جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "بیومکانیک" در نشریات گروه "تربیت بدنی"

In recent years, advancements in information technology, such as wireless EMG, high-resolution cameras, programs like OpenSim, innovations in textile sensors, and the emergence of artificial intelligence and smart mobile devices, have provided biomechanists with new tools and approaches. This study aims to investigate emerging trends in sports biomechanics, summarizing and providing practical insights from research conducted between 2015 and 2023.

A systematic search of research articles on new biomechanics approaches published between 2015 and 2023 was conducted. Specialized databases were queried, and 47 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis.

Analysis of the selected studies revealed that the integration of information technology, artificial intelligence, smartphones, software, and wearable medical sensors in sports biomechanics has shown promising results in enhancing performance and reducing injury risks.

The findings of this study suggest that advancements in sports biomechanics technologies are pushing the boundaries of current research. Continued exploration and application of these technologies will likely shape the future of sports science and performance.

Biomechanics is the knowledge that shows what forces enter the motion system of the human body and how it causes human movement. Therefore, the aim of this Meta-Analysis study was to review the studies conducted in the field of the effects of training on sand surface on biomechanics and physical fitness factors of human body during translational motions. The current study was a library and systematic review, the search for articles in Persian and Latin was from the beginning of the year 2000 to the end of 2023, which was done in the specialized databases of PubMed, WOS, Scopus, ISC and Google Scholar search engine. 568 related articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using random-effects models. The findings of eight articles indicated the improvement of mucle activity during training on sand. Examining the findings of one article indicated positive effects of kinematic variabls during training on sand. A number of two articles also reported that the reduction of the ground reaction forces and impact shock. In addition, five articles reported the improvement of sports performance in athletes, the increase of physical fitness factors. In general, training on sand surface can have significant positive effects on people's daily and sport life. Further study is warranted.

Football players and their coaches are constantly thinking about improving the performance and quality of football for their fans. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the use and role of training tools and specialized exercises in enhancing the performance of football players and to review the results, analyses, and suggestions from various studies in the field of football biomechanics and performance enhancement.

Articles were searched through electronic sources in Persian specialized databases: Google Scholar, Magiran, Civilica, Irandoc, SID, ISC and in English databases: Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. The keywords for the search included biomechanics, football, performance enhancement, and their synonyms, which were searched in both Persian and English.

After reviewing the entire text of the articles, a total of 87 articles were evaluated and studied in three areas, including the use of different training tools and exercises to improve performance, as well as the analysis and suggestions resulting from research in football biomechanics and performance improvement.

The findings showed that performance improvement in soccer players is achieved through the use of training tools and specific exercises. Plyometric exercises and theraband stretches improve proprioception and the strength of the ankle joint muscles in soccer players. An increase in technical skills is observed in small-sided games, leading to higher ball possession rates. The FIFA +11 program has a significant impact on the speed, dribbling speed, shot accuracy, agility, and vertical jump of soccer players.

Wearable sensors offer non-invasive, portable, and generally convenient ways to monitor sports training. This systematic review aims to present current evidence on using wearable sensors in sports for athletes.

IArticles published in English before May 2020 were searched in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO databases. Titles, abstracts, and keywords were probed with a search string including terms related to wearable sensors and sports. In addition to providing insight into how performance is achieved, these sensors also provide detailed kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic information. Wearable sensors such as inertial sensors and electromyography are the most suitable from this point of view.

Advances have been dramatic as sensors have become smaller, more precise, and capable of measuring more accurate data. Force plates measure the ground reaction forces that an athlete exerts while running, jumping, or landing. This information is critical in preventing injuries and understanding how different movement patterns affect performance. Strength platforms can also assess balance and stability, helping to develop injury prevention protocols and rehabilitation programs.

Reviewing the literature, inertial sensors are the most commonly used to evaluate athletes' performance. However, electromyography may also be used. Even though a wide range of sports was examined in the studies, running was the dominant sport evaluated. Therefore, researchers, athletes, and coaches find it helpful to understand current sports performance assessment technologies.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the auditory external intervention on support leg movement patterns and shooting skills of elite futsal players.

