جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « گشنیز » در نشریات گروه « زراعت »

One of the important challenges in the agricultural sector is the low use efficiency of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, as well as the competition of weeds with crops. In this regard, it is important to use management solutions to reduce the use of chemical inputs. To increase the quality level of food used by humans while reducing environmental pollution. One of the management solutions is the use of controlled-release fertilizers. Considering the desire to increase the quantity and quality of the coriander plant and also to identify the best-studied genotype, research was conducted in this field to investigate the effect of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer and the competition of weeds in the region on the agricultural and medicinal properties of different genotypes of coriander. 

The experiment was carried out in factorial form based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the teaching and research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture Shahed University of Tehran in the 2019 season. An experimental treatment consisted of three factors including: 1) nitrogen fertilizer sources (Control treatment: without nitrogen fertilizer; SCU: with rate of N, 70 kg ha-1, and urea: with rate of N, 70 kg ha-1), 2) genotypes (Nahavandi, Pishgam and, Ethiopia), and 3) weeding (weedy and weeding by hand). The experimental plot size was 2×2 m2 dimensions with a plant spacing of 25 cm ×10 cm. A space of 1.5 m between plots and 2 m between blocks were maintained. At the end of the growth period, coriander plants of 1 m2 per plot were harvested, and fruit yield per plot was measured. Also, in the plots under weed competition, the competition index was evaluated. Sampling of weeds was done in two stages (in the growing stage of the main plant and another in the ripening stage of the seeds) using quadrats of 30 x 30 cm and the abundance and biomass of each plot was calculated. To evaluate the percentage of the essential oil of coriander seeds, the Clevenger device was used with the steam distillation method to identify and determine the essential oil compounds extracted from the gas chromatography device.

Related to the competitive indices, results showed that, the Pishgam genotype had the highest ability to withstand competition (%), and the lowest yield loss (%), and, the Nahandi genotype had the lowest ability to withstand competition (%) and the highest yield loss (%). It seems that the Pishgam genotype was more successful in competing with weeds due to its early maturity and higher germination rate. So, it has a higher ability to tolerate weed competition than other genotypes. Regarding fruit yield, the findings of this experiment revealed a significant increase in yield with the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the weeded plots. Additionally, the Ethiopian genotype exhibited the highest fruit yield among the weeded plots. However, the fruit yield of genotypes did not show significant differences in the un-weeded plots. This suggests that weed competition significantly limited fruit yield compared to the inherent characteristics of the genotypes assessed in this trial. Ethiopian genotype showed the highest percentage of essential oil in all nitrogen fertilizer sources. In the Pishgam genotype, the most essential oil was obtained in the sulfur-coated urea treatment but, in the Nahavandi genotype, the most essential oil belonged to the control fertilizer treatment. Due to the difference in the genetic structure of genotypes, various results have been observed, which can be due to the difference in the fertility of different genotypes. Also, the results of this experiment showed that the main composition of coriander essential oil is linalool.

The results showed that N fertilizer and weeding significantly increased seed yield. And the Ethiopian genotype had the highest seed yield and essential oil in weeded plots. Also, the Pishgam genotype had the highest Ability to withstand competition (%) and the lowest Yield loss (%).

Coriander is an annual herb of the umbel family and is belonged from North Africa to south-western of Asia. Coriander is one of the important medicinal plant that used in the pharmaceutical industry and it mainly cultivated and widely distributed for the fruits. The dried fruits are widely employed as a condiment, especially for flavoring of sauces, meat products and bakery and confectionery items. Also, coriander fruits are as a source of essential oils and fatty oil. Water deficit stress is one of the most important factors limiting the growth and survival of plants in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Water is a major component of the fresh produce and significantly effects on weight and quality of plants. Also, water deficit may cause significant changes in the yield and composition of essential oils in aromatic and medicine plants. So that, was reported that water deficit increased essential oil percentage in coriander but decreased essential oil yield. Iran with an average annual rainfall of 240 mm is included among arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Of the million hectares of cultivated region, only five millions are under irrigation because of intense water limitations. However, Iran is one of the world’s commercial coriander producers. Coriander has been cultivated for many years in different parts of Iran. Therefore, development of drought-tolerant cultivars with high essential oil yield is important in coriander. This research was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of drought stress on morphological, physiological and phytochemical characteristics of endemic coriander genotypes.

