جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شهر خرم آباد » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Floods as one of the natural hazards can cause much damage to cities and communities. Khorramabad city is also one of the cities exposed to this danger. Therefore, the current research aims to analyze the resilience scenarios of Khorramabad City against flood risk to provide solutions for the future. This research is practical and descriptive-analytical, and exploratory. The research data collection is based on the Delphi technique. A sample size of 44 people was determined to identify the key drivers, a sample size of 10 people was determined to develop scenarios, and the sampling method was a snowball. In this research, the key driver in the field of flood resilience of Khorramabad city was extracted using Mic Mac software, the descriptors were analyzed using Scenario Wizard, and the consistency value of flood resilience scenarios of Khorramabad city was determined. 10 key drivers and 36 possible situations were determined using the opinion of experts and the output of Mic Mac software for the future resilience of Khorramabad city against floods, and the matrix questionnaire of mutual effects was designed and sent to the experts. The results of the scenario wizard software showed that the key factors of institutions' performance, communication capacity, governance, internet infrastructure, and construction boom in the scenarios have the most adaptive value in the future resilience of Khorramabad city against floods

The purpose of this study is the feasibility of developing eco-oriented strategies and operational plans for the development of smart transportation systems in Khorramabad city. Descriptive-analytical research method was implemented using survey. The research data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in two stages. The statistical population included managers, responsible specialists and experts in the cargo and passenger transportation management organization of Khorramabad municipality and consultants related to the transportation system, of which 30 people were selected as the sample size. The prioritization of the strategies obtained from the questionnaires was done using the combined method (AHP and ACCEPT) and the QSPM method. The results of these two methods were compared using SPSS software and by calculating Spearman's correlation coefficient, and the coefficient was 0.98. Analyzes related to the combined method (AHP and ACCEPT) were performed using EXPERT CHOICE software and the inconsistency rate for prioritizing goals, development axes and strategies was obtained in all numerical stages smaller than 0.1. SWOT matrix was used to formulate strategies. The innovation of the current research is the use of different software from previous studies and the provision of appropriate strategies and operational plans for the smartening of urban transportation systems. The results of the present study showed that Khorramabad city is in a poor condition in terms of developing smart transportation systems. Regarding the goals of intelligent transportation, priority was obtained with safety, public satisfaction, environmental improvement, and reduction of energy consumption and delay time, respectively. Also, in relation to the six axes of development of intelligent transportation, priority was given to management and organizational policies, financing, human resources, technical infrastructure, cultural environment, and legal matters, respectively.

Urban green spaces constitute a pivotal component of urban ecosystems, offering a plethora of ecological benefits and services to cities. Augmenting these green patches within urban landscapes and establishing interconnected ecological networks therein represent viable strategies to mitigate the adverse repercussions of inadequate urban development while bolstering urban environment resilience. In the past few decades, the landscape ecology paradigm has introduced innovative methodologies aimed at comprehending the intricacies of urban green space dynamics and how landscape configurations wield influence over the environmental processes within cities. This research, consequently, sets out with the intention of quantitatively assessing and dissecting the transformations transpiring within Khorramabad's urban green spaces. It does so by harnessing remote sensing data and leveraging landscape metrics to gain deeper insights into the urban landscape's evolution. 

The focus of this research centers on Khorramabad city, which serves as the capital of Lorestan province and holds the distinction of being the province's largest city in terms of both population and geographical expanse. Municipally zoned into three distinct regions, the study unfolds across two main phases. Initially, the endeavor involved the creation of comprehensive synoptic maps capturing Khorramabad city's green spaces. This process relied on satellite imagery, followed by a subsequent phase of scrutinizing these maps through the application of landscape metrics.To execute this, satellite images from various sensors—namely TM, ETM+, and OLI on Landsat 5, 7, and 8 satellites—were harnessed for the years 1987, 2003, and 2019, respectively. These images underwent meticulous preprocessing, culminating in their classification using the maximum likelihood method within the ENVI software environment. To validate the accuracy of the resultant maps, an error matrix was employed. In order to model the quantitative alterations and patterns within Khorramabad's urban green spaces, landscape metrics were harnessed. Notably, the Fragstat software facilitated the analysis of selected landscape metrics, which encompassed four key measures: class area (CA), number of patches (NP), percent of landscape (PLAND), and mean Euclidean nearest neighbor distance (ENN-MN). 

