جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « media » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model for managing the news of large fires in the country. The research method is mixed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes news editors of radio and television during the crisis, spokespersons and agents involved in the management and operations of the Tehran Fire Department, the secretary of the government information council at that time, and communication specialists and media editors during that crisis. have been. In addition, the statistical population related to the quantitative section includes all the news that were published in the media during the two weeks of Plasko crisis (January 30, 2015 to February 13, 2015) and includes more than 100 thousand news. In order to collect samples in the qualitative section, the purposeful sampling method has been used. In-depth interviews were used to collect data in the present research in the qualitative part and in order to take advantage of the opinions and views of experts and practitioners. Also, content analysis and quantitative content analysis methods were used to analyze qualitative and quantitative data. The findings of the present research indicate that the official media have strengths in relation to the crisis that arose in the Plasko incident, such as giving priority to the Plasko incident and highlighting the news in a way, the local-national view of the Plasko incident, the amount of time allocated It was given to the incident and to express the news related to Plasko accident in a simple and unambiguous manner. However, the national media has fundamental weaknesses in relation to the Plasko building incident. Being event-oriented, not presenting the news in the form of a complete news package and being limited to cold pieces of news, giving more value to the news value of novelty, highlighting the "where" and "when" news elements and not paying attention to the "why" and "how" elements. Paying more attention to hard news and not paying attention to soft news, using the tactic of official sources and not relying enough on the use of the news tactic of publishing secret information, a positive orientation towards the Plasko incident and not respecting news neutrality, not highlighting the government, officials, and authorities Judiciary, Tehran Municipality and Parliament and paying less attention to their responsibilities regarding the Plasco incident and less coverage of the government and government bodies in this incident and somehow removing responsibility from them havebeen the most important weaknesses of the news coverage of the Plasco building incident.

This research answers these questions: Who are the influential actors in the field of health communication in Iran and what issues and concerns are controvercial in this area? Joint interviews with groups conducted with relevant members shows that eleven institutions and individuals are involved in the issue as actors. Also, according to the main purpose of the research on the subject, it is around six key controvercial issues. The mutual influence of the actors, the competition of each of the actors towards the goals, the convergence and divergence of the actors and the relationship of the actors with each of the goals have been analyzed using Mactor's theory-method. The findings show that the most important strategic health actors in the field of media are communication Also, according to the competition of communication players, iT engineers, media, future research researchers and health startups are the strongest players respectively. From the point of view, the ratio of actors to goals is also among the goals proposed by the actors, the explanation and evaluation of remote medicine and the explanation of accompanying health evaluation are of greater importance and priority. From the point of view of actors, explaining, evaluating and formulating social criteria is the least important and the last priority. From the perspective of convergence among actors, the strongest convergence in the future of health communication is between the Ministry of Health, medical assistants and future research researchers, and from the perspective of divergence, there is a greater distance between the two goals of explaining companion health assessment and explaining and evaluating remote medicine. This means that these two goals in the future field of health communication are not aligned with each other.

Media, by creating changes in values, beliefs and attitudes, perceptions and images and mindsets of society, provide the ground for persuasion and acceptance and play an important role in all political, economic, social and cultural spheres of the country. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying contingency factors affecting media management. The research is a descriptive and analytical study and has been investigated using documents, books and related internal and external researches. The findings of the study showed that different approaches such as systemic approach, public management approach, management based on ownership and strategic management approach have been presented and implemented for media management, each of which has different limitations and indicates their incorrect and limited understanding of the subject of media management. Limiting media management to media relations and reducing its level to public relations and even lower to advertising management. One of these limitations is the lack of attention to the conditions and frequent changes in the media. Therefore, in this study, the contingency approach was also stated as one of the specific approaches of strategic management, which, considering the characteristics of the media and also the extensive changes in the structure and system of message transmission in the media, is a necessary and important approach in the field of media management. And based on that, it is necessary for media management to have comprehensive and complete plans for different conditions and sudden and rapid changes in the field of media and even political and social conditions. To achieve a contingency approach in the media, contingency factors affecting media management must be identified. The findings showed that these contingency factors can be divided into two categories: organizational and extra-organizational. Also, the results showed that the strategies and strategies of the organization, changing the expectations of employees, advancing information technology or changing technology and the high volume of work are the most important contingency conditions of media management. Also, changing government and tax regulations, public interest in the media and increasing social awareness are the most important extra-organizational factors with a contingency approach.

