جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « diabetes type ii » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases that cause physical and mental problems and reduce self-care behaviors. The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of therapy based on quality of life on self-care behaviors in patients with diabetes type II.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group, and the research population included all type 2 diabetic patients in Birjand city in 2021, of which 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and were randomly selected into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The questionnaire on Tobert's self-care behaviors of diabetic patients was used to collect data. The method of implementing the intervention was in the form of quality of life-based treatment training during 8 sessions for the experimental group and the control group remained on the training waiting list. Data analysis was done using univariate and multivariate covariance analysis.

The results indicated that before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the average self-care score of the two groups, but after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the average self-care score in the control and experimental groups (P<0.05).

  Health professionals can use quality-of-life treatment to enhance self-care behaviors in individuals with type 2 diabetes, in conjunction with drug treatments.

Diabetes increases the risk of hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19 due to comorbidities. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible effects of complications related to diabetes and demographic characteristics on mortality and the duration of hospitalization of patients with COVID-19 in the hospital.

The retrospective study was conducted based on a descriptive approach. The statistical population of the study (n=130) consisted of diabetic patients hospitalized with a definite diagnosis of COVID-19 at Amirul Moeminin Ali Hospital in Zabol. The survey period was from 21 March 2021 to 21 March 2022 (one year). Data collection was done by reviewing patients' records by the researcher as well as using questionnaires and checklists.

The average hospitalization time due to infection with COVID-19 was 6.5 days (7.3 days for women and 5.3 days for men). The average age of the examined people was estimated at 59.4 years (women 58.4 years and men 60.8 years). The average BMI of patients was obtained at 30.3 kg/m2 (women 30.9 kg/m2 and men 29.3 kg/m2). Out of 130 examined patients, 4 (3.1%) cases died, whose average age was 74 years. Complications of the cardiovascular system were the most common among patients. The most clinical symptoms were cough and the least was vomiting.

As the results of this study showed, diabetic patients who were infected with COVID-19 were exposed to a higher risk of hospitalization and more complications from this disease. Therefore, the planners of the Ministry of Health as well as nurses and personnel working in the inpatient wards of COVID-19 patients should pay more attention to these patients.

Type II diabetes is one of the chronic diseases, and diabetes distress is one of the psychological factors affecting its management. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the effectiveness of self-healing with mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy on diabetes distress and control of glycemic in type II diabetic patients

This semi-experimental research was conducted on 60 people with type II diabetes who were selected purposefully. People were randomly divided into two intervention groups and one control group. The intervention groups received twelve 90-minute sessions (one session per week) of mindfulness-integrated cognitive behavior therapy and self-healing. The research tools were Polonsky et al.'s Diabetes Distress Scale (2005), which has content validity and reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.87, and laboratory equipment to measure hemoglobin glycoside. The data were analyzed using variance analysis with repeated measurements and post hoc tests in SPSS-24 software.

Between the two methods of intervention, only self-healing could effectively reduce glycosidic hemoglobin (P≤0.01). Moreover, both methods of intervention reduced diabetes distress; however, the effect of self-healing remained stable over time (P≤0.01).

The results indicated that self-healing was able to reduce hemoglobin glycoside in addition to diabetes distress and its effect remained constant over time. It is suggested to investigate the effect of self-healing in other areas related to diabetes.

Micro-RNAs are effective in inflicting diabetes type II and its side effects. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of High Intensity Interval Training & thyme honey on expression of the genes of the hepatic miR-423-5P - FAM3A-AKt2 pathway in rats.

