جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « biochemical parameters » در نشریات گروه « علوم دام »

This study was performed to compare the effect of diets containing ethanolic extract of Echinophora platyloba at two levels of 0.3% and 0.5% and Phosphoflavomycin growth-promoting antibiotic (0.04%) on performance, immune response, and blood biochemical characteristics of broilers using 160 male day-old chicks in a completely randomized design manner using 4 experimental groups, 4 replications and 10 chicks in each experimental unit. The results indicate that in the fourth week of production, there was a significant increase in body weight of the treatment receiving Echinophora platyloba extract (0.3%) compared to other experimental groups (P≤0.05). On day 14th, in both groups fed with Echinophora platyloba extract (0.3 and 0.5%), a significant increase in feed conversion ratio was found when compared to the control and growth promoter antibiotic treatments (p≤0.05). The treatment fed with 0.3% Echinophora platyloba extract increased the percentage of carcass and spleen significantly (p≤0.05) when compared with other dietary treatments. No significant changes are found due to both levels of Echinophora platyloba extract on immune response and blood biochemical parameters of broilers. In contrast, the group fed with antibiotic significantly reduced the blood levels of LDL and ALP, when compared with control and 0.3% Echinophora platyloba groups (p≤0.05). In general, the application of Echinophora platyloba extract (0.3%) led to a significant improvement in performance and some carcass traits percentage of broilers and could be recommended as a suitable alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.

This study aimed to compare experimental treatments containing Leek extract with Phosphoflavomycin growth-promoter antibiotic using 160 Ross-308 day-old chicks in a completely randomized design manner with 4 experimental treatments, 4 replicates, and 10 chicks per replicate for 42 days. Treatments consisted of 1) control group (basal diet); 2) basal diet with Phosphoflavomycin antibiotic growth promoter (0.04%); 3) basal diet with 0.3% Leek ethanolic extract; and 4) basal diet with 0.5% Leek ethanolic extract (P≤0.05). Feed intake, feed conversion ratio, visceral weights, antibody production against Influenza and Newcastle diseases, biochemical parameters of Glucose, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, LDL, Albumin, Total Protein, and AST were not affected by different treatments (P≥0.05). However, both groups fed Leek extract (0.3% and 0.5% of diet) increased serum levels of liver enzymes of ALT and ALP significantly, compared with Phosphoflavomycin growth promoter (P≤0.05). Based on the findings of the current study, it can be concluded that consumption of Leek ethanolic extract (0.5% of the diet) showed a significant enhancement on the body weight of broilers, with no impact on visceral weights, immune status, and blood biochemical indices.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition of a nitroglycerin (NG) slow release drug on performance, blood and hormonal parameters of broiler chicks under ascites induction conditions. A total of 500 broiler chicks at 7 days of age were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 5 replicates and 20 chicks per each replication. The experimental treatments included: 1) positive control group (without induction of ascites and without addition of NG); 2) negative control group (induction of ascites without adding NG, treatments 3, 4 and 5, including induction of ascites with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg NG in diet, respectively. In order to induce cold stress, the temperature was fixed at 15oC from 15 until 42 day of age. The results showed that the feed intake and body weight were not affected by experimental treatments in the growth and finisher period, but the use of nitroglycerin (20 mg / kg) resulted in a significant improvement in the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the finisher and the whole period. Efficiency of energy and protein consumption as well as production index significantly improved with consumption of 20 mg NG compared to negative control group, which was comparable to that of control group. The concentration of blood glucose was significantly increased as a result of stress. The levels of T3 and T3 / T4 ratios increased by stress and decreased by using NG.

In order to investigate the effect of feeding zinc-methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, ruminal fermentation parameters and some blood metabolites, an experiment was conducted on fifteen Kermani male lambs with average initial body weight of 32.1 ± 0.88 kg as a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 5 replicates for 8 weeks. The experimental treatments were basal diet without supplemental Zn (Control), basal diet plus 50 mg Zn/kg diet of Zn-Met, and basal diet supplemented with 100 mg Zn/kg diet of Zn-Met. The results showed that lambs fed with 100 mg/kg diet of Zn supplementation had lower feed intake than the other treatments (P<0.01). Lambs received 50 mg Zn /kg of diet had higher average daily gain than those on control diet (P<0.05). Lambs fed with Zn supplementation (50 or 100 mg/kg) had better feed conversion ratio than the control group (P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was higher in lambs fed 50 mg/kg of Zn supplementation than those of the control (P<0.05). However, no difference in fat and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility was observed between treatments. Additionally, feeding Zn-Met supplementation diet had no significant effect on pH and ammonia nitrogen of ruminal fluidas well as serum glucose, total protein, triglyceride and urea concentrations of lambs. According to these results, feeding 50 mg/kg diet of Zn supplemented increases feed nutrients digestibility and compared with 100 mg of the supplement, has better effects on growth performance of fattening lambs.

