جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "physical factors" در نشریات گروه "هنر و معماری"

Aging is associated with physical and mental limitations. Due to the increasing population of the elderly, it is necessary to pay attention to the needs and problems of them. As for the impact of Spatial model on human behavior, the quality of living environment of the elderly affects their mental and physical health. In this study, physical elements that affect the aging of the elderly living environment.  have been considered.Physical factors are divided into two categories: Functional-activity and Physical-perceptual. Aging factors are also divided into three categories: Vitality, Self-esteem and Self-reliance. The elderly of district 3 and nursing home of Shahroud City have been investigated as case study.

330questionnaires obtained with Cochran's formula were answered by the statistical population. In this research, descriptive statistical methods including mean and standard deviation and frequency of demographic variables have been used. Also, in order to examine the hypothesis of the study, inferential tests of Pearson correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance, multiple linear regression have been used based on independent and dependent variables. The data derived from the questionnaires is analyzed based on numerical method and has been implemented using SPSS software.

Pearson correlation coefficient test shows a positive and significant relationship between two variables with a coefficient of 0.79 and a significance level of 0.001.Levin F test is confirmed to evaluate the assumption of equality of variances with F = 0.56 and significance level of 0.45. Life expectancy with the Beta 0.35 has the greatest impact on the physical quality of space.

There is a noticeable relationship between the physical factors of living environment and space aging. . Based on the results obtained from multiple linear regression, the component of life expectancy and then the sense of loneliness has the most relationship with the physical type of space and the component of faith has the least relationship with the type of place of residence. Also, Shahroud Nursing Home has the characteristics of a suitable environment for the elderly.

Urban public spaces shape society, and society shapes urban public spaces. A suitable urban space should provide the security of different user groups to a great extent. In fact, nowadays, the success rate of an urban space can be checked by measuring the people present in the space, especially the female users, and the variety of characteristics of the people who work in these spaces with a sense of security and comfort. Security is not only a concept. It is complex, vague and variable, but it is expressed as one of the basic human needs, and other needs depend on the satisfaction of a need such as security. One of the important factors that cause women to be marginalized is the functioning of urban spaces that limit women's mobility and make them face fear and insecurity. What doubles this necessity for women is that the lack of women's sense of security is actually a threat to the value of the role of mother, wife, and sometimes head of the family, and immunity from any harm and aggression that threatens women and women's privacy physically and mentally, is subsequently transferred to the next generations. Urban space must provide security for different user groups. Fear of criminal behavior and incidents in the urban environment has effects on women and vulnerable social and economic groups.

A place is any environmental setting where individual or group actions, experiences, intentions, and meanings come together spatially. The physical and social interactions that shape a place and define its character and values can be understood through theories of place attachment. Educational environments, being key spaces for adolescent growth and development, are among the most important of these places. As these environments play a significant role in the lives of adolescents, who form emotional connections to them during their education, their design is especially important. Place attachment influences individuals’ behaviors, often driving them toward collective action aimed at improving the well-being of the community rather than personal gain, aligning with the spirit of community activism. Both tangible and intangible elements of a place evoke emotions in its users, fostering place attachment, strengthening social bonds, and encouraging protection of the space. Several theories on place attachment have been proposed, including Seamon’s place attachment theory. This research seeks to identify the components influencing place attachment in schools, specifically through the lens of Seamon’s attachment theory. The study aims to explore how Seamon’s “processes of place attachment (2012, 2014, 2015, 2018)” can enhance our understanding of place attachment in educational settings and inform school management practices.

This research is a descriptive-analytical study. In order to achieve the research goals, the research began with an in-depth examination of Seamon’s place attachment theory through surveys and bibliographic review. Accordingly, key components influencing place attachment were identified and presented as a theoretical framework. These components were then prioritized and their relationships analyzed using confirmatory analysis. The statistical population comprised 7,404 7th-grade female students attending public schools in Municipal District 2 of Urmia during the 2022-2023 academic year, with a sample size of 365 determined by the Cochran formula. All students had been in these schools for at least three years. Simple random sampling was used to select the participants, and data was collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire.