36 male rats were fed with high-fat diets for 20weeks and were then injected streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) in order to inflict diabetes type II. The 36rats were then divided into four groups: Control, regular exercise group, nutritional intervention group and exercise with nutritional intervention group. Regular exercise included five sessions a week for eight weeks and nutritional intervention was done at a dosage of 3 g/kg of thyme honey using a gauge method. The amount of expression of miR-423-5P, mRNA FAM3A and mRNA AKt2 genes of the liver were assessed using RT-PCR and evaluation kits. The obtained findings were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

Expression of the miR-423-5P gene was significantly lower in all groups compared to control, expression of mRNA FAM3 had insignificant increase and expression of mRNA AKt2 had a significant increase in groups of regular exercise and exercise with nutritional intervention. This gene had an insignificant increase of expression in the group with only nutritional intervention. (p value<0.05)

It seems that HIIT & consumption of thyme honey, both alone and interactively with greater effectiveness, can change in expression of the mentioned gene in liver of rats with diabetes type II.

Diabetes is an incurable disease among the elderly. Itis estimated that it affects the quality of life, and non-pharmacological and psychological therapies can help reduce the problems of the elderly with diabetes. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of laughter therapy and solution-based therapy on hopefulness, meaningfulness, self-compassion, and hemoglobin A1C elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest, follow-up, and control group. The statistical population of the study included elderly patients 60-75 years old with type 2 diabetes referred to the Iranian Diabetes Association in Tehran. Among them, 54 were randomly selected and replaced in three groups: laughter therapy, solution therapy, and controlgroup. Data were obtained by self-compassion questionnaire, hopefulness scale, meaningfulness questionnaire, and glycated hemoglobin test. Before the beginning of the sessions, the pretest was administered for all three groups. After two months, the posttest was administered. In the first experimental group, laughter therapy, in the second experimental solution-centered intervention, and in the control group, no intervention was done. Glycated hemoglobin test was completed again two months after the end of the training in order to follow up and evaluate the sustainability of treatment effects. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA and SPSS software.

The mean (SD) of self-compassion in the laughter group increased from 67.5 (5.2) at pretest to 85.8 (6.2) at posttest and 86.2 (6.1) at the end of the follow-up period (P<0.001) and increased in solution-based therapy group from 69.2 (4.7) in pretest to 81.3 (8.3) in posttest and 81.7 (8.4) at the end of the follow-up period (P<0.001). The mean (SD) of meaningfulness in the laughter group increased from 43.9 (6.2) at pretest to 50.3 (6.8) at posttest and 50.7 (6.5) at the end of the follow-up period (P<0.001). It increased in the solution-based therapy group, from 44.8 (6.7) at pretest to 49.5 (7.9) at posttest and 49.8 (7.7) at the end of the follow-up period (P <0.001). The mean (SD) of hopefulness in the laughter group increased from 40.3 (8.1) at pretest to 45.6 (8.1) at posttest and 46.1 (7.7) at the end of the follow-up period (P<0.001) and increased in solution-based therapy from 40.2 (7.9) at pretest to 43.7 (8.1) at posttest and 43.7 (7.7) at the end of the follow-up period (P<0.001). The mean (SD) of hemoglobin A1C in the laughter group decreased from 7.3 (1.6) at pretest to 6.4 (1.1) at posttest and 6.3 (0.9) at the end of the follow-up period. (P<0.001). Moreover, it decreased in the solution-based therapy, from 7.2 (1.1) at pretest to 6.6 (1.1) at posttest and 6.6 (1.1) at the end of the follow-up period (P<0.001). In the control group,there was no significant difference in mean (SD) self-compassion, hopefulness, meaningfulness, and A1C hemoglobin levels in pretest, posttest, and follow up. A comparison of two treatments showed that laughter therapy was more effective in self-compassionand meaningfulness in the posttest period than solution-based therapy (P<0.001).

The study showed that both laughter therapy and solution-based therapy led to increased hopefulness, self-compassion, and reduced hyperglycemia. Laughter therapy was more effective than solution-based therapy in enhancing self-compassion and meaningfulness in patients with diabetes. However, there was no difference between hope and hyperglycemia in two therapy methods.

Diabetes type II causes structural and functional changes in the liver resulting in high concentrations of aminotransferases. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and Thyme honey on the liver enzymes of diabetic type II rats.