F2 generations derived from half-diallel crosses of six endemic coriander genotypes including Isfahan, Hamedan, Bushehr, Mazandaran, Markazi and Alborz, together with their parents were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications in each experiment during growing season of 2016 in the research field of Tarbiat Modares University. Plants were treated with different levels of water treatment: well watered (WW), moderate water stress (MWS) and severe water stress (SWS). Data were collected on fruit yield, oil content and oil yield. GGE biplot statistical method (genotype effect + genotype × environment interaction) was used to study stability of genotypes in the studied environments.

Results of Combined analysis of variance indicated that the effects of environments, genotypes and genotype × environment interaction were significant, suggesting that the genotypes responded differently in the studied environment conditions. So, there was the possibility of stability analysis. Results of stability analysis using GGE biplot method indicated that the two first and second principal components of the GGE biplot explained 71.9% of the total essential oil yield variation. Based on the hypothetical ideal genotype biplot, the genotypes G17 (Mazandaran  Hamadan) and G4 (Alborz   Mazandaran) were better than the other genotypes across environments for essential oil yield and stability and had the high general adaptation to all environments. Furthermore, the genotype G18 (Mazandaran   Bushehr) in E2 and E3 environments and genotype G9 (Markazi   Mazandaran) in E1 environment were superior genotypes with the high specific adaptation. Comparison of the studied environments showed that the E2 and E3 environments were quite similar in ranking, grouping and assessing stability of the genotypes, whereas the E1 environment was different from the other environments. Overall, the results showed that all environments had high discriminating ability so that could able to show differences between genotypes. The moderate stress environment was the nearest environment to ideal environment that had the highest discriminating ability and representativeness.

Generally, the results indicated that all environments had high discriminating ability so that could able to show differences between genotypes. Also, the genotypes G17 and G4 as stable and drought tolerant genotype can be considered as donor parent which contains drought tolerance genes and could be used to improve coriander high essential oil yield in drought condition.

A field experiment was carried out as a split-plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2020, to evaluate physiological performance and grain and oil yield of coriander, in response to water limitation and foliar application of salicylic acid and brassinosteroid. Treatments were four levels of water supply (irrigation after 70, 100, 130 and 160 mm evaporation from class A pan) and three levels of foliar application (control (foliar application of water), foliar application of salicylic acid (1 mmolar) and foliar application of brassinosteroid (1 μmolar). Irrigation and foliar application treatments were allocated to main and subplots, respectively. In this study, proline content, leaf chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids content, antioxidant enzymes activity, soluble sugars and anthocyanin content and oil percentage and yield of coriander were evaluated. Water deficit stress resulted in a 20.6% and 21.6% decrease in chlorophylls a and b content, respectively and a 62.9% increase in leaf carotenoids. However, leaf proline content increased under water deficit stress. The mean leaf chlorophyll a content increased significantly (11.4%) compared to the control with salicylic acid

To investigate the effect of biological fertilizers and vermicompost, on vetch and coriander in different intercropping mixtures (medicinal forage), an experiment was conducted in split plot based on RCBD design with 3 replications. The experiment was conducted in Research Farm of College of Agriculture, University of Tehran in Karaj, Iran during growing season of 1389-1390   The main factor comprised of 4 levels of fertilizer application viz. control (no fertilizer application), vermicompost, biological fertilizer and biological fertilizer + 50% vermicompost.  The sub plots were allocated to 7 levels of different mixtures of intercropping of vetch and coriander including: sole cropping of vetch (weed infested) (Vw), sole cropping of vetch (weed free) (V0), sole cropping of coriander (weed infested) (Cw), sole cropping of coriander (weed free) (C0), intercropping of vetch + 50% coriander (VC50), intercropping of vetch + 75% coriander (VC75), and intercropping of vetch + 100% coriander (VC100).  The measured parameters  was weed biomass.  The results indicated that vemicompost across all levels of intercropping had significant effect on decrease weed biomass.  Also the lowest weed biomass was achieved in (VC75) and (VC100) intercroppings.  According to the results of this experiment, to decrease the consumption in herbicides and increase the level of health application of intercropping and natural fertilizers could be recommended.

