جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « adaptability » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

Urban development with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development plans. The transfer of the development right is considered one of the new ways of monitoring land development. The transfer of the development right is important in terms of its position in reducing inequality and ensuring the individual rights of the owners. The development right transfer approach is actually a plan to reduce physical development in areas that the community or planners want to protect. This research aims to examine and implement the approach of the right to transfer development and explain some of the principles of important rules in the perspective of Islam, and its relevance and influence in urban development, and offers suggestions for the realization of social justice using this approach. The current research is an applied research that uses the descriptive-comparative research method to analyze and examine the data. To describe and analyze the data, the comparative literature review method has been used. Based on this, while gathering the topics of Islamic social justice and the method of transferring the right to development, the relationship between the aforementioned method and the realization of social justice is analyzed through the Delphi technique by receiving 5 rounds of opinions from 30 experts. As a result of this research, the principles of social justice include eight principles; Equality in public rights, the lack of objectivity of the position and position of people in the administration of justice, inequality in individual-social acquired rights, compliance with the requirements of time in receiving tariffs, equal access to public services, non-privatization of property and public interests, the benefit of all in public affairs, The lack of immunity of rulers and officials from justice was explained. And also compared to the basics of the right to transfer development method, it was found that the principles of equality in public law, the lack of objectivity of the position and position of individuals in the implementation of justice are completely consistent with the method of the right to transfer development. The principles of inequality in individual-social acquired rights, compliance with the requirements of time in receiving tariffs, equal access to public services, non-privatization of property and public interests, benefit of all in public affairs, lack of immunity of rulers and officials from justice are largely consistent. Or you can use the method of transfer of development right in order to achieve the intended goals of that principle.

The present study aimed to provide a conceptual framework of adaptability to the landscape approach in reusing the heritage of Abadan oil industry. This research is based on a mixed method in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data were collected through qualitative content analysis of written sources, case study and semi-structured interviews with 21 experts in the field of industrial heritage and landscape. Then, the data were analyzed by the grounded theory method during three stages of open, axial and selective coding and 347 open codes, 28 concepts and 9 categories were extracted. Finally, according to the codes obtained from the written sources, case study and interviews, the theory of industrial heritage adaptability to the landscape approach was presented. To validate the model resulting from this theory, the structural equation modeling approach was used using the partial least squares method in the confirmatory factor analysis phase. Quantitative findings showed that economic, cultural, social, historical, environmental, physical, technological, infrastructure, laws and policy categories have a positive and significant relationship with the adaptability to the landscape approach in reusing the heritage of Abadan oil industry. This study considers the use of landscape approach in the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage as a way to improve the quality of the eco-revelatory that by balancing the man-made environment with nature and ecological functions, it leads to stimulating a sense of appreciation for the natural environment and revealing the natural infrastructure of the city and exposing natural systems to human perception and experience.

The concept of resilience is rapidly developing in cities. Developing an evaluation framework to assess the resilience of urban areas can be an effective way to use resilience issues in the urban planning process. Based on the objective of the research "examining the components of urban resilience with an emphasis on natural disasters (floods) in the city of Tabriz", the problem of this research is to measure the level of resilience in the dimensions of urban and social, economic, institutional and physical management in order to deal with the effects of natural disasters. flood) in the city of Tabriz and the practical explanation of the role of resilience or strengthening the resilience of the factors and components that explain the existing situation. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey. In this regard, the statistical population of the research is the population of areas 2, 3, 4 and 7 of Tabriz city, and the sample size is 382 residents of Tabriz city. According to the data collection, statistical methods of median, mode, average, test (On sample T-test) and SPSS software were used for statistical analysis. ANP model was used to investigate the status of the studied areas of Tabriz city in relation to the state of urban resilience. According to the findings of the research, it was found that urban management is not in a favorable position in urban resilience in the face of natural flood disasters, and it was also found that the prioritization of resilience components and their application at the time of natural disasters in the return of the studied areas of Tabriz city It is effective to the situation before the flood. Also, the regions (2, 3, 4 and 7) of Tabriz city are in a different state of resilience.