A total of 36 male Wistar rats were treated with a high-fat diet for 20 weeks and then injected with a 25 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin to induce diabetes type II. These rats with fatty liver were then divided into four groups of control, HIIT, Thyme honey, and HIIT with Thyme honey. Eight weeks, with five sessions every week, of HIIT were designed for the training groups. A Thyme honey daily dosage of 3 g/kg was given to the nutritional interventional groups using oral gavage. Finally, the rats were subjected to anesthesia at the end of the 8th weeks, and the blood samples were taken from the heart. After the measurement of the levels of serum liver enzymes, the obtained findings were analyzed using the two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The obtained results of the current study showed that aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the HIIT with Thyme honey group significantly decreased, compared to those reported for the control, HIIT, and Thyme honey groups. In addition, alkaline phosphatase in the HIIT with Thyme honey group significantly reduced, compared to that of the control group; however, this decrease in comparison to those reported for the HIIT and Thyme honey groups was not significant (P˂0.05).

It seems that HIIT and consumption of Thyme honey, both alone and interactively with greater effectiveness, can help reduce the liver enzymes in diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder. The ability to produce insulin hormones and its function has an encounter with a problem. The primary role of insulin is to lower blood sugar by various mechanisms. Diabetes is two main types. In type 1 diabetes, the degeneration of beta cells in the pancreas leads to defective insulin production. In type two, there is a progressive insulin resistance that can ultimately lead to degeneration of the pancreatic beta cells and complete insulin production. In type 2 diabetes, genetic factors, obesity, and dementia are known to play an important role in affliction. In diabetes, the speed and bodychr('39')s ability in the use and metabolism of glucose decreased, thus increasing the amount of glucose that is called hyperglycemia. Long–term sugar increase in the body destroys very tiny veins in the body that can affect various organs of the body, such as kidneys, eyes, and nerves. Also, diabetes is directly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease; therefore, screening and early detection of this disease in high–risk individuals can be useful in preventing these complications. Diagnosis, as well as diabetes screening, can be done by testing blood sugar. Psychological factors seem to play a role in its onset and course; Low frustration tolerance (LFT), or "short–term hedonism" is a concept utilized to describe the inability to tolerate unpleasant feelings or stressful situations. People with low frustration tolerance experience emotional disturbance when frustrations are not quickly resolved. Behaviors are then directed towards avoiding frustrating events, which paradoxically leads to increased frustration and greater mental stress emotional. Self–regulation or emotion regulation is the ability to respond to the ongoing demands of experience with the range of emotions in a manner that is socially tolerable and sufficiently flexible to permit spontaneous reactions as well as the ability to delay spontaneous reactions as needed. It can also be defined as extrinsic and intrinsic processes responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and modifying emotional reactions. Emotional self–regulation belongs to the broader set of emotion–regulation processes, which includes both the regulation of onechr('39')s feelings and the control of other peoplechr('39')s feelings. The aim of this study is a comparison of emotional regulation and frustration tolerance in women with diabetes type II and normal women.

The present study was a descriptive and comparative study. The statistical population consisted of all women with diabetes type II who referred to Karaj (Alborz province, North of Iran) in 2012 in the offices and the association of diabetes type II as well as in normal women living in Karaj. Of these, 180 were selected by sampling. The instrument used in this study included the Grass and John emotional stress scale, Harringtonchr('39')s failure tolerance. Data were analyzed using t test. 

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the emotional setting and failure rate and its components in the two groups of people with and without diabetes in Karaj women (p<0.001). Result showed that women with diabetes type II have a lower cognitive–emotional regulation and less tolerance than normal women.