The purpose of writing this article is the social analysis of the role of the media and the position of gender in sports in the media coverage of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.  This research was conducted using qualitative research method and thematic analysis strategy.  The statistical population is all the contents of Iran Sports newspaper in 1400.  Statistical sampling was purposefully selected, which includes 89 textual data (news, reports, interviews, and articles) in the Iran Sports newspaper.  In the present research, the textual data of Iran Sports newspaper were categorized in three levels of basic themes, organizing themes, and overarching themes in the coding process.  These three levels were shown along with the relationships between them.  The comparison of the results obtained from the analysis of the content of the Iran Sports newspaper during the Olympic period shows that the approach of this newspaper was based on the concepts of "hegemony", "sports metaphors" and "super-reality", but the noteworthy point is the concept of "hegemony".  that the news coverage in this theme has been done for both sexes, with the difference that the news support for women is more about the announcement of infrastructural restrictions for training before being sent to competitions or the lack of facilities or equipment for athletes during competitions and...  While the news coverage for male athletes includes allocating special points and encouraging them for their efforts in the field of competition with their opponents, even when they did not achieve the desired result

The idea of ​​media governance despite the growth and expansion of media in collective and social dimensions has been strengthened to the extent that it is said that in the near future, media and governance in this area will be considered the most challenging issue of the country. Therefore, the necessity of drawing an effective policy framework for dynamic media governance is emphasized. The necessity of raising this issue is also because we know that the media challenges from the enemies of the Islamic Republic of Iran system are increasing day by day, and therefore we need dynamic media governance and policy making in this field. This issue has received more attention due to the idea of ​​media deterrence.In fact, the country of Iran has always been and is the target of attacks by the enemies, due to its religious dimensions and revolutionary inspirational framework; Especially, with the growth of media in collective and social dimensions, the extent of these attacks in this field is more visible. Therefore, with the expansion of the influence of mass and social media, the importance of management in this field is emphasized more. According to such a problem, the importance of deterrence in the field of media is raised. The media governance approach is also emphasized.However, what is being questioned from the perspective of academic and elite studies is what kind of policy framework can be imagined for media governance and also whether the media field is receptive to the concept of governance or not? From another point of view, is it possible to imagine a policy framework and model for media governance, and if so, how is this possible? Also, what challenges will there be in this path? These issue-oriented questions are becoming more frequent due to the fact that a policy framework and model for media governance has not yet been considered. In addition, conceptualization in this field has not been done due to the newness of the field. Therefore, the issue of examining the challenges of drawing a policy model in media governance is considered more. As far as the issue of media governance is raised.With the aim that if the Islamic Republic of Iran is going to experience a favorable media governance in the path of realizing the new Islamic civilization, it should have a policy model in this direction. It is obvious that there are definitely challenges in the way of realizing and formulating this model.Therefore, the purpose of this article is to emphasize the necessity and attention to media governance and examine the threats, requirements and challenges that should be considered in the political path. Therefore, in this article, an attempt has been made to answer the main question, what are the challenges in designing the political model of media governance in the country? In this regard, the qualitative method of in-depth interview and foundational data theory is used to advance the research. In order to further investigate and deepen the issue, as well as to maintain a distance and avoid prejudice, with a set of experts and professors in the field of media policy and management, in the form of an in-depth and open interview, information was obtained on the subject in question, and finally in the form of a method Ground theory was launched; It is obvious that what is meant by grounded theory is the theory derived from the data collected systematically during the research process. In fact, instead of starting the study from a preconceived theory, it is calculated from the analyzed data. The work process was such that after a lot of study and review, and benefiting from the opinions of consultants and experts in the field of media policy, an in-depth interview process was conducted with 12 of the experts; The interview with snowball sampling progressed to the point that after talking with the tenth person, the data reached the saturation stage and the interviewees did not bring up anything new. The theoretical sampling guide is the questions and comparisons that are made during the analysis. and the analysis of interviews with people were revealed and led to the discovery of appropriate categories, characteristics and dimensions. In the grounded theory method, the process of going back and forth between data and their analysis is done continuously and continues until theoretical saturation is reached. Also, before coding, the typed interview text was returned to the interviewee to review and confirm the concepts if they are correct. Also, expert supervision technique was used. Finally, coding was developed in the form of a paradigm model composed of background conditions, causal conditions and intervening conditions, processes and consequences around the central category. Based on the findings of this article, discursive, political, institutional, cultural and elite, legal and emerging phenomena components are among the challenging axes in the field under investigation.in fact, The data obtained from elite opinions indicated that 7 discursive, cultural, legal, scientific and academic, political, institutional and emerging components are known as challenges in the field of designing a political model of media governance. The opinion of the elites was also confirmed that media governance is a multifaceted category that requires the creation of effective media infrastructures and then institutions and finally strengthening the media policy cycle. To achieve this goal, experts have proposed strategies such as: strengthening the media, convergence between media policymakers, and increasing synergy between the media and the public. According to the opinion of the elites, the conditions of the policy cycle in the field of media are related to discourse, meaning and concept, which should be fluidly and purposefully strengthened. In the meantime, if we take advantage of the rich concepts and popular goals such as moving towards a new Islamic civilization, the direction of the media will be more effective and, as a result, the result will be achieved faster. In general, we need a stable and strong media for media governance, and we need good policies to model. We must consider everything that was raised in the mining challenge as a prerequisite for obtaining strong tools and a policy platform so that we can reach the field of conceptualization in the field of governance

