جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « behavioral » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

Trichotillomania is a clinical psychiatric manifestation involving significant hair loss in association with recurrent hair-pulling behavior, the etiology of which is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic and environmental and behavioral contribution to trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) and to relate the findings to contemporary theories about the etiology. This was a descriptive correlational and twins study design. 672 twins (MZ=474; DZ=202) were selected from Iranian twins associations in 2018. The Massachusetts General Hospital Hair-pulling Scale(1995) and the Self-Report of Zygosity were used as research instrument. Twin modeling methods were employed to decompose the variance in the liability trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) into additive genetic and shared and non-shared environmental factors. The data was analyzed by SPSS, STATA and M-plus. Univariate model-fitting analyses showed that genetic factors accounted for approximately 64% of the variance in TTM. The best extracted model for TTM was the DE model. The correlation coefficient results indicated that the correlation rate was 0/61 and 0/31 in MZ and DZ group respectively. It can be concluded that TTM phenotype is the results of a polygenetic. There is no intermediate despite of the dominance effect and it results from a gene-gene interaction or a dominant gene.

The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation based on behavioral and movement training on improving practical functions and reducing boredom in children with developmental coordination disorder. The research was semi-experimental and a pre-test-post-test design was used with a control group. The statistical population of the research includes all female students from the first to the fourth grade of elementary school in Tehran in the academic year of 2014-2014. 30 of the students were A multi-stage cluster was selected for the statistical sample and they were randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The research tools included the developmental coordination disorder screening questionnaire of 2007 and Politir et al. The experimental group was subjected to intervention in 10 sessions and each session lasted for 60 minutes. To measure the effectiveness of the intervention, analysis of covariance was used at a significance level of 0.01 and SPSS26 software was used. In the post-test phase, the difference in the average scores of practical functions and boredom in the experimental and control groups is significant (p<0.01) and cognitive rehabilitation based on behavioral and motor training leads to the improvement of practical functions and reduction of boredom in children with coordination disorder. It grows. The use of cognitive rehabilitation based on behavioral and movement training in order to improve practical functions and reduce boredom in children with developmental coordination disorder is an effective method in rehabilitation centers and elementary schools for children.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the status of entrepreneurial university indicators in Islamic Azad University as a case study in Tehran. This research is applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of method. The statistical population of the study includes faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, among whom 283 were selected by random sampling according to Cochran's formula. In order to collect quantitative data, the researchers developed a researcher-made questionnaire based on theoretical and experimental studies. The "content validity" method was used to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire and also Cronbach's alpha was used to assess its reliability. To judge the desirability of the levels of each of the entrepreneurial university indicators of the faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Standard Spectrum Assessment of Bazargan et al has been used. The results showed that the general situation of entrepreneurial university indicators in the University of Tehran is relatively favorable. Based on the one-sample t-test, the tendency of the presented answers tends to be less than average. Therefore, Islamic Azad University has the characteristics of an entrepreneurial university at a low level. According to the results obtained from Friedman rank test, among the dimensions of the entrepreneurial university, the environmental-contextual dimension has the most and the process dimension has the least impact on the development of the Islamic Azad University as an entrepreneurial university. Therefore, due to the great importance of entrepreneurship in development of countries and higher education systems, it is suggested that, like other universities in developed countries, the existence of an entrepreneurship center with a scientific and coherent structure be considered in the evaluation process of Islamic Azad Universities and also, its activity should be monitored as one of the evaluation criteria of the university.