Coriander is an annual herb of the umbel family and is belonged from North Africa to south-western of Asia. Coriander is one of the important medicinal plant that used in the pharmaceutical industry and it mainly cultivated and widely distributed for the fruits. The dried fruits are widely employed as a condiment, especially for flavoring of sauces, meat products and bakery and confectionery items. Also, coriander fruits are as a source of essential oils and fatty oil. Water deficit stress is one of the most important factors limiting the growth and survival of plants in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Water is a major component of the fresh produce and significantly effects on weight and quality of plants. Also, water deficit may cause significant changes in the yield and composition of essential oils in aromatic and medicine plants. So that, was reported that water deficit increased essential oil percentage in coriander but decreased essential oil yield. Iran with an average annual rainfall of 240 mm is included among arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Of the million hectares of cultivated region, only five millions are under irrigation because of intense water limitations. However, Iran is one of the world’s commercial coriander producers. Coriander has been cultivated for many years in different parts of Iran. Therefore, development of drought-tolerant cultivars with high essential oil yield is important in coriander. This research was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of drought stress on morphological, physiological and phytochemical characteristics of endemic coriander genotypes.

F2 generations derived from half-diallel crosses of six endemic coriander genotypes including Isfahan, Hamedan, Bushehr, Mazandaran, Markazi and Alborz, together with their parents were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications in each experiment during growing season of 2016 in the research field of Tarbiat Modares University. Plants were treated with different levels of water treatment: well watered (WW), moderate water stress (MWS) and severe water stress (SWS). Data were collected on fruit yield, essential oil content and essential oil yield. GGE biplot statistical method (genotype effect + genotype × environment interaction) was used to study stability of genotypes in the studied environments.

Results of Combined analysis of variance indicated that the effects of environments, genotypes and genotype × environment interaction were significant, suggesting that the genotypes responded differently in the studied environment conditions. So, there was the possibility of stability analysis. Results of stability analysis using GGE biplot method indicated that the two first and second principal components of the GGE biplot explained 96.4% of the total essential oil yield variation. Based on a hypothetical ideal genotype biplot, the genotype G17 was better than the other genotypes across environments for essential oil yield and stability and had the high general adaptation in all environments. . Furthermore, the genotype G9 at E1 environment and genotype G18 in E2 and E3 environments were superior genotypes with the high specific adaptation. Too, the results showed that all environments had high discriminating ability so that could able to show differences between genotypes. The moderate stress environment was the nearest environment to ideal environment that had the highest discriminating ability and representativeness.

Generally, the results indicated that all environments had high discriminating ability so that could able to show differences between genotypes. Also, the genotype as stable and drought tolerant genotype can be considered as donor parent which contains drought tolerance genes and could be used to improve coriander high essential oil yield in drought condition.

Coriander is one of the most important medicinal plants which has been used in the pharmaceutical industry. GGE Biplot method is one of the suitable methods for analyzing data with bilateral structure. In this research, the GGE Biplot model was used to evaluate the combinability of coriander essential oil yield in Diallel cross progenies of six parental coriander genotypes including Isfahan, Hamedan, Bushehr, Mazandaran, Markazi, and Alborz in the F1 generation in different irrigation regimes and three experiments separately through randomized complete blocks design with three replications in each experiment during the growing season of 2016. The results of genetic variance analysis showed that the effect of general and specific compatibility for essential oil yield was significant, indicating the importance of additive and non-additive genetic effects for this trait. In this study, the role of non-additive gene was more conspicuous than those of additive gene in controlling the essential oil yield. Therefore, providing superior hybrids by utilizing breeding methods based on the test progeny will be effective to improve these traits. Also, the results of the Biplot graphic analysis indicated that parental genotypes of Mazandaran (P4) and Bushehr (P6) had large specific and general compatibility and can be used as suitable parents for crosses to develop high-yielding varieties in coriander.