Residential building configuration system in historical contexts is formed following climatic rules in response to cultural and social norms, and despite formal similarities, it follows certain rules. In recent decades, following the accelerated intrusion and manipulation of the old part of the cities, the issue of adaptability of modern housing has become one of the main concerns and challenges in the specialized community. Examining the constructed patterns narrates the ugliness of the residential building configuration system and the incompatibility of the modern housing with the historical part and the lack of coexistence between them. The research questions address how adaptability and flexibility affect the spatial configuration and to what extent the infill patterns of housing in Taher and Mansour Neighborhoods of Kashan (a city in Iran) have been able to adopt to the historical context. The study seeks to improve the quality of housing in the historical context by examining the residential building configuration system in the historical context of Kashan during the years 1956-2019 and assess the compatibility of the modern patterns with the existing rules in Taher and Mansour Neighborhoods. This study employs a qualitative method based on library studies, field evaluations and analysis. First, the factors affecting the configuration and adaptability of the optimal housing patterns have been investigated, and then the aerial photographs of the study area were drawn in Autocad environment and based on nature, Depth Map and GIS software were used to analyze the criteria. Based on the findings, the change of the construction pattern of houses from four sides (central courtyard) in the 1951s to two sides in the 1971s, the shrinkage of the residential building area, a significant increase in the construction density and disruption of the spatial integrity and cohesion, especially from the 1991s onwards, are the main factors of incompatibility of the infill patterns with the historical context. The findings show that the four indicators of form, area, compaction and spatial integration and cohesion, which are derived from physical, cultural and social norms, organize the relationship between the performance and space and guarantee the form structure and configuration of the historical context

Problem statement: The concept of resilience has long been published to explain how different types of systems respond to unexpected shocks, and research on resilience of environments to abnormal hazards has just begun, requiring extensive reflection and consideration. Spatial resilience thinking is as one of the new dimensions in the field of resilience and architecture. This dimension seeks to address the issue of the vitality and dynamics of the architectural space by preserving identity and function through attention to specific characteristics and capabilities of the space over time versus gradual and slow disturbances. resilient space as the appropriate context for possiblity continued vitality provides dynamic while maintaining performance; It shows little vulnerability in the face of crises over time by the spatial capabilities, and responds to changing conditions through adaptation to the needs and demands of the society, and satisfies spatial userschr('39') satisfaction with different tastes and guarantees and sustains the vital system of space. But most of the newly constructed spaces are vulnerable to crises and lose their efficiency quickly and the users of space leave and vacate; Therefore, the historical bazaars of Iran, as one of the valuable spaces that have continued to operate despite changes in different periods and have been able to meet and provide the suitable body for the needs of the day, are remarkable. Therefore, to resolve part of this epistemic vacuum, the present study focuses on the limited domain of the Amir complex in the historical bazzar of Tabriz, considering its position and role in the life of the Bazzar Tabriz has paid off to the rooting of the resilience of this space and examining its spatial capabilities. So this research seeks to answer the question of how resilience has been achieved in the historical space of Iranian bazaars? And how has the resilience of the Amir complex in the historical bazzar of Tabriz come about in light of the changes in recent years?

Problem statement:

 Flexibility is one of the significant concepts in traditional Iranian architecture and Its role is highlited especially in educational spaces due to crutial need of people. Today, however, the role of flexibility in new schools has diminished. Meanwhile, the architecture of traditional Iranian schools has valuable indicators in term of flexibility that can be considered in the design of new schools.

The present study aimed to study the flexibility of traditional Iranian schools and to investigate the mode of changes in the flexibility of these schools from the Seljuk to Qajar historical era and also to identify the factors affecting the flexibility of traditional schools to use these factors in designing flexible educational spaces.

This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. For this purpose, first, data related to the field of flexibility extracted from library resources. Then, after content analysis, the theoretical framework identified and the manifestation of flexibility in case studies investigated by a field study and deductive reasoning methods.

This study shows that in addition to the fact that traditional schools have been flexible in all of these periods; Their flexibility has also changed along with their physical evolution and the addition of physical elements of the vault and nave. In general, in most of the physical elements of the studied schools, the farther we go from the Seljuk period and get closer to Qajar period, the component of functional diversity decreases the spatial diversity, adaptability and changeability become more prominent. Therefore, the flexibility of schools during this period has been a growing trend.

The transfer of any concept from the sciences to engineering needs a comprehensive understanding and an ability to connect the two. Thanks to their evolution and passing of the test of time, the use of biological features has always been of particular importance. Adaptability is one of the main characteristics of living organisms, which let them survive in changing environments and ultimately results in their evolution. It can involve a number of aspects in architecture: functional, structural, formal, cultural, and commercial. On this basis, it is essential to pay attention to scale in any concept transfer from the sciences to architecture. The present research studies the scale in the original science and tries to define corresponding scales in architecture. Determining corresponding scales facilitates the use of a given scientific concept in architecture. The research starts with a study of the concept of adaptability in biological sciences based on their characteristics and scales; and then seeks ways to transfer them into architecture using a solution-centred approach. The research method is deductive starting from macro- and then moving on to micro-levels of the sciences. Finally, adaptability is studied in various built-environment scales with its associate elements classified. The connection between the two areas is made, first through the introduction of analytic units as datum points, and then the establishment of corresponding levels. This approach prevents possible misconceptions caused by incompatible scales in the two realms.

