جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « social symbolism » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

Ismail Shahroudi is one of the capable and community-oriented poets of new Persian poetry. His poetry often takes on the color of social symbolism. He is a humanist poet whose works are full of passion and social excitement, politics, struggle, and human emotions. The purpose of this research, was analysis of Ismail Shahroudi's poetry in terms of the qualities of symbols and their rhetorical and artistic roles in suspending meaning, providing semantic multiplicity, and explaining social and critical issues through a descriptive-analytical method. The research results showed that the use of symbolic images in his poetry based on his thoughts was a way to express and propose the topics and themes that he could not represent directly and clearly. It was a way to enter the problems and demonstrate the pains that the atmosphere of the society and authoritarians did not allow to approach. Shahroudi considered the symbolic approach as a window to seriously and humanely look at social and political issues, plan and explain them, and rebel, protest, and shout against adversity and disorder. He used all kinds of symbols like literary, natural, and historical symbols, etc. He also put them beautifully and consciously at the service of social and political issues. Despite the conventional usage of symbols in many cases to express his critical and protesting thoughts, Shahroudi achieved innovation in creating symbols.

Literature is one of the social affairs that has always been influenced by the political events of its time and is a place to express and reflect those currents. One of the consequences of the rule of tyranny and oppression on society is the approach of poets to symbolic expression. Savareh Ilkhanizadeh is one of the new Kurdish poets in Iranian Kurdistan, who under the influence of the conditions of society and modern Persian poetry and the influence of Nima Yoshij's poetry, in his poetry to socialism and attention to the pains and sufferings of people and committed Knowing himself in the suffocating atmosphere that was the gift of the rule of the age. Some poets in modern Persian poetry used symbolic language to express the problems and aspirations of the people. The rider also had a symbolic language in poetry due to the influence of the prevailing conditions in the society. In this article, by looking at the historical and political situation of the rider's poetic period, he examines the language of the poem "Khawa bardina" We use his poetic symbols and use them to express the problems and ideals of the riding community, and we achieve the important point that the riding is a combination of symbolism and socialism, which are two prominent features of social symbolism. Is a narrator of the historical, political and social events of his time

The concept of social and human commitment in the modern sense has been introduced into contemporary Persian poetry through constitutional literature and the same concept is considered as one of the ways of distinguishing Nima Yooshij's poetry from classical Persian literature. In a sense, Nima is literally a humanist and socialist poet and thinker. Because his poetry is seriously and comprehensively departing from the individuality and enters into social and human realm. There are several fundamental questions regarding this topic that form the basis of this article. 1. Is Nima a humanist and socialist poet? 2. What is the difference between Nima's poetry and classical poetry in content? 3. What are the components of humanism in Nima's poetry? In the present study, which will be done through descriptive-analytical method and content analysis of existing data, we will try to explain the components of humanism and its social role in Nima's poetry. Belief in humanism, rejection of authoritarianism, human agency in social destiny, humanistic view of nature and humanism in social and human symbolism are some of the components of humanism in Nima Yushige's poetry.

In study of trend of modern Persian poetry, social symbolism, along with Iranian innovation and far from superficial adaptation and imitation, appeared for the first time in the poetry of Nima Yoshij. Nima Yoshij, more than being the founder of neo-Persian poetry, should be called a theorizian in New Poetry, which consciously and based on poem poetic, created a field for change in the field of Iranian symbolism. The usage of social symbolism in deep concepts, high capacity of linguistic elements of language,semantic multiplicity according to the nature of Persian poetry and deepening of Persian poetry through symbolic tendencies, are among the factors of Nima Yoshij's conscious and intelligent approach to symbolim. In this research, which has been done by collecting information of library type and data analysis method of quantitative and qualitative type, based on cognition of study of trend, poetic developments of Nima from romanticism to individual symbolism and then social symbolism and the effect of extra-textual texture. It explores social symbolism. In this way, the reflection of culture and thought in the era of Persian poetic modernity on Nima Yoshij's approach to the literary and artistic school and the ritual nature of the new poetry becomes more transparent. None of the new poets following Nima Yoshij, neither poem poetic ,nor the ability in literary theorizing could be equal to him in this field and with this wide range of quantitative and qualitative in the framework of social symbolism, create a poetic system that has remained indigenous .