In order to stimulate growth, eliminate nutrient deficiencies, strengthen immune responses and prevent diseases, several additives are being added into the poultry feeds (Rakhshan et al. 1389). Initially, the first materials that were considered as food additives were antibiotics and anti-bacterial agents (Hedayati et al. 2015). Since 2006, the EU and later US have prohibited the use of all antibiotics as a growth promoter in livestock industry (Hashemi et al., 2009). Addition of medicinal herbs is aimed for replacing with the chemical compounds available in poultry diets. The minimum benefit of medicinal plants compared to chemical drugs is that if they do not role a positive effect, they have much-more limited side effects. Chicory plant (Cichorium intybus L.) and the English name Succory is a plant of the Asteraceae family, which are available in different parts of Iran. In order to evaluate the effects of Chicory root extract with growth promoter antibiotic, an experiment was conducted on blood biochemical parameters, immune titers and Cecum bacterial population.
Material and 192 Ross 308 mixed sex day-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design manner for 42 days, which were distributed after initial weighing. Experimental design of current trial was consisted of 4 treatments, 4 replicates and 12 chicks per each replicate. Treatments were 1) control, 2) Flavomycin antibiotic growth promoter (0.045%), 3 and 4) Chicory root extract in 0.5 and 0.1%, respectively. Extract of chicory root was prepared by the maceration method at Malayer University central laboratory. At first, the required amount of dried chicory root was prepared and the woods and groves were removed and then thoroughly grinded with a miller. The required amount of powder was then weighed and injected into the Laboratory Becher. For every 100 grams of powder, 700 ml of 96% ethanol and 300 ml of distilled water were added to Bechers and thoroughly blended for 2 minutes, then an aluminum foil was applied on it and 48 hours later using Whattman filter paper (W-42, UK) was flattened. Then, the ethanol was isolated and the pure extract was obtained and kept until it was used in the refrigerator. In order to study the performance, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio were measured and recorded on a weekly basis. Also, at the end of trial, from each experimental unit, two birds were selected and 3 ml of blood samples were collected for assessing immunity and biochemical parameters of blood serum. Biochemical parameters including triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL), were checked and sent to a biochemical laboratory using a centrifuge at 3000 rpm, for 10 minutes, the serum was isolated from the specimen and measured using an auto-analyzer (Technicon RA-1000, USA). Collected data were analyzed and statistical analysis was performed in a completely randomized design with SAS version 9.1 and GLM procedure. Mean comparison was performed using Duncan's multiple range test at the probability level of P It is found that the maximum body weight and minimum FCR was significantly (P It can be concluded that Chicory root extract at 0.1% dosage when compared with growth promoter antibiotic fed group could improve the blood biochemical parameters and reduce the bacterial population of feces.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fruit powder Prosopis farcta on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical parameters and antioxidant and immune system of broilers under heat stress. The number of 250 male Ross 308 one-day chicks in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 5 replicates per and 10 chicks each was used. The treatments were negative control (non-stress), positive control (stress) and three levels of 1, 3and 5 percent fruit powder Prosopis farcta. The heat stress schedule were done for last two weeks of experiment in a room temperature that was increased to 38 ±2°C during the for 6 hours per day. The results showed that the addition of dried fruit Prosopis farcta in broilers under stress significantly reduced body weight, food consumption, energy efficiency, and protein production index and feed conversion ratio was also significantly increased. The treatments had a significant effect on carcass yield, pancreas, gall bladder and liver. However, the relative weight of the breast, thigh and the relative length of the intestine markedly affected by treatments and increased compared with the control. Cholesterol, glucose, LDL, AST, ALT, LDH and MDA levels were significantly decreased with the addition of dried fruit Prosopis farcta under heat stress condition but the concentration of HDL, total protein and albumin did not significantly change. The antibody titer against SRBC was increased with increasing the levels of Prosopis farcta.

