جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « پایداری » در نشریات گروه « محیط زیست »

In many developing countries, natural resource conservation has not been a priority despite an increase in production, resulting in reduced agricultural productivity and compromised sustainability. Sustainable agriculture, as a rapidly expanding concept, emphasizes the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of producing food and energy for present and future generations. Smart agriculture, including the intelligentization of agricultural production units and greenhouses, is a key solution to address sustainability challenges by optimizing crop production through environmental control and reducing the impact of climate change. While sustainability is interpreted differently across fields and regions, there is a consensus on the need to use sustainability indicators to measure changes. This study aims to evaluate and validate the environmental sustainability indicators of smart greenhouses, which are unique to each region and country. By adopting a sustainability perspective, this study contributes to a better understanding of the multidimensional nature of agricultural sustainability and the need to consider the social and environmental implications of agricultural practices. The results of this study can help policymakers and practitioners in the field of smart agriculture to develop and implement sustainable agricultural practices that maximize productivity while minimizing environmental and social impacts. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and validating the environmental sustainability indicators of smart greenhouses.

This study targeted greenhouse managers in Isfahan province who utilized intelligent greenhouse management equipment in their production units due to the technological nature of the subject and climatic conditions. The agricultural Jihad Organization's statistics showed that there were 303 greenhouse units in the province, of which 170 were selected as the statistical sample. Isfahan province, known for its advanced technology and high greenhouse production, ranks fourth in greenhouse products in Iran, accounting for 12.33% of the country's greenhouse products.The data collection tool in this research is a questionnaire designed by the researcher in the form of a 5-option Likert scale including "very low", "low", "moderate", "much", "very much". To develop a measurement tool, the study identified three components of economic justification, environmental renewability, and social viability by systematically reviewing previous research on sustainable agriculture:Economic justificationSEC1 Increasing crop productivity using precision agricultureSEC2 reduction of consumption inputs in smart agricultureSEC3 increasing the income of smart greenhouses compared to traditional production unitsSEC4 Improving the quality and marketability of productsSEC5 Optimal management of water consumption in smart greenhousesSEC6 Optimum energy consumption in smart greenhousesEnvironmental renewal SEM1 Use of biological and non-chemical control to control pests and weedsSEM2 use of bio and green fertilizersSEM3 Planting modified and resistant seed varietiesSEM4 Utilization of renewable energiesSEM5 planning of recycling process and waste managementSEM6 Modifying and meeting the needs of the soil or planting bedSocial viabilitySSC1 Employing expert and educated personnel in the production unitSSC2 desire to learn and acquire knowledge of smart technologiesSSC3 Reducing human error in smart greenhouse managementSSC4 Creating sustainable employment for local youth in the regionConfirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to measure the factor structure of the environmental sustainability measurement index. The calculated indices in the research measurement model showed good validity and reliability. One of the advantages of using CFA to evaluate environmental sustainability indicators of smart greenhouses is its ability to systematically measure the validity and reliability of the measurement tool. This approach can be used continuously in similar environments in the future. This study contributes to the literature by providing a systematic approach to measure environmental sustainability in smart greenhouses, which can inform policymakers and practitioners in sustainable agriculture to maximize productivity while minimizing environmental and social impacts.

Descriptive statistics revealed that most greenhouse owners were between the ages of 31-40 and held university degrees, and the majority of production units were personally owned. Given the need for human and financial resources, there is potential for developing the cooperative sector and knowledge-based companies in this field.The study introduced 15 indicators for measuring the environmental sustainability of greenhouses, and factor loading values and t values for each index showed that all identified factors played an important role in explaining the sustainability of smart greenhouses. The factor load values for the selected markers (above 0.5) were statistically significant at the error level of one percent (P<0.01).The confirmatory model revealed that the components of social livability and environmental renewability had a greater role than economic justification in explaining the underlying variable of sustainability, with path coefficients of 0.844 and 0.858, respectively. The results highlight the importance of paying more attention to natural resources and empowering active human resources in the sector. While most agricultural policies in Iran prioritize increasing productivity and efficiency, less attention is given to aspects of justice, social welfare, durability, stability, and compatibility. The study emphasizes that agricultural sustainability is a multidimensional phenomenon, and policymakers should consider other dimensions of efficiency beyond crop production and productivity.

