جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « فقه و حقوق » در نشریات گروه « فقه و حقوق »

Improving the user experience (UX) in online stores is crucial for the success of these platforms. Online retailers strive to align their products and services with the needs and expectations of users, and there are various strategies that can be employed to achieve this goal.One important aspect of UX in online stores is responsive design. By creating websites that adapt to different device sizes, such as desktop and mobile, retailers can provide a seamless browsing experience for users. Additionally, optimizing page loading speed is essential to ensure quick and efficient navigation, as slow-loading pages can lead to frustration and abandonment.Simplifying the purchasing process is another key strategy. By streamlining the steps involved in making a purchase, reducing friction, and making it easy for users to complete transactions, retailers can enhance UX. Clear navigation and effective marketing strategies can guide users to the website, increasing visibility and attracting more potential customers.Communication with users is vital in online stores. Providing channels for live chat support or responsive customer service can address queries and concerns promptly, improving the overall experience. Personalizing the user experience based on individual preferences and behavior patterns creates a more engaging and tailored shopping experience.Advanced search functionality allows users to find products quickly and accurately, enhancing usability. Collecting and utilizing user feedback and reviews helps in identifying areas for improvement and addressing any issues or shortcomings. Comprehensive user guides, tutorials, and tooltips can educate and guide users, ensuring they can navigate the website with ease.Security and privacy are of utmost importance. Implementing robust security measures and respecting user privacy instills trust and confidence in the platform.In summary, improving UX in online stores involves responsive design, optimizing page loading speed, simplifying the purchasing process, guiding users to the website, enhancing communication, personalizing the experience, implementing advanced search functionality, utilizing user feedback, providing user education, and ensuring security and privacy. By implementing these strategies, online retailers can create a user-friendly and engaging environment that fosters customer satisfaction and loyalty.

In the original transactions, the civil law has placed on the genuineness of the parties to the transaction, that is, the parties to the contract must transact with each other in their own name and account. The validity of the transaction depends on having the capacity, and this capacity is meant in addition to the capacity to enjoy and the capacity to implement civil rights and capacity. To carry out the desired transaction, the seller, in addition to having legal growth, is the owner of the seller, and if the seller is an immovable property, the buyer must be Iranian. And on the other hand, representation in jurisprudence is taking a representative in possession and in civil law, representation is a contract by which one of the parties appoints the other party to do something for his representative. In all periods of history and among all nations, from a social point of view, the profession of lawyer has been considered among the noblest, noblest, and most important professions. Gives that the family's honor, property, and their lives are at risk. The lawyer is a guiding light for these people. The lawyer is an independent active element and does not obey anyone or any position. 

The statutes governing the relationship between the lessor and lessee concerning protecting the rights of lessees of commercial properties remain silent in their presupposition of dissipation and detriment. Whereas the legislature has failed to delineate the right to conduct business, trade, and goodwill in the event of loss suffered by a business entity due to accidents or waste caused by the fault of a landlord or third party, henceforth, concerning the aforementioned matter, the prosecutors are not confronted with the principle of the unity of judicial procedure. In order to fill the gap in the legislative-judicial system of Iran, establishing the institution of "real representation" makes it possible to protect property rights in the case of its loss through transferring the rights to the replaced property. The purpose of the ensuing article is to elucidate the legal stance of the real representative entity in safeguarding the rights of the lessee. This article employs a descriptive-analytical methodology that relies on the examination of documents and library data. According to the findings of this study, representation in Iranian law has been established based on personal representation. However instances of real representation can be found in certain jurisprudential and legal documents such as lease agreements, mortgages, endowments, insurances, and the like. The present article undertakes an analysis of the feasibility of achieving real representation in the lessor-lessee relationship. The two fundamental prerequisites for the real representative entity, which safeguards the rights of lessees in the event of commercial premises loss or destruction, as well as contract dissolution, are "the presence of a legitimate right that is subject to decay" and "the ability to transfer the right to the replaced property". These conditions apply to both contractual and legal (compulsory) forms. The aforementioned measure serves to impede the termination of the lease agreement and its resultant consequence, namely, the expulsion of the lessee from the commercial premises.