Results indicated that, among the endogenous variables of Seamon’s attachment theory—such as place interaction, place identity, place release, place realization, place creation, and place intensification—the factors most influencing students’ place attachment were place intensification, place realization, and place creation. These three components accounted for 5% of the changes in place attachment. Place intensification and place creation explained 18% of the variance in place realization, and place intensification explained 3% of the variance in place creation. Additionally, the indirect effect of place creation on place attachment was positive and significant at the 0.01 level, with a value of 0.06, mediated through the physical characteristics of the place. Therefore, the body of place plays a mediating role in the relationship between place intensification and place attachment. This effect is introduced through place realization; therefore, place realization played a mediating role between place intensification and place creation. The total effect of place intensification on the sense of place attachment is 0.15 positive and significant at the 0.01 level.

This study provided deeper insights into place-based community groups and their motivations to either preserve or promote changes in place development and management. Each place requires a tailored approach to place management in order to effectively mobilize resources and partnerships. According to Seamon’s theory, place attachment is influenced by six main factors, divided into two categories: “Becoming of Place,” which includes place realization, place creation, and place intensification, and “Being of Place,” which includes place interaction, place identity, and place release. In this study, the effective factors in schools were identified, with place realization serving as a mediator between place intensification and place creation. Enhancing place intensification was found to boost place realization, which in turn enhanced place creation, ultimately improving place attachment. The indirect effect of place intensification on place realization was positive, with a value of 0.07, and significant at the 0.01 level.

Problem:

 In a two-way relationship with the surrounding environment, human affects the environment on the one hand and is also under the influence of the environment on the other hand. The quality of the physical environment affects the mental health of individuals, and decreases or increases depression, stress, liveliness, vitality, and other states of individuals.

This study aims to explain and evaluate the effectiveness of physical factors of open space of residential complexes on the mental health of elderlies.

The method of this study is quantitative, and is among descriptive-analytical studies with correlation type in terms of objective.

Findings indicate a direct and significant relationship between physical components: place desirability, appropriateness with cognitive-perceptual abilities, permeability, geometry, location, and mental health of elderlies. Moreover, all components identified in this study could affect the liveliness, vitality, and mental health of elderlies although the effect levels are different between various studied buildings.

Scientific projections predict a significant increase in the elderly population in the coming years, emphasizing the need to address their diverse needs and social interactions. This demographic shift necessitates urban spaces that evolve to support the well-being and productivity of the elderly. The economic and social implications of an aging population underscore the importance of attending to the social needs of the elderly, as neglect limits their social participation and diminishes their overall quality of life. Research indicates that maintaining an active lifestyle and regular social interactions can significantly contribute to preventing dementia. While existing studies often focus on the physical needs of the elderly in public spaces, insufficient attention has been given to their social needs, particularly in urban settings. This study aims to assess the impact of environmental and physical factors on the social well-being of the elderly in urban public spaces, using Mosalla Park and Sheikh Safi Sidewalk in Ardabil City as a case study.

Theoretical Framework:

The concept of active aging, initially centered on maintaining health and productivity through physical activity, has evolved to emphasize personal decisions, independence, and increased quality of life for the elderly. "Active aging" involves participation in social, economic, and civic life to maintain well-being, emphasizing opportunities for meaningful activities that facilitate independence. The World Health Organization highlights the crucial role of urban public spaces and social factors, in addition to genetics and personal characteristics, in determining the health and well-being of individuals. Elderly-friendly cities are those where the distribution of public facilities aligns most closely with the preferences and limitations of the elderly.

This descriptive-analytical study employed both library research and surveys to collect necessary information. The research was conducted in two stages at Mosalla Park and Sheikh Safi Sidewalk in Ardabil, Iran. Physical factors were classified, and a researcher-made questionnaire was utilized to gather expert opinions on the impact of these factors on social well-being. Subsequently, elderly participants answered the Keyes standard social well-being questionnaire. Data from both stages were analyzed using SPSS 26 software.