The analysis of spatial-temporal changes in Khorramabad city's green spaces reveals an evident declining trend in their overall pattern. The outcomes underscore a substantial reduction both in the quantity of green patches and the area they encompass, dwindling from 703.8 hectares in 1987 to 629.88 hectares in 2019. Additionally, the investigation into landscape metrics' composition and distribution underscores an absence of cohesive dispersion on the city-wide scale. Within Khorramabad city, regions 1 and 3 exhibit inadequate green space composition and distribution. The computed metric for Class Area (CA) reflects a decrease from 195.66 hectares in 1987 to 191.63 hectares in 2003, further diminishing to 170.145 hectares by 2019. Correspondingly, the metric for Number of Patches (NP) indicates the lowest count of patches (33) in 1987, which escalated to 122 patches in 2003, and ultimately reaching 183 patches by 2019. Moreover, Proportion of Landscape (PLAND) data highlights that regions 3 and 2 demonstrate the highest (19.45%) and lowest (7.18%) green area proportions, respectively. Notably, the PLAND metric underwent modification from 229.81 meters in 1987 to 88.47 meters in 2003, further diminishing to 78.65 meters in 2019. The findings underscore deficiencies in Khorramabad city's urban green spaces, indicating a lack of favorable conditions for their development.

The research conducted an assessment of urban green spaces within the urban areas of Khorramabad, utilizing remote sensing data and landscape metrics. The findings indicated a consistent downward trend in the overall extent of green spaces in Khorramabad city over various years. The distribution of green patches within the city was deemed relatively inappropriate, lacking an optimal arrangement. To enhance the status of green spaces, there is a need to establish continuity between discrete green patches and smaller green areas. This study underscores the significance of prioritizing sustainable management for Khorramabad's urban green space, aiming to prevent its degradation. The study's limitation lies in its reliance on medium-resolution Landsat image data. Overcoming this constraint through the incorporation of high-resolution data holds promise, particularly for fragmented green spaces in urban areas.

Urban resilience refers to the ability of an urban system on a temporal and spatial scale to maintain or quickly return to the desired past functions. Today, one of the major issues and problems that most megacities of the world are dealing with is natural hazards that always threaten human settlements and human lives and can cause losses and casualties in a short period of time. Leave a very wide space. In this regard, the present study was compiled with the aim of evaluating the dimensions of urban resilience against natural hazards in Khorram Abad city. The current research is an analytical research in terms of its purpose, application, and in terms of the method of data collection, and in terms of its implementation, it is a survey type, and in terms of the research method, it is of a quantitative type. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software, combined models (FARAS + FKOPRAS) and FBMW were used. The results of the sample T - Tech test in the dimensions (economic, social, physical -environmental, institutional -organizational) showed that the state of urban resilience in Khorramabad is weak, and based on the combined models (Aras Fazi and Cooperas Fazi), the social dimension with a weight of 34.00, the highest level of resilience and the institutional -organizational dimension with a weight of 30.00), the lowest level of resilience in Khorram Abad city against floods. Have given In the following, based on BMW's fuzzy model, in the economic dimension, the subject of planning in order not to cause damage to household appliances with a weight value of 0.043, the maximum amount of resilience, in the social dimension, the subjects of education. Against risk preparation, awareness and knowledge with a weight value of 0.040, the highest level of resilience; In the institutional -organizational dimension, the issue of the state of awareness of urban residents when facing the flood crisis with a weight of 0.027, and in the physical -environmental dimension, the item of building density with a value of 0.031, has the highest level of resilience. Have given.

The rapid growth of population in the world, especially in developing countries, has led to many problems. Issues that, more than anything else, have led to the physical expansion of cities, the decline in the quality of the urban environment, and instability.in 2012, UN-Habitat a new approach to urban development. A holistic and integrated approach to promote welfare and play a public role. This new approach helps cities better manage the city's future in the economic, political, social and environmental spheres. This approach, called urban prosperity,A prosperous city is one that provides productivity, infrastructure, quality of life, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability.On the other hand, in many cities, the degree of social stability of citizens and urban areas depends on the indicators of urban prosperity prevailing in those areas.A sustainable city achieves a dynamic balance between economic, environmental and socio-cultural components.Accordingly, in this study, urban prosperity and social sustainability as well as the effect of urban prosperity on social sustainability in Khorramabad are investigated.

The research method is descriptive-analytical in nature and applied in terms of purpose. Research data were collected in two ways: documentary and field.The statistical population of the study is the residents of Khorramabad, which was selected as a sample size using Cochran's formula of 364 people by simple random method.Questionnaires were designed according to the number of population among the residents of 24 districts of Khorramabad.Multivariate t-test was used to measure the variables of urban prosperity and social sustainability and multivariate regression test was used to evaluate the effect of urban prosperity indicators on social sustainability in Khorramabad.