21 elite futsal players aged 21.8 ± 2.6 years based on inclusion criteria were selected. Selected lower limb kinematics and shooting skills were evaluated with and without auditory external intervention conditions. The lower limb kinematic, ball velocity, and the ball entered position to the goal, recorded by a three-dimensional motion analysis. To compare the participant's performance between baseline and verbal external intervention, we used the measure repeated method for data analysis.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between baseline position and auditory external intervention at the initial contact of hip and knee angles and Peak knee abduction moments (p <.001).

In general, it seems that providing a cognitive load during a shooting task, could significantly change the biomechanics of the support leg that may predispose participants to injury conditions.

Sports injuries are an inevitable part of sports activities. Therefore, investigating the causes and prevention strategies of these injuries is a crucial matter. Considering the importance of the effect sports injuries on peoples lives and overshadowing all their activities in daily life and sport's professional life, it is highly recommended to prevent injuries and reduce the time of being away from training and competitions in elite badminton players. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review researches related to badminton injuries in order to draw a practical and comprehensive conclusion from the previously conducted studies in the field.

In this study, we reviewed researches conducted on badminton injuries between 2000-2021. Articles were searched in specific databases and 32 articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition, PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of the articles.

The results showed that amateur players had a higher incidence of injuries than the professional ones and those occurred during training were higher compared to those of competition. The prevalence of acute and mild injuries is higher than chronic and moderate ones. In addition, overuse injuries are more common in the knee and shoulder. Based on the level of competition it was found that the prevalence of injury in national and world competitions is more common, due to trauma and overuse, in the lower- back, knees and shoulders respectively. Moreover, most soft tissue injuries such as ankle sprain is commonly experienced by amateur players in training and practice. The comparison of the upper and lower extremity injuries demonstrated that the highest prevalence of injuries in the upper limbs is related to the wrists, shoulders, and lower- back, and the prevalence of injuries in the shoulder joint is less than the lower- back. In the lower extremity, ankle and knee are more predisposed to injury respectively.

Drawing on this research, the occurrence of injury in badminton apparently goes back to numerous factors. In this study, the causes and factors of injury in this sport are mentioned. To reduce the incidence of injuries caused by badminton, it is necessary to take all these factors into consideration.

Objective:

 Genu valgum and genu varum are considered as the most common abnormalities of the knee joint in the lower extremity. Identifying of the mentioned abnormalities in the early stages of life can prevent the occurrence of later problems in the physical condition of a person's life. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the kinematic pattern of knee joint flexion in healthy children and genu valgum and genu varum children during jumping.

Methods :

This study, 45 students in three groups (15 genu varum, 15 genu valgum and 15 healthy participated in the present study. Students performed long jump skills in front of a camcorder and measured information about the knee joint in three phases: take off, flight, and landing, using KINOVEA software. Data normality was investigated using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Mann- Whitney as well as kruskal-wallis nonparametric tests were employed for future analysis (P<0.05).

Results:

 There was a significant difference between healthy genu valgum and genu varum groups at take-off phase. No significant difference was observed between all three groups in the two other phases.

Conclusion:

 In genu valgum and genu varum groups the quadriceps muscles are affected to create dynamic stability in the frontal and sagittal planes.

One of the most important issues in community is health and progress people. Because of durability of a community depends on health each person. In this regard, the present study aims to compare anthropometric, biomechanical and psychological factors between university student and student girls done. Subjects of the study were 86 girls 15-17 years old and 113 university student 18-24 years old, took part randomly in this study. Measure anthropometric, biomechanical characteristic also psychological characteristics including general health (GHQ-28) and personality (NEO-FFI) were measured. The result of independent t-test showed that between percent fat and lean body mass, static balance and muscular endurance and all of the general health factors, there are significant differences between the two groups. In generally the subjects are in the border abdominal obesity and high risks associated health them. Doing prevention programs are essential. One of the most important proceedings for this group doing of physical activity and fitness and have a regular exercise program.

