جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « nitric oxide » در نشریات گروه « تربیت بدنی »

was to investigate the impact of plyometric training and beetroot extract supplementation on anaerobic power, nitric oxide (NO), blood lactate, and pH following high intensity anaerobic exercise in football players.

40 elite football players from Tabriz in 2023 were voluntarily divided into four groups (n=10 each): plyometrics, beetroot extract, plyometrics combined with beetroot extract, and a control group receiving a placebo. Plyometric training was conducted over six weeks, with two sessions per week. Participants in the supplement groups received beetroot juice twice daily or a placebo equivalent to 1ml of beetroot juice per kilogram of body weight. Brachial vein blood samples were taken to measure blood lactate, pH, and NO using the ELISA method. The RAST test was utilized to measure anaerobic power indices (peak, minimum, and average power, as well as fatigue index). Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance for factorial time series and Bonferroni's post hoc test.

The findings revealed that six weeks of plyometric training and beetroot extract supplementation led to decreased blood pH, fatigue index, and perceived pressure (p<0.05). Plyometric training also resulted in decreased blood lactate (p<0.05), while beetroot extract supplementation did not have a significant effect on blood lactate (p > 0.05). Additionally, the combination of six weeks of plyometric training with beetroot extract supplementation increased anaerobic capacity and blood NO (p < 0.05).

Plyometric training and beetroot extract supplementation maybe effectively enhance anaerobic power and physical performance in soccer players.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the acute effects of blood flow restriction (BFR), static (SS) and dynamic (DS) stretching during rest between sets of a resistance session on serum levels of growth hormone (GH), lactic acid (LA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels in men.

Twenty-eight healthy men with at least one year of regular resistance training (age: 22.28±1 years, BMI: 23.72±1 kg/m2, and fat percentage: 13.15±0.6%) participated in this study voluntarily and were randomly divided into 4 groups: blood flow restriction (BFR,30% 1RM) Static-Stretching (SS, 75% 1RM), Dynamic-Stretching (DS, 75% 1RM) and traditional resistance exercise (TRE, 75% 1RM). Resistance exercise (unilateral front knee extension on the machine) included 1 set of 30 repetition plus 3 sets of 15 repetitions for BFR and 4 sets of 15 repetitions for other groups. For BFR and other groups respectively 90 sec and 60 sec rest intervals implemented. The SS and DS groups performed static stretching on the same leg immediately after each set for 60 seconds. Serum levels of growth hormone, lactate, and nitric oxide were measured before and immediately after exercise sessions.

All four types of activities significantly increased GH, LA, and NO immediately after exercise (P=0.001). But no significant differences were observed between conditions.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that incorporating different stretching methods (SS or DS) or utilizing BFR during rest intervals, at least for one exercise in a unilateral condition, does not provide any additional benefits compared to inactive rest intervals in the traditional resistance exercise method.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease whose first stages can begin in childhood. Obesity is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis, which is becoming an epidemic. The increase in prevalence of obesity has focused more attention on the relationship between obesity and atherosclerosis, and although the relationship between obesity and atherosclerosis has been widely reported, its potential mechanisms still need to be further elucidated. Salusins are a new class of bioactive peptides that play an important role as endogenous regulators of atherosclerosis process. Obesity is associated with a chronic inflammatory response characterized by abnormal adipokine production and activation of some pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Past studies have shown that inflammatory process has a cause and effect relationship with obesity and cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. Also, arterial endothelial disorder is an early disorder in process of atherosclerosis, and presence of this disorder in obese children has been widely reported. The most important potential factor that will lead to obesity, inflammatory conditions and endothelial dysfunction is immobility. On the other hand, physical activity has wide health benefits and is considered as an important factor in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the current research seeks to investigate the role of physical activity in improving endogenous regulators of atherosclerosis in obese and sedentary children.

Chronic inflammation as an integral part of cardiovascular disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-intensive aerobic workout caffeine-beetroot supplementation on indicators related to vascular function including endothelial selectin (E-SELECTIN), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in elite  endurance runners.