This study has made a significant contribution to the development of scientific concepts and sustainability evaluation indicators in new technologies in the field of agriculture.Despite numerous studies on agricultural sustainability, few efforts have been made to design and validate sustainability measurement indicators specifically for smart agriculture, particularly in greenhouse production units. Valid and reliable indicators are crucial for the agricultural sector worldwide, as farmers, policy makers, decision makers, and agricultural extension workers require accurate information about agricultural activities.However, in most cases, these stakeholders lack the tools to evaluate such information, leading to incorrect decisions, policies, and actions due to the absence of documented knowledge and indices on the sustainability of smart agriculture. Therefore, this article presents a multi-step process for designing and validating sustainability indicators for smart greenhouses in future research. This process is essential to improve the accuracy and reliability of sustainability information and promote sustainable agricultural practices in the greenhouse sector.The development and validation of the environmental sustainability index in this study can have a significant impact on the direction of agricultural policies in the field of intelligentizing greenhouse activities. Researchers, decision-makers, and policymakers face significant challenges in achieving greenhouse sustainability, and this study provides valuable insights and recommendations for addressing these challenges.

In the near future and with the cost of energy becoming more expensive, more plants tend to use waste for energy production. The cost of landfilling is increasing and it is increasing the cost of recycling. On the other hand, alternative fuels are necessary for the production of efficient cement from an economic point of view. Wastes, packaging, and other materials can replace expensive fossil fuels such as coal and oil. But first, they should be converted into high-quality fuel (RDF: Refuse Derived Fuel) and stored safely in factories. This is a duty cement production companies set for themselves by being a member of the Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI) and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD). The goal has been to replace expensive fossil energy sources such as coal, gas, and oil in production and reduce CO2 emissions. This study provides valuable insights into RDF production as a sustainable component of an integrated MSW management system, especially for developing countries, in order to achieve 17 SDGs (17 Sustainable Development Goals) and a circular economy. Suitable RDF has higher moisture, ash, chlorine, sulfur, and nitrogen content than LHV municipal solid waste.

Natural capital is essential for human survival and achieving sustainable development goals. Therefore, a scientific framework is required to evaluate regional natural capitals consumption and their capacity to ensure sustainable development. Natural capitals represent the limiting and irreplaceable factors in human well-being and sustainability of every developmental intervention. Degradation of the accumulation and flows of the natural capitals are the fundamental issues in the discussion of environmental sustainability. The current research has been conducted with the aim of investigating the state of ecosystem sustainability by adopting two approaches of ecological footprint and ecosystem services, and in other words, comparing the amount of demand for resources with the supply of goods and services provided by the ecosystem.

In this research, to investigate the sustainability of Nowshahr's natural and urban ecosystem as the case study, first, the trend of land use changes and its associated phenomena in the region have been investigated using ENVI 5.6 software for processing the satellite images. In order to investigate the change process of the study area, Landsat satellite reference images, TM, ETM+ and OLI sensors were used for the time scale of 2002, 2013 and 2020. Then, the classic ecological footprint of the region was calculated for six types of productive ecosystems, including agricultural lands, pastures, fishing areas, forests, built-up lands, and the carbon demand. The areas of these six land cover types were converted into global hectares using yield and equivalence factors. Subsequently, the maximum amount of ecosystem service flow per global hectare was estimated. And after that, the amount of consumption of natural capital accumulation and the occupation of capital flow in the region were investigated. Finally, the ecosystem stability of the study area was investigated using indicators such as the ecological pressure index (EPI), ecological sustainability index (ESI), ratio of capital stock to flows index, flow occupation ratio index, and excessive natural capital flow index.

According to the research results in the city of Nowshahr, during the period of 2011-2019, the amount of ecological footprint, ecological deficit and pressure have gradually increased, resulting in a reduction of the ecological balance and stability. Only the pasture, forest and fishing areas are in a stable state meaning that the supply of ecological resources is more than the demand, and the pressure is still within the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. In the period of investigation, the amount of use of stock to natural capital flow has increased and has reached almost four times of natural capital flow.

Measuring human demand for natural capital and nature's supply is essential for tracking progress, setting goals, and orientating sustainability policies. By combining the two approaches of evaluating ecosystem services and ecological footprint, it is possible to track human demand and nature's supply from a precise subset of ecosystem services, and therefore ecological balance and sustainability can be examined at the local level. Based on the results of the research, the stability of the region and the status of its ecosystem services is threatened by the cultivated land, and mainly the consumption of fossil energy. Based on the results of the research, in the period of investigation, the stability of the city of Nowshahr has decreased and the status of its ecosystem services are threatened by the cultivated land, and mainly the consumption of fossil energy. During this period and considering factors such as land use level, ecological deficit, footprint depth, ecosystem service flow, ecological pressure index, and ecological sustainability index, agricultural land use was the most unsustainable and fishing was the most sustainable use in city of Nowshahr.