Comparison of physical factors between the two case samples, assessed through the Wilcoxon non-parametric test, revealed that Sheikh Safi Sidewalk exhibited more favorable conditions than Mosalla Park. The Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test demonstrated a positive correlation between physical factors and social well-being in the elderly, with Sheikh Safi Sidewalk participants reporting better social well-being. Notably, "Footpaths with a slope of less than 5%" emerged as the most influential factor affecting the social well-being of the elderly.

The study emphasizes the need for planners and designers to reconsider physical criteria, particularly those related to the architecture and design of urban spaces, to enhance the social well-being of the elderly. Collaboration between social health advocates, urban designers, and architects is crucial to formulate policies and strategies that address the needs of the elderly, promoting their active involvement in social life and reducing the medical costs associated with chronic diseases.

When dealing with a diverse and rich environment, humans record limited information in their minds, and this information forms a comprehensive, albeit inaccurate, mental image of the environment. On the other hand, living in high-rise residential buildings in Iran is always associated with dissatisfactions that a clear mental image in the minds of the residents can reduce these dissatisfactions. Physical factors and psychological factors can play an effective role in the formation of mental image in people. This research aims to identify the physical factors that create a clear mental image in the minds of the residents of high-rise buildings. Therefore, the explanation of the physical factors affecting the mental image of residents of high-rise residential buildings is a research question. The current research is fundamental in terms of its purpose and quantitative in terms of its approach. The research data collection method is a combination of library studies (theoretical) and field studies and a survey based on a questionnaire with closed and semi-open questions. In explaining and analyzing the research, the Echner and Ritchie model is used and the questions of the questionnaire are set based on two dimensions of this model, functional-general and functional-current and experts' opinions. The designed questionnaire was given to all the architects who have an active consulting company in Urmia city and expert professors of the country in the field of mental imagery and architecture, so that in addition to answering, if there is another important factor, they can add it. Then, the questionnaire was given to the residents of high-rise buildings in Urmia city by random sampling method and their answers were analyzed. The results of the research in the functional-general dimension showed that the factors of form characteristics (shape, color, texture and size) and technical safety and view are effective in forming the mental image of residents of high-rise residential buildings. Also, the results of the research in the functional-partial dimension (where all the factors were measured on the parking, access corridors, stairs and elevators, roof, entrance, lobby, pause and rest spaces, yard and interior space of the residential unit) in the order of the factors Technical safety, legibility, light and illumination, visibility and scenery are more effective in forming the mental image of residents of high-rise residential buildings.

Creativity and innovation play a significant role in business success because they can lead to the formation of new ideas. Innovation factories have created a suitable platform for creating ideas in business. The current research seeks to identify physical factors that increase creativity in office environments. Also, a question arises of how these factors are effective in interior design. The data has been collected by reading books and articles. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The results show that factors such as visual details, landscape and natural materials, color schemes, furniture, and the shape and size of the space affect the level of creativity. The level of creativity can be improved by considering the complexity of visual details, observing aesthetic factors and placing artworks in the interior space, using greenery and integrating the natural environment with the interior space, using natural materials, and using low saturation colors.
 Today, with the advancement of knowledge and technology and the wide flow of information, developing countries are trying to provide the platforms to move towards new economic systems so that they can achieve economic and technological growth. To achieve this goal, we should pay attention to issues such as innovation and creativity. For this reason, there is a demand for research in the fields of creativity and intellectual abilities.
 The method is analytical-qualitative and case-based. Library methods and field studies are used to collect information. To explain the issue, Iranian and foreign examples, such as Azadi Innovation Factory in Tehran, Shiraz Innovation Factory, Brunner, IBC, and Station F were selected as samples and the theoretical foundations of the research will be examined by their analysis.
 Visual details are designed according to aesthetic factors and based on the brand identity of active startups. The ceiling, floor, and walls are designed with visual and artistic details, which is the most important thing in the IBC factory. Natural materials such as wood were used in parts of architectural elements such as floors, walls, or furniture, but this was not considered in the Shiraz factory. Natural light and vegetation are among the elements that have improved the natural landscape in the interior, and a different atmosphere has been created in the IBC factory using natural elements, such as water and light. Different color schemes are used in the samples, which include warm and cold colors. Various furniture of different sizes and colors have been used and they provide the possibility of sitting in different positions. In the case examples, more natural scenery and fewer visual details have been taken into consideration than other factors.