The formation of identity happens in all societies, but in the late 20th century, the factors that shape identities increasingly go beyond local borders, so that in the present era, with the significant entry of young people into virtual space and social networks, these networks have many effects. have put on them One of the important aspects that are affected by virtual social networks is personal identity. For this reason, the present research has examined the relationship between the identity of young people and their orientation to topics in Telegram social media. The main question of the research is what role does the use of Telegram social networks have in their personal identity to choose topics in this media among the youth of Tehran? The research method is survey type. The statistical population of the research consists of all the youths of Tehran, of which 326 people were selected and examined in a multi-stage cluster method. The findings of the research showed: Telegram social network users are more interested in social issues and they show less interest in economic issues in the Telegram social network environment. So that the results of multiple regression analysis, identity styles account for 50% of the variance of users' cultural themes, 71% of the variance of social themes, 64% of the variance of political themes, and 61% of the variance of economic themes.

The media, as a source of election information, is one of the main manifestations of a transparent society. On the other hand, transparency in executive and supervisory organizations plays an important role in protecting the votes of the people. In this descriptive-analytical study, while emphasizing that the penalties do not affect the results of elections and restoring the lost public trust, we examine the role of the media in different stages of election and prevention of electoral crimes and violations. Based on the results, it can be said that the media can greatly reduce electoral crimes and violations by increasing the transparency and efficiency of preventive measures and making it difficult or impossible to commit the crimes and violations. It seems that in the Iranian elections, the free role of the media is faced with serious doubts, and this has affected their performance, especially in the prevention of electoral crimes and violations. The root of many of these crimes and violations is the lack of knowledge of the rules and legal procedures related to the elections. The position of the media in Iran is fundamentally weak, even if it try to improve the awareness of citizens.

The primary objective of this study is to compare the cognitive effects of a message on the audience in three formats: video, text, and multimedia. Using quota sampling, we selected 204 participants, including 102 men and 102 women, across different age groups (young, middle-aged, and elderly). Each participant completed a questionnaire divided into two sections, one focusing on knowledge and the other on emotion, immediately after receiving the message.The research findings across all three formats consistently indicate that women experienced higher levels of emotional arousal compared to men when exposed to media messages. Additionally, in terms of knowledge transfer, women consistently outperformed men in all sample groups. Regarding sensory affectivity, encompassing five negative emotions—anger, fear, anxiety, hatred, and pity—the arousal of hatred was consistently higher in all three formats.The results also demonstrated significant correlations between the age group variable and sensitivity levels, as well as between the gender variable and sensitivity levels. Notably, parents were more affected by the messages compared to non-parents. However, there was no significant correlation between sensory and cognitive affectivity and the video format. Interestingly, in both knowledge transfer and emotional motivation, the video format demonstrated the most significant impact compared to the other two formats."