Improving living conditions in human settlements is the ultimate goal of urban development programs and projects. The prerequisite for achieving this goal is necessary to provide suitable living conditions. The purpose of this study is to assessment the livability of Tabriz metropolitan regions based on environmental indicators in mental and objective dimensions. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and analytical in terms of research method. In order to measure the mental condition of environmental livability (including 3 indicators and 25 items), after identifying the indicators, first the relevant questionnaire was designed, after determining the statistical sample at the level of the 10 regions of Tabriz using Cochran's method (413 samples). Also, the latest statistical yearbook of Tabriz metropolis (year 2019) was used to examine the objective dimension (including 17 items). In order to analyze the data, Shannon entropy method has been used to weight the indicators and items of the research and Morris correction method has been used to determine the environmental livability of the regions based on the world literature at 5 levels; Finally, GIS software is used to draw maps to better understand the spatial condition of environmental livability at the region level. The research findings indicate that in terms of mental dimension, 80% of the regions are in a very unsuitable and critical situation and only two regions, 2 and 5, are in a suitable environmental livability condition. Objectively, none of the regions are in good condition and 10 regions are in an unfavorable and unacceptable condition. Finally, in the combined dimension (both objective and mental dimensions), region 2 with a score of 71.23 Morris is in a tolerable environmental condition, region 5 is in an average condition and the other 8 regions of Tabriz metropolis are in an unsuitable and critical condition. The following are suggestions for improving the environmental livability of Tabriz metropolis.

In world literature there have been many disparate uses of the terms sustainability and resilience, with some framing sustainability and resilience as the same concept, and others claiming them to be entirely different and unrelated. However, global and local policy processes often use vague or narrow definitions of the concepts of sustainability and resilience, leading to deep confusion, particularly in instances when the two are used interchangeably. In this regard, the extensive analysis of valid scientific documents and a lot of world-produced knowledge in this field can help most of the researchers on integrated use of sustainability and resilience and provide a framework in this field. In this regard, the data were collected and refined from the Scopus information database and was analyzed with algorithms based on social network analysis in VOSviewer software. A systematic literature review showed that sustainability and resilience are interrelated paradigms that emphasize a system’s capacity to move toward desirable development paths. The findings showed of three generalized management frameworks for organizing sustainability and resilience were found to dominate the literature: (1) Resilience as a component of sustainability, (2) sustainability as a component of resilience, and (3) resilience and sustainability as separate objectives. Applying the knowledge network analysis approach and mapping it is recommended to achieve a holistic perspective in the field of sustainability and resilience research and in the future.

Coastal areas are one of the busiest and most touristy areas, the design and beautification of the landscape is very important, but what is important is to improve safety and security against all kinds of accidents, in other words, to make it resilient.

The main purpose of this research is to design the coastal landscape of Salmanshahr with the aim of promoting resilience, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method and field studies. The statistical population consists of all factors involved with the range, including residents, tourists and experts, of which 100 people have been selected as a statistical sample. Data analysis was performed using T-statistic analysis, regression analysis and SWOT-QSPM analysis.

The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between landscape design and resilience promotion in the range. In addition, the findings indicate that there are many problems in the field of landscape and resilience in the area.

Organizing and designing the landscape of Salmanshahr beach with resilience can lead to the growth and development of tourism in the area.

Today, due to the fact that non-renewable energy resources are running out and the destruction caused by the use of these resources leads to the environment; The attention of countries has been drawn towards the use of renewable resources and sustainable development. At this time, the attitude towards green architectural approaches in schools has a special place because in addition to observing the basic points of green buildings and saving energy, the existence of such schools is an educational tool for teaching sustainable practices to students. The purpose of this research is to investigate the degree of realization of the components of green schools based on the LEED standard tool with an ecological approach in the secondary schools of Semnan province for improvement. In terms of practical purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method and rating and scoring tool, the present research is LEED in the sense of design and environmental guide. The statistical population includes all secondary schools in Semnan province. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and standard indicators, after collecting information and data from the questionnaires; The data were analyzed using Spss software version 22 and with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the LEED index for checking the improvement of suitable schools and from the point of view of having green schools and components are in the lower than average range.