The purpose of this study was to compare the cognitive processing speed, problem solving / planning, and behavioral/emotional organization in students with reading disorder with normal students. The method of this study was causal-comparative research. The statistical population of the study included all primary school pupils in Tabriz. The research sample consisted of 30 male students with reading disorders and 30 normal students from the third grade who were selected by the purposive sampling method. For data gathering, Connerchr('39')s neuropsychological test was used. Data were analyzed using MANOVA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between students with the reading disorder and normal students in problem-solving and cognitive processing (p<0/01), and there was no significant difference for the behavioral/emotional organization variable (p>0/01). Based on this, it can be concluded that students with the reading disorder in problem-solving / planning and cognitive processing are poorer than normal students, and intervention in these variables helps to improve reading disorders.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of brain/behavioral systems and temperament and character in predicting psychopathy in students with conduct disorder. This study was correlational and the sample consisted of 600 high school students during the 2016-2017 academic year who were enrolled in high schools in Ardabil and were selected through cluster random sampling. Then, among these participants, 105 students who had a cut-off point on the conduct disorder scale of more than 70 were selected. Finally, the data of 97 participants who had completely answered the questionnaires were entered into SPSS, Ver. 21. To collect data, questionnaires of Conduct Disorder Questionnaire developed by Shahrivari et al., Psychopathy of Lynam et al., Brain/Behavioral Systems Inventory of White and Carver, and the Temperament and Character Inventory of Cloninger were used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the psychopathy has positive correlation with components of novelty seeking and BAS (p < .01) but it has negative correlation with components of harm avoidance, self-directiveness, cooperativeness and BIS (p < .01). The results of regression showed that novelty seeking, temperament, and BAS can predict the psychopathy in students with conduct disorder. It seems that in students with conduct disorder symptoms, the more active the activation system is, the more those cases are looking for innovation and risk.

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of psycho-motor relaxation in the Silva method on Behavioral Activation / Inhibition Systems in patients who sufferred from generalized anxiety disorder. This research is a pre-test and post-test type with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients who suffer from generalized anxiety disorder referred to counseling centers in Tehran during the first six months of 2018. Patients were assessed with a generalized anxiety disorder scale, then, thirty of them were selected by available sampling according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned to two experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The experimental group received Silva-based psycho-motor relaxation therapy in 8 sessions of 90 minutes (two sessions per week); the control group was on the waiting list for two months. Behavioral activation / inhibition systems scale was used in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant difference in mean scores of behavioral activation / inhibition systems after controlling for pre-test effect. Overall, according to the results of the study, it can be said that Silva-based psycho-motor relaxation has an effect on behavioral activation and reduction of behavioral inhibition in patients who sufferred from generalized anxiety disorder.

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the three therapeutic effects of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) in reducing anxiety in patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Method was quasi-experimental with three experimental groups, one control group and pre-test, post-test and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population was 486 patients referred to Kerman Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital in 2018. 60 men were selected in purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to four groups of 15. In group 1, six 45-minute sessions of Shapiro solo EMDR (2014) were performed. In group 2 six 60-minute sessions of group CBT of Dugas & Robichaud (2007) were performed. And in group 3 six 60-minute sessions solo EFT of Church (2014) were performed. All the Four groups completed the Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg & Jacobs's Anxiety Inventory (1983) in three stages. Data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance.

Results in group 1showed that at the level of 99% confidence, state anxiety (F = 42.36) and trait (F = 12.66), in group 2, state anxiety (F = 5.38) and trait and in group 3, state anxiety (F = 15.23) and trait (F = 18.50) were reduced. This effect remained stable at follow-up stage. In addition, among the three methods, EMDR was more effective on state anxiety than the other two interventions (P= 0.015).

Since, all the three methods can improve behavioral strategies by influencing irrational thoughts and emotion release, they are effective ways to reduce anxiety in PTSD patients.

Poor caregiver in children associate with severs behavioral and emotional problems. Current study investigates the effectiveness of art therapy on externalized and internalized problems in children with poor caregiver. This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre and post- tests. The 21 subjects were selected from two family canters in Tehran. They were assigned randomly to the control and experimental groups. Art therapy was conducted with the experimental group during 10 sessions (90 min for each session per week) and the control group did not receive any interventions. Then the Child behavior checklist questionnaire (Achenbach) was administered at post-test and pretest in two groups. Statistical analysis was conducted by using the analysis of variance. The results of analysis of covariance showed that there is a significant decrease in internalizing problems including; irritability, anxiety/depression, isolation and physical symptoms, and externalizing problems such as; aggression in experimental groups (p<0.05). Regarding the findings of present research, it seems that art therapy can be utilized as an effective and efficient therapeutic intervention to diminish the behavioral and emotional problems in children with poor caregiver.