Flexibility is one of the key concepts in the formation alphabet of architecture but it is less frequently taken into account in the area of physical body and it has more been dealt with of the diversity or free plan designing types in micro-scales. When the architectural spaces’ context needs flexibility, the structure, as well as the architectural form, should be both designed because the most important challenge in investigating flexibility in architectural context is structure and flexibility has to be granted to the body of structure and that in a macro-scale. The present article aims at investigating flexibility in the architectural context for which the structure should be coordinated with the behavioral architecture. Origami technology solidifies and renders flexible its structure to be followed by physical flexibility and structural stability and this is why it has drawn the attention of the structural and architectural engineers. In this regard, origami is utilized as a factor linking the structure and architecture. The diamond origami pattern possesses the intended properties in terms of architectural flexibility and structural stability and it was subjected to loading in the form of a model made of steel plates in finite element software. The findings indicated that the diamond origami pattern provides the required flexibility for adaptation to the various environmental conditions by blending architecture and structure in the building’s physical body and that the diamond pattern’s adaptability is feasible in all the sub-branches.

The adaptation of historic built environments with new uses is a significant approach for the country’s cultural heritage, with its main objective being preserving some cultural values for future generations. Designed in full harmony with local climate, materials and cultural structures, valuable traditional houses in Iranian cities are widely abandoned. To preserve this heritage and encounter the dilapidation caused by these voids in historic fabrics, new uses have been introduced into these houses. The main question is ‘what is the most important criteria for appropriate adaptation?’. The present paper starts with investigating the literature extracting adaptability criteria, and then moves on to assess three examples representing types of usual designated new uses. Understanding the fact that countless parallels are currently under way in the country, it attempts to scrutinise challenges and opportunities of such reuses in order to achieve more appropriate ways of adaptation. The paper adopts case studies and surveys as its core approach. Using extracted criteria, questions have been asked from both experts and non-experts, which is helped by architecturally oriented case studies to identify the challenges. The results show that in all three cases the cultural identity is stabilised, the local economy is flourished and environmental gains are achieved. Nevertheless, there has been poor stakeholder participation, and a need was left unfulfilled for structural reviews and reinforcements.

Human behavior plays an important role in thermal interaction with the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study thermal behavior in order to achieve thermal comfort. The purpose of this research is to explain optimal non-architectural behaviors in order to adapt more heat to the environment. Data requirements of this research were collected based on the experimental and field method by a researcher-made questionnaire from residents of apartment buildings in Shiraz. Then, the necessary descriptive, inferential and categorical descriptions were issued. By reviewing the behavioral priorities through the weighted average, it was found that in hot months, the first priority is to turn on the fan or cooler. It was also found that there is a significant relationship between the coverage ratio and the thermal assessment of individuals in hot months, which is the same in both male and female. It can be concluded from the data analysis that each person, by conducting a suitable thermal behavior, tries to provide in every way possible thermal comfort.

This study examined the effects of spatial configuration of the system of collective activity areas are houses. For this purpose it is necessary degree of integration and resolution of configuration and system houses as collective field activities to be monitored home. The study was based on the analysis from selected samples of 110 traditional and moder4nization of house layouts in Kuhdasht city, through adopting the theory of space syntax and its techniques (gamma analysis method).For the analysis of collective activities of Means-End model and Research Viewing lifestyle between families was used and for greater compatibility and visibility of the activities of collective areas in three neighborhoods of correspondence analysis was used. This study, interpret and identify the relationship between spatial configuration and changes in the field of collective scale through collective activities Categories, the main features of space systems and measurement and numerical data and its impact on the houses is a pattern. Socio-cultural characteristics of inhabitants, housing configuration to affect the day. The system of activities and rules governing the relations between the inhabitants will be configured. So a cultural group with genotype housing should be the same. The results show that by changing the spatial configuration, the system does not change, but inhabitants of the house with your activities to adapt their spaces. Its inhabitants and housing on the basis of the gain relationship between family structures explains the compatibility and adaptation. But the response of residents to adaptability actually to create facilities that are factor or potential in houses and through the forms and meanings to adapt space needs, behavioral and psychological humans depend. Another result of this study was that in all three types of housing, among other of individual sectors and collective sectors of home services sectors, with the highest integration and has the lowest depths of space.
This is a testament to adapt the structure of the home space with the system is of activities. This implies that the value of high integration collective space facilitates collaborative activities and social events.So that most the inhabitants relations and social media activities with guests as it happens. The continuity of the power system collective field activities, social and cultural laws Research findings showed that despite the change in the spatial configuration and remove some areas of collective spaces, the system will the continuity of activities in this field. The study suggests the absence of such relationships the continuity of system collective field activities show Correlation events with cultural and social - cultural laws so that configuration changes created space and no significant effect on the events.Inhabitants preferences of your physical adjust to changes and behaviors, values and match it to your needs. Ability of individuals to adapt to the environment, analysis of space syntax doubt, so it suggested to validate the syntax analysis the level of satisfaction to be evaluated the more. In other words, the configuration space, the spatial organization and different means of creating social - cultural, the ultimate goal of all this effort.