Today, the increasing development of societies has led to the indiscriminate use of natural resources; Environmental degradation; various pollutions have been created and this factor is a threat to the sustainable development of these communities. Therefore, it is necessary for organizations as the largest members of communities to recognize the effects of their behaviors on the environment and to take measures to reduce the negative effects of these behaviors on natural ecosystems. The purpose of this research is measuring the sustainability of green human resource management in the steel industry.

 The methodology of this research is developmental and combined and based on the nature of the research, an attempt was made to identify the dimensions of sustainability of green human resource management based on Meta Synthetic and Delphi analysis in the qualitative part of the research. Then, in a small part, Interpretive ranking process and Mick Mac were used to identify the most effective dimension of green human resource management sustainability at the level of steel companies.

Fidings: 

These components were evaluated through Delphi analysis and the results of this section showed that all seven dimensions were approved. The results in the quantitative part of the research showed that from the total impact based on the pair scale between the components of the research, the percentage of the impact of the sustainability component of green professional identity flow has a more effective role in environmental sustainability than other components of green human resource management.

The identity of the green profession, which is based on the values of social contexts, can contribute to the sustainability of human resource management functions against the environment. In other words, the existence of stimuli arising from the functions of green human resource management will encourage adherence to values and social norms outside the organization, and this can pave the way for the formation of the dominant culture of green human resource management in the organization.

Double skin facades (DSF) are an interesting and important architectural element in buildings because they are very visually appealing and at the same time can perform better than single skin facades.  Double skin facades must be properly designed and implemented, otherwise their potential benefits may be lost. For this reason, the physical processes occurring in a double skin facade must be well understood and predicted. However, they are very dynamic and static. The aim of the current research is to analyze the double skin facade moving in the efficiency of energy consumption in residential buildings in Tabriz city.

In this research, the analytical descriptive method as well as numerical equations, Design Builder software, Converge and sensitivity analysis were used.

The results showed that for the double skinned facade in cold seasons, by blocking the top and bottom of the double skinned facade, the air trapped between the double skinned facades is functional insulation and energy loss is reduced. Also, in hot seasons, by leaving the top and bottom of the skin open and creating air flow between the double skin, the heat transfer from the building increases and as a result, the temperature inside it decreases.

The results of numerical solution of computational fluid dynamics equations in Design Builder software showed that using this method in Tabriz city, the annual cooling load is reduced by 45% and the annual heating load is reduced by 5%.

In the present age, tourism in general and tourism sustainability in particular have become important issues in the relevant scientific arenas. The economic, social, cultural, environmental and institutional subjects have come to the scene for evaluating the current situation and for realizing sustainable tourism development. It is obvious that achieving tourism sustainability in its various dimensions requires the existence of appropriate global measures, indicators and standards for evaluating tourism condition. In this paper we have endeavored to present an integrated framework of sustainable tourism indicators for measuring sustainability in environmental, economic and social aspects such that it is easy to understand, and technically and economically measurable. The framework provides an understanding of the relationship between tourism and the natural environment and is able to monitor management actions. To this end, the potential impacts of tourism were expressed in five different recreational resources (historical sites, mountainous regions, unique areas, protected areas, islands and coastal areas) and then a framework of 153 indicators (physical-ecological, socio-morphological, economic-political), was divided into 46 indicators of sustainability, 77 sustainable tourism and 30 tourism capacity indicators in accordance with sustainability measurement. The optimal use of these indicators can be important in achieving sustainable tourism development.

Today, many cities in the world, especially the central fabric of cities, are suffering from severe erosion. Among these, urban regeneration is an important strategic choice in promoting urban development worldwide. In recent years, the integration of sustainability principles into urban regeneration has become increasingly important. Increasing attention to economic, social, environmental and physical aspects also affects urban regeneration policy. In particular, the search for new ways to regenerate cities in a sustainable way has led to the concept of sustainable urban regeneration. The purpose of this study is to assess the factors affecting sustainable urban regeneration in the dilapidated fabric of Urmia.

The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey and applied in terms of purpose. In data analysis, structural equation analysis using factor analysis with SPSS and AMOS software was used.

The results showed that the environmental index with direct impact with 0.712 and indirect with 0.285, physical index with direct impact of 0.695 and indirect with 0.283, economic index with direct impact of 0.616 and indirect with 0.195 And social index with direct effect of 0.537 and indirect effect with 0.128 have been effective in sustainable urban regeneration of the worn texture of the central part of Urmia.

As a result, environmental, physical, social and economic indicators that were examined in this study. They should be significantly prioritized in future urban reconstruction projects in the city of Urmia to lead to sustainability.