In this study, the biplot method, was used to evaluate interrelationships among different traits in coriander. F1 Progenies derived from Diallel crosses among six coriander landraces were evaluated in three different irrigation conditions through randomized complete block design with three replications at the research field of college of agricultural during growing season of 2016. Results demonstrated that there was a significant positive association between fruit yield and fertile umbel number per plant, thousand fruit weight, fruit number per plant and relative water content in all of three irrigation conditions. Due to the negative correlation between phonological traits with fruit yield in all irrigation conditions, it could be concluded that to gain genotypes with high fruit yield selection for early ripening genotypes should be done in coriander. In this study, a significant correlation was observed between fruit yield and chlorophyll content, relative water content and cell membrane stability in both mild stress and intense stress conditions. Therefore, these traits can be used as physiological indices to evaluate drought tolerance in coriander. Also, results of biplot indicated that among studied genotypes, G16 was the most appropriate genotype for fruit yield and yield related traits.

Field experiment was carried out as split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017, to evaluate physiological and morphological performance and oil yield of coriander, in response to water limitation and foliar application of zinc. Treatments were four levels of water supply (irrigation after 70, 100, 130 and 160 mm evaporation from class A pan) and three levels of zinc foliar application (control (foliar application of water), foliar application of zinc with 3 g ZnSo4/L (Zn1) and foliar application of zinc with 6 g ZnSo4/L (Zn2)).Irrigation and foliar application treatments were allocated to main and sub plots, respectively. Decreasing water availability resulted in decreasing leaf relative water content and chlorophyll content. However, proline content of leaves enhanced under limited irrigation conditions. Mean leaf chlorophyll content significantly enhanced by exogenous spray of zinc with 6 g ZnSo4/L, compared with control. Decreasing water supply led to reduction in plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant and grain yield. Foliar application of zinc with 6 g ZnSo4/L caused significant increase in plant height and grain yield. Oil percentage in the grains of coriander increased as a result of water deficit, but grain oil yield decreased with increasing irrigation intervals. Oil yield significantly enhanced by foliar application of zinc with 6 g ZnSo4/L. There was no significant difference between 3 and 6 g ZnSo4/L foliar application of zinc.This would become more important under conditions where water availability is limited.

In order to study the effect of separate and combined application of phosphorus and biofertilizer, phosphate barvar2 on vegetative growth, grain yield and essential oil content of coriander, the factorial experiment was conducted as complete random block design with three replications in research field of Giroft Azad University. The experimental factors were included three phosphorus levels (0, 75 and 150 kg triple superphosphate ha-1) and three biofertilizer, phosphate barvar2 levels (0, 100 and 200 g ha-1). Phosphate barvar2 biofertilizer improved coriander vegetative characteristics significantly. Maximum means of growth characteristics were obtained when 150 kg triple superphosphate ha-1 combined with 200 or 100 g phosphate barvar2 ha-1. With the exception of final biomass and stem diameter, in other vegetative traits no significant differences were observed between 75 kg triple superphosphate ha-1 + 200 g phosphate barvar2 and 150 kg triple superphosphate ha-1 + 100 or 200 g phosphate barvar2. Phosphate barvar2 biofertilizer, increased grain yield and yield components and essential oil content significantly when compared with control. Maximum means of these traits were obtained when 200 g phosphate barvar2 ha-1 was applied. Combined applications of phosphorus and phosphate barvar2 biofertilizer increased grain yield and yield components and essential oil content significantly when compared with their separate applications. The results of this study showed that use of phosphate barvar2 biofertilizer plays a significant role in increasing the quantative and qualitative yields of coriander and it can be used as an alternative for phosphorus fertilizer in sustainable agriculture.

