorithm (minimum spanning tree MST) in Matlab 2016 software environment. became. To spatialize the studied indicators in the city of Shiraz, the method (Tracking Analyst Tools) was used in the process of network analysis (Network Analyst Tools) in the ArcGIS software environment. According to the findings of this study, Dena Hospital is the most polluted hospital in terms of noise, and Shahid Mozafari, Dr. Mir, Pars, Alavi, Kasra, Kowsar, Shahid Chamran, Shahid Rajaei, Qutbuddin, Ebne Sina, Shahid Dastgheyb ​​hospitals are in the next ranks. The results indicate that about 60% of the hospitals in Shiraz city are in the spectrum of pollution from moderate to very high pollution in terms of the impact of noise pollution.

Overexploitation of natural resources and the environment during urban development has led to numerous environmental challenges in cities. This study aimed to identify the key criteria for establishing sponge eco-city pavements using environmental technologies and assess the importance and performance of these criteria in Shiraz. The research adopted an applied approach and utilized a descriptive survey method to analyze the importance-performance of environmental technology components in sponge eco-city pavements. Initially, a Delphi study was conducted, involving 30 expert panel members selected through a snowball sampling method. Following multiple sessions, the criteria with the highest scores were identified through an importance-performance analysis. The findings revealed that permeability and cost-effectiveness were the most and least important criteria with values of 3.78 and 3.30, respectively. In terms of performance, load bearing capacity and water storage capacity scored the highest and lowest with values of 3.16 and 3.04, respectively. The importance-performance matrix positioned permeability and water storage capacity in the 1st quarter, stability and load bearing capacity in the 2nd quarter, strengthening the underground ecosystem in the 3rd quarter, and affordability in the 4th quarter. Ultimately, the study emphasized the prioritization of permeability and water storage capacity, which held the highest weights of 2.646 and 2.442, respectively. thus, they should receive primary attention in the development of pavements in Shiraz.

Rapid urbanization, unplanned urban development, and recent climate changes have had detrimental effects on human settlements and the environment. Consequently, adoption of environmental technologies to achieve a balance between environmental protection and mitigation of the adverse impacts of development has gained significant global importance in creating sustainable societies. In response to water challenges and environmental degradation, the concept of the sponge eco-city initially proposed in China holds promise in addressing environmental issues, enhancing human well-being, fostering growth and development, and achieving sustainability within communities. The sponge eco-city emphasizes the integration of environmental considerations into all physical structures within urban spaces, aiming to harmonize city development with the natural environment and advance the principle of sustainability by aligning human and ecological processes in urban settings. In light of this, the present research endeavored to analyze the importance-performance of fundamental environmental technology components in the pavements of the sponge city of Shiraz with an ecological approach. 

This study focused on Shiraz, a prominent city in Iran and the capital of Fars Province. It was an applied research with a descriptive nature, employing a survey method through a questionnaire. The documentary section involved gathering theoretical data related to environmental biotechnology, urban ecological approach, sponge city, etc., from articles, books, statistical reports, and relevant documents. In the field section, a questionnaire was used to collect additional data. The Delphi panel comprised 30 experts, including professors specializing in urban planning and management, crisis management, natural resources, and urban environment. They were selected through the snowball sampling method. The identified criteria were presented to the expert panel. Following multiple sessions, the criteria with the highest scores were analyzed using the importance-performance analysis method. 

The study revealed that the permeability component held the highest importance with a value of 3.78, while the cost-effectiveness component had the lowest importance at 3.30. Regarding performance, the load-bearing capacity component scored the highest at 3.16, whereas the water storage capacity component had the lowest score at 3.04. Additionally, the positioning of each component in the importance-performance matrix indicated that the components of permeability and water storage capacity were situated in the 1st quadrant, signifying high importance but low performance. This presented a significant weakness in Shiraz City system, necessitating immediate attention and implementation of improvement strategies. Sustainability and load-bearing capacity positioned in the 2nd quadrant demonstrated desirable performance in these areas and recommended maintaining and preserving this situation. The component of underground ecosystem enhancement fell in the 3rd quadrant, indicating low importance and low performance and suggesting a relatively negligible role in the system's efficiency and resilience. The component of cost-effectiveness placed in the 4th quadrant, represented nonessential strengths that could be better utilized by reallocating resources to strengthen other components. Ultimately, based on the weighted prioritization, permeability and water storage capacity with the highest values of respectively 2.646 and 2.442 had to be earnestly considered as fundamental priorities for improving the pavement system in Shiraz City.