The results showed that the indicators of prosperity in the city of Khorramabad are moderate. The value of the test in the research variables is 3 and the average of the infrastructure and environmental sustainability index variable according to Table 3 is more than 3. In this regard, the average index of productivity, quality of life and social inclusion is less than 3. Therefore, according to the significance level, which is less than 0.05, it can be said that the situation of urban prosperity in terms of infrastructure and environmental sustainability indicators is moderately to high. In terms of productivity, inclusion and social inclusion, the status of urban prosperity is evaluated downwards and the mean of the quality of life index variable is less than 3 because the lower limit is negative and the upper limit is positive, so the average value obtained by the test is (3). And there is no significant difference between them. Therefore, it can be said that the situation of quality of life index in Khorramabad is evaluated as moderate.On the other hand, the results of measuring urban sustainability indicators were also evaluated at an average level. Given that the value of the test in the research variables is 3 and the average of the social stability index variable is dependence coefficient, social interaction, social capital status, honesty in social behaviors and participation in local activities according to Table 4, so It can be said that the social stability of these indicators in the city of Khorramabad is assessed as above average. In this regard, the average of the variables of responsibility and civil or institutional trust according to the table is less than 3 because the lower limit is negative and the upper limit is positive, so the average value obtained by the test is equal to (3) and there is no significant difference between them. Therefore, these variables are evaluated as average. Also, the variables of satisfaction with the level of access to services, sense of belonging, interpersonal trust, hours of volunteering, transparency, insurance, social justice and education and research according to the table are less than 3 because the lower and upper limits are both negative. And the significance level is less than 0.05, so the mean obtained is less than the value of test (3) and there is no significant difference between them. Therefore, the status of social stability of these variables in the city of Khorramabad has a low status.On the other hand, the spatial distribution of urban prosperity scores and social stability at the district level indicates the correlation (r = 0.873) between these two concepts. In other words, the areas that had a higher or lower than average score in terms of prosperity, mainly in the field of social sustainability, had the same procedure. Also, based on the results of linear regression, productivity indices with 0.383, quality of life with 0.352, infrastructure 0.297, environmental sustainability 0.204, and social inclusion with 0.186, respectively, have had the greatest effect on social sustainability.

The results of the tests show that the concept of urban prosperity, which has been mentioned by the international community, has a challenge in the city of Khorramabad. This challenge arises from at least two cases;1. Low level of score of some indicators from the middle level such as productivity and inclusion and social inclusion;2. Imbalance and harmony between the dimensions (wheel blades) of prosperity. The results showed that the indicators of prosperity in the city of Khorramabad are moderate. On the other hand, the results of measuring urban sustainability indicators were also evaluated at an average level. However, changes in the indicators measured at the area level are tangible. On the other hand, the spatial distribution of urban prosperity scores and social stability at the district level indicates the correlation (r = 0.873) between these two concepts. As in the case of areas with higher or lower than average scores in terms of prosperity, mainly in the field of social sustainability have had the same procedure. Also, based on the results of linear regression, productivity indices with 0.383, quality of life with 0.352, infrastructure 0.297, environmental sustainability 0.204, and social inclusion with 0.186 had the most effect on social sustainability, respectively.

The purpose is to measure and evaluate the effects of good governance on the sustainable regeneration of worn-out urban structures in Khorramabad. In recent decades, with the intensification of the problems of regeneration of worn-out tissues, the approach of good urban governance has been introduced as the most effective and sustainable method in regeneration. Because Khorramabad city has 28% with texture and covers about 7 valleys of the city area was selected as the research area. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and the required information has been collected from both library and field methods. The validity of the questionnaire was also confirmed by professors specializing in the field of worn-out urban tissues. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaires, which is equal to 0.886. The data obtained from the field survey were analyzed using SPSS software. The statistical population of the study is the citizens of worn-out tissue. The sample size was calculated using the Cochran's formula, 384 people. The findings showed that the status of indicators of good urban governance in the area of dysfunctional structures of Khorramabad is not in a favorable condition. Among the indicators of good urban governance, the rule of law index with an impact factor of 2.98 has more predictive power than other indicators. Accountability, participation and accountability indices with beta coefficients of 0.643, 0.610 / 0.610 are in the next ranks, respectively, and transparency index with beta coefficients of 0.421 is in the last rank of influence. Therefore, in the policies of sustainable regeneration in the dysfunctional urban contexts of Khorramabad, the need to pay attention to strengthening the performance of good urban governance has a definite effect on the indicators of sustainable regeneration.

endogenous development, the goal is not only the development of the city from inner parts, rather the quality of putting different land uses together and integrating them next to each other is a matter for planners. In this regard, the present study has considered the physical development characteristics of Khorram Abad city in terms of quality of physical development of the city by using indicators such as land use compatibility and incompatibility, land use mixture index as well as quantitative indices determining he indigenous development of city such as population density changes, the ratio of area growth to population, the number of licenses issued, and the quality and age of buildings in old texture. The research method is descriptive-analytical through library (documentary) and field studies. The results of this study show that, despite the fact that the city of Khorram Abad has internal development potentials, but like other cities in our country, it has experienced sprawl growth in recent decades. Investigation of various indicators showed that the city did not follow the indigenous development policy in its physical-spatial development. In addition, less attention has been paid to the compatibility and incompatibility of neighboring land uses and to the mixing of different land uses within the urban context. Considering the developmental capacities in the old textures of Khorram Abad city, construction in these textures, by implementing incentives policies and increasing floor area ratio, is the best way to prevent uncontrolled growth of the city, reduce costs and urban development issues