In this experimental study, 10 elite male runners (age: 27.5±3.8 y, height: 176.7±7.8 cm, BMI: 22.3±1.5 kg/m2 and VO2max 52.2±4.6 ml/kg/min, were selected and with a double-blind, counterbalance, crossover and randomized design, were participated into three short-term conditions with 2 week washout. 1: high dose (9.6 mmol nitrate and 400 mg caffeine), 2: low dose (4.8 and 200) and 3: placebo. Subjects consumed 250cc of the supplement twice daily. Aerobic exercise included 5-km high intensity indoor running.

intervention, conditions and time effects with MANOVA repeated measures and bonferroni statistical analysis tests showed that the short term beetroot-caffeine supplementation (intervention effect) had no significant effect on E-SELECTIN and GDF-15, but decreased TNF-α (p=0.038). Also, that increased the GDF-15 (p=0.024), TNF-α (p=0.0001) and E-SELECTIN (p=0.047) and the supplementation after seven days (time effect) decreased the levels of TNF-α (p=0.033), GDF-15 (p=0.021) and E-SELECTIN (p=0.004) following exercise. 

an increase in the variables after exercise and decrease after seven days of the supplementation, indicates that may improves cardiac dysfunction caused by intensive aerobic exercise.

Red beet juice is a rich source of nitrate. Nitric oxide has the ability to stimulate vasodilation; Which increases blood flow to the muscle. Due to the involvement of aerobic and anaerobic systems in karate, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of red beet juice on aerobic and anaerobic power of karate girls.

For this purpose, 10 club-level female karate players in the black belt category, two and three, were voluntarily studied in a cross-sectional, randomized, double-blind study. Subjects arrived at the gym at 7:30 a.m. and rested for 90 minutes after consuming red beetroot juice (100 ml) or placebo (blueberry juice) and taking the test at 9:00 a.m. First, 10 minutes of dynamic warm-up including walking and stretching movements were performed, then 4×9 test, RAST test and finally karate aerobic test was performed. In this aerobic test, the subjects guarded the punching bag consecutively. They were moving like a real combat during the recovery. The test ended when the subject was no longer able to continue the blows. In this case, the time was kept constant and the obtained number was recorded as fatigue time and test stage. Three minutes of active rest were determined between each test. After one week, the groups of subjects were transferred and the mentioned tests were performed again. Statistical analysis was reported using paired t-test and SPSS software version 26.

The results showed that with consumption of red beet juice compared to placebo maximum power (P = 0.014), minimum power (P = 0.025), average power (P = 0.011), fatigue index (P = 0.022) and Speed drop index (P = 0.020) improved significantly in RAST test. There was also a significant decrease in agility test time (P = 0.039). But there was no significant difference in karate specific aerobic test (P = 0.099) and perceived exertion (P = 0.685).

According to the results of the present study, consumption of red beet juice is effective in anaerobic performance and agility of karateka. But the amount of change in aerobic performance in the special karate test was not significant. Therefore, according to the results, it seems that consuming red beet juice can be useful for these athletes.

Endothelial dysfunction is the fastest symptom of vascular dysfunction in obese individuals also the onset of pre-hypertension development and along with lipid profiles can lead to dangerous cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of eight weeks circuit resistance training (CRT) on some endothelial markers, blood pressure and lipid profiles in pre-hypertensive obese women.

For this purpose, 24 pre-hypertensive obese women (age 44.73 ± 4.43 years, body max index 32.39 ± 3.8kg/m2, systolic blood pressure 13.21 ± 0.61 and diastolic 8.65 ± 0.33 mmHg) were randomly assigned to CRT and Control groups. CRT group performed circuit resistance training for eight weeks, three sessions per week and each session was 50 to 60 minutes. Resistance movements performs in the form of three circles and nine stations, including four upper body movements (chest press, lateral pull down, seated cable row, biceps cable curl) and three lower body movements (leg press, seated leg extension, leg curl), and two core-body movements (crunch and back extension) with 12-15 repetitions, which according to the recommendations of the American Heart Association was 40% 1RM for upper body and 60% 1RM for lower body movements. Control group didn’t have any training activities during the intervention. Blood pressure, anthropometric measurements and blood samples were collected 48 hours before the intervention and 48 hours after the last training session.

The results showed that eight weeks of circuit resistance training can significantly reduce body fat percentage (P = 0.005), waist to hip ratio (P = 0.043), systolic (P = 0.001) and diastolic (P = 0.002) blood pressure and triglycerides (P = 0.043) and significantly increase nitric oxide levels (P= 0.008).

It seems that eight weeks of CRT can decrease blood pressure by decline some lipid profile and also increase in nitric oxide levels by increase in capillary network in active muscles, and vascular flexibility.