The findings suggested that the pavements in Shiraz should be constructed or reconstructed based on the principles of sponge eco-city structures. This type of pavement allows rainwater to be stored in the lower layers during rainy days and released as water vapor on sunny days. Essentially, rainwater is stored in an underlying sand layer, creating favorable conditions for the growth of tree roots and microorganisms and leading to the decomposition of absorbed pollutants and enrichment of the ecological system with nutrients, thereby promoting flourishing and diversification of the underground ecosystem and urban biology. Permeable pavement presents a viable alternative to traditional impervious pavements, mitigating adverse environmental impacts across various city areas. Rapid urbanization and unplanned urban development in Shiraz have altered land use patterns, leading to conversion of land into urban construction, expansion of roads, increased impervious surfaces, loss of valuable environmental resources, diminished agricultural lands, reduced and polluted water resources, intensified heat island effect, habitat destruction, and decreased biodiversity. Consequently, decision-making institutions, planners, and urban managers in Shiraz should prioritize the sponge eco-city approach in future development plans as a necessity to address the myriad challenges of urbanization and achieve sustainable development goals.

Every city has environmental, cultural, social and physical characteristics that give identity to cities. The identity characteristics of each city play an undeniable role in developing tourism. The study aims to identify and evaluate the factors of urban identity affecting the tourism development in Shiraz city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and was done in a survey way. The statistical population of the research was 315 tourists, who were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data were collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire. The content method was exerted for the validity of the questionnaire and the Cronbach's alpha method was applied to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, and the alpha coefficient was calculated as 0.872. For data analysis, SPSS software and factor analysis, one-sample t-test, ANOVA and Duncan tests were used. Using factor analysis, 13 urban identity factors affecting tourist attraction and tourism development in Shiraz city were identified. Also, the findings indicated that the two factors of historical monuments of different eras (4.57), and celebrities, mystics and writers (4.42) are the most important factors of urban identity affecting the tourism development in Shiraz city, and urban infrastructure (2.36) had the least impact. Therefore, it is suggested that urban planners emphasize preserving all the historical, cultural, literary, natural and physical identity factors of the city, and by using all the identity factors, try to introduce the city and develop sustainable tourism

Today, urban life has taken a complex form. Many children living in cities face various threats such as violence, insecurity and pollution. They live in spaces that are strictly organized by adults and only for a certain age group; So that most of the children's needs are ignored in it. In this regard, in the present study, we evaluated the safety of a neighborhood park in one area of Shiraz city. The research method is considered to be a cross-sectional research from the point of view of practical purpose and from the aspect of nature and method. There are two types of information gathering methods library (documents) and field (survey). The research tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research based on the 2015 census includes 157,624 citizens living in one district of Shiraz city. Based on Cochran's formula, the statistical sample for the statistical population at the individual level was calculated as 384 people. To analyze the research after the necessary collection, the collected raw data has been entered into SPSS software. The results of the research show that among the four indicators, only the indicators of the type of equipment of children's playgrounds have been evaluated. In other words, the index of the type of equipment of children's play spaces has an average status in region one. Also, the design indicators of children's play spaces, the physical indicators of children's play spaces, and the social indicators of children's play spaces have been evaluated as weak and slightly optimistic.

The resilience approach strengthens tourism against disasters and crises and increases its ability to absorb and reduce changes. Therefore, one of the new practical approaches to continuing tourism development is resilience. Shiraz is one of the essential tourist cities. Since various accidents such as floods and terrorist attacks have occurred in it, which disrupts its tourism development, it needs to use a resilient approach to its tourism development. This research aims to measure Shiraz tourism's internal and external resources, compare it with competitors, and finally provide the necessary strategies with a resilience approach. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. Data collecting was performed using experts’ opinions on several occasions using questionnaires. Regarding validity, the relevant field professor approved the questionnaire, and its reliability is based on Cronbach's alpha test result of 0.915, which indicates high reliability. The independent and dependent variables are resilience and the development of tourism. The statistical population is the city of Shiraz, and the statistical sample is 33 tourism experts (including employees, students, university professors, and business owners) who have been selected with the snowball method. The results indicate that most of the tourism resources of Shiraz with a resilience approach are strategically balanced and close to each other and are similar in weight and strategic proportion. Suitable air and ground transportation infrastructures, high investment of the public and private sectors in the field of tourism in Shiraz, and strong advertisements in the field of attracting tourists are among the most strategic resources of Shiraz. Finally, strategies for developing Shiraz tourism with the resilience approach have been presented.

In recent years, the paradigm of urban management intelligence has become one of the key categories in the field research literature. Meanwhile, according to the latest ranking in 2018, none of the cities in Iran are on the list of the top smart cities in the world. For this reason, in this research, the design of an intelligent organization model for Shiraz Municipality is examined to determine its executive and practical solutions and to determine the components affecting intelligence. This study was performed in a descriptive-analytical manner. The required data were estimated from a sample of 384 citizens living in Shiraz, which was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Structural equation modeling in software environment (AMOS) was used to achieve the research objectives and test the hypotheses. In the first part, confirmatory factor analysis method was used to evaluate the fit of measurement models and in the second part, path analysis method was used to investigate the structural and significant model of relationships between variables. According to the research results, the smart urban environment has a positive effect (0.56) on smart urban management. In other words, with each unit of change in the smart environment, the variable of smart urban management changes by 0.56 units and in the same direction. Regarding the impact of smart organization on smart urban management, smart organization has a positive effect (0.71) and smart governance has a positive effect (0.73) on smart urban management.