The murals painting designs have always had a interwoven relationship with place and the citizen. In the current period, the murals paintings in public spaces of Isfahan in most cases triggers on the citizens’ sense of place as the main audience for this kind of work which is not in conflict with the principles governing the structure of their historical background. For the same reason, in this research with the objective of studying the painting form and content, in the mural painting art, the versatility offered by the identity component of the public spaces of Isfahan in the current period is given to the citizens. Therefore, the main question is how to adopt the identity component place with mural painting designs using mural paintings; and the other question focuses on the respondent’s perception of values. For this purpose, by utilizing the intertextual approach, the relationship between the polygonal wall painting depicting the location and the citizen’s perception of the environment is addressed by analyzing the range of prior texts and intertextuality.
The findings indicates that a major part of the citizen’s perception is related to their surronding and constituent elements, like the mural painting designs which are taken from the ideas that directly linked with concrete and tangible realities in the physical environment, nature of activities, individual, and social relationship. For the same reason, lack of adaptability of most mural painting works in designing and implementation of designs suiting to a location in the current public spaces of Isfahan is rooted in conflicts causing form and content disruptions in the place identity component, like prior texts and intertextuality in time synchronization.

Cultural-historical complexes are amongst the precious heritage of Iran and an important part of cultural identity of its citizens. As a cultural property, heritage should be conserved in the best possible way and transferred to future generations. Masoudieh historical complex is one of such heritage which is mostly unnoticed today. Nowadays, using revitalization plans for conserving historical buildings and complexes to social life has developed a lot. One of the most important parts of this process is the appropriate determination of use based on revitalization principles. The question which is raised in this regard is how we can identify and implement the process of determining the new use and matching of human activities with architectural structure considering the specific features and conditions of any historical complex. This research aims to pay attention to the necessity of revitalization plan and explore the process of use determination of complexes which is suggested based on Masoudieh historical-cultural complex in Tehran. The main approach of this research is case study and, using historical-interpretive method, valuable data about Masoudieh complex and its potentials was gathered in order to determine the proper use of the complex on the basis of such potentials and the needs of the surrounding urban fabric. Amongst various methods of multi-criteria decision-making, this research selects Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and Delphi methods. The results of this study imply that this national-historical complex can be revitalized in the historical center of Tehran as a center for artistic events.

Considering the vast changes in different aspects of life and various ways of earning livelihood، flexibility in contemporary housing design can be regarded as an appropriate solution in order to prevent from discreteness in interactions within the society and environment and among people. That is because a residence must be designed according to the changing needs of modern human. Traditional houses in Iran have already contained this concept، in modern era however، such viewpoint towards housing cannot be seen so often. Flexibility refers to the idea of adaptation throughout the time. Therefore it can be said that a flexible settlement is a house that can be adapted with the needs of the users and will lead to understanding the users’ expected demands with their own cooperation. Peoples’ cooperation in this process will increase the possibility of adaptation of housing with their needs which will eventually increase the general satisfaction of the housing. This research discusses the issue of flexibility and the related concepts in the field of housing with emphasis on some residential projects. Every settlement is depended on its user and the ground for its adaptation. Therefore، in terms of general design، we can say that settlement is dependent on both the environment and the user. Since human beings normally demand variety and  monotonous environmental conditions make human beings unsatisfied and bored; they usually have a favorable and positive view towards changes in their living environment. These varieties can range from some minor changes up to basic ones such as a change in the residential house itself. Flexibility in architectural design indicates variety. Such variety includes the possibility of adjustment and compatibility of a residential unit throughout time. It will eventually lead the building to show new varieties of its own. In order to demonstrate flexibility، the architects have to put the probable needs of the users into consideration in the process of designing. In other words، a “long-term thought” is required in designing. Flexibility in housing can be investigated from two points of views: first، from users’ point of view and secondly the innovative construction. Designing consists of four main issues: (1) structural system; (2) servicing spaces; (3) architectural design; and (4) facilities for environmental flexibility. The present study tries to express the concept of flexibility as a “new form of challenging architecture”. This is done using some examples and instances. From such viewpoint، the goal this study tries to attain is to survey the limitations and boundaries of flexible designing. This is done by analyzing the selected items. This way، the architect can turn flexibility into an opportunity and produce creative options in his/her work and design. The present study was conducted using library-based method and case study with the aim of studying and discussing the conceptual and operational grounds of housing design in different countries. The structure and main framework of the present study stands on the idea that flexibility can be used for  housing development in all eras and periods as a general concept and includes different types itself.