جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « antioxidant » در نشریات گروه « شیلات »

Free radical scavengers, which act as antioxidants, have the potential to prevent oocyte aging and preserve fertilization capacity. The microalgae are an important source of antioxidants in the environment. This study examined the protective effects of methanol extracts derived from Chlorella sp. microalgae on the viability and maturation of oocytes obtained from mice under in vitro conditions. The microalgae were collected from the Persian Gulf region and cultured in Bold's Basal medium. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was assessed using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. Oocytes from female Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were treated with the microalgae extracts for 16 h. The viability and maturity of the oocytes were evaluated using inverted microscopy. The expression levels of SIRT-3, BMP-15, and GDF-9 genes in the treated oocytes were analyzed using real-time PCR. Both extracts showed antioxidant properties, according to the findings of FRAP and DPPH analyses. Untreated oocytes had a survival percentage of 58% without maturation. However, oocytes treated with either extract at a dosage of 150 µg/ml had a survival rate of over 70%. The gene expression levels of SIRT-3 and BMP-15 were significantly higher in the treatment groups compared to the control group. In conclusion, Chlorella sp. extracts demonstrated protective effects on oocyte survival, but they did not significantly impact oocyte maturation. This study emphasizes the potential therapeutic uses of microalgae extracts from the Persian Gulf for disorders associated with infertility.

Aluminum (Al) is a major concern in acidic environments as it can lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress in the host. Assessment of Al-resistant microorganisms can help scientists to discover their mechanisms and improve bioremediation techniques. The present study aimed to characterize Al-resistant microalgae by screening industrial wastewater microorganisms. The microalgae were treated with 0, 10, and 100 µM Al. Then, H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX) values were measured. In addition, the effects of time (30-300 min), Al concentration (0-370 µM), and pH (4.0-6.5) on Al removal were investigated using the design-expert software. The efficiency of various biosorbents in Al removal was also evaluated in the optimal conditions of the final experiment. According to the results, Scenedesmus sp. was the most resistant microalgae and produced more biomass at 100 µM. Moreover, the POX and CAT activities of Scenedesmus sp. were increased by the high Al concentrations. In optimum conditions (81.60 µM Al, pH 5.8, 45 minutes), free cells (without modifications) were effective in Al biosorption (93.56%).

Aquatic organisms that account for almost half of the world's biodiversity provide valuable sources of bioactive compounds exhibiting a number of physiological and health promoting functions, which make them promising ingredients for application in food and pharmaceutical. Saurida tumbil protein hydrolysate was prepared by papain enzyme hydrolysis and its anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects were investigated in male mice. Fifty male mice were randomly assigned into control (C), chronic resistant stress induced depression and anxiety (CRS) and intervention (CRS mice receiving fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) at 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg) groups. Normal saline and FPH were given to the mice 30 min before inducing CRS by gavage for 21 days. Anxiety and depression were evaluated by elevated plus-maze and open field tests. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level of mice serum were determined. The treatment of CRS mice with FPH significantly ameliorated the negative effects of CRS and significantly increased the number of entering into the open arms and also the time elapsed in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze (p<0.05). FPH administration also significantly increased the number of crossed squares and the number of grooming and rearing in open field tests (p<0.05). The administration of FPH at all studied doses to CRS mice increased TAC (p<0.05) and decreased MDA level (p>0.05). In conclusion, S. tumbil protein hydrolysate showed anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects possibly through its antioxidant activity, which can be suggested for enrichment or designing human functional foods.

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is one of the most common and important freshwater species in tropical Asia. Lipid oxidation is one of the major deteriorative reactions taking place in fish muscle during processing and storage, affecting the physicochemical properties and limiting the shelf-life of fishery products. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of antioxidants on lipid stability, sensory quality and physicochemical properties of snakehead fish fillets during chilled storage. The results stipulated that ascorbic acid and sodium citrate treatments significantly interrupted lipid hydrolysis and lipid oxidation progression in the fish muscle, emanating in lower FFA, PV and TBARS values and higher PL content obtained in the treated samples. The samples treated with ascorbic acid and sodium citrate had significantly higher whiteness values and lower yellowish (b*) values compared to the untreated samples throughout the storage period. The development of lipid oxidation was in high correlations with sensory quality (QI and Torry scores). Based on the QIM and Torry scores, the shelf lives of the untreated, 0.80% sodium citrate treated, 0.25% ascorbic acid-treated and 0.50% ascorbic acid-treated samples were of 10 days, 11 days, 13 days and 14 days, respectively.