Goodwill is a right that is realized at the beginning of the lease relationship by paying an amount from the lessee to the lessor and is affected by factors such as the location and size of the building and by creating rights for the lessee, including having the right to extend the lease term. Before the approval of the Landlord and Tenant Law, goodwill was a common and unquestionable custom among the general public, especially prominent businessmen and merchants, and had a very strong guarantee of moral implementation. Goodwill, unlike some jurisprudential concepts such as sale, purchase, lease, and mortgage, is a vague and unclear term, especially for the general public, and researching it and the rulings related to it is appropriate and necessary. In this article, the definition and conditions of goodwill are stated and its jurisprudential and legal documents are reviewed. The information was collected through a library and processed in a descriptive and analytical way. All source and document references are in-text (APE and MLA).

Orientalism is an all-encompassing intellectual current that was formed in the period of the Crusades in order to study, understand and discuss the nature of Islam and has continued until the present day. In recent centuries, orientalists have more seriously studied various aspects of the intellectual, political and social life of Muslims and have written many works in this field. One of the fields of interest of Orientalists is jurisprudence and the fundamentals of law in Islam, in which Orientalists have studied and theorized in a methodical manner. This article has analyzed the opinions of Orientalists such as Goldzihar and Shacht, who have significant views in the field of Islamic jurisprudence and law, with an explanatory and analytical method and by referring to library data. The results of the investigations in this research show that most of the views of this group of orientalists, including the acquisition of Islamic law from Rome or the beginning of Islamic jurisprudence and law at the same time as the expansion of conquests, due to the lack of access to authentic Islamic sources, are presented without careful study or in a biased manner. has been

Among the important jurisprudence rules that are widely followed in jurisprudence is the rule of Suq alMuslimeen. Due to the severe problem of Muslims to do business in Muslim markets and the necessity of observing God's halal and haram and knowing the laws of purity and impurity, it is very important to examine the rule of Souq al-Muslimeen. According to some jurists, the meaning of suq in this rule is a market whose traders are mostly Muslims, but according to some other jurists, it means a market whose ruler is a Muslim. According to this difference of opinion regarding the ruling of the goods available in the Muslim market, there have been several opinions, the famous sayings of which are: Just because the product is available in the Muslim market, it is ruled to be pure and tazkiyyah. The purpose of this research was to express the jurisprudence of this rule and its implementation and application, and to express the principles governing the Muslim market. This is a step in the way of preserving the Muslim market, and anything that harms their trading system is rejected and unacceptable.

What is always referred to as puberty as the beginning of the responsibilities and limitations of the obligated human being is the attainment of a girl and a boy at a certain age; But regardless of its religious basis, puberty is a natural phenomenon with the actualization of sexual talent and reproductive powers. The criterion and rule specified in verse 6 of Surah An-Nisa '. However, many narrations and news have mentioned various signs to interpret this stage of sexual ability and have stated different ages for it. The studies of this research show that the jurisprudential arguments presented to determine age as a criterion of maturity for individuals can be criticized and damaged. At the same time, these arguments contradict the truth of maturity mentioned in the verse. Because attention to maturity in terms of ability and fertility is affected by many factors such as climate and climatic characteristics. That is why in the narrations, various ages have been expressed that have dealt with the subject of the need of the addressee of the word. However, this issue has not been much considered in the fields of jurisprudence and law, and dynamic jurisprudence is expected to have a fundamental review of the issue.

Social phenomena have arisen with the development of previous phenomena. The legal system and political force are none alone accountable for all social realities and the foundations of the law are formed in the main roots of society and law cannot be analyzed separately from society. The issue of the land tenure is the phenomena that occurred in Iran after the Islamic revolution in the field of legislation which is a kind of rush to provide a solution and respond to the expectations of the revolutionary people by relying on jurisprudential and revolutionary views. The last result of the reasonable men to experiences and by jurisprudence for the benefit of some people in society was the new legislation. The challenges facing the fundamentals of the developments of land tenure have been the reason of discussion in many issues and the records of the subject should be reviewed and adapted in order to analyze it by jurisprudential and legal system. These challenges by identifying the foundations of the developments of land tenure are analyzed in this regard and the goal is not merely to discover jurisprudential rules as the basis. This article analyzes the hypothesis of the absolute impact of revolutionary views on expropriation [dispossession] of private ownership and iqta (Arabic: الإقطاع, Romanized: iqṭāʿ, sectorization) of public property. The result obtained in the end is that it shows the influence of revolutionary views along with social, economic and political conditions on the developments of land tenure after the Islamic revolution.