Abstract One of the most important aspects of being in urban spaces, which creates vitality and increases it among citizens, is spaces such as urban squares. Today, several factors have caused the squares to lose their efficiency as an urban space to visit and become a geometric space for vehicles to pass. In this research, survey, field, interview and questionnaire methods have been used. According to the results, what turns a place into a welcoming space is not only its physical dimension, but also the social dimension of this place by creating vitality by considering the criteria of civil rights, which leads to the formation of a populist urban space. In this way, people of all ages can be reunited, creating face-to-face relationships and increasing social interactions. In general, no desirable urban quality, including the creation of a sense of belonging and vitality in urban squares, can be the product of an event. The vitality of a space is derived from a chain of activities, logical, coordinated and program-oriented actions.

The current research was conducted to identify the internal architecture components effective in clients’ satisfaction to be used in designing and building efficient and dynamic libraries. This research is qualitative in nature and practical in terms of purpose. In the first step, by reviewing the theoretical foundations through library and documentation studies, the effective components, and indicators in the design of the internal architecture of public libraries have been extracted and resulted in the presentation of a conceptual model. In the second step, the media library as a successful example was analyzed based on the conceptual model, and the results were presented in the table format. The findings show that the physical factors affecting the increase of users’ satisfaction in public libraries include color, light, nature, elements and equipment, type and arrangement of furniture, proper temperature and ventilation, materials and texture, and access, and in the studied sample, in the order of priority, indicators of color, light, materials and texture, accessibility, furniture arrangement and connection with nature have been considered. The present research results show that the media library has the potential as a social, flexible, visually beautiful space. Its unique body is famous due to its attention to the physical characteristics of interior architecture, such as light, color, connection with nature, etc. By considering open and numerous reading spaces and children's play spaces, the Media Library has paved the way for the presence of women and all citizens. By improving audience satisfaction, it has become a more attended place.

"Spiritual Sense of Place" is a special experience which results from being in sacred spaces. Many researches have been done on the relationship between "Architecture" and "Spiritual Concepts"; but only few have put spiritual experiences of being in architectural spaces as their concern. Behavioral psychology is a good platform for examining spiritual feeling of the environment by focusing on the reaction of audience as response and architectural spaces as stimulus. This article has studied the characteristics of "Spiritual Feeling of the Place" in literature review afterwards its effective architectural factors has been classified via factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire has been measured by Cronbach's alpha method. In order to determine the sample size, through easy or accessible method, 320 pilgrims of the holy shrine of Razavi were selected in year 2019. Findings show factors affecting the spiritual feeling of the place include five categories which are Functional factors(Scale and dimensional proportions, Respect for dignity and performance, Quiet place with no attraction, Temporary standing space, Large courtyards, Ancillary facilities and proximity of Cultural Spaces), Physical factors(The grandeur of the tomb, the inner glory of the tomb, the gradual horizontal change of importance, the gradual change from simple to complex in the vertical and horizontal direction, the monumentalizing of the tomb element), Factors of the idea(Entrance Arrangements, hierarchical arrangement of space, iconography, alignment,  movement in the direction of meaning, ambiguity in the sequence of space, the specificity of lighting and the position of light elements), Integrating factors(relative similarity of consecutive spaces, Unity of form, convergence of forms and decorations) and Technological factors(temporary roofing of the courtyard, amazing lighting systems and regulation of environmental comfort conditions) which have been identified and categorized.