Therefore, according to this issue, the present study seeks to analyze and evaluate the role of Khorramabad as a regional economic and demographic core in the sustainable development of the surrounding villages using structural analysis and scenario-based approach. The sample was selected from 30 experts and researchers in the field (15 experts in the field of urban issues and 15 experts in the field of rural issues). MICMAC software was used to analyze the data, and Morphol software was used to formulate the scenarios. Out of five thousand scenarios with validity, ten scenarios with high inertia were selected. Among these ten scenarios, two scenarios with the highest probability of occurrence and a high frequency of 90% were analyzed. Finally, the results showed that the city of Khorramabad could not have a significant impact on the sustainable development of the surrounding villages in the current and future situation (based on scenarios). The number of critical scenarios with frequency 8 equals the optimal scenario with frequency 8. Weakness in health care, lack of proper planning for tourism capacity utilization, lack of funds and validities, infrastructureto implement rural development plan programs due to lack of funding are evident in the lack of sustainable development of these villages in the scenarios. It is clear, however, that if the city of Khoramabad has a positive growth as an economic and demographic center of the region in terms of sustainable development indicators, it will have an impact on the sustainable development of these villages.

Cities are growing and developing rapidly, and analyzing the urbanization trend is one of the most important issues for urban planners. In addition to the high level of growth rate, changes in land use and conversion of land to urban uses are also important issues. The present study is an attempt to explain the spatial patterns of Khorramabad in the last 35 years. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method and is based on remote sensing data. First, the images of 1365, 1375, 1385, 1395, and 1399 were taken from Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellites in TM, ETM and OLI sensors, then using NVEI software and supervised classification method to land use maps in four classes: urban, agricultural, mountain and water. Became. Then, this map was prepared using ARCGIS software to enter the FRAGASTATS software and in the next step, they were called to this software to analyze the landscape. In the next step, these maps were examined using spatial metrics (PALAN-PD-NP-LSI-LPI-PD-AWMFD). In the last stage, by calling these metrics in Shannon entropy model, an overview of the spatial growth pattern of Khorramabad city in the last 35 years was obtained. The results of this study showed that the city of Khorramabad in the last 35 years has gone through different growth patterns. These patterns can be classified into 4 periods. It spends scattered in separate urban spots. In the second period (2006), due to the reduction of migrations and the development of the city within the existing spots, the city goes through a period of intensive pattern, but again in the third period (2016), Khorramabad city has entered a period of dispersion pattern as in all metrics Tendency to spatial pattern of the city is scattered. But again in the last period of 1399, space metrics have shown a pattern of intensive growth and the tendency to internal development of Khorramabad city.

Urban livability as one of the most important elements of quality and urban attraction, has received increasing attention in various cities. This concept refers to social comfort, health and individual and social well-being in the city, which are also principles of sustainable development. In this regard, the present study has been conducted with the aim of evaluating the dimensions and components of livability in the areas of Khorramabad. The research method is descriptive-analytical using a questionnaire. The statistical population is all citizens of Khorramabad, which in the 2016 census was equal to 380829 people. Charles Cochranchr('39')s formula was used to estimate the sample size, and according to this formula, the number of samples was estimated at 384 people. The obtained data were analyzed using Spss, Arc Gis, Excel software and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and TOPSIS models. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the areas of Khorramabad in terms of dimensions of livability and in the areas of the city the dimensions of livability are associated with intensity and weakness. The TOPSIS model also showed that in terms of total viability, Shaghayegh area with Si 0.823 has the highest bioavailability and Hot Valley area with 0.176 Si has the lowest bioavailability among Khorramabad city and other areas. Are also in between.

Increasing the problems caused by population density in cities has led the owners to discriminate and solve urban problems. In order to mitigate the dilemmas caused by the unsustainable growth of urban spaces, think tanks have suggested the idea of smart urban growth, urban intelligent growth as A powerful tool in measuring the concentration or dispersion of a city's growth within the framework of the common and ideal patterns nowadays plays an indelible role in the development, transformation and shaping of human settlements, especially cities. Therefore, the purpose of the present research is to investigate the physical-spatial intelligence of urban intelligence using geographic data. The present research is based on the objective of developmental and quantitative analytical methodology based on library studies and spatial data. In analyzing the data of this research, the statistical-graphical methods have been used in the ArcGIS, Excel and GeoDa. The results of the analysis of the indices using the base-based graphic tests show that Khorramabad city has a long way to go with the principles of urban intelligence in terms of selected indicators. This indicates the significant difference between selected indicators and the principles of smart urban growth. The results of basic graphics and graphing tests are in line with each other. In this regard, there is agreement and compatibility between these tests that low degree of aggregation, unbalanced distribution in Khorramabad city, dispersion, cluster, development, and fatigue and the development of disjointed and discontinuous, and in general the growth of horizontal dispersion is superfluous.