Regarding to result of this study attention to psychological factors including emotional regulation and frustration tolerance offers to all professionals in this field.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases and is one of the biggest health problems in all countries. The most important strategy for controlling chronic patients is self-care behaviors. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Interactive Diabetes Management Training (IDMT) and Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on self-care in type II diabetic patients. This was a semi-experimental research and the population of this study included 2450 diabetic patients in Isfahan's Um Al-Benin Clinic, 39 of whom were selected through a convenient sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of control and one control group. Groups Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) for diabetic patients completed before and after education. Experimental group one, (SIT), and two groups of (IDMT) training received a weekly and group-based 90-minute training session. But the control group did not receive these training. The research findings were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and SPSS-19 software. IDMT and SIT were effective in diabetic patient’s self-care and both training increased self-care for participants. But there was no significant difference between the two methods of intervention (p ≤.319). SIT and IDMT can be used as an effective interventional method for increasing self-care in diabetic patients.

 It is possible to formulate and execute programs, to achieve ideals and goal using evaluation. In reality, evaluation of a self-care education program can determine the degree of adaptation of the program and identify effective factors in improving the program. The aim of this study was to investigate the evaluation of the self-cared educational program of diabetes type II based on the CIPP(Context,Input, Process,Product) evaluation model in the city of Mobarakeh in 2018.

 This study is descriptive and program evaluation based on the CIPP evaluation model. Information was collected in a cross-sectional fashion. Eighty one males and females participated in this study by the census method included the head of health center in the city, an expert in controlling diseases, an expert in charge of non-capture diseases of the city, health care observers in centers and health bases. In order to collect information, CIPP evaluation information questionnaires developed by the researchers. The gathered data were analyzed both descriptively and inferentially using chi squre tests, independent t-tests and ANOVA tests. Data was finally analyzed by SPSS version 22

 The results of this study based on CIPP evaluation model showed that the average of evaluation scores were like these: In the domains of Context (4/32±0/47), Input (3/87±0/35) were significantly lower than the average, process (4/17±0/34), and though the mean score of input (4/41±0/40) was higher (p<0/05). The results revealed that the Mean Score based on CIPP evaluation model in three domains including context, process and output is desirable and input is semi-desirable.

 Based on the evaluation results, it is recommended to evaluate the program regularly and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the program

A large part of the control and treatment of diabetes is performed by the participation of diabetic patient through self-care. Health literacy indicates the patient's health care; therefore, the present study was aimed to determine the level of health literacy and self-care level of type II diabetic patients referred to diabetes center of Zabol city.
This was a descriptive-analytic study that performed on 150 diabetic patient’s type II referred to Diabetes Control Center in Zabol in 2016 who had the inclusion criteria for the study. Samples were selected by using randomized sampling method. Data were collected through a questionnaire containing three parts of demographic information, health literacy, and self-care level in diabetes. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software and statistical tests (e.g.: T-test, Chi-Square, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlationcoefficient).
The results of this study showed that 71.3% of the participants had inadequate and cross-border health literacy and 28.7% of them had adequate health literacy. The findings also have showed that significant relationship between the level of health literacy with gender, age, and occupation. Alsofinding showed that 43% inadequate self-careº 35% border self-care and 22% adequate self-care level. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that adequate health literacy in people’s old age more than others. Also by increasing age in diabetic patients was higher health literacy rate and have been adequate self-care level.
The findings of this study showed that patients with type II diabetes had inadequate health literacy and this would cost a lot to the patients with diabetes each year. Hence, the production of media and educational materials in the local dialect of each region that have simple and comprehensible for all age groups and people with inadequate health literacy can be an effective step for improving health literacy at the individual and social levels

Diabetes is the ultimate cause of blindness, renal failure, and lower limb amputation and is almost the cause of more than half of non-traumatic amputations. As a chronic progressive disease, the patient faces physical, social, and psychological challenges that increase the risk of mental health problems and reduce the quality of life. Therefore, we sought to qualitatively synthesize the experiences of type II diabetic patients in Iran.