The purpose of the current research is to sociologically investigate the formation of social unrest in Iran in 2023. After the death of Mrs. Mehsa Amini, unrest occurred in Iran, which was different from the protest events of the last decade in terms of origin and base, form and content, as well as scope and extent. The question of the current research is based on what these disturbances are. The hypothesis of the research considers the formation of these social protests in a modern form based on the network society and three types of protest forms: identity, opposition and generality, which are formed in conflict with the ruling patterns. Data collection methodDocumentary, a method of process tracing data analysis, is a type of qualitative research inspired by Alan Thorne's theory of social movements. The findings of the research show that the formation of the social movement of 2023 with the change of the new conditions of the society in the four international, political, economic and social levels through the expansion of social media has led to the change of patterns and attitudes governing the society and its identity is in contrast with the identities of the It is acceptance of the government.

Iran is one of the high-risk lands in terms of natural hazards. Floods can be considered one of the disasters that have caused great damages so far. To manage natural disasters and reduce the damage caused by these events، the media can be used as an intelligent and effective tool. Television، as a public and accessible medium، can play an important role in educating and preventing these crises. The present study aimed to provide solutions to find the educational role of television in flood prevention. The present research process، which has been carried out in a qualitative method، involves in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 20 elites in the field of communications and crisis. The members of the study population in this research were selected by purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The Content analysis method was used for data analyzing. What has been achieved includes; methods of television education before، during and after the flood، barriers to television training inside and outside of the Iran Broadcasting (IRIB)، and the best methods and appropriate forms of education. According to the findings of this research، more media attention to the environment، transparent information and clear accountability of officials and institutions، the requirement for crisis journalism training and preparation of crisis managers and reporters، the need to identify the dimensions of natural crises and providing the solutions to the people، Based on education-entertainment are some other ways of television education in flood condition.

From a social psychology perspective, a citizen, who possesses awareness of their own rights and the rights of society, understands themselves as a member of society, and comprehends the broader societal objectives, has a responsibility to fulfill their obligations towards that society. In the 21st century, citizenship encompasses not only knowledge of one's rights but also the willingness to act independently, ensuring that decisions and behavior consistently reflect moral considerations, social justice, and human dignity. Citizenship encompasses various dimensions, including political, civil, social, environmental, and sustainability. Additionally, the expansion of virtual spaces and media has given rise to new dimensions known as media and digital citizenship within the realm of modern citizenship. An important aspect to consider after discussing the comprehensive dimensions of modern citizenship is that, despite the increasing focus of scientific societies on citizenship education in recent years, it remains challenging to assess the impact of citizenship education without a suitable and comprehensive measurement tool, particularly for Iranian society. A review of available tools from outside of Iran reveals that each tool only addresses a specific aspect of citizenship behaviors. Most of these tools prioritize dimensions, such as attitude, thinking, and knowledge, often neglecting the behavioral dimension. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to construct and validate a citizenship behavior questionnaire that could encompass inclusive and comprehensive dimensions for students. By implementing this validated tool before and after educational interventions, it could be utilized to evaluate citizenship across various domains and assess the effectiveness of educational interventions.

To develop a questionnaire for measuring citizenship behaviors across political, civil, social, environmental, sustainable development, media, and digital dimensions, relevant items were selected from the most suitable existing questionnaires in this field. A comprehensive set of questions was created for each dimension and duplicate items were eliminated. Attitude items were modified to measure behavior and supplementary questions were combined. The resulting questionnaire consisted of 106 items, which were then reviewed by 5 experts in the field to assess content and form validity.The target population for this research comprised students from Isfahan universities during the first half of the academic year 2022-2023. Multi-stage cluster sampling was employed to select the participants. A total of 579 individuals completed the questionnaire, but 22 incomplete responses were excluded from the analysis. Therefore, 557 questionnaires were considered complete and suitable for analysis. A scoring system was established, where a score of 1 represented "never" and a score of 4 represented "always," except for items 30 and 85, which were reverse-scored.

