جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تهوع و استفراغ بعد از عمل » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The study aimed to compare the efficacy of Dimenhydrinate-Metoclopramide, Dimenhydrinateondansetron and Dimenhydrinate alone on nausea and vomiting after cataract surgery under local anesthesia and intravenous sedation. 

In this clinical trial study, 160 patients undergoing cataract surgery were divided into four groups of 40. Thirty minutes before induction in the first group (D-M) 0.1mg/ kg metoclopramide + 0.5 mg/ kg Dimenhydrinate, in the second group (D-O) 0.4 mg/ kg ondansetron + 0.5 mg/ kg Dimenhydrinate, in the third group (D), 0.5mg/ kg Dimenhydrinate and in the fourth group (C) 2 cc of distilled water were injected and the incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting at recovery and 2 and 4 hours after surgery and at the time of discharge were evaluated and compared between groups.

The incidence of nausea at recovery in four groups of D-M, D-O, D and C were 13.2, 10.8, 22.2 and 36.1%, respectively, and the difference between the groups was significant (P = 0.015). In the next two hours, the incidence of nausea in the four groups was 10.8, 5.3, 22.2 and 27.9%, respectively (P = 0.035). The incidence of vomiting in recovery was 16.2, 7.9, 16.7 and 33.3% among the four groups, respectively (P = 0.039). Also the intensity of nausea in recovery were statistically different between 4 groups and the Dimenhydrinateondansetron group had the least severity of nausea. Pain intensity was lower in Metoclopramide receiving group.

Dimenhydrinate-ondansetron combination compared with Dimenhydrinate-metoclopramide and Dimenhydrinate alone led to an increased reduction of postoperative nausea and vomiting following cataract surgery.

Nausea and vomiting is one of the most common complications after the strabismus surgery. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of atropine versus ondansetron administration on the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and duration of recovery stay in patients undergoing this procedure.

In this case-control study, 90 patients between 3 to 30 years old who were candidates for elective strabismus surgery in Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, from February to April 2019, were randomly divided into three groups (placebo, ondansetron and atropine group). Patients who had taken hypnotic drugs while entering the operating room were excluded. In all patients, after arriving into the operating room and installation of standard monitoring equipment and peripheral vein implantation, anesthesia was induced by receiving 0.05 mg/kg midazolam, fentanyl 1 μg/kg and propofol 2.5 mg/kg. After induction of anesthesia, placebo group was compared with ondansetron group and atropine group that received 0.1 mg/kg ondansetron and 30 µg/kg atropine, respectively. The rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting, duration of recovery stay and satisfaction of recovery nurses were recorded and compared between groups.

There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups in terms of mean age, weight, and gender. It seems that group matching is appropriate and there are no confounding factors for demographic variables. Administration of atropine and ondansetron significantly reduces the incidence of nausea and vomiting postoperatively and in recovery. There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting between the atropine and ondansetron groups. Duration of recovery stay was decreased after ondansetron and atropine administration versus control group. Postoperative laryngospasm and bronchospasm were not observed in any of the three groups after surgery and at the time of recovery. The satisfaction of recovery nurses in both atropine and ondansetron groups were higher than control group.

It seems that the administration of atropine as much as ondansetron can be effective in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and the length of recovery stay in patients who undergoing strabismus surgery.

The most common postoperative complications are pain، vomiting، and nausea. They may in turn lead to other complications such as wound damage. On the other hand، the use of opioid analgesics has unwanted effects on patients. This study evaluated the effects of intravenous infusion of lidocaine on the need for anesthetics during the operation and analgesics after the operation in patients undergoing ophthalmologic surgeries.

This clinical trial study was performed in Feiz Hospital (Isfahan، Iran) during 2011. Overall، 80 patients who were scheduled for eye surgery under general anesthesia were selected and randomly allocated to two groups to be infused with either intravenous lidocaine or placebo during the operation. Pain، nausea، and vomiting were assessed every 15 minutes in the recovery room. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were used to measure the mentioned parameters. Finally، the collected data was analyzed with SPSS.

The mean dose of analgesics in the lidocaine and placebo groups was 6. 25 ± 11. 00 and 9. 65 ± 14. 5 mg/kg، respectively (P = 0. 22). Based on the VAS، the intensity of vomiting was 1. 09 ± 2. 70 in the lidocaine group and 1. 75 ± 3. 60 in the placebo group (P > 0. 05).

According to our findings، intravenous administration of lidocaine during eye surgeries cannot effectively reduce pain and postoperative complications. However، since it decreased the need for anesthetics during the operation، it can be recommended for ophthalmologic surgeries under general anesthesia. Nevertheless، more research in this field is warranted.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the most common complication after surgery that might prolong discharge time and cause some morbidity.

This double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 150 patients of both sexes aged 18-65 years. Patients were all ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) class I or II candidate for general anesthesia. They were randomly divided into three groups of ketamine, tramadol, and normal saline. We injected 2 cc of normal saline and 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine and 0.3 mg/kg of tramadol, respectively to the saline, ketamine, and tramadol groups. All injections were performed 30 minutes before the surgery ended. All patients were monitored for nausea and vomiting in the recovery room and during the first 24 hours after surgery. Data was analyzed by SPSS16.

The three groups did not differ significantly regarding patient characteristics. Average severity of PONV was 0.31 ± 1.2, 0.78 ± 1.89, and 1.25 ± 2.2 in the ketamine, tramadol, and saline groups, respectively (P = 0.24).

Our study showed ketamine to reduce PONV. In addition, tramadol did not increase PONV.