Soil pollution and accumulation of heavy metals in plants and crops in industrial areas is one of the most important environmental threats for plants, animals and humans’ life. Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal with a long biological half-life and low rate of elimination from the body. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long term cadmium uptake on performance and several serum biochemical parameters in lambs fed on a growing diet.
Ten male Mehraban lambs of 8-9 months old were randomly assigned to two dietary groups as control (basal diet) and treatment (basal diet 100 mg Cd/kg DM as CdCl2). The lambs were fed twice daily at early morning and evening, and blood samples were collected from jugular vein on days 0, 35 and 70 before morning feeding using vacutainer tubes. Sample sera were separated and stored at -20°c until analysed. The serum biochemical parameters including Cd, urea nitrogen (SUN), creatinine, sodium, total protein (TP), albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its bone specific isoenzyme (BALP) were measured. Serum biochemical parameters were analyzed by an auto-analyzer using correspondences Pars Azmoon kit according manufacturer manuals. Sodium was measured using flame photometry method. Statistical analysis was carried out using Duncan's multiple range tests.
Average daily weight gain and dry matter intake were lower in the Cd group (P The results of this study showed that ingestion of Cd at level of 100 mg /kg DM has not been considerable toxic effect on growing lambs during 70 days.

An experiment was conducted with 240 Ross broiler chicks (mixed male and female) to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of pennyroyal in comparison with flavomycin antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) on blood biochemical parameters, weight of internal organs and cecal bacterial counts in broilers. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design manner with 4 treatments, 3 replicates and 20 chicks in each replicate from 1 to 42 days of age. Treatment 1 was a control basal diet, treatment 2 was the basal diet with 0.45 % AGP and treatments 3 and 4 received 0.1 and 0.05 % pennyroyal ethanolic extract in the basal diet, respectively. The results showed that the ethanol extract of pennyroyal in both used concentrations, reduced harmful bacteria (coliforms, Salmonella and E.coli) in ceca (p<0.05)., No significant effect on the weights of internal organs was observed except for the gizzard. Ethanolic extraction of pennyroyal increased the serum cholesterol concentration and decreased the activity of ALT, when compared with control group.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a plant of the Zingiberaceae family. From past periods the plant root has been used to treat Antioxidants, anti inflammatory, Antibacterial, anti Fungal, Stimulation of the immune system and Antimicrobial properties. It has been revealed in recent studies, that ginger has various pharmacological characteristics because of active compounds such as Shogaols and Gingerols that are responsible for its strong aroma. Ginger has different gastrointestinal, general and nutritional effects, but in the present study only the effect of feeding with ginger powder on some serum factors associated with the metabolic profile of the poultry was evaluated in order to determine medical and nutritional effects of the plant. In this study, 1, 000 Ross broilers were divided randomly into 4 groups, each group consisted of 250 broilers (A, B, C, D): A=control group (diet without dried ginger), B=treatment group (fed with a dose of 1kg dried ginger per ton of diet), C= treatment group (fed with a dose of 2kg ginger per ton of diet), D= treatment group (fed with a dose of 3kg ginger per ton of diet). The chicks were fed in a 42-day period with the specified diet and at the end of the period final weight were determined and blood samples were taken, too. Also, serum factors such as total protein, uric acid, glucose and serum enzyme activities of AST were measured and the obtained results were analyzed statistically using Anova and Tukey tests. In the present study the meaningful increase of weight، AST enzyme activity and glucose was proved and there was no significant difference about uric acid and serum protein in any group. We can conclude the use of dried ginger No adverse effects on the kidneys also increases weight and production.

Left displacement of abomasum (LDA) is an important metabolic disease in dairy cows which cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. So determination of these changes will be important to predict the disease after parturition. In the present study, 14 serum biochemical parameters of cows with LDA before and after parturition were compared to those of healthy cows (control group) using several statistical models especially Logistic regression. In the statistical model changes in 6 parameters beta-hydroxy butyrate(BHB), Non esterified fatty acids(NEFA), Aspartate amino transferase(AST), Calcium, Sodium and Potassium between control and LDA groups was significant (P<0.05). Using the values of these 6 parameters in the Logistic regression formula one week after parturition, the odds of LDA would be calculated. So the owner would be able to predict the occurrence of LDA and protect the herd against it with correction of diet and treatment of LDA concurrent metabolic diseases.