Coriander is mainly cultivated and widely distributed for the seeds. Therefore, development cultivar with high seed yield is important in coriander. On other hands, seed yield is a complex quantitative trait, considerably affected by environment and usually has a low heritability. Therefore, Study on relationships between yield and its components will improve the efficiency of a breeding program with appropriate selection criteria. The objectives of this research were to analyze the correlation between seed yield and related traits in coriander and by applyusing sequential path analysis and heritability estimates to identifying effective traits for which may be useful in breeding higher-yieldingimprove coriander genotypes. Plant materials including 36 genotypes of diallel crosses progenies of six coriander landrace and theirF1 and F2 generations were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The phonological, morphological characteristics and yield and its components including days to flowering, days to end of flowering, days to ripening, leaf number, branch number per plant, umbel number per plant, fertile umbel number per plant, seed number per plant, thousand seed weight, seed weight per plant (seed yield) and chlorophyll content were measured. Diallel analysis through Griffing method, correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and sequential path analysis was performed on the data. Results of genetic analysis of variance showed significant general and specific combining abilities for all traits that reveals the importance of both additive and non additive gene effect in controlling these traits. Also, results showed that the highest coefficient correlation was obtained between fertile umbel number per plant (r=0.67**) and thousand seed weight (r=0.66**) with seed yield. Sequential stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to organize the predictor variables into first and second order paths based on their respective contributions to the total variation of yield and minimum collinearity. Based on the variance inflation factor and magnitude of direct effects, fertile umbel number per plant (r=0.45**), days to flowering (r=-0.46**), thousand seed weight (r=0.31**) and seed number per plant (r=0.30**) were considered as first order variables and accounted for 86 percent of total variation of yield. The t-test of significance, using standard error values, indicating that all direct effects were significant. Number of fertile umbels had the largest direct effect (0.45) on seed weight and also number of fertile umbels had the largest indirect effect (0.40) on seed weight through thousand seed weight. The results indicated that three traits including fertile umbel number per plant, thousand seed weight and seed number per plant considering the positive correlation and direct effect with seed yield and having additive genetic control and high narrow-sense heritability, can be used as a suitable criterion in selecting for increased seed yield in breeding programs of coriander in different generations of coriander under field conditions. Also, considering the negative correlation and direct effect of day to flowering with seed yield and having additive genetic control and high narrow-sense heritability, early maturity can be considered as an independent selection index for breeding of different varieties of coriander

Regarding to the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers in agroecosystems, sustainable management of nutrients and non-chemical inputs are the priorities of sustainable production systems. In order to study the effects of manure and foliar application of amino acid on growth characteristics, seed yield and essential oil of coriander, an experiment was conducted at Firouzkuh, Iran in 2013. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks design with factorial arragment in three replications. The factors were manure application (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 t/ha) and amino acid spraying (control, spraying). Measured traits were consisted of plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, biological yield, seed yield and essential oil content in the seeds. Results showed that the highest plant height (62.83cm) and biological yield (9281.71 kg/ha) obtained by using 9 ton manure per hectare. But, applying 12 ton manure per hectare caused maximum leaf area index (1.42), seed yield (1399.84 kg/ha) and essential oil (0.56%). Also, amino acid spraying had significant effects on all traits. Mean comparison showed that amino acid spraying caused maximum plant height (61.27 cm), leaf area index (1.28), biological yield (7693.15 kg/ha), seed yield (1110.92 kg/ha) and essential oil (0.50 %). Results of this investigation showed that applying manure and foliar application of amino acids have a important role in providing nutrients for coriander in sustainable production systems.

Application of proper rates of nitrogen fertilizer and plant density are important factors for medicinal plants yield. To study the effect of nitrogen rates and plant densities on yield and yield components of coriander, an experiment was carried out in split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Field of Islamic Azad University of Birjand, Iran, in 2013. The main plots were nitrogen rates with four levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N per ha) and the sub-plots with three levels (30, 40 and 50 plants per m2). The results showed that nitrogen rate had significant effect on number of umbel per plant and per m2, fruit number per umbel, fruit yield, biological yield, fruit weight of single plant, biomass yield of single plant and percent and yield of essential oil. Changes in plant density, also had significant effect on all traits except fruit number per umbel, 1000-fruit weight and percent of essential oil. Moreover, interaction effect between nitrogen rate and plant density affected all traits except umbel number per plant, fruit number per umbel and percent and yield of essential oil. Mean comparisons showed that as N fertilization rate increased from 0 to 80 kg N ha-1, umbel number per m2, fruit yield, biological yield and essential oil yield increased by 62.5, 74.1, 74.3 and 186.8%, respectively. Results also revealed that increasing plant density from 30 to 50 plants per m2, increased these traits by 25.6, 31.4, 21.8 and 37.4%, respectively. The conclusion is that application of 80 kg N ha-1 and use of 50 plants/m2 produced highest fruit and essential oil yield for coriander in Birjand region.