Elections as a political act reflect a degree of political participation that every society and everyone in the society participates on the basis of their political understanding of the geographic environment to support, reform and change. Citizens' criteria for choosing are effective in the election results. Meanwhile, geographically effective factors in elections, such as place and neighborhood characteristics, are largely overlooked. Some researchers believe that one of the most important predictive factors in the election, especially in tribal cities, is the place and neighborhood characteristics; because these place features, over time, have strengthened segregation and selective behaviors in elections. Thus, urban geography can represent a new interpretation of the social and spatial divisions of the election; for this reason, in this study, the spatial factors that affect the electoral behaviors of citizens are evaluated and analyzed comprehensively, because this method can more clearly reflect the nature of spatial inequality of election participation. The city of Khorramabad faces the issue of the impact of tribal relations in the elections, which has brought about a kind of segregation in the city, dominated by "tribal neighborhoods". This spatial separation has influenced many of the political, economic, social and cultural affairs of the city. The effect of electing based on the emotions and traditions of the society, and tribalism in different periods, on urban management, decisions concerning development and future of Khorramabad is a matter of concern. In this research, we have compared two groups of neighborhoods through taking into account factors such as the effect of tribal neighborhoods and segregation, speciality and education level, campaign and eventually political party in Khorramabad. For this reason, two neighborhoods with tribal interests and tangible segregation were selected and compared with two neighborhoods lacking such a characteristic; to investigate whether the problem of ecological segregation (in the form of tribal neighborhoods) has strengthened the tribalism behavior in Khorramabad council elections? Another question is how the ecological segregation can affect the election issue (especially the election of the Khorramabad city council)?

The present study is an applied and descriptive-analytical research. Two methods of library and field studies have been used to collect data. Data collection tools include: questionnaire, general population and housing census results, related journals and articles. In this regard, after studying theoretical literature, the spatial and non-spatial indices affecting election behavior were extracted and a questionnaire was prepared for the residents of the above_mentioned neighborhoods; the statistical population of the study included all households in Khorramabad. The sample size via Cochran model was determined 383, and the questionnaires, in order to better compare the results, were distributed in at least four samples. Of these four samples, two samples came with stronger tribalism affiliations while two others had less stronger affiliations. In this research, the sampling unit is family. The sample was selected in a multi-stage cluster method. Meanwhile, division method (relative to population) was used in the sampling method. In order to analyze the data by using SPSS software, methods such as multivariate regression, one way ANOVA and T- test independent samples were used.

The results showed that more than 80% of residents of the two neighborhoods of Poshteh Hussein Abad and Dareh Garm have relatively similar tribal relations. These conditions have identified these neighborhoods as distinct neighborhoods with a degree of segregation. The results of the T-test indicated that the neighborhoods with high segregation (tribal) and non-tribal neighborhoods in most of the studied indicators (party and factional leaning of candidates, the degree of candidate's expertise, ecological segregation (Ethnic-neighborhood affiliation and tribal selection)) were different at 95% confidence level and the pattern of selection of these two groups of neighborhoods' residents was different. Only when it comes to the indicator of the impact of the candidate's campaign in the city, there is no difference between the surveyed neighborhoods. In the sample, the difference in the patterns of elections based on the place of residence is significant in Khorramabad.

The results of one-way ANOVA for comparing the indices affecting the citizens' electoral behaviors in all four neighborhoods showed that, at an error level of 0.05, the importance of two party and specialty indices in Motahari and Shirkhagah for residents is more than the two neighborhoods with high segregation level (Poshteh Hussein Abad and Dareh Garm). Tribal election and segregation with five indices (tribal affiliation, neighborhood maturity, neighborhood selection, social interactions, and neighborhood benefits) in neighborhoods with tribal interests is more than the two other neighborhoods. According to the step-by-step regression analysis, in neighborhoods with tribal affiliations, tribal campaign, neighborhood maturity, neighborhood selection and social interaction indicators were able to predict, in four steps, respectively, selection of tribe. So that these four factors could predict 51% of the tribal selectivity. In the meanwhile, only social interactions have not been able to predict tribal selectivity. It can be said that there is a relationship between the spatial dependencies of the place of residence and the voting pattern in the neighborhoods of Khorramabad. According to the results of this research, the effects of neighborhoods turns out to be effective in the model of elections in Khorramabad and they need to be dealt with more deeply, because these factors have created deep and permanent discrepancies in the election patterns of Khorramabad. However, so far, no previous study has analyzed the relationship between spatial and neighborhoods effects in Khorramabad elections. Based on the results of this study, electoral processes in geographical areas of Khorramabad due to social processes are different. However, the factor of place and the effects of neighborhoods in many neighborhoods of Khorramabad (especially neighborhoods with high segregation rates) have been effective on the formation and strengthening of electoral models of sustainability (in the form of tribal selection) and finally urban management through the effectiveness of the tribal electoral votes on city council elections.