Migraine as a one of the most common types of high frequency headaches has a significant impact on people's living conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8-weeks of yoga exercises on migraine headache induces serum levels of serotonin and nitric oxide in women with migraine.

In this quasi-experimental study, 30 female (age: 36±3.2 years) with migraine were randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experimental group performed yoga training for 8 weeks (5 days/60 min session). Indicators included frequency of headache, duration of migraine, pain intensity (by questionnaire) and quality of life (HIT-6) were measured at pretest and posttest and blood samples were taken 48 hours before and 4 days after the last secession of exercise program in fasting state. The ANCOVA test used to examine changes in between groups.

Yoga exercise significantly reduced headache severity (P=0.002), number of headaches (P=0.006), headache duration (P=0.041) and increased quality of life (P=0.001) and nitric oxide levels in the experimental group compared to the control group significantly, but there was no significant change in serotonin levels (P≥0.05).

Eight weeks Vinyasa yoga exercises as a complementary method of life style appear to have a positive effect on improving migraine symptoms and enhancing quality of life in people with migraine.

Vascular endothelial cells play an important role in regulating vascular activity by producing vascular active substances such as endothelin-1 and nitric oxide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the response of plasma endothelin and nitric oxide to a session of aerobic exercise with restricted blood flow in active girls. A quasi-experimental trial study was conducted as pretest and posttest. The statistical population consisted of healthy and active young women in Islamshahr, aged between 20 and 25. The sample consisted of 16 healthy and active girls who were divided into two groups of aerobic exercise with and without blood flow restriction. The blood flow restriction group with a cuff and 100 mmHg pressure and the other group with no cuffs performed the activity with the speed of 5-7 km / h on a treadmill with 60% maximal heart rate. Blood samples were collected 15 minutes and 2 hours after the activity ended. Independent t test results showed that plasma endothelin-1 concentration significantly increased in no blood flow restriction group; this increase was significantly different from the blood flow restriction group (P=0.0001). The results of independent t test showed that nitric oxide concentration was significantly higher in blood flow restriction group than the other group (P=0.0001). Aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction improves vascular endothelial function by increasing the nitric oxide secretion and possibly decreasing the function of endothelial-1 receptors.

Fish is an anti-inflammatory agent that different studies showed its effectiveness on reducing inflammation and improving performance, but its effect on peripheral fatigue mediators is not well understood. Therefore, present study performed in order to investigate the role of fish oil supplementation on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). For this purpose, 20 healthy students (age: 26.90±2.64 yrs, weight: 78.33±10.42 kg, height: 175.80±4.89 cm, body fat percent: 18.40±5.46%) were voluntarily participated in this study and assigned into control (corn oil) and experimental (fish oil) groups. Participants consumed fish oil for 4-weeks and their response to Bruce exhausting protocol investigated before and after supplementation. In each testing session, blood samples were taken before, immediately after and after 20-min recovery. In addition, ELISA method was used to analyze blood samples. All statistical analysis performed using SPSS software and level of significant defined as P<0.05. Our results showed significant decrease in baseline values of TNF-α and significant increase in baseline values of NO (P<0.05). In addition, two-way ANOVA results showed significant differences between groups after supplementation in changes of TNF-α after recovery (F=7.38, P=0.015) and changes of NO after exercise (F=5.64, P=0.034) and recovery (F=8.83, P=0.011). However, no changes observed in the case of ROS. These results showed that fish oil supplementation can reduce baseline inflammation and thus, increase baseline NO that can improve anti-oxidant capacity. However, TNF-α response to recovery increased that seems to be highly affected by increase in post-supplementation baseline. In addition, NO responses to exercise decreased that is maybe because of the lower physiological pressure of activity.