The majority of participants in this study were female students, who were single, with an average age of 22.99 years. Following the criterion of factor load in the revision process, several items were removed from the questionnaire. Specifically, Question 3 from the political section, Question 8 from the civil section, Question 30 from the social section, and Questions 51 and 65 from the environment and sustainable development section were eliminated. Additionally, Item 94 from the media section and Items 71, 80, and 85 from the digital section were removed. In the subsequent step, Item 86 was also excluded.Exploratory factor analysis was then conducted using the Varimax rotation method. The analysis results obtained through Amos software, version 24, indicated the suitability of the questionnaire (CMIN=1035.408, df=318, P=0.000, IFI=0.910, CFI=0.909, TLI=0.886, RMSEA=0.064, and PCLOSE=0.011). The reliability of the questionnaire and its respective dimensions was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, a measure of internal consistency and reliability. The overall Cronbach's alpha for the political dimension was 0.603 with values ranging from 0.567 to 0.654 for its individual dimensions. The civil dimension had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.760, while the social dimension had an overall alpha of 0.862 with values ranging from 0.436 to 0.807 for its dimensions. The environment and sustainable development dimension had an overall alpha of 0.887 with values ranging from 0.505 to 0.796 for its dimensions. The media dimension had an overall alpha of 0.714 with values ranging from 0.385 to 0.615 for its dimensions. Lastly, the digital dimension had an overall alpha of 0.853 with values ranging from 0.699 to 0.806 for its dimensions. To assess convergent validity, 4 questionnaires were administered simultaneously, yielding favorable correlation results. This research aimed to develop and preliminarily validate a comprehensive citizenship questionnaire for students. Based on the results of this questionnaire, which consisted of 6 sections, the dimensions of political citizenship included 6 questions related to participation and persuasion. The civil citizenship section comprised 7 questions. The social citizenship section encompassed 28 questions across 7 dimensions, including dealing with others, considering others, dealing with differences, expressing opinions, compatibility, responsible communication, and critical participation. The environmental citizenship and sustainable development section consisted of 18 questions across 4 dimensions, covering topics, such as purchase and consumption, maintenance, education, and attention to nutrition. The media citizenship section included 13 questions across 3 dimensions, focusing on awareness of representation and its impact on the audience, critical evaluation, and awareness for participation. Lastly, the digital citizenship section comprised 23 questions across 4 dimensions, including ethics and responsibilities, online participation, digital literacy, and learning.
It is hoped that with the utilization of this constructed and introduced questionnaire, it will be possible to assess the state of citizenship behavior and ensure the effectiveness of education in this domain.

The present study aimed to use the statistical method of meta-analysis to review the results of studies on media and lifestyle. In order to perform the meta-analysis method, 28 studies were collected in a time span between 1390 (2011) and 1400 (2021). According to the meta-analysis criteria, 18 of these studies that have examined the relationship between media and lifestyle and published in prestigious domestic scientific journals were selected. Each of these studies has been done quantitatively and with a survey approach and has reliable metrics In reviewing the research findings, first, the assumptions of homogeneity and publication error of selected studies are examined and the findings indicate that the size of the work is not homogeneous and that the publication of selected studies is not biased. The results of this study show that the effect size or impact factor of media use on lifestyle is equal to 0.375, which according to Cohen's interpretive system, is explained in the upward average. In general, the results of this study have shown that the media have a moderate to high impact on lifestyle.

the extensive capabilities of the media in different social dimensions, especially in the field of crime, have turned them into powerful tools for the detection and prevention of crime. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify media factors that are effective in the detection and prevention of crime. Crime is in the process of crime detection.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach and nature of data, which was conducted using thematic content analysis method. The research community, specialized police officers who were related to interaction with the media, and 15 people were selected in a targeted way and continued until theoretical saturation. The research tool was semi-structured interview. Data analysis was done based on thematic analysis method sentence by sentence and basic, organizing and inclusive themes were done using Max Quda software.