After about three decades of focusing on unidirectional economic growth, the emergence of the unpleasant consequences of this method of development in the natural arenas and the threat of many non-renewable resources since the 1970s onwards, environmental considerations are a decisive factor in the urbanization debate Became the This section should be considered as the beginning of serious attention to environmental affairs, so that by designing the concept of sustainability and the term sustainable development in the 1980s and publishing the Brundtland Report in 1987, the environment was presented as an integrated and integrated look at urban regeneration Brundtland Income, 1987)) The translation of this attention in the context of the city includes the following and many considerations related to these matters, So, we can say that economic, social and environmental analyzes are taking place in the process of urban regeneration. In this process, the data includes the internal stimuli of change, such as existing strategies, availability of resources, resident preferences, participation status, leaders and guides, and specific regional urban features including urban scale analyzes, neighborhood features Existing policies and programs, goals and goals, and future needs and requirements. Foreign stimuli of change, such as: macroeconomic flows in the economy, national and transnational policies, are rival cities' strategies. The output of the process is in various dimensions, including physical dimensions, neighborhood policies, economic development, environmental measures and neighborhood policy. Khorram Abad, with a legal area of 3475 hectares, has 28 neighborhoods and an inefficient (eroded) point with an area of nearly 260 hectares, with a ratio of inefficient tissue to the total area of the city near 7 percent. It is worth noting that part of the inefficient texture of the city of Khorramabad forms about 150 hectares of the historical city texture, which is located in the geometric center of gravity of the physical structure and spatial organization of the city and has a role and function of economic and cultural resources and positions Different from the newly developed regions and consequently in relation to the overall character of the city. The powerful and influential presence of the Falklat Castle in the historical context has given the distinctive cultural influence to the textures. The fitting of the Old Town's market has had a dramatic effect on the city's potential and economic functions in its historical context. In general, this texture is still the center of service, administration, and culture of the city (Omidvar & Biranondzadeh, 2011, p. 95). According to the mentioned cases, the present study aims to investigate the causal relationships between the components affecting sustainable urban regeneration in Khorramabad city inefficient tissue.

The research type is descriptive-survey, the study area is inefficient tissue of Khorramabad city. The statistical population consisted of 30 experts and 382 inhabitants of the tissue. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, which has been reviewed by the researchers. Cronbach's alpha test was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all the studied indices was 0.794, which is acceptable in terms of reliability. For data analysis, quantitative models such as Swat Demattel multi-criteria decision making models have been used. Structural equation model was used to measure the effective factors on inefficient tissue regeneration in Khorramabad city. . Friedman test was used to prioritize and rank the effective variables on inefficient tissue regeneration in Khorramabad city. The main assumption of this research is that sustainable urban regeneration is affected by social, economic, physical, managerial and environmental factors.

Structural modalities were used to measure the effective factors on inefficient tissue regeneration in Khorramabad city. Before normal fitting of the model, it is necessary to study the normality of the data for analysis. Therefore, for calculating the normality of the data, the values of skidding and elongation The data is used in this regard, if the values of skewness and elongation of data are outside the range of -3 and +3 (skewness), and -10 and +10, then the assumption of normalization does not exist in this default analysis,Data analysis indicates that if the critical factor is greater than 1.96, the relationship between the two variables is significant with 95% confidence. Also, for the meaning of the relationship, instead of the critical factor, we can use p-value if p -value test is smaller than 0.05. The relationship between these two variables is significant. Considering these cases, other hypotheses have been approved except for the economic impact on urban regeneration. The results of the calculations obtained from Friedman test show that the value of k square statistic with 4 degrees of freedom, as well as the significance level of the P-Value test, was zero. Regarding the above outcomes, the final result is that the influence of the various factors on the sustainable regeneration of the studied tissue is different from the respondents' point of view. Accordingly, the management factor has the highest rating and the environmental factor with the lowest score.

Sustainable urban regeneration is the process of comprehensive development in the social, economic, environmental and physical areas in order to improve the quality of life in target areas and neighborhoods in relation to the whole city. The results of this study, which focused on investigating the factors affecting sustainable urban regeneration in the inefficient tissue of Khorramabad city, showed that, regardless of the potential in the tissue, it would not achieve sustainable regeneration in terms of physical, social, economic and environmental conditions. Due to the fact that more than half of Khorramabad's inefficient texture is located in the historical context of the city, the emphasis on tissue recreation is essential. Historical values in the context can be considered as the identity document of the city and urban economic development despite being Historical, religious and natural tourism capabilities are used by D Among the suggestions of this research in order to achieve sustainable regeneration in Khorramabad, we can mention the following:- Promoting social capital within the scope of the study.