Citrulline malate (CM) is an increasingly common dietary supplement that is thought to enhance exercise performance by increasing nitric oxide production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short term use of CM supplement on NO, blood lactate, sport performance, LDH and CK in 8 healthy trained men. In a semi-experimental study, a group of 8 people randomly selected, and after attending in the first session to measure anthropometry characteristics and basic performance factors, participated in three sessions of placebo (8g dexterose) and then three sessions of supplement (8g CM). placebo or supplement was taken 60 minute before intervention sessions. Blood samples were taken in three phase, before the 4th session and after 2nd and 3rd sessions. Exercise performance factors were measured by pushup, cooper and rast tests. At the end, data were analyzed by repeated measure test as well as the follow-up Bonfroni test, at a significance level of 0/05. Results showed that acute CM supplementation compared to placebo, significantly reduced CK response to exercise (ϼ=0/041), increased NO response to exercise (ϼ=0/006), increased average anaerobic power (ϼ=0/037) and increased muscular endurance (ϼ=0/005). nevertheless, acute CM supplementation compared to placebo, didn't have a significant effect on LDH and lactate response to exercise (ϼ=1), maximal anaerobic power (ϼ=0/13) and aerobic endurance (ϼ=0/08). Acute CM supplementation may improve anaerobic performance, muscle performance, vasodilation and decrease muscle damage.

Blood pressure is affected by various factors including activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on blood pressure, nitric oxide and apelin in women with pre-hypertension.

Twenty-four women aged 30-45 years with pre-hypertension were randomly divided in two groups: aerobic and control. Aerobic exercise was performed three times a week for eight weeks, This means that subjects the first week for 30 minutes at 50% heart rate reserve, the second and third weeks respectively were 35 and 40 minutes with a 50% intensity, Fourth week 40 minutes and intensity 55%, and 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th weeks run For a period 45 minutes with 55% heart rate reserve. Blood pressure measurement and blood sampling were performed one day before the first and 48 hours after the last exercise. Apelin and nitric oxide levels were measured using commercial kits by ELISA method. Statistical analysis of data was performed using independent and dependent t-test at a significant level (p <0.05).

After 8 weeks of aerobic activity, the levels of apelin and nitric oxide increased significantly in the training group (p <0.05). If the blood pressure level decreased significantly (p <0.05).

8 weeks of aerobic training can be beneficial for people with pre- hypertension by increasing nitric oxide and apelin levels and lowering blood pressure.

Even though endothelial dysfunction and reduction of nitric oxide are considered to be responsible for postmenopausal hypertension, the underlying mechanisms are not yet to be fully recognized. Adropin has been shown to play a key role in this regard. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of combined training on adropin, serum nitric oxide as well as blood pressure in hypertensive postmenopausal women. For this purpose, 20 postmenopausal women with satge-1 hypertension were randomly divided into two groups: training and control. The training group participated in combined exercise (walking with a moderate intensity of 60-70% of maximum heart rate (HRmax)) and resistance training with an intensity of 10 repetitions maximum (equivalent to 70% of 1RM) 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected before and after training intervention. Adropin concentration was measured by sandwich ELISA method and serum nitric oxide was measured by calorimetric method. Dependent and independent t tests were used to analyze and compare the differences within groups and between groups respectively.The significance level was set as α<0.05. The results indicated thatadropin and serum NO levels significantly increased in the training group compared with the control group (P=0.000). Furthermore, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly lower in the training group compared with the control group (P=0.000).In conclusion,it seems that combined training contributes to the reduction of blood pressure in postmenopausal women through an increase in serum adropin and nitric oxide.

Adropin is a peptide hormone and nitric oxide is a non-persistent messenger molecule that is involved in metabolic diseases such as obesity and hypertension. The purpose of this study, effact of eight weeks of practice HIT and MICT on Adropin, Nitric Oxide (NO) and Blood pressure in obese boys. In this quasi-experimental study, 54 obese young boys were randomly selected and homogeneously divided into three groups with a HIIT (Weight 11/51±99/09 kg), MICT (Weight 19/11±99/09 kg) and control (Weight 19/01±1/44kg). subjects performed HIT and MICT exercise sessions for 0 weeks and 3 sessions per week. HIIT with a severity of 11 to 119 MHR and MICT included 51-minute running with a 51-149 MHR. The control group during the study period did not participate in any exercise program. Blood samples were taken in fasting state, 45 hours prior to start and 50 hours after the last training session with underlying conditions, and Adropin and NO values were measured by ELISA method using human kits and Systole and diastolic levels by the barometric device.

The results showed that Adropin serum levels and No in HIIT and MICT groups had a significant increase(p≤.0.0). Also, pre-test and post-test changes in Adropin serum levels and No were significant in the HIIT and MICT group compared to control(p≤.0.0). Also, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) levels decreased significantly in intra-group and inter-group studies(p≤.0.0). HIIT and MICT exercises with this intensity and volume can be effective in reducing cytolytic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as increasing serum adropin as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and hypertension in Obese young boys.