One of the main indicators of hard-working countries in environmental protection is policy making towards education as the third dimension of sustainable development, which green schools play an important role as a global environmental education program based on international standards. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of the green school indicators with a sustainable architecture approach coming true in primary schools in Urmia. For this reason, the descriptive - survey method has been used. The required data were collected and analyzed by a questionnaire tool after obtaining green school indicators from the research literature. The results of the research indicate that the primary schools of Urmia have the green school indicators lower than the average.

An important achievment to urban stability is enjoyment of healthy and wellbeeing environment and having enough green space. While the urban forests do the best performance among different groups of green spaces, therefore, evaluating of this topic, is one of the important methods for solving of environmental problems.

This study will pay attention to check of the quantitative and qualitative status and comparison of two regions of Tehran with the goal of obtaining information for the conservation and optimal development of green space. Collecting the data, were conducted through the field operation and systematic randomly sampling. Totally, 83 plots in two regions have been determined. Then, descriptive indices, adaptive tables of statistical tests for assessing and comparing of quantity and quality of trees in these two regions have been used.

The results indicated that there was a significant difference in the crown cover of urban forests between two regions with no significant difference in other traits. Results showed buttonwood (Platanus orientalis) had highest frequency within two regions. There was a positive and significant correlation between traits like, plots with height, diameter at breast height, main collar diameter, number of tree in plot and number of roots.

While there weren't any difference between succulence of trees in two regions, results showed the highest level of freshness in regions 1 were obtained by oak (Quercus macranthera), white berry (Morus alba) and Poplar (Populus nigra)  and in 5 regions regarding to acacia (Robinia Pseudoacacia) and  trees of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) were  respectively. Therefore, the species listed for the development of urban forests in these areas can be investigated.

Environmental sustainability represents material and non-material actions that provide key information on environmental impacts, compliance, stakeholder relationships, and organizational systems and represent definitions of the effectiveness and productivity of environmental actions. Environmental performance means the amount of impact that physical activity has on the environment . It highlights the environmental sustainability dimensions and assesses the performance of policies and programs of countries in reducing environmental problems, environmental protection and natural resource management. The purpose of this research was to analysis  the effects of villagers environmental performance on their perception toward environmental sustainability in Baghmalek county.

The present study is quantitative  in terms of its nature and objectives, a descriptive survey in terms of data collection, and a correlation study in terms of analyzing the data. Statistical population of the study was rural households heads in central region of Baghmalek township located at Khuzestan Province (N=3005). Sample size determined via Krejcie and Morgan’s table (n=341). Sampling method was proportional stratified random sampling. Research instrument was questionnaire. Which its face and content validity were confirmed a by panel of experts. To determine the reliability of the research tool, a pilot test was conducted that the Cronbach's alpha values for the main scales of the questionnaire was in the desirable range (0.78 to 0.91).

The results of descriptive statistics showed that the mean of respondents' perception toward environmental sustainability was 3.66 out of 6. Also, the calculated mean for environmental performance was 3.79 out of 6. Among the components of environmental performance, consumption with average (4.36 out of 6) and recycling with average (3.45 out of 6) had the highest and lowest priority, respectively. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the values of composite reliability (CR) and extracted mean variance (AVE) calculated for environmental performance components were obtained at optimum level. Considering the significant correlation between environmental performance components, this structure had logical validity. The results of the measuring coefficients of the items of respondents' perception toward environmental sustainability showed that the value of the AVE was at the appropriate level and the CR was at the optimum level. Also, there was significant correlations between items of perception showed that this variable had acceptable logical validity. The findings of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that environmental performance had positive and significant effect on the respondents perception toward environmental sustainability. So that this variable explained 13 percent of the variance in perception. Also, results showed that three components of environmental performance (consumption, institutional and recycling) had positive and significant effect on the respondents perception toward environmental sustainability. So that these components could explain 24 percent of the of the variance in respondents perception.

As a general conclusion, it can be said that in the villages under study, environmental behavior needs to be adequately informed about environmental performance. As a result, as villagers' skills lead to higher levels of positive environmental performance,  will perform more environmentally friendly behaviors that can help promote environmental sustainability.