Knowledge of the relationship between performance and range of motion, helping to design training programs, comply of individual with the needs of children is, therefore, The aim of research the relationship between some of the lower extremity range of motion and biomechanical parameters of the boys was performed. Hundred students in this study were randomly selected. After measuring the range of motion of lower extremity, test speed, power, balance and agility of the subjects were recorded. By descriptive statistics to determine the mean and standard deviation of the method of multiple correlations to assess the relationship between the selected range of motion and biomechanical parameters of subjects were used. Hip flexion by speed, hip abduction and knee flexion by balance and hip flexion, hyper adduction and ankle dorsi flexion significant positive correlation by the agility, the rate of hip and knee flexion by power a significant negative correlation and with other lower extremity range motion parameters showed a significant positive association. According to the research findings, seem to be characteristics of the children lower extremity range of motion and identify performance indicators for various athletic field, can be used.

Despite the importance of talent for sports, but it has yet received little attention. The purpose of this study was to present a pattern design for talent identification in  karate based on artificial intelligence algorithms. Subjects divided to adolescent elite karate athletes (n = 19) and non-karate athletes adolescent (n=20) by convenience sampling. Besed on previous literature, we selected and measured biomechanical and anthropometric variables. The normal distribution of all data was analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test. Principal component Analysis (PCA) was performed to reduce the number of variables and identify the most important anthropometric and biomechanical variables. Then, for modeling, the neural network algorithm was used with three input layer (10 neurons), middle (7 neurons) and output (2 neurons). The results showed the most important anthropometric variables of adolescent elite karate athletes were thoracic subcutaneous fat, height, jump, static balance, grip strength, chest circumference, ankle circumference, abdominal subcutaneous fat and apparent length leg respectively. Also, percentage of correct classification and sensitive of data was high and 87% and 85% respectively. According to the results of this study, this method can be used for talent karate athletes along with other methods.

 This study aimed to Compare parametric indices of anthropometric and biomechanical characteristics of female basketball, volleyball, and handball players.

 This research is purposive comparative-descriptive study. A total of 100 female students (35 handball players, 37 volleyball players, and 28 basketball players) participated in this study. The normality of the data distribution was examined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The Mean±SD and percentage rank to describe the information, multiple correlation coefficient to reduce the overlapping data, and analysis of the main components of the data to determine the leading indicators of anthropometric and biomechanical characteristics of female handball, volleyball, and basketball players and ANOVA was used to compare the corresponding leading indices in different age groups.

 Ten parameters for female handball and volleyball players and nine parameters for female basketball players were highlighted as the leading indicators. Head width, leg length, ankle width, scapular fat for basketball and handball players, biceps and weight for handball and volleyball players, abdominal fat, leg length for volleyball and basketball players, and height introduced as the leading common indicators among all groups of players. The results related to the variance extracted in each of the main components of anthropometric features after rotation showed that the main parameters related to anthropometric characteristics in female handball players are: height, weight, knee-to-ground height, head width, Head circumference, waist circumference, leg length, ankle width, scapular fat, and biceps fat; in female volleyball players are: height, weight, trunk width at the navel, sitting pelvis width, elbow circumference, knee circumference, foot arc circumference, leg length, biceps fat, triceps fat; in female basketball players are: height, elbow circumference, head width, trunk circumference at chest level, trunk circumference at navel level, leg length, ankle width, scapular fat, and abdominal fat; and in players of the three groups of athletes are: height, knee-to-ground height, elbow circumference, head circumference, waist circumference, trunk circumference at chest level, scapular fat and maximum forearm circumference.

 The height is the leading standard index between different female handball, volleyball, and basketball players. Most of the anthropometric characteristics are various, related to the type of sport. Also, the biomechanical characteristics vary according to the unique skills in each discipline. In some sports, the biomechanical factors vary due to the features of the common sport and the design of specific training programs. Every sport needs to evaluate and study the anthropometric and biomechanical aspects of individuals.

The childhood is an important period for implementing intervention in order to prevent sport injury. Core stability training is one of them. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks of core stability training on biomechanics of single - leg jump-landing task in active children between 10 to 12 years. 27 children were divided into experimental and control groups. Kinematic and kinetic variables, including ankle angles in sagittal and frontal planes, loading rates, and the maximum vertical ground reaction force, were measured using the motion analysis and force plate. The results show that kinetic variables in the experimental group have a significant change, but no significant change was observed in the ankle kinematics. Regarding the results, it seems that core stability exercises have a positive effect on some of the biomechanical risk factors of jump-landing of immature children.