This is a systematic review and a synthesis of qualitative evidence based on Joanna Briggs methodology. The primary key words were investigated in the relevant national and international databases including google Scholar, PubMed, Wiley, Elsevier, SID, and Magiran to obtain the articles published up to 2017. Two authors separately investigated the articles for inclusion criteria, data extraction, and quality assessment. The meta-aggregative method was used for the synthesis of the findings.

Overall, 15 articles were eligible to be included in the study. Finally, three themes were synthesized, including “individual limitations regarding diabetes”, “positive viewpoints toward disease”, and “future concerns”.

The experiences of Iranian diabetic patients showed that they need special considerations to overcome their limitations and concerns.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most expensive chronic illnesses for both patients and governments, which faces the patients with a lot of problems. The chronic nature of diabetes affects the patient's physical, psychological, personal, and interpersonal performance, as well as psychological well-being. As a result, this disease is regarded as a stressor for the patients. There are different managerial theories to improve the health status of diabetic patients, one of which is Pender model. Regarding this, the present study was performed to determine the impacts of an educational program based on Pender model on the psychological well-being of type II diabetic patients. This clinical trial was conducted on 72 patients with type II diabetes mellitus referring to Hazrat Sedighe Tahere Diabetes Center. The study population was selected through simple random sampling method, and then assigned into two groups of control (n=36) and intervention (n=36). The Reef psychological well-being scale was filled out by both groups under the researcher’s supervision. The data were analyzed by independent t-test, Q-square, Man Whitney U test, and ANOVA in SPSS software (version 18). According to the results, the control group showed no significant difference in the psychological well-being mean score before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention (P>0.05). However, this difference was statistically significant in the intervention group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of psychological well-being mean score at the three stages of the intervention (P<0.05). The results of the LSD test revealed that the intervention group had a significantly higher psychological well-being mean score before the intervention, compared to immediately after (P=0.004) and one month after the intervention (P=0.007). Given the effect of Pender model-based educational program on the psychological well-being of the type II diabetic patients, it is recommended to apply this method as an effective, useful, and cost-efficient approach.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate continuous training on plasma apelin concentrations and insulin resistance in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. 39 elderly males and females were randomly divided into three groups: high intensity interval training (HIGH), moderate continuous training (CONT) and control (CTL).
This research was a clinical trial; it was informative and quantitative one in collecting information. Training interventions were performed three times per week and for 10 weeks on a bicycle ergometer. The high intensity interval training included 6 intervals and each interval included 4 minutes with 85-90% HRmax and 3 minutes with 45-50% HRmax. The moderate-continuous training included 42 minutes cycling with 70% HRmax. 48 hours after the last training session, blood sampling was performed and plasma apelin levels, lipid profile, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulin plasma levels were measured.
ANOVA test and Tukey post hoc test showed a significant decrease in insulin resistance in the two groups of training compared to the control group (P = 0.019). The plasma apelin levels in the high intensity interval training group was significantly lower than the control group (P = 0.022). Cardio respiratory fitness (VO2peak) was significantly increased in the training groups compared to the control group (P = 0.008). After a 10-week exercise, HDL-levels increased significantly in exercise groups (P = 0.022) and decreased significantly compared to the plasma levels of LDL (P = 0.046). However, there was no significant difference between the training groups. All the values were expressed as mean± SEM and P Possibly in elderly patient with type 2 diabetes high intensity interval training have a greater effect on the improvement and regulation of the secretion of apelin and other glycemic indices compared to continuous training protocols.