T Happiness is a state of life that is a happy and satisfied person with no depression and anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the interpersonal and emotional problems and behavioral problems in predicting happiness in Elementary school was done. This is a descriptive correlational study. The study population consisted of all students, male and female high school smart schools in Semnan province is among the students a sample of 232 students (155 girls and 77 boys), cluster sampling were selected randomly and scale of happiness Oxford, interpersonal problems and the scale of strengths and weaknesses completed. Data using the Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression and analyzed with software SPSS-16. The results showed that emotional problems, social learning problems (subscale of strengths and weaknesses), apathy, unsociable, and self-abuse (in a scale of interpersonal problems), there is a significant negative correlation with happiness. The results of the regression analysis showed that emotional problems, problems with peers, and behavioral problems, respectively, significantly lower happiness in the students predict. It seems, strengthening effective interpersonal relationships with peers and learning to manage emotions in the face of problems associated with the strengthening of happiness and well-being of students.

The study purpose was to determine the psychometric properties of the motivational structure questionnaire in adolescents.

Research method was correlational and the statistical population included all female and male adolescents from second secondary education in Tehran's 22nd district to 177000 people in the 2016-2017 academic year among whom based on Comrey & Lee (2016) suggestion 426 were selected using multi-stage sampling method. In the first stage, three direction, the north, center and south of Tehran map, in the second stage, three regions, 1, 5 and 18 of each direction and in the last stage of each region randomly Shahid Motahari and Somayeh High Schools from District 1, Shahid Amoyan and Ayin Tarbiat from District 5 and Shahid Mofeghian and Farzanegan from 18 District were selected. The research tool was the Personal Concerns Inventory by Cox & Klinger (2004). After removal of 6 distortion questionnaires and 2 outliers, 418 student data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis.

The results showed that fitness indices of confirmatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor fitness indicators with the exception of the Chi-squared which was equal to 357.58 in 0.001 significant level, support the pattern of two components of adaptive and non-adaptive motivational structures and Cronbach's alpha coefficients for adaptive and non-adaptive motivational structures is respectively 0.73 and 0.77.

According to the results, the motivational structure scale has appropriate validity and reliability, and it can be used to measure the motivational structure of students, as well as to prevent and detect cognitive, emotional and behavioral damages in schools.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural intelligence on academic entrepreneurship to present a model. This research was applied in terms of purpose, which was done by descriptive survey method. The statistical population included 638 faculty members of Islamic Azad university branches of Golestan province. The sample was done using stratified random sampling method according to the degree of the university unit and the sample size was calculated 240 people using Cochran's formula. Data collection tools were a researcher-made university entrepreneurship questionnaire and the cultural intelligence questionnaire of Ang and colleagues with a reliability of 0.71 and 0.83. The validity of the questionnaires was reviewed and confirmed by experts. One-sample t-test, structural equations were used to analyze the data. The results showed that cultural intelligence was in good condition. The study of the status of the dimensions of cultural intelligence showed that the metacognitive and behavioral dimension of cultural intelligence is moderate and the cognitive dimension and motivational dimension of cultural intelligence is above average and in general, cultural intelligence is above average. Also, the results of structural equations showed that cultural intelligence has an effect on academic entrepreneurship.