Place attachment is the emotional connection that develops between a person and thephysical environment around them. After more than forty years of research in the field ofplace attachment, the cause and effect as well as the physical factors that affect it have notbeen determined. The features and specifications of a place in both physical and socialdimensions have an influence on the development of this process. Social characteristicsaffect the continuity and strengthening of the emotional connection between the inhabitantsand the place, whereas physical characteristics affect the initial absorption and emergenceof the process of interaction between newcomers and the place. This study reviewspublications in the fields of environmental psychology, human geography, sociology andplace while identifying predictive physical factors, using surveys and questionnaires, thatis three questionnaires, and identifying Isfahan’s urban public spaces with the largestnumber of newcomers, in order to examine the physical factors affecting the attractionand reappearance of the newcomer. The results of this survey show that newcomers areattracted to a place by physical factors with an architectural dimension. However, thephysical factors with an urban dimension lead to their reappearance over time and theformation of the initial levels of attachment based on the proposed model. Based on theresults of this study the model indicates three levels of emerging attachment, attachmentover time, and complete attachment that are introduced considering the factors of timeand newcomer’s reappearance. Newcomers are attracted to the urban spaces of Isfahandue to physical factors with an architectural dimension such as color, texture, buildingfacades, scale and night light, while they are encouraged to return to the place by itsphysical attributes with urban dimensions such as flooring, furnishings, available uses,space dimensions, cleanliness and accessibility. The presence of newcomers during time,will result in the third level formation which is the emotional connection between betweenpeople and the urban space.

Security is one of the most important human needs playing an important role in the happiness and mental health of people and society; and housing is one of the basic human needs, succeeding food and clothing. As in Maslow's hierarchy of needs, security is of secondary importance after physiological needs. However, this need has become a severe problem due to the increasing growth of housing demand as a result of the population growth and urbanization in recent decades in Iran, which has caused housing construction to reach its maximum level. Furthermore, a one-sided view has induced serious problems; because this attitude has changed the pattern of housing production that has reduced the quality of housing. Thus, their security has been reduced and the potential to commit crimes in residential areas and the fear of crime among residents has increased. Overlooking the physical and environmental criteria in terms of human needs by planners and designers of residential complexes can lead to major problems for residents. In fact, one of the problems is the lack of social security in today's complexes. In environmental design, the CPTED approach is one of the most effective approaches in promoting social security and crime prevention. The study aims to evaluate the correlation between several social security variables and the use of SPSS. The statistical population is the residents of the Qazvin 400-unit residential complex. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula and the multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha and the obtained number is 0.8. Finally, based on the Friedman test, each of the proposed indicators was ranked. The performance quality indicator has the priority, and then the indicators of natural monitoring, physical quality, strengthening privacy, readability and territoriality respectively are effective in improving social security in residential complexes.

In each educational system, different factors are placed in interaction to achieve learners' teaching and learning process. Introduction physical characteristics of schools are essential topics in improving the quality of education and learning. Considering these components in design not only to improve the quality of the environment can be helpful, but because of the mental scale of the child, it can affect the mental image of the environment, and it can influence the formation of behavioral concepts such as legibility and attachment to the environment. This study aims to identify and investigate the physical factors affecting children's mental image of educational environments.

Methodology of this study is applied in terms of practical purpose, nature: descriptive-analytical, strategy: survey, research method qualitative and quantitative as mixed. The method of extracting the mental images of children in this study is a "Sketch map" and analysis using the MAXQDA version of version 2020. Also, to rank the exploratory factors, the factor analysis method and SPSS version 22 are used. The study's statistical population is secondary schools in the Rasht city of Rasht, 120 of which were selected from the available sampling.

The results of the first step of the study showed that, through the physical spaces of schools, there is an incredible number in drawing up the physical elements of the school, classes (32 %), yard and field (28 %), and the minimum reference to the school water (8 %).