In this study the effect of AflatoxinB (AF) and potential of organic absorbent (Mycosorb) performed on broiler chicken. A total 105 broiler chicks were divided into 5 equal treatment groups in a completely random design. The adsorbents mycosorb was added into the basal diets at 3 and 1 gr/Kg which contaminated with 0 and 1 ppmaflatoxin/ kg-1 from 2 to 42 days of experimental treatments: 1.Control, 2.AF(1ppm), 3.AF(0.05ppm) 4.Mycosorb (1gr/kg) + 1ppm (AF), 5. Mycosorb (1gr/kg) + 0.05ppm (AF). The results indicated that red blood cell, haematocrit and lymphocyte counts of chicks were significantly reduced in AF groups compared with the control group, while the heterophil counts increased significantly. Among serum biochemical parameters, the Aspartat trasaminas (AST), Gamma glutamil transferase(GGT), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and billirubin values increased in AF groups (P<0.05). The addition of Mycosorb to the AF containing diet (groups4&5) significantly improved the biochemical and hematological parameters. The mycosorb had a significant effect on broiler final weight(P<0.05). These results of this study clearly indicated that addition of adsorbent (Mycosorb) to the AF containing diet can reduce the toxic effects of AF.

Propofol is a short-acting intravenous general anesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Propofol used alone or in combination with other CNS depressant drugs in human and animals. Nowadays studies considering usage of anesthetic drugs in poultries for research and surgery purpose are in developing. Injectable drugs have problems in poultry, so inhalant anesthetic drugs are preferred. But sometimes inhalant anesthetic drugs have problems too. In this experimental study, we evaluate serum biochemical change subsequent propofol-induced general anesthesia in adult aborigine hen. Therefore 10 adult aborigine hens selected randomly. To induce anesthesia propofol (7.5mg/kg) injected intravenously and for maintenance propofol (0.5mg/kg/min) infused until 90 minute with infusion pump. During anesthesia the following biochemical factors were determined in 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 minutes and 24, 72 hours after anesthesia. Serum albumin, alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphates (ALP), bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentration were measured. Results showed that: bilirubin, BUN, ALP and creatinine concentrations significantly changed (p<0.05), but ALT, AST and albumin concentration had none significantly changed. Using this drug in poultry’s anesthesia and surgery needs to be investigated more.

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of protein and electrolyte balance (DEB) on performance, biochemical and haematological parameters in Ross (308) broiler exposed to heat stress. In this experiment, 486, one-day old broilers were used in a completely randomized design with a 3×3 factorial arrangement with 3 replicate for a treatment. The diets were formulated according to NRC (1994) recommendation with protein levels (100, 90 and 80% of NRC recommendations) and electrolyte balance (200, 260 and 320 meq/kg). The birds were exposed to heat stress (34±30C) for 8 hours/day (10:00 to 18:00). The results of experiment indicated that body weight gain was significantly different in starter and in broilers fed containing 260 meq/kg DEB and protein (90%) were significantly higher than those fed other levels of DEB and protein, in all periods (starter, grower and total period). In comparison to 200 DEB, the level of 260 DEB increased body weight gain and feed intake in all periods (p<0.05). Dietary protein levels had no significant effect on body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Dietary DEB and protein had no significant effect on cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, sodium and potassium.  The experimental groups did not affect on Haemoglobolin, Haematocrit, hetrophyl, lymphocyte, monocyt and White blood cells counts. The concentration of chlorine was decreased by increasing DEB (p<0.05). As a result, using of DEB 260 meq/kg and medium protein level (90% NRC) for broilers exposed to heat stress is recommended.

In present study, we determined the effects of doxycycline on the serum biochemical parameters of Broilers. Forty Broilers (19 days old) were randomly divided into two groups of control and treatment. Bath groups were kept under the same environmental condition and nutrition. In the treatment group, 400 gr/ 1000 lit doxycycline was administered. After five days blood samples of all birds were collected. And their sera separated by centrifuging, then some of biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results showed that Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alanine aminotransferas (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), billirubin and billiverdin concentration were significantly increased (p<0.05), but Calcium concentration was significantly decreased in treatment group. Evaluation of the serum levels of glucose and Phosphorous did not reveal statistically significant differences between treatment and control groups. In assessment of results, doxycycline administration can be used in broilers but it must be controlled in liver diseases because it can cause changes on liver parameters.