Sustainability analysis and the status of sustainability indices in urban areas have always been one of the objectives of urban managers as a way to achieve urban sustainability. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the status of sustainable development of the neighborhood in the neighborhoods of Khorramabad city and in general, to understand the different situation between neighborhoods and to show different levels of neighborhoods in terms of indices of regional development. According to the results of Anova test, in all indicators of sustainable development of the neighborhood (socio-cultural, economic, environmental, physical), there are significant differences between the studied neighborhoods in terms of mean differences. In other words, Fisher's test for each of the four indicators is equal to 0/000 and the confidence level is 0.95% smaller than 0.05. Therefore, there is a significant difference between the groups in terms of average, and all the neighborhoods in terms of this index The situation is different. Also, in order to answer the research question and to determine the homogeneous levels of neighborhood development and ranking of neighborhoods in terms of the level of sustainable development indices, the cluster analysis and Tukey test have been used. The results of that neighborhood have a stable development of the high neighborhood in the 3rd level (sustainable), Khajavi coastal districts, Delphan, Shahid, Phazik, Alawi districts with medium-level neighborhood development at Level 2 (semi-sustainable ), Keghaneh neighborhood, Eastern spain, and white flowers have a low-lying neighborhood development at level 1 (unstable) within the study area.

With increasing population density in cities, all of the economic, social, and cultural dimensions in cities have undergone fundamental changes. Alongside these issues, the security feeling in urban spaces has become one of the concerns of urban planners and managers. In fact, one of the main goals of urban planning is to decide in the present time that urban activities in the future will be well targeted for the benefit of its citizens. Explaining and describing the security of urban spaces in the future can reduce the occurrence of a variety of social anomalies. The present study aims to space analysis of the citizen's security feeling in urban spaces in terms of future study in Khorramabad city with a descriptive-exploratory approach based on documentary-survey resources. The studied statistical population is elite and experts in the field of security in urban spaces. MicMac software is used to analyze the information, structural analysis method and interaction effect matrix. Regarding the effectiveness of the studied variables on the future of security feeling in Khorramabad, the results of the research showed that five effective variables include employment, income and social class, the effect of managers' mechanisms on reducing abnormalities, social and citizen feedback of each other and the rate surrounded of residential units on each other. Based on the variables affecting security management in urban spaces, it can be said that the state of instability is dominant in the system.

Nowadays tourism industry is one of the most prolific economic activities all over the world.As an affecting activity on all parts of development ,this industry should be more noticed now rather than in the past, khorramabad city is considered as one of the most important tourist base in the country (Iran), and due to deficiencies in the field of tourism in the city, the objective of the present study is offering the best strategy to deal with the threats and weaknesses and taking advantages of the strengths and opportunities by using SWOT and QSPM methods while identifying strengths and weaknesses and threats and opportunities. The research method is Cross-sectional in which required data and information by library and field (questionnaire) survey have been collected. Selected sample includes 32 individuals of experts and managers of the city tourism who are selected using simple random sampling. The results show that Khorramabad tourism is on the offensive. It should be taking advantage of opportunities ahead as regards capabilities. Prioritization that has been developed using a matrix planner, preparing a comprehensive program of regular, long-term in the field of Khorramabad tourism, recreational facilities and places of accommodation organized for tourists near the city’s cultural and tourist places and routes and city and trans-regional marketing and advertising to introduce and better identifying Khorramabad city according to the report by the UN OFFICE as the best city of tourism in Iran are determined as the most effective strategies. Introduction Today, tourism is considered as one of the largest and most drivers industries in the world (Tvanaie 131:

Today, tourism is the most prominent and most efficient economic activity that can bring many economic, social, political, and cultural achievements to its pioneers. This phenomenon is now recognized as one of the foundations of globalization and a hallmark of space-time condensation. Historical tourism, which incorporates the old and ancient texture of cities, has a significant impact on the spatial and functional structure of a city. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to plan a strategic tourism development in the historical city of Khorramabad. The methodology of this research is descriptive - analytical based on documentary and field studies using the SWOT model and then the proposed strategies are calculated using quantitative matrix method (QSPM). The results of the research show that invasive strategy (SO)‌(utilizing maximum strengths and opportunities) with a score of 3.42 in the first priority and competitive strategy (ST) (avoidance of threats and the use of opportunities) with The 2.63 points were identified as the most important strategies for the development of the historical context of the city in the second priority.

The process of urban development and the process of textual changes, especially in the historical and central regions of the cities, has undergone a variety of ideas in the last century, based on the conditions of place and time and developmental policies and with different ideas in the course of its changes, diversity And the multiplicity of worn-out tissues and various components that cause tissue inefficiency, On the one hand, and the potential of the tissue and how it is used, as well as the methods of decision making and intervention, in spite of having the goal of the single developmental development of the city .The present study was designed with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the ineffective texture stability in Khorramabad against natural hazards by descriptive-analytical method based on documentary-survey resources. In this paper, firstly, threatening hazards of inefficient tissue of Khorramabad city were introduced. Further, we analyzed the factors affecting tissue regeneration using the Daimalt technique. The most important threats to the tissue are flood and earthquake tissue. The five main social, economic, physical, environmental and physical factors were studied as factors influencing recreation, According to the results of this research in the field of inefficient tissue rehabilitation in Khorramabad city, factors such as using public participation, attention to the type of economic activity of tissue inhabitants, the qualitative quality of the building in the tissue, the effect of informal factors of management on the context and environmental characteristics should be Pay special attention.