Literature is a combination of fact and fiction which is uttered in the form of a language. The symbol as the most fathomless literary layer of fiction has been regarded since fore times. Meanwhile, the influence of symbolism, following French literature, on Iranian contemporary literature specifically on poetic works of Mehdi Akhavan-Sales and Ahmad Shamlo is an undeniable fact. With regard to this fact, the present inquiry is meant to assess indiscriminately the creativity power of these two poets in the realm of symbolism. This way enables us to enlighten the controversy among proponents of these two poets and about their places and their levels of poetry. This research reveals their conformity with Nima, and French symbolism, they have poetically depicted their own contemporary political occurrences. Despite the frequency of personal symbols and the type of language on their works (with regard to the applied formal, academic or colloquial languages) which have emphasis on special symbolic images (hyper symbolic) and …, there are also considerable differences between them. It should be noted; symbolization is some part of poets' strength and to evaluate it meticulously we have to ponder other intellectual and lingual capabilities of these two poets. Therefore, with regard to those findings we can utter speeches in favor and priority of one to another.

At the same time contemporary political and social developments, the kind of idea about poets and authoring of events on developments and consequently, reflect this transformation in literature than in the past, fundamental change found."D.r Hamid Shirazi," a contemporary poets ever, the most magnificent social themes in the form of new-ancient poetic images offer Hamid particularly known love in his "beloved tears" and incompatibility and conflict New extremists like Ahmad with the social spirit of his poetry caused him to be kept hidden . This article is intended to reflect some of the political and social concepts in the analysis of his poetry. attack on Shah, defend Azerbaijan, according to the country and the situation of political conflict against Iran Hamidi Shirazi of the major themes of political and social poetry form. Special attention was his home and promote it. Along with the glory of his social poems often incompetent-the leaders of Iran and then mixed with cries of revolt and is seeking And sometimes, especially in homegrown poetry in praise of the former residents of Iran with excitement and epic. His poetic art, at all, in the deep themes in simple terms to deposit his heart.

Pouranamardian is one of the prominent critics and scholars of Iranian literary society, whose poetic aspect has been underestimated. Indeed, under the influence of Nima and his followers, like Shamloo, as well as his own studies on mysticism and symbolic stories, Pouranamardian has a particular tendency to symbolic expression in his poems. Many of these symbols can be placed in the domains of mystical symbols and social or epic ones. The present article tries to study the mystical and social symbolism in the poems of Pournamdarian, considering the context of his detailed research in this field as well as the political and social conditions prevailing at the time of composing his poems. The methodology of the research is based on content analysis; it contains an introduction about symbolism and biography of Pournamdarian. Then, his poetry book, Rahrovan Bi-Bargh (Leafless followers) and the mystical and social symbols in his poems are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the poet's studies on mysticism and thinking about Muslim mystics have been very effective in creating the mystical symbols of his poems. Also, the results show that due to the specific political and social circumstances of the era of the imperial regime and the ruling tyranny (the second Pahlavi era), Pournamdarian turns inevitably to symbolism, and he portrays the crisis-ridden society of his age with a symbolic expression.

The present study aimed at comparing the degree by which the main features of Social Symbolism are presented in the 1330s poems of two well-known poets of this stream, namely, Nimayooshij and Mahdi Akhavansales. The study enjoyed a descriptive-analytic research method and the data were analyzed by means of content analysis adopting a library and document-mining style. The results showed that Nimayooshij’s approach to symbolism, under the influence of European Symbolism, aimed at promoting artistic aspects of poetry. In other words, from the two characterizing aspects of social symbolism, Nimayooshij has paid more attention to its symbolism while Akhavansales has equally heeded the two aspects of social commitment and symbolism. A great part of this difference goes back to their different social outlooks.

