جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "firm performance" در نشریات گروه "حسابداری"

cpehdaf in pajoosh motaleh ye barresi tasir haram mali ve tamrakz malkit bar rabeteh bin sarmayeh gozari tahaqiq ve toseeh ve amolkard sharkat mi bashod. ghabel zekar est bazdeh zamani dar in pajoosh mahdud bah salenpehei 1392- 1400 mibashod, npamchenin in pajoosh daraye seh farzieh esli mi bashod. pajoosh enjam shodeh az nazar no cpehdaf joz pajoosh cpehei karbardi est ve rosh pajoosh az nazar manpanit ve mohtavayi npambastegi mi bashod. enjam pajoosh dar charchub estedelalat ghiasi- estegharayi sort garafteh est ve baray tajzyyeh ve tahlyle farzieh cpeha az tahlyle panely kamak garafteh shodeh est.

Given that managers play a crucial role in grounded and old theories such as agency theory, stewardship theory, and contracts theory, the concept of managerial ability and its measurement has attracted the researchers' attention. Recent dominant perspective emphasizes that manager's ability is reflected in the firm's performance. Therefore, measuring managerial ability depends on the separation of the manager's performance from the firm's performance, and the more the manager's contribution to the company's performance, the higher ability he/she has. The current study seeks to develop a model to measure managerial ability, taking into account the unique circumstances of the country in which the companies operate.

To develop a model for measuring managerial ability, a comprehensive approach is applied including systematic literature review, interpretive analysis of interviews with experts, and a descriptive method. In systematic literature review domestic and foreign studies and reliable information sources and databases is applied based on specific related keywords. Additionally, interviews with experts such as executive managers, financial managers, internal and external auditors, and academics were analyzed using interpretive analysis based on chain sampling. To run and validate the designed model, data from 158 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) across 12 industries from 2012 to 2021 is used. Triangulation was employed to evaluate the research validity, considering multiple dimensions including methodology, data, and the researchers. This rigorous approach ensures the reliability and robustness of the model developed for measuring managerial ability.

According to the research findings, we focus on three areas of performance indicators (PI), namely operational, financing, and dividend performance indicators. The performance indicators, as dependent variable, represent different aspects of firm performance based on managers decision-making process and the status of firms in real world. Variables such as firm size, firm age, the percentage of active institutional shareholders, export sales, and transactions with related parties represent the inherent characteristics of each company as independent variables. Considering environmental conditions and performance indicators are very important in determining related variables. By running Tobit regression, the residual value is considered as managerial ability measurement or managers’ contribution in firm performance. Furthermore, the comparison of the designed model and the model developed by Demerjian et al. (2012), as the most widely used model in prior literature, in terms of log-likelihood and information criteria including Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Schwarz Criterion (SC), and Hannan-Quinn Criterion (HQ) at the overall and industry-specific levels shows that our model has higher goodness-of-fit.

Generally, by combining operational, financing, and profit distribution indicators, as well as taking into account shareholder structure and intra-group transactions, this model provides a more proper measurement of managerial effectiveness and it can be a basis for selecting managers and determining appropriate remuneration methods.

Considering the important role of managers in the success of firms, the present research investigates the effect of managerial ability and managerial incentives on the firm's performance. Specifically, this study investigates how the managerial ability factor can have a significant impact on the profitability and risk of firms. By doing so, this study can provide several policy implications about how managerial ability can influence a firm's decisions and its related business policies. The statistical population of this research is the firms admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2015 to 2019 and the sample includes 140 firms. The data of the research was extracted from Rahvard Navin software and the panel data method was used to estimate the model. In this study, the independent research variable is the managerial ability (Demirjan et al. model, 2012) and managerial incentives (CEO cash bonus), and the dependent variable is the firm's performance, where the firm's profitability and risk indicators are considered as performance criteria. The results of the research show that the managerial ability and cash reward of the CEO have a positive and significant relationship with the firm's profitability, in other words, more capable managers with high managerial incentives can have better profitability. Also, the ability of the managers and the CEO's cash bonus has a positive and significant effect on the firm's risk. The coefficients and significance levels related to control variables also show that firm size, sales growth, and firm growth have a positive and significant effect on firm profitability and firm risk. Accordingly, management's ability and motivations can affect the firm's decisions, business policies, and the firm's performance, including the firm's profitability and risk.

The purpose of this research is to use the meta-analysis approach in order to analyze and combine the contradictory and incompatible results of the studies conducted in the field of investigating the relationship between social responsibility reporting and corporate performance, taking into account different performance measurements. These measures include Return on Equity, Return on Asset, Tobin's Q index, Earnings per Share and Net profit Margin. To achieve this goal, by applying the approach of Lipsey and Wilson (2001) as well as the Q tests of Cochran and Egger, 37 studies including 7 domestic articles in the period of 1378 to 1401 and 30 foreign articles in the period of 2000 to 2022 were examined. In these studies, social responsibility reporting was considered as an independent variable and company performance as a dependent variable. According to the findings of the research, with the meta-analysis of all eligible studies and the compilation of all performance indicators, there is no significant relationship between social responsibility-reporting and company performance. Also there is no significant relationship between social responsibility reporting and the two indicators: Return on equity and Net profit Margin. However, there is a significant relationship between social responsibility reporting and three indicators: Tobin's Q, Return on Assets and Earnings per Share. Considering the significant relationship between social responsibility reporting and three financial performance indicators, managers are advised to pay more attention to social responsibility reporting, which is the bridge between business units and stakeholders, because improving social responsibility reporting can lead to improved firm financial performance.