One of the most important discussions in urban and urbanization in current Iran is to determine and analyze the growth and physical- spatial improvement of urban and urbanization. In this relation the main objective of urban planning is to prepare residences welfare via establishment of better, healthier, easier, more efficient, and pleasant environment. To this end, suitable analysis of earth to improve urban and determining suitable fields and among the prioritiesfor spatial development is essential. To this end, the aim of presented research is to study the procedure of physical improvement of Khoramabad, identifying influent factors in urban spatial improvement, studying the sequences of city improvement and its physical paradigms, identifying the capacities and development limits of the city, providing solutions principles and action plan for the physical development of the city. A research method in this study has been of type analytical - descriptive. After historical development of the city, factors and constraints affecting the physical development of the city has been studied. Based on assumptions set forth in the study, the role of natural and human factors, the physical expansion of Khoramabad has been studied. The results show that the natural and human factors and barriers have a major role in direction of the city's physical development.
At final part, preparing informational layers such as land capability, surface elevation, slope, land stability, communication networks, airports, cemeteries, rivers, industrial and rural areas and entrance of these layers to ArcGIS and their analyzing in geographical information system database, using AHP model and Expert Choice Software, suitable lands for future development of city were determined. These lands are mostly located at the south parts of city.One of the most important discussions in urban and urbanization in current Iran is to determine and analyze the growth and physical- spatial improvement of urban and urbanization. In this relation the main objective of urban planning is to prepare residences welfare via establishment of better, healthier, easier, more efficient, and pleasant environment. To this end, suitable analysis of earth to improve urban and determining suitable fields and among the prioritiesfor spatial development is essential. To this end, the aim of presented research is to study the procedure of physical improvement of Khoramabad, identifying influent factors in urban spatial improvement, studying the sequences of city improvement and its physical paradigms, identifying the capacities and development limits of the city, providing solutions principles and action plan for the physical development of the city. A research method in this study has been of type analytical - descriptive. After historical development of the city, factors and constraints affecting the physical development of the city has been studied. Based on assumptions set forth in the study, the role of natural and human factors, the physical expansion of Khoramabad has been studied. The results show that the natural and human factors and barriers have a major role in direction of the city's physical development.
At final part, preparing informational layers such as land capability, surface elevation, slope, land stability, communication networks, airports, cemeteries, rivers, industrial and rural areas and entrance of these layers to ArcGIS and their analyzing in geographical information system database, using AHP model and Expert Choice Software, suitable lands for future development of city were determined. These lands are mostly located at the south parts of city.
One of the most important discussions in urban and urbanization in current Iran is to determine and analyze the growth and physical- spatial improvement of urban and urbanization. In this relation the main objective of urban planning is to prepare residences welfare via establishment of better, healthier, easier, more efficient, and pleasant environment. To this end, suitable analysis of earth to improve urban and determining suitable fields and among the prioritiesfor spatial development is essential. To this end, the aim of presented research is to study the procedure of physical improvement of Khoramabad, identifying influent factors in urban spatial improvement, studying the sequences of city improvement and its physical paradigms, identifying the capacities and development limits of the city, providing solutions principles and action plan for the physical development of the city. A research method in this study has been of type analytical - descriptive. After historical development of the city, factors and constraints affecting the physical development of the city has been studied. Based on assumptions set forth in the study, the role of natural and human factors, the physical expansion of Khoramabad has been studied. The results show that the natural and human factors and barriers have a major role in direction of the city's physical development.
At final part, preparing informational layers such as land capability, surface elevation, slope, land stability, communication networks, airports, cemeteries, rivers, industrial and rural areas and entrance of these layers to ArcGIS and their analyzing in geographical information system database, using AHP model and Expert Choice Software, suitable lands for future development of city were determined. These lands are mostly located at the south parts of city.One of the most important discussions in urban and urbanization in current Iran is to determine and analyze the growth and physical- spatial improvement of urban and urbanization. In this relation the main objective of urban planning is to prepare residences welfare via establishment of better, healthier, easier, more efficient, and pleasant environment. To this end, suitable analysis of earth to improve urban and determining suitable fields and among the prioritiesfor spatial development is essential. To this end, the aim of presented research is to study the procedure of physical improvement of Khoramabad, identifying influent factors in urban spatial improvement, studying the sequences of city improvement and its physical paradigms, identifying the capacities and development limits of the city, providing solutions principles and action plan for the physical development of the city