In the present study selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) and zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) included in the diets of white shrimp at 0 mg (control), 0.3 mg Se-NPs/ kg feed (T1), 0.15 mg Se-NPs+15 mg Zn-NPs/kg feed (T2) and 30 mg Zn-NPs/kg feed (T3). After 8 weeks, shrimps fed both Se-NPs and Zn-NPs showed higher (p<0.05) final body weigh, weigh gain, and SGR than shrimp fed the control diet. On the other hand, the FCR was decreased by Se-NPs and Zn-NPs when compared to the control whereas both Se-NPs+Zn-NPs revealed lower FCR than the other groups (p<0.05). Shrimp fed Se-NPs or Se-NPs +Zn-NPs revealed higher survival rate than shrimp fed the control and Zn-NPs while shrimp fed Zn-NPs showed higher survival rate than shrimp fed the control (p<0.05). The total haemocyte count, large granular cells, semi granular cells, and semi granular cells revealed higher counts in shrimps fed Se-NPs and Zn-NPs than the control (p<0.05). Shrimp fed Se-NPs or Se-NPs+ Zn-NPs revealed higher catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidas (GPX) activities than shrimp fed the control and Zn-NPs while shrimp fed Zn-NPs showed higher catalase activity than shrimp fed the control (P<0.05). The total protein, lysozyme, and phenoloxidase activities increased in shrimp fed Se-NPs or/and Zn-NPs with the highest being in shrimp fed both in shrimp fed Se-NPs and Zn-NPs followed by those fed Se-NPs then Zn-NPs when compare to the control (p<0.05). In conclusion, the co supplementation of Se-NPs and Zn-NPs showed higher performances, antioxidant status, and immune responses in white shrimp than the individual supplementation of Se-NPs or Zn-NPs.

Several effective fungicides have recently been applied, but they can harm ecosystems and non-target organisms. The findings of this study should be helpful to evaluate the reproductive response of redbelly tilapia, Coptodon zillii, of both sexes upon exposure to 0.8 and 1.6 μg/L penconazole and 7.5 and 15 mg/L copper nanoparticle as fungicides for three months. The gonadosomatic index of males increased in the penconazole groups in parallel with testosterone. A significant increase was observed in estradiol and progesterone of penconazole and copper nanoparticle groups. In testicular homogenate, there was a significant decrease in superoxide radical in penconazole (I) and penconazole (II) groups and CAT of penconazole (I) and copper nanoparticle (I) groups, along with a significant increase in nitric oxide (NO) of Cu-NP (II) group. In ovarian homogenate, a significant increase in NO of penconazole (I) group and lipid peroxides of copper nanoparticle (I) group, along with decrease in CAT of penconazole (II) and copper nanoparticle (I) groups and SOD of penconazole (II) and copper nanoparticle (I) groups were found. The histopathological examination indicated gross deteriorations in the gonads of fish exposed to the fungicides except in the copper nanoparticle (II) group. These findings suggested the reproductive burden in C. zillii following exposure to the investigated fungicides by disrupting gonadal sex hormones and inducing redox imbalance and cytopathological abnormalities. It is recommended to reduce the flow of these materials to aquatic areas particularly the natural fisheries and artificial hatcheries.

Artemisia argyi and Houttuynia cordata Thunb are common herbs in most regions of China. In order to test their composite effect as additives on fish, the effects of their extracts mixture on growth performance, antioxidant activity, serum and hepatic lipid levels, and gut bacteria in juvenile grass carp were evaluated. 180 fish were divided into 9 tanks with 3 replicate tanks per treatment, and fed with a control diet (A0) or one of two treatment diets containing 500 (A1) or 1000 mg/kg (A2) mixture of extracts, with equal mass of A. argyi and H. cordata, for 8 weeks. Water flow rate was 8.0 L/min, and water quality parameters were in normal range. At the end of feeding trial, fish weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate showed no difference among all groups. Significantly higher catalase (CAT) activity and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content were observed in A1 and A2 groups. Serum triglyceride content was much lower in the A1 group and total cholesterol was lower in experimental groups compared with the control group. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the hepatic lipid droplets were smaller in the experimental groups. High-throughput sequencing identified 10 predominant phyla from gut samples, and Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the most dominant groups. Compared with the control group, in A1 group operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number, species richness (Chao1, and ACE), and α diversity (Shannon index) were higher, and gut bacteria composition was altered in A1 and A2 groups at phylum and genus levels. These results indicated that the extracts mixture of A. argyi and H. cordata can increase antioxidant activity, lower serum and hepatic lipid levels, and improve gut bacteria composition, which can be used as a green additive for grass carp.