Aim: The aim was to determine effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy based on body image on sexual satisfaction and marital adjustment of infertile women.
Method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and follow-up with control group and statistical population was infertile women referred to 26 infertility treatment centers in Tehran in 2017 who, according to body multidimensional questionnaire’s Cash (1994) were dissatisfied with their body image. 30 infertile woman were selected using a two stage cluster sampling method and were placed randomly in two experimental and control groups. In this way, two centers namely, Hilal Ahmar Rooyesh and Khatam Ol-Anbiya were selected and participants were randomly selected from these centers and completed two questionnaires Larsson's (1976) Sexual Satisfaction Scale and Spinner's (1998) Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy based on body image, based on previous research by Cash and Strachan (2002) and Rosen, Saltzberg and Srebnik (1998) was implemented in experimental group once a week in nine sessions of 90 minutes duration. Data was analyzed using analysis of mixed variance with repeated measures.
Results showed significant difference between experimental and control groups in increased sexual satisfaction (F= 6.173, P= 0.019) and marital adjustment (F= 4.768, P= 0.039) scores in posttest and two month follow-up.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy of body image leads to self-confidence in sexual relationships and improves sexual satisfaction and marital adjustment of infertile women. This may occur as a result of modifying negative beliefs about physical appearance and replacing them with positive thoughts.

Spouses who use relational self-regulation have happier and more stable relationships than the others and the role of this component is much more important than other relational skills. The purpose of this paper is to study the validity, reliability and factor structure of Persian version of Behavioral Self-Regulation for Effective Relationships Scale (BSRERS) in Iranian couples, by descriptive and correlational method and its relationship with marital quality’. The participants were all couples living in Sanandaj, whose children were enrolled in elementary schools in the academic year of 2016. Using randomized cluster sampling, 832 people (416 couples) were selected among the parents who were willing to cooperate. First, the questionnaire was returned in Persian language. To obtain a detailed picture of a guideline study on 40 couples from the research community. In this study, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.77 and 0.71, respectively for two factors of the questionnaire (relational self-regulation and relational activity). Participants completed BSRERS, Locke-Wallace Short Marital-Adjustment Test (LWSMAT), Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS), and Affective Style Questionnaire (ASQ). Using confirmatory factor analysis of a two-factor model (relationship self-regulation and relational activity), questionnaire was fitted with the two factor structure suggested by scale constructors. The reliability of relational self-regulation factor and relational activities was estimated by Cronbach’s Alpha, Guttmann method and Split-half Spearman-Brown's Split-. In order to study of gender and the relationship of relational self-regulation aspects among couples, a structural model was used. The results showed that there’s a significant relationship between relational activities with the aspects of marital quality (p

Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of training integrative behavioral-systems couple therapy on psychological wellbeing of maladaptive couples.
The present study was applied in case of purpose and quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group, follow-up design in case of method. The statistical population of the study included all the couples referred to Siavashan, AvayeMehr, Kamran consultation centers and specialized neuropsychological center in the city of Tehran in 2015.24 couples (48 people) of the clients of these centers were selected through available sampling method and they were randomly put into experimental and control groups in order to do the study. The research instrument included Riff’s (1967) 84-question psychological wellbeing questionnaire. Before administering training intervention, both group members were assessed through pretest and then 10 sessions of therapy design (once a week) were implemented. After finishing therapy sessions, posttest and two-month follow-up stages were administered. The collected data were analyzed via mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni follow-up test via SPSS 24 software.
Finding: The data analysis results showed that behavioral-systems couple therapy has led to the significant increase in the mean score of experimental group couples at posttest and follow-up stages (p Considering the lowness of maladaptive couples psychological wellbeing, according to the findings of the present study, behavioral-systems couple therapy can be employed to improve their psychological wellbeing.

Game therapy has a positive effect on the on the cognitive regulation of excitement, reduction of stress and depression in children. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of game therapy with a cognitive-behavioral approach on the regulation of excitement, anxiety and depression in children with type-1 diabetes.
This is a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. 18 diabetic children who received a high score after performing a test of excitement cognitive regulation and a low score after the implementation of cognitive regulation test of anxiety and depression were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (9 each).
Data was analyzed using statistical method of covariance analysis. The results of the study show that game-based therapy with a cognitive-behavioral approach is a useful strategy for reducing anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.
According to the findings of this study, game-based cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in reducing anxiety and depression in children.