The structure and function of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) changes significantly during aging and results in decrease of physical performance and sarcopenia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of endurance training and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS(inhibition on skeletal muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchR) in old rats. Endogenous NO production was blocked by two administering NG-nitro-L- arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) dosages (25 and 100 mg-1.kg-1.day-1) solved in drinking water. Forty eight old male Wistar rats (20 months) were randomly divided into six groups: control, LNAME25, LNAME100, endurance training with LNAME25, endurance training with LNAME100 and training. LNAME treatment began 48 hrs before exercise protocol and continued until the last day. Endurance training groups were exercised on treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 times a week and 60 minutes a day at velocity up to 28 m/min. Forty eight hours after last session of exercise training, animals were anesthetized and soleus and Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) were removed. Western Blotting analysis revealed that training increased nAchR level (P0.05) and nNOS inhibition decreased it (P0.05) compared to the control group. Our data showed that training groups which received LNAME (25 and 100 mg-1/kg-1/day-1), nAchR level increased significantly (P0.05) compare to control group. Our data suggested that daily endurance training could increase nAchR level even in rats which received LNAME and NO signaling has a role in regulation of nAchR level. In general, daily training could be a suitable route to reduce sarcopenia in aged population.

Aim: The aim of the present investigation is evaluate the effect of L- Arginine supplements on the oxidative and nitrosative stress in liver of rats following acute exercise on a treadmill.
Thirty two male Vistar rats (160-210 g) were randomly divided into four groups: control (C); L-Arg treatment (Arg); exhaustive exercise (E); and exhaustive exercise with L-Arg treatment (E Arg). E and Eʸ groups performed a 1 hour acute running test, or until exhaustion on a treadmill (16-26 m/min) and Arg and Eʸ groups treated orally with the L-Arg (2% diet, for 30 days). Sampling was performed 1 hour after exercise. Nitric oxide production was evaluated by measuring nitrite formation, using Griess reagent. oxidant-Antioxidant’s ratio was measured as TOS/ TAC levels.
According to the means of the oxidant-antioxidant’s balance (E)=0.91±0.12, (SCʸ)=0.92 0.04 and (Eʸ)=0.91±0.09, TOS/TAC decreased in (E), (SCʸ) and (Eʸ) groups compared with control group (SC); however, this decrease was not significant. And the results showed nitric oxide in (SC) group (mean=9.01 6.31 ) was more than other groups, but there was no significant change in there.
The results of the present study didn’t show existence of oxidative-nitrosative stress and supplementation effect in muscle 1 h after acute exercise.

Chronic inflammation is an integral part of cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure was found to be associated with endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endurance training and Galbanum supplement on parameters related to vascular function includes endothelial selectin (E-SELECTIN) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) as inflammatory factors and vasoconstriction and nitric oxide (NO) as a factor vasodilation during chronic hypertension induced by Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) in male Wistar rats. 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups; 1) basic، 2)sham، 3)L-NAME، 4)endurance training، 5)Galbanum and 6)training+Galbanum. Groups of 3 until 6، five times a week for eight weeks، 10 mg / kg L-NAME solutions were given. Also، rats in the sham group received saline in the same conditions. Groups of 4 and 6 were performed endurance running protocol on a treadmill speed of 15 to 20 meters per minute for 25 to 64 minutes 5 times a week for 8 weeks. Groups of 5 and 6 received 90 mg / kg dissolved Galbanum using gavage 5 times a week for 8 weeks. Infusion of L-NAME was led to hypertension، as was detected by significance decrease in ACE-I (p<0. 00). Furthermore، hypertension was associated with increased NO and decreased E-SELECTIN. The training protocol significance reduces E-SELECTIN (p<0. 00) and significance increased NO (p<0. 04) in the 4 group and administration of Galbanum causes a decrease in E-SELECTIN (p<0. 00) in the 5 group and combine training and galbanum causes a significance decrease in E-SELECTIN (p<0. 00) and a significance increase in NO (p<0. 03) in group of 6، as compared to L-NAME group in p<0. 05 significance level. Chronic hypertension is associated with endothelial dysfunction and use of non-pharmacological strategies such as endurance training and Galbanum antioxidant supplementation probably through vascular endothelial function can cause controlled high blood pressure.