The physical spaces where students are constantly engaged in school are visible in their mental image of the school. In the second step of the study, four factors, "geometry and space syntax", " open and semi-open spaces "," connecting spaces, "and" signs, "were identified as contributing factors to children's mental images. Among these factors, "geometry and space syntax" had the greatest effect on children's mental images in the studied samples. The effect of "open and semi-open spaces" was evident in children's painting and mental images. "connecting spaces" was another important factor that was sometimes seen in children's mental pictures of their educational environment. Regarding the fourth factor, the "signs" of the school were the most frequent in the painting of children and the shops of schools in most of the paintings. However, the dominant element of children's pictures of the class board and the school steps in schools were only the collection elements of children's painting.

People’s presence, moving, and voluntary stops in urban spaces are some of the most important indicators of the vitality of these environments. According to these indicators, Nobahar Street is one of the most vital streets in the city of Kermanshah. However, it seems that people’s presence in this environment, more than anything, is due to economic, social, and cultural factors, and the current architecture of the street has little importance in the matter. Therefore, the current study attempted to prepare the background for using the capacity of this factor to make this important urban hangout more vital by evaluating the architectural strengths and weaknesses of Nobahar Street based on the users’ demands and opinions. The current study aimed to evaluate the Nobahar Street’s physical strengths and weaknesses according to the required factors to create and strengthen the vitality of environment and to prioritize and balance this evaluation based on the users’ opinions in order to provide the context to improve the environmental qualities according to the users’ demands of this street. The study’s approach was descriptive-analytical and the data collection method was a combination of written sources and field survey; in the first part, the architecture of Nobahar Street was evaluated using the vitality factors extracted from written sources. The results of this evaluation were examined according to the users’ opinions using the in-depth interview and a questionnaire. For this, questions in 7 different areas were asked of 38 randomly chosen users. The repetition or verification of factors was the criterion for testing the hypothesis and prioritizing the physical strengths and weaknesses of the street according to the users’ opinions. The results showed that the most important architectural strength of Nobahar Street was due to its geometry on macro-scale, whereas its weaknesses generally were in medium and micro scales. The users of this street considered the use of trees, soft and penetrable edges, and eventually its proper and observable width to be its most important architectural strengths while they recognized the architectural weaknesses to be associated with its unrecognizable inner parts, lack of awning windows above the ground floor, and eventually non-uniformity among the facades. Thus, according to users’ opinion, improving the quality of architectural factors can be realized by considering medium and micro scales.

Paying attention to the human-environment relationship in environmental psychology and realizing the higher levels of sense of place through the architectural design process enjoy significant importance in the current society, especially due to the poor quality of the public spaces. Since the environmental perception and creating the sense of place are different in each culture, designing in each environment requires understanding the dominate culture. Therefore, the main question of the research is: How do the socio-cultural factors affect the perception and recognition process of the sense of place physical components in public spaces? Also, how can their effects be studied in an explanatory model? Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the realization of the sense of place in public spaces, considering the culture as a moderator variable and adapting the physical factors of these spaces with the perceptual-cognitive aspects of the mind and present the result as a model. Afterward, this model would be validated in case studies. The current research is applied-developmental one in terms of purpose. In the first phase, the research is conducted using the analytical-descriptive method and results in an explanatory model by investigating the previous researchers’ theories. In the next stage, the current study is completed statistically using the field approach and surveying the opinions of the users in the case studies. The research results reflect how the sense of place process is formed and how its higher levels are realized from the moment an individual is in the place with an emphasis on the impact of the socio-cultural mainstreams in an explanatory model. In which, the specific impact on perceiving the physique appropriate to the various personal features of the users results in creating different levels of sense of place in public spaces. Therefore, considering the effect of the cultural component, it is possible to achieve different degrees of physical factors preferences in users of each specific region. Then, by considering the cultural factors, users' preference of physical factors of the place in any region, can be reached. Also, with concerning the analysis result, and applying them in public spaces, it is possible to achieve a high level of sense of place, increase the quality of life and compensate for the identity crisis of today's societies.