The reflection of historical events of the 1330s in Iranian calendar, due to their special importance in Iran’s contemporary history, is one of the issues which have always been considered by intellectuals, scholars and committed poets of that decade. Government's dominance and its widespread repression are the most important reasons for the committed poets of 1330s to use symbolic expressions. While Nima is considered as the pioneer of contemporary symbolists, Mehdi Akhavan Salis, who is one of the committed poets, has greatly put this way of expression into focus of attention. The result of this study shows that he has used public and personal symbols to express the events and to inform the following generations about them. The high frequency of personal symbols in Akhavan Salis’s poems reflects his poetic sense and passion to speak of social problems. The study was carried out through a descriptive method and data was gathered and analyzed by library research.

The present research which falls in the field of comparative literature and is based on the French school aims to study and compare the social poetry of Ahmad Shamlou، a renowned contemporary Iranian poet، and Bertolt Brescht، a German poet، writer and theorist''s famous theater. The two poets looked at social issues through a human perspective and simple language which is reflected in their poetry. This research is fundamentally based on library research and seeking evidence and providing a comparative analysis of eight social concept of man، freedom، justice، patriotism، love، women، oppression and death with case examples in Shamlou’s and Brescht''s poetry and drama، respectively. It is concluded that their works ry express the pain and suffering of human society. The social content of Shamlou’s and Brecht’s works stimulates thought، feeling and the imagination، and wakes up the disillusioned community that is thirsty for concepts like freedom، love، justice، oppression، and similar themes.

The coup d''état of the 28th of Mordad 1332 is the most influential contemporary historical event which has had a great influence on language and minds of the poets. The contemporary poet، Mehdi Akhavan Sales، has depicted this event in his poems. Employing content-analyzing technique، this descriptive-analytical study investigates the reflection of this event in his poems written after the event till 1340. Employing an appropriate rhythm and rhyme، concise sentences، repetition of verbs، using adverbs of frequency and those related to hesitation and doubt، and negative verbs، Mehdi Akhavan Sales، with a symbolic language، and a social approach، depicts the consequences of the fall of Mosadegh''s reign، prison، execution، slaughter، resorting to opium and alcohol، in his poems.

Symbolism is the art of expressing thoughts and emotions indirectly and، in fact، it is an instrument by which some authors use it to give depth to their works and reflect their intellectual and inner affairs and emotional states. Bozorg Alavi، as one of the great contemporary writers، in his stories including Gilemard novel، uses symbol and symbolism repeatedly. Gilemard is a novel with a political – social theme in critical realism style has been written influenced by social symbolism. The author in this article relying on principles of symbolism in various psychological، naturalistic، social and political domains… believes that emergence of social – political symbols of this novel is greater than psychological and naturalistic symbols and using some words and terminologies in symbolic concepts، the writer has depicted hits time social – political symbols. The present article، given this matter and also lack of serious research on discovering and analyzing symbols of this novel، tries to examine the social – political symbols of Gilemard and explain its interpretation and symbolic statements regarding the contextual signs.

As a matter of fact, certain social developments are imposing enough to affect poetry and literature. For instance, the new needs felt by developing societies at the beginning of the 20th century soon manifested themselves in both prose and poetic works of literature.After the Second World War, Iran and Syria, as two countries with a large socio-political background in common, each introduced a poet who employed poetry as a weapon to express social problem: Shamloo in Iran and Maghoudt in Syria. They picked out blank verse as the best poetic genre for their purpose. Their poems are fraught with social images. Even their emotions are more socially-based than individual. Comparatively speaking, the two poets may be found the same with regard to their social attitudes, literary typology, and diction.This article deals with the common social background of the two poets, which is the basic matrix for any comparative analysis in literature. Then it concludes that such social issues as liberty, motherland, humanity, and anti-despotism are the major motifs of these poets.