Providing suitable housing in terms of safety, comfort and energy efficiency has been considered as the most important human demands, and in this context, the intelligent building system creates ideal conditions in buildings by using the latest technologies. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the position of the indicators affecting smart housing in Shiraz city. The current research is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose. Data collection has been done by two library and field methods. The statistical population of the research is the specialists and experts in the field of housing in Shiraz, and 72 experts were selected as the sample size using the Delphi sampling method. To analyze the data, one-sample t-tests, regression and structural equations were used. The results of the sample T-Tech test show that the index of energy consumption and optimization with the value of 3.12 and the index of hardware and software with the value of 2.75 have the highest and the lowest level of intelligence of residential buildings. . The results of the structural equations show that among the indicators of the technology dimension, the speed of data extraction in the building with a coefficient of 0.411, among the indicators of the energy consumption dimension, cutting off energy and gas in times of danger with a coefficient of (0.641) and in the hard dimension Software, control of equipment with an application with a coefficient of (0.412) have the greatest effect on the intelligence of residential buildings in Shiraz city, and in general, technology and data dimension with a coefficient of 0.502 and hardware dimension with a coefficient of 0.311 in optimal energy consumption and realization of smart building. is a transition In general, the residential buildings of Shiraz city are not in a good condition in terms of smart building, and considering the modern and high-rise residential buildings as well as the old and dilapidated structures, in order to improve the quality of life of the residents and save energy consumption and prevention. From upcoming events, it is necessary for city managers to pay attention to smart technology.

Considering the importance of humans and their interactions with urban spaces, today, there is a human-oriented approach to urban management and the same has led to the creation of many urban spaces. Sidewalks, as one of the most active and youthful aspects of the urban space, are a suitable platform for the presence of pedestrians. As such, this research aims to analyze and classify the existing sidewalks of the sixth and eighth districts of the city of Shiraz based on their physical components (natural and man-made elements), activities and events (recreational, social, religious, everyday activities, etc.) and semantic components (identity and sense of belonging, association). After completing the questionnaires by the sample population, the Kolmograph Smirnov (K_S) statistical technique was used to extract inferential statistics, , and then the acquired data were analyzed in the SPSS software, due to the parametric nature of the data from the One Sample T-Test and the average comparison. The research findings showed that the sidewalks of District 6 (Ostad Shajarian, Kesai, Behesht) have permanent use in terms of spending leisure time and are main space in terms of social interactions, entertainment and sports whereas; the sidewalks of District 8 (Ahmadi, Zandiyeh, around the Karimkhani Citadel) are permanent in terms of economic-social and cultural-religious activities, and in terms of their main function, they include the dominant economic and social elements. With this description, it is necessary to organize and develop these sidewalks according to the users’ motives and relative advantages that would subsequently uplift the satisfaction with respect to this type of urban spaces.

Urban Development requires financing by urban management. Due to the inability to provide capital for urban projects, there is a growing need for private sector investment and the use of banks and institutions in many cities around the world to develop infrastructure. The purpose of this study, in terms of the nature of the application and the target is descriptive, review and prioritize internal and external factors affecting investment and the participation of the private sector in the development of a case in the city of Shiraz. The statistical population of this research included all experts in urban planning and university professors who have specialized studies in the field of urban development, urban housing, and in regional planning. Using the randomly available sampling 30 experts were selected and questioned. A data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that included a list of opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses (59 items). Validity of the questionnaire (formal validity) was verified by the university professors and experts and the reliability of the tool was determined by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.796, which is indicative of the coherence and reliability of the data. In this study, a combination analysis (ANP) was used and SPSS, EXCEL and Super Decision software were used to analyze the information. The results showed that the most suitable strategies for the Attracting Private Sector Involvement in Shiraz Urban Development were strategies WO (0.285), WT (0.246), ST (0.125), and SO (0.122).

This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of nature and descriptive method, it is a survey type using a questionnaire. The statistical population consists of experts and citizens of Shiraz. The findings of the research showed that according to the experts of Shiraz city, among the natural factors; The precipitation factor with weight (0.29) has the most influence and the slope direction factor with weight (0.13) has the least effect and in relation to man-made factors; Land use with a weight of (0.25) had the most impact and worn texture factor with a weight of (0.14) had the least impact on runoff and flooding. Further, the results of the analysis of the dimensions of resilience showed that the average of Shiraz in the social dimension is above the optimal level (3.78) and in other dimensions the average is below the optimal level. According to the output of multivariate regression, in terms of prioritization; Social, institutional, economic and physical indicators are ranked first to fourth with beta coefficient values of 0.20, 0.14, 0.11 and 0.10 respectively. Finally, the results of the identification and selection of modern infrastructure suitable for the management of runoff in this city showed that in the index of landscapes and public open spaces; flood storage method and its protection and in the index of houses and private spaces; Water purification and recycling system compared to other methods were chosen by experts as suitable methods for implementation in Shiraz city.