The path of human perception in the environment has always been through the connection of the human five senses with the physical factors in an architectural space. The process of perception by receiving environmental information through the human senses and then analyzing it in the mind that occurs after cognition leads to the creation of a sense in man. The most important feeling between man and place is called the sense of place. Due to the issue of the sense of place in the ‘60s and the importance of objective and functional issues in the modern era, the attention of theorists turned more to the human and semantic factors. Moreover, the physical themes that make up a sense of place and seem to be easy to avoid were less directly discussed. The position of physical factors, due to the inevitability of the physical elements in architecture, is clear, but given the process of perception as the link between man and the environment, a new perspective can be taken.

The research aims to explain the position of physical factors in the process of human perception of the sense of place.

Due to the physical approach in this study, the phenomenologists’ theories were used. Besides, after classifying the concepts, the physical factors were placed in three functional, semantic, and aesthetic fields. In the first stage, the data were collected by the form of documentary and library studies and then field studies in the environment as exploratory observation and finally through interviews with targeted sampling.

The case study is one of the sidewalks of Mashhad, Iran; after analyzing and summarizing the analysis of the perception process, it was concluded that physical factors through initial perceptions have the greatest impact on feelings about the place on the sense of satisfaction and secondary perceptions that are achieved over time affect the sense of place. The method of analyzing the interviews is in the form of qualitative and thematic content analysis and open and central coding using the Maxqda software analysis (Version 12).

The sense of place crystallization also influences values, attitudes, and in particular the individual and social behavior of individuals in each location. The purpose of this research is to identify the effective components in creating a sense of opportunity to promote and enhance the quality of the living environment. Research method this research is a content analysis and data gathering in a citation-library method with field survey. The scope of this research is a set of theories about sense of place from 1997 to 2016. The research methodology was a qualitative-quantitative analysis of the findings. Research findings show that sense of place is effective in improving the quality of residential environment in satisfying residents of residential complexes. . According to past experts, sense of place is achieved through factors such as the body, the behavior and meaning of each place. Based on the opinions of the earlier experts, to reach the sense of place, mental factors 37.5%, and behavioral factors 32.5% and physical factors 30.0% are effective in quality of life. According to the results of the experts, the importance of the physical factors is 38.8% and the mental factors 34.6% and the behavioral factors are 26.6%. According to the findings of previous researchers and current researchers, it was found that all three objective, subjective and behavioral factors are equal and about one-third of the effective categories that constitute sense factors and promote quality of life environment and realization of residential satisfaction.

In recent decades, the nature of cities has been indebted to a set of territorial factors and integrated and multi-layered connections between their constructive factors. However, now a significant part of this nature has been reduced to the presence or absence of signs, functions, and bodies. One of the results of these changes is the increasing formation of functionalist centers such as shopping centers; centers that are introduced as a platform for consumerist events. Evidence suggests that a cultural change has occurred in the function of shopping centers that has led to the emergence of new kinds of cultural consumption and thus, physical changes in these centers. Therefore, by selecting three shopping centers, the present study, based on the attitude obtained from the literature of the related studies, compares the considered indicators in them. This study is applied descriptive-analytical research, in which theoretical data are collected using library research method, and the field data are collected by observation and using questionnaires. After studying the theoretical literature on cultural consumption, 21 criteria are extracted to examine case studies in terms of 10 physical factors. Also, the information required to investigate the samples is obtained by using purposeful observation and completing 300 questionnaires by the clients, and then, processed using data mining technique in IBM SPSS Modeler software. The study results suggest that the proposed hypothesis on the impact of physical factors on consumption patterns in many cases can explain the process of changes. Also, it seems that shopping centers are part of the temporary culture of people who spend their time there; and the spaces in them are not only parts of consumption, but also are consumed themselves