This study investigated the relationship between firm age and intangible resources on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm's performance in Kalat Industrial Town of Mashhad.

The statistical population of this study includes financial staff of Kalat Industrial Town of Mashhad. The convenient sampling method is used and by using Cochrane formula, the sample size was determined 194 people. To measure the variables, standard questionnaires was used. To test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling method was used using Spss24 and SmartPLS3 software.

The results indicate entrepreneurship has a significant impact on the firm performance and intangible resources. Intangible resources also have a significant impact on the firm performance. firm age does not have a moderating role in the relationship between entrepreneurship and firm performance and intangible sources have a mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurship and firm performance.

strengthening the spirit of creativity and entrepreneurship and utilizing different types of intangible resources such as human and structural capital and Improves the firm performance. But the findings did not support the view that in younger companies the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance is stronger.

Contribution:

 There is little research on the effect of company age and intangible resources on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the performance of Iranian companies. this research will be useful in increasing knowledge and filling the research gap.

commonly used Jones-type discretionary accrual models applied in quarterly settings sujested liniear Relationship between Total and discretionary Accruals and independent variables. In addition These models applied in quarterly settings do not adequately control for nondiscretionary accruals that naturally occur due to firm growth. We show that the relationship between quarterly accruals and sales growth (measured over a rolling four-quarter window) is non-linear. Failure to control for the effects of firm growth and performance on innate accruals leads to excessive Type I error rates in tests of earnings management.Growth and accruals are fundamentally related. Our analysis shows that quarterly discretionary accrual models with return on assets (ROA) matching that have been used in much of the prior earnings management literature are considerably related in a non-linear manner with seasonally adjusted measures of sales growth and firm growth. Moreover, we show that seasonally adjusted sales growth and MB are correlated with partitioning variables in past research that are deemed to give rise to earnings management. . Thus we test and show that there is non-linear relationship between sales growth ، firm growth and performance and total Accruals and nondiscretionary accruals.

Tax avoidance is one of the most important decisions managers, which can have a positive or adverse effect on a company's performance by preventing the transfer of the firm's resources to the government. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of tax avoidance on accounting and economic performance criteria of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange with a sample size of 180 companies for the years 2009-2018. To test the hypotheses, multivariate linear regression got used, and to measure the performance of the firm, one accounting criterion free cash flow, and two economic criteria of economic value-added and market value-added have been used. The effective operating cash flow tax rates have also been used to measure avoiding tax. The research findings showed that there is an impact negative and significant tax avoidance on accounting and economic performance criteria of the firm, which means that with increasing tax avoidance, the company's performance has decreased. Therefore, it can be concluded that the choice of tax avoidance strategy as a way to prevent the outflow of resources harms the company's performance, which can be due to undesirable use of the resulting resources.

The agency theory from the economic perspective indicates that a rational economic man is after self-interest maximization. Therefore, to control the opportunistic behavior of the agent, independent directors should be appointed to the board. However, stewardship theory by considering the high-level needs of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and organizational psychology suggests that trust in managers leads to better performance. Since human behavior is influenced by variety of needs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of board independence on financial performance by developing a theory of a combination of the above two theories. Balanced panel data of 124 corporations from the population of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011-2019 is collected. The test of hypotheses is conducted by nonlinear feasible generalized least squares regression method with the help of software Stata done. According to the findings of the study, no significant effect is found between board independence and operational cash flows. However, there is a quadratic significant effect with a downward concussion between the number of non-executive directors and net income. It can be stated that combining the economic perspective of agency theory and the psychological perspective of stewardship theory on board independence has a positive effect on firm profitability. In other words, the research findings confirm that the effectiveness of board consists of executive managers and the majority of non-executive members. Therefore, this study suggests a level of board independence that improves corporate profitability.

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between accounting conservatism and executive compensation-performance sensitivity with a view to identify the influence of accounting conservatism on the efficiency of executive compensation contracts.

This study uses multiple regression models based on the approach of Iyengar and Zampelli (2010), Clarkson et al. (2011) and Huang and Kisgen (2013) with the data from all of China’s listed nonfinancial firms over the period of 10 years to test the relationship between accounting conservatism and the sensitivity of executive compensation performance.

This study finds a positive association between executive compensation and accounting-based measure of performance. More importantly, it reveals that conservatism has a positive relation with the executive compensation-performance sensitivity after controlling for a number of firm-specific factors and control variables. This study shows that the sensitivity of executive compensation to firm performance is higher for firms with higher accounting conservatism.

This is one of the few studies to examine the relationship between accounting conservatism and executive compensation-performance sensitivity. It provides supportive evidence to the argument that accounting conservatism, being an efficient governance mechanism, can help mitigate information risk and moral risk for agency problems.

Today, maintaining public interest, observance of shareholders' rights, transparency of information and the obligation of companies to perform social responsibility are among the most important ideals that have been considered more than past by various supervisory and enforcement agencies. The realization of these ideals requires the existence of solid laws and proper implementation mechanisms, the most important of which is corporate governance. Corporate governance can reduce the problem of agency between shareholders and managers, but for this purpose, it is necessary to use a support mechanism that can reduce the information asymmetry between managers and shareholders and provide credible accounting information for all stakeholders and improve the variable Ownership. This mechanism is an accounting conservatism.
The sample of the study consisted of 104 firm listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2010–2018. As for performance, it was measured by two proxies: return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q the results of the survey show that accounting conservatism cannot consolidate and strengthen the positive impact of ownership structure on firm performance by reducing the conflict of interest and information asymmetry.