Parenting stress affects children as a source of pressure. Involvement of parents in coping therapy designed to help their children¡ can reduce these negative outcomes. The aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy of coping therapy in reducing parenting stress and behavioral-emotional problems in children. To do so¡ The Parenting Stress Index (PSI) was administered on a sample of 200 mothers. Then 51 of those who scored highest in PSI were cho-sen and randomly assigned to the two experiment-tal (N=26) and control (N=25) groups. Both groups completed the Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaire. Quantative data were analyzed using pretest-posttest¡ correlation coefficient¡ and multiple covariance analyses. Results indicated that after intervention¡ mothers in the experi-mental group showed lower level of stress¡ as compared to mothers in control group. Children of mothers in experimental group showed less behavioral problems than children of mothers in the control group.

The present study was to investigating the role of theory of mind and empathy in predicting behavioral-emotional problems in students from typical and divorce families that done the cause-comparison and correlation method.
The subjects were 293 of the girl students of fifth and sixth grades Which were selected by multi-stage cluttering sampling method. The tools are three questionnaires: theory of mind, empathy, and Child Behavior Checklist. For analyzing the data, multiple regression method, multi variable variance analysis test and Fisher’s Z-test formula has been used.
Findings: The results show that the theory of mind is capable to predict behavioral-emotional problems in students from typical families, but not those of the students from divorce families. No meaningful relationship has been observed between the empathy capability and behavioral-emotional problems from none of the two groups of students. Results also show students from divorce families demonstrate more behavioral-emotional problems. Comparing the correlation between the theory of mind and empathy with behavioral-emotional problems in students shows that the correlations gained from the two groups show no meaningful statistical difference.

Aim: life’s quality is a broad term that encompasses all aspects of a person's current life. Reduction life’s quality can have a lot of problems for people. For this reason, the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of couple therapy combining cognitive-behavioral and Structural upon life’s quality of couples who are divorcing.
This study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and nonequivalent control group. The study's sample composed of all couples having conflicting referring to family counseling center of Sanandaj Justice in 1391. 32 Person of couples conflicting were selected by random sampling in both experimental and control groups (each group of 16 Person). The instrument of data collecting was life’s quality Questionnaire of World Health Organization(WHOQOL-BREF).. Couples of experimental group received 10 sessions cognitive-behavioral and structural therapy. The data were analyzed by using covariance multivariate analysis .
Findings: Results showed that combining couple therapy could have increase life’s quality and its aspects in experimental group in compare to control group (p≤0/05, F=3/554).
Results of this study have emphasized the role and effect of couple therapy combining cognitive-behavioral with structural on life’s quality of couples divorcing.

Aim: The aim of research was to ascertain the effectiveness of stress management based on cognitive- behavioral method on impulsivity and mental health of addicted people.
The method of research was quasiexperimental whit pre-test, post-test with control group and statistical society was 200 addicted people who were under methadone maintenance therapy in Aryana Teb clinic of in 2014. Through of them 20 addicted were selected by available sampling model and were randomly put into 10 individuals in experimental group and 10 individuals in control group. The impulsivity inventory of Barratt, 2004 and depression, anxiety and stress scale of Lovibond & Lovibond (1995) at first, the end and two month after the end of therapy in follow- up stage were completed by participants and stress management training based on cognitive- behavioral method of Antony, Lechner, Kazi & Wimberly (2007) during 10 sessions of 90- minutes in 2 times in a week was held for experimental group.
The results showed significant difference in two experimental and control group profiles in impulsivity (F = 4.58, P Whereas stress management training based on cognitive- behavioral method by using of techniques such as; relaxation, cognitive restructuring and anger management can increase mental health and reduce impulsivity of addicted people, so using of it is suggested as a therapeutic effective method.