Regarding the media factors of crime prevention, four organizing themes including public awareness, public education, surveillance and social control were obtained; Also, in relation to the category of media factors related to crime detection, three organizing themes including news reporting, information gatekeeping and companionship were obtained.

According to the findings of the research, the police can follow a suitable and constructive interactive strategy for the close communication of the crime detection and prevention units with the media by providing timely information and using specialist officers to communicate with the media and to meet the goals of the media. The process of mass determination can be achieved in Tessahil itself.

The rise of identity based movements, pan-nationalism, and immigration along with the expansion of the communicative power of mass media and social networks, has increasingly called the validity of identity forms recognized as nation-states into question. New identity claims arouse doubt on whether are eighteenth-century European frameworks still sufficient to define collective identity as "nation"? The Taliban claim for representing the Afghan people - which has been accompanied by rapid seizures of power since August 2021 - when the primitive group use of modern media to represent its identity and performance is one of the most contemporary examples of this idea. Benedict Anderson believes that nations are "imaginary communities" that are formed around common imagination. In this regard, Dr. Nancy Rivenburg considers the content of the media to be largely a form of collective identity and public perception of the country. This article tries to examine the issue of considering the two mentioned approach, in the conditions of weakening the connection between the borders of the Nation-States with the collective identifications within a country, as a nation, how can the media Occupying by groups such as the Taliban will be effective in creating and spreading new forms of political identity. For this purpose, an interdisciplinary approach in political sciences and communication sciences has been used.

The purpose of the research was conducted to examine the factors affecting political socialization, with an emphasis on social capital and media literacy of the youth of Ahvaz city. This practical research conducted with descriptive-survey method based on mixed approach. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes experts in the fields of sociology and media. who have the necessary experience and knowledge regarding the subject of the research. In the quantitative part, the statistical population includes all the residents of Ahvaz between 18 and 35 years old. According to the census of 2015, the population of the city was 195,832. According to Cochran›s formula, the number of samples is 383 people, and the sampling method in the quantitative part was multi-stage cluster. In order to examine the data in the qualitative part, open and axial coding was used, and in the quantitative part, the method of structural equation modeling was used. The results of structural equation analysis show that social capital affects 49% and media literacy 33% on the political socialization of Ahvaz youth. It can be concluded that social capital and media literacy are among the requirements for the development of socialization, especially political socialization in the young generation, and they provide the basis for political participation and improvement of social behaviors.