Knowledge and information on the environment play a major role in the activities of the community. These information’s pave the way for the development of human societies and reduce environmental problems. Today, environmental threats have been taken into consideration by human beings and focused on public opinion. The reason for these threats is that it has created major problems in terms of environmental sustainability and, on the other hand, much attention has been paid to the issue of sustainability and environmental health in agricultural production due to its harmful effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and prioritize factors affecting wheat production with an emphasis on environmental sustainability.

the statistical population includes 50 experts and experts in agriculture Jihad in Sistan region, using fuzzy hierarchical analysis and demetal analysis techniques.

The results of the fuzzy AHP indicate that the educational-promotional dimension is the highest (0.45) and then management (0.31), technical (0.12) and economic (0.10) respectively. Also, the results are shown using the DEMATEL method The first educational extension followed by the administrative, technical and economic dimensions of 34.44%, 32.17%, and 33.31% on wheat production in Sistan region.

Therefore, it is recommended that educational programs be promoted by the farmers of Sistan Agricultural Jihad for wheat farmers, taking into account the farmers' needs and the rural conditions of the region.

Nowadays, environmental performance of companies is considered as one of the main components of measuring and measuring the sustainability of a company. According to the latest World Health Organization news and information, environmental health, and especially human health, is in critical and dangerous situations. During the 10-year period from 2010 to 2017. Indicators and components have been developed to calculate the environmental performance variable, using the method of zero and one to quantify them. Also, data analysis and testing of research hypotheses have been done using graphical comparative method. The results of the study showed that attention to environmental performance and adherence to its indicators in cement companies is better than other industries.

The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the sustainability of rain fed and irrigated wheat products in Golestan province.

The required data were collected from Golestan Agricultural Jihad Organization, Agricultural Jihad Agricultural Production Cost System and also by completing the questionnaires. Also, to weighing criteria and sub-criteria that determines the sustainability, some expert’s opinions in agricultural economics, agricultural extension and education, environment, agronomy and plant protection were used. Finally, using aggregation of economic, social and environmental indicators, the sustainability of the irrigated and rain fed wheat in Golestan province during 2015-2016 was evaluated and compared. Hierarchical analysis method was used for achieving the research purpose.

The results of this study showed that rain fed wheat in the environmental indices (fertilizer use, pesticides use, irrigation water, farm machinery and combined agriculture) with the score of 0.679is more compatible with the environment than irrigated wheat with a score of 0.331. Also, in economic indices (gross margin of agriculture, product gross margin, crop yield and insurance yield), irrigated wheat with the score of 0.538 was more sustainable than rain fed wheat, with a sustainability score of 0.462. Finally, in social indicators (level of education, age of farmers, labor sub jobs and family size), rainfed wheat with a score of 0.56 is more sustainable than irrigated wheat with a score of 0.44. In addition, the overall sustainability index indicates that rainfed wheat is more sustainable than irrigated wheat.

According to the results, it is recommended that wheat cultivation should be promoted with dehydration-resistant species.

Environmental sustainability assessment is one of the most important tools in the process of sustainable development planning and therefore attention to it in policy-making and planning is inevitable. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to assess and evaluate the degree of environmental sustainability among the cities of East Azerbaijan province.

The research method is descriptive-analytical with an applied purpose. The statistical population of the study is 20 cities of East Azerbaijan provinces. In order to evaluate and rank the environmental sustainability, 13 indicators of environmental components of the cities of the province were selected from the statistical yearbook of 2012. These variables were weighed using Shannon entropy method was used.

Findings indicate differences in environmental sustainability among cities in the province. So that out of 20 cities, 4 sustainable cities (Ajabshir, Bonab, Varzeqan and Marand with scores of 0.0271, 0.1510, 0.1810 and 0.2144, respectively), 2 relatively stable cities (Bostanabad and Jolfa respectively) With a score of 0.2795 and 0.3846), 6 semi-sustainable cities (Tabriz, Maragheh, Malekan, Schister, Khodaafarin and Miyaneh with a score of 0.4755, 0.5145, 0.59393, 0.5832, 0.5933 and respectively 0.6459), 5 relatively semi-unstable cities (Charavimaq, Harris, Kalibar, Sarab and Azarshahr with scores of 0.6879, 0.7244, 0.796, 0.760 and 0.8125, respectively) and 3 cities (Osko, Ahar) And Hashtrood with a score of 0.836, 0.9001 and 0.9999, respectively) are among the deprived cities of the province in terms of environmental conditions that have less environmental sustainability.

The results of the research indicate that the cities of East Azarbaijan are in a semi-stable position in terms of environmental sustainability. In general, it can be seen that most of the cities in the process of environmental sustainability are in a semi-stable and relatively unstable state and need more priority to implement sustainable development plans.