To investigate the effects of mycorrhizal fungi، phosphatic biofertilizer and manure application on yield and quantitative and qualitative criteria of coriander an experiment was conducted at Khoramabad during growing season of 2013. The experiment design was applied as factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design with 18 treatments and three replications. The factors were mycorrhizal inoculation in two levels (non-inoculation and inoculation)، phosphate biofertilizer in three levels (zero، 35 and 70 kg/ha) and manure in three levels (10، 20 and 30 ton/ha). Result indicated that mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphate biofertilizer had significant (one percent) effects on plant height، inflorescence number per plant، 1000 seed weight، seed yield، biomass yield، essential oil and essential oil yield of coriander. Mean comparison showed that the highest effects among factors were obtained by mycorrhizal inoculation on all parameters. The highest seed yield)1780. 67 kg/ha)، biomass yield (3831. 7 kg/ha) and essential oils (0. 4 percent) were obtained of inoculation with mycorrhiza، consumption of 70 kg/ha phosphate biofertilizer and 20 ton/ha manure and they were 80، 51 and 135 percent more efficient than chemical control، respectively. Positive and synergistic interactions were obtained between mycorrhizal inoculation × phosphate biofertilizer on seed yield.

To evaluate the effects of drought stress and organic fertilizers on proline, total chlorophyll, carbohydrate amounts and nutrients uptake in coriander, a study was carried out in the experimental farm plots in the form of split plot in complete block with three replications in 2011. Treatments were consisted of three levels of drought stress (30, 60 and 90% of field capacity) and fertilizer treatments (control, complete fertilizer, manure and vermicompost). The results indicated that drought stress had significant effects on chlorophyll, proline, carbohydrates amounts and on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptakes and on sodium concentrations in plant (p<0.01). Fertilizer application had significant effects at five percent level for proline while on carbohydrate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sodium concentration it was considerable on the rate of one percent. Fertilizer treatments on chlorophyll content were not significantly effective.

In this study, the effect of 5-Aminolevolinic acid (ALA), a key precursor in the biosynthesis of porphyrin and the new plant growth regulator, was studied on some physiological responses of coriander plant under drought stress. The layout was a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three levels of drought stress (irrigation within 100%, 60% and 30% field capacity) and four concentrations of ALA (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1mM) as factors. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of agricultural faculty of Ilam University in 2010. Statistical analysis showed the significant effects of the drought and ALA on plant physiological parameters including leaf relative water content (RWC), water use efficiency (WUE), praline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and chlorophyll content. In drought conditions, chlorophyll content and RWC were reduced but MDA accumulation, praline content and WUE increased. ALA application significantly caused increasing of RWC, WUE, chlorophyll content and proline accumulation and decreasing of MDA content in plant. In this study, ALA treatment with increasing of praline and chlorophyll content and reducing of MDA accumulation decreased the adverse effects of drought stress on the coriander plant.

In order to study the response of coriander medicinal plant to salt stress, two experiments were conducted for germination and vegetative stages. This study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications. The treatments were salinity at five concentrations including 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl. Response of coriander seeds germination in first experiment and physiologic characteristics in second experiment were evaluated. Results showed that increase of salinity significantly decreased germination characteristics including germination percentage and rate, radicle and plumule length and dry weigtht (p≤ 0.01). With the increase of salinity, morphological traits like, number of leaves, root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight in shoot and root decreased. Effect of salt stress on amount of chlorophyll, proline, soluble carbohydrates and phenolic compounds was significant (p≤0.01). Mean comparison of treatments showed that with increasing salt stress, amount of proline, carbohydrates and phenolic compounds increased in shoot and root, while concentration of chlorophyll of leaves decreased. Our results support the idea that, accumulation of proline, soluble carbohydrates and phenolic compounds is associated with plant tolerance to salt stress.