New media has opened new perspectives for family members by promoting different patterns of social interaction and providing access to vast information. The presence of new communication technologies, by providing new ond the existing limitations for conducting interviews, criteria were considered for selecting the sample frame. Using purposeful sampling (based on selection criteria) and theory, after semi-structured interviews with 15 samples of parents, thematic saturation was obtained. The findings of this research are 57 non-repetitive and non-overlapping important statements, the following 4 "overall themes" including parents' media capability. "Restrictive Mediation", "Watch Mediation", "Active Mediation", 10 "Subtopics" and 43 "Comprehensive Meaning Units" were obtained. The results showed that parents' media skills include strategies that allow them to Effectively face the media environment and the use of children and teenagers. Due to the types of restrictive, observational and active mediation strategies, in the complex parent-child interactions, many individual background factors have intervened and mediation strategies, with the changes in children's digital behaviors are variable, and dependent on growth and activity. They are in the virtual space. Therefore, the way parents deal with the media space is not limited to a mediation strategy, and parents may use several methods for media intervention. Not only parents influence the child's behavior, but also the child's real behavior or his digital abilities They are influenced in such a way that they adopt their mediation approach according to the activity that the child does.AbstractNew media has opened new perspectives for family members by promoting different patterns of social interaction and providing access to vast information. The presence of new communication technologies, by providing new opportunities for joint activities, has had tremendous effects on the relationships of family members. Is. Investigating mediation and how parents encounter cyberspace not only helps to design new solutions in media education for parents, but also opens up new fields in media studies, especially in the field of family. Children are one of the possibilities of virtual space, limits and boundaries of activity with communication technologies and necessary skills in the media space. The sample of the research was the potential participants from parents in the city of Karaj. Considering the importance of maximum diversity in the research sample and the existing limitations for conducting interviews, criteria were considered for selecting the sample frame. Using purposeful sampling (based on selection criteria) and theory, after semi-structured interviews with 15 samples of parents, thematic saturation was obtained. The findings of this research are 57 non-repetitive and non-overlapping important statements, the following 4 "overall themes" including parents' media capability. "Restrictive Mediation", "Watch Mediation", "Active Mediation", 10 "Subtopics" and 43 "Comprehensive Meaning Units" were obtained. The results showed that parents' media skills include strategies that allow them to Effectively face the media environment and the use of children and teenagers. Due to the types of restrictive, observational and active mediation strategies, in the complex parent-child interactions, many individual background factors have intervened and mediation strategies, with the changes in children's digital behaviors are variable, and dependent on growth and activity. They are in the virtual space. Therefore, the way parents deal with the media space is not limited to a mediation strategy, and parents may use several methods for media intervention. Not only parents influence the child's behavior, but also the child's real behavior or his digital abilities They are influenced in such a way that they adopt their mediation approach according to the activity that the child does.AbstractNew media has opened new perspectives for family members by promoting different patterns of social interaction and providing access to vast information. The presence of new communication technologies, by providing new opportunities for joint activities, has had tremendous effects on the relationships of family members. Is. Investigating mediation and how parents encounter cyberspace not only helps to design new solutions in media education for parents, but also opens up new fields in media studies, especially in the field of family. Children are one of the possibilities of virtual space, limits and boundaries of activity with communication technologies and necessary skills in the media space. The sample of the research was the potential participants from parents in the city of Karaj. Considering the importance of maximum diversity in the research sample and the existing limitations for conducting interviews, criteria were considered for selecting the sample frame. Using purposeful sampling (based on selection criteria) and theory, after semi-structured interviews with 15 samples of parents, thematic saturation was obtained. The findings of this research are 57 non-repetitive and non-overlapping important statements, the following 4 "overall themes" including parents' media capability. "Restrictive Mediation", "Watch Mediation", "Active Mediation", 10 "Subtopics" and 43 "Comprehensive Meaning Units" were obtained. The results showed that parents' media skills include strategies that allow them to Effectively face the media environment and the use of children and teenagers. Due to the types of restrictive, observational and active mediation strategies, in the complex parent-child interactions, many individual background factors have intervened and mediation strategies, with the changes in children's digital behaviors are variable, and dependent on growth and activity. They are in the virtual space. Therefore, the way parents deal with the media space is not limited to a mediation strategy, and parents may use several methods for media intervention. Not only parents influence the child's behavior, but also the child's real behavior or his digital abilities They are influenced in such a way that they adopt their mediation approach according to the activity that the child does.

This research seeks to identify and compare the efficiency indicators of three domestic news agencies in terms of quantitative method and applied purpose. The research method is quantitative-survey and the method of data collection is a researcher-made comprehensive questionnaire. The statistical sample was selected from 92 employees of three news agencies by simple random sampling.Findings and results of the research after conducting analytical tests, descriptive and inferential statistics analysis showed: audience news needs assessment, the most important and most widely used component of news agencies efficiency and meritocracy and maintaining the forces of having a skilled and transparent workforce in news, The least used component of efficiency is three news agencies and based on coefficients and average efficiency ratings: ISNA news agency with the highest scores, first news agency (most efficient), IRNA news agency with average scores, second news agency (more efficient) and ILNA news agency with lower scores, news agency It was ranked third (least efficient).The least used component of efficiency is three news agencies and based on coefficients and average efficiency ratings: ISNA news agency with the highest scores, first news agency (most efficient) ISNA news agency with the highest scores, first news agency (most efficient), IRNA news agency with average scores, second news agency (more efficient) and ILNA news agency with