Rituals and cultures, as well as different historical periods, have not enjoyed the same status and rights. The extent of their rights in all societies depends on conditions such as religious, cultural, economic and social relations of each period. Today, the issue of children's rights has received special attention in various legal systems and international regulations. The need to recognize the rights of the child, on the one hand, is rooted in the idea that human justice has a fundamental and central role for him to achieve personal and social happiness, and on the other hand, from the physical and mental weakness and underdevelopment of the child in fulfilling the rights. himself and as a result, his need for support and special care before and after birth arises. These rights have been examined from various aspects and in different branches of law and have legal, social, cultural, political and economic dimensions in the national and international arena. A child means a young person who has not yet grown up and matured. The word baby (if it does not mean child) is also mostly used in the same sense. The term "infant" has a more specific meaning and is simply referred to the infant period of the child. Baby also refers to the period of infancy and shortly after. In Arabic, the words "tifle" and "saghir" are synonyms of "baby", the word "ra'ee" means an infant, and the word "sabi" sometimes means a child and sometimes means an infant. In different legal systems, a child is defined by different criteria. In most of the new legal systems, the definition of a child refers to a person's age, and age is the only factor that distinguishes childhood from adulthood; However, in Islamic jurisprudence and law, the end of childhood refers to the maturity of a person, which means the beginning of a stage of life that, on the one hand, occurs with the emergence of some physical changes, including the flowering of the sexual instinct, preparation for birth and reproduction, and on the other hand, On the other hand, intellectual, perceptive and psychological powers develop. Maturity is the criterion of entering from childhood to adulthood, and age is only one of the indicators of maturity. In this research, we will discuss children's rights in detail from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence and the subject laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

 Man is the only creation of God, who according to his free will, in order to achieve happiness and perfection, he needs a law and a comprehensive plan that can bring him to his goal according to all aspects of his existence. Jurisprudence and ethics constitute a set of laws which are authored by God and he established them according to all dimensions of human existence and his optional actions. Therefore, they have a special importance and position. Regarding the relationship between morality and jurisprudence, three forms can be imagined: the distinction between morality and jurisprudence, the conflict between morality and jurisprudence, and the complementarity of morality and jurisprudence. According to the investigations, the third relationship between these two sciences is true, and the following reasons can be pointed out to prove it: including the fact that ethics is based on the law because it is not possible to purify the inside without correcting the outside, and the fact that ethics has a direct relationship with human beliefs and an indirect relationship with jurisprudence, as well as the mention of moral teachings along with jurisprudence is the best executive guarantee to act on It is jurisprudence. In order to examine the relationship between these two sciences, since there is a need for information about them, first, preliminary mentions regarding the subject, method, and goal of these two sciences have been made, and in the next step, the relationship between these two sciences has been examined. Today, morals and rules are mixed together. Of course, this combination does not mean the complete observance of ethics in politics, but it means the ratio that must exist between the two. Either morals are followed or not. This concern still exists in society today. It can be said that in Islam, it has always been ordered to observe ethics, justice and humanity in matters of rulings, jurisprudence and law

Economic development and political system have reciprocal effects on each other. The present study seeks to investigate the role of economic development in maintaining the Islamic system from a jurisprudential and legal perspective.

The present study is qualitative and theoretical. The method used is also descriptive-analytical and referring to documentary sources including jurisprudential sources.

Economic development in Islam, if based on the revival of the dead and the spread of work culture, the use of charity and the denial of usury, the promotion of endowment and moderation and avoidance of luxury, important legal consequences such as deprivation, poverty alleviation, creation Peaceful relations between the people will lead to the denial of dependence on foreigners, the strengthening of the Islamic system and the establishment of justice.

In the present study, fidelity in the use of resources and accurate referral has been observed.

The model of Islamic economic development that can be achieved in the shadow of economic security, in practice should implement the elimination of deprivation, creating satisfaction among the people, providing services and promoting the economic model of Islam based on the interaction of material and spiritual affairs. In this case, the people are satisfied with the political system and the political system is protected from internal and external threats.