Background and Today, cognitive-behavioral group therapy is empirically supported in treatment of emotional disorders and in some ​​chronic diseases such as diabetes. The aim of the present research was to study the effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), self-efficacy, depression, illness perception, and quality of life in patients with type II diabetes.
In this clinical trial, 43 patients were found eligible, of whom 30 were selected using simple random sampling and were divided into two groups: experimental and control. HbA1c was measured in all participants and they completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Self-efficacy in diabetic patients (DMSES), Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ), and Diabetes D-39. The experimental group attended 10 training sessions based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (Beck approach), for 1.5 hours, twice a week. The scales were completed again, after the intervention and a month later. The HbA1c was also measured again.
The mean age of participants was 46.5±7.21 years. At first, both groups were heterogeneous in dependent variables. Cognitive behavioral group therapy decraesed depression (P=0.049) and increased illness perception (P=0.005) in patients with type II diabetes, but HbA1c, self efficacy, and quality of life did not change significantly.
In this study, cognitive-behavioral group therapy was found to have positive effects on reducing depression and increasing the illness perception in diabetic patients. Hence, it is suggested along with current treatments in type II diabetes.

Intervention based on acceptance and commitment is one of the third waves cognitive behavioral therapies and is currently being used in the treatment of a number of psychological conditions and disorders. It also enhances psychological flexibility and subsequently improves patient's mental health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of intervention based on acceptance and commitment on emotions and thoughts control in patients with type II diabetes in Ferdows city.
Participants if this clinical research included 34 patients with type II diabetes that were selected from those who had records in the hospital clinic in Ferdows city at 2016 year and who were randomly assigned into equal control and experimental groups. All the participants completed both Effective Control Scale (ECS) and Thought Control Questionnaire (TCQ) as the pre-test and post-test. Afterwards the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy each of which lasted for one hour. Data analyzed through covariance and SPSS software.
The results showed that intervention based on acceptance and commitment had significantly improved emotions and thoughts control in the experimental group compared to controls (P Generally, the findings of this study show the efficacy of intervention based on acceptance and commitment to improve emotions control and thought control in patients with type II diabetes and also represents new horizons in clinical interventions which can be used as an appropriate intervention.

Diabetes increases oxidative stress in different tissues and leads to increased levels of oxidation of DNA, proteins and lipids. Paraoxonase is an esterase enzyme that is carried along with HDL-C. This enzyme prevents of the peroxidation of LDL-C and therefore effective in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis.
Subjects and In this clinical trial study the subjects of this research included diabetic postmenopausal women in the city of Babol with the age range between 50 and 60 years old. Who were selected with coordination of Diabetes Association. The statistical sample included 33 subjects who were randomly divided into four groups (n=7 to 9). These groups were randomely divided into: control, pomegranate juice, exercise and exercise-pomegranate juice. Program of aerobic training groups was for six weeks, three times in a week and for 45-65 minutes/day and in four afternoon was carried out. Subjects consume 150 ml of pomegranate juice daily at eight oclock every morning.. For the analysis data from the Dependent t-test and analysis of variance one way ANOVA was used.
There was a highly significant increase in the paraoxonase-1 (P activity of paraoxonase enzyme and Plasma lipid profile can be influenced by dietary factors and lifestyle.

Type II diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and accounts for 90 percent of disease cases. CTLA4 represents a key regulatory element in the T cell/antigen-presenting cell interaction. Because CTLA4 involves in antigen-specific apoptosis and progressive failure of B-cell, a typical feature of type 2 diabetes, CTLA4 may be a candidate gene to indicate type 2 diabetes susceptibility. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of polymorphisms of CTLA-4 gene in type II diabetic patients compared with healthy subjects.
In this case-control study, the blood samples were collected from 100 patients and 111 controls from Sanandaj, Hamedan and Kermanshah cities. After DNA extraction, the polymorphisms of CTLA-4 was investigated by ARMS-PCR method. Then, statistical analysis of results was performed using chi-square test.
Findings: The results show that the GG genotype at position [OR (95% CI) = 1.92 P = 0.02] and in position - 318 TT and CT [OR (95% CI) = 9.80 P = 0.02] are a risk factor for Type II diabetes, while on position -1722 T/C [OR (95% CI) = 1.85 P =0.50] doesn’t have significant relationship.
Discussion & These results suggest that the polymorphisms A/G and -318 C/T of CTLA-4 gene have significant relationship with type II diabetes, without any significant relationship with the position of -1722 T/C.