جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "impulsive behavior" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Impulsivity means acting with the least thought towards future behaviors or acting based on thoughts that are not the best option for a person or others. This study was conducted to investigate psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Impulsive Behavior Scale (IBS) of Barratt on pre-hospital personnel of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2023.

This methodological study was conducted 18 pre-hospital emergency centers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences during 2022-2023. In this study, the Persian version of the IBS has been used. Face and content validity of the scale in this study was confirmed using qualitative and quantitative methods, and construct validity was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for each field and the scale.

The IBS had three unplanned, motor and attentional subscales with 23 items and the varimax rotation showed variance of 52.06%. In CFA, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.093 and normalized fit index (NFI), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit (GFI) and incremental fit index (IFI) were higher than 0.9. Cronbach's alpha coefficient in the scale was 0.85%, and the intra-subject correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.84%.

The study results showed that the scale for pre-hospital personnel had the required validity and reliability, and it can be used for the impulsive behavior in pre-hospital personnel.

Individuals with paranoid personality disorder (PPD) usually suffer from impulsive behavior and anxiety and constantly imagine others trying to humiliate, harm, or threaten them. This disorder causes mistrust towards others and may interfere with a person's ability to form close relationships.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) on impulsivity and anxiety in patients with PPD.

This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population included all patients aged 30 – 50 years with PPD referred to psychological and psychiatric clinics and hospitals in Yazd, (Iran), in 2022. Convenience sampling was employed to select 30 individuals with PPD. The participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) and a control (n = 15) group using a table of random numbers. The participants completed impulsivity and anxiety questionnaires during the pretest and posttest stages. The experimental group received ten 20-minute sessions of tDCS. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS v25.0.

The participants included 30 men and women with PPD with an average age of 41.23 ± 8.40 years. In the posttest, the mean ± SD of impulsivity for tDCS and control groups were 54.67 ± 4.03 and 93.93 ± 3.67, respectively. Moreover, the mean ± SD of anxiety in tDCS and control groups in the posttest were 16.40 ± 2.79 and 42.39 ± 2.99, respectively. The results indicated that tDCS significantly improved impulsivity and reduced anxiety at the posttest stage (P < 0.001).

Transcranial direct-current stimulation can alleviate impulsivity and anxiety in patients with PPD. Therefore, therapists can implement the tDCS method as a complementary therapy to improve impulsivity and anxiety in patients with PPD.

 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that causes poor academic performance. If left untreated, it can lead to different comorbidities such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse.

 This study compared the effects of a computer-based intervention (Captain's Log MindPower Builder) combined with Ritalin to those of Ritalin alone on sustained attention, divided attention, and impulsivity in children with ADHD.

 The statistical population included all boys and girls with ADHD aged 7 - 12 years who visited Baqiyatallah Hospital of Tehran in 2021 (N = 103). Purposive sampling was employed to select 30 eligible children as the research sample. They were then randomly assigned to an intervention group (Captain's Log MindPower Builder + Ritalin) and a waitlist control group (Ritalin alone). The computer-based intervention was performed in twelve 60-minute sessions. The data were collected by conducting the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was then utilized to analyze the research data. SPSS software v26 was used for data analysis.

 The mean ± SD of sustained attention, divided attention and impulsivity were 78.26 ± 6.90, 80.20 ± 6.01, and 73.70 ± 8.91on the pretest in the intervention group; moreover, it was 88.87 ± 7.19, 90.94 ± 5.45, and 82.41 ± 8.46 on the pretest in the control group. According to the results, the computer-based intervention had significant effects on both sustained attention and divided attention; however, it failed to significantly improve impulsivity (P < 0.001). Additionally, the intervention effects during the 45-day follow-up period only showed stability for sustained attention (P < 0.001). In fact, its effects on divided attention and impulsivity control were not significant.

 The computer-based intervention enhanced Ritalin's effects in some ways and improved sustained attention. Therefore, education centers for children with ADHD are recommended to adopt this method in order to improve attention in such children. Nevertheless, further studies are needed in this field to gain a better insight into the effectiveness of Captain's Log MindPower Builder.

Sexual desires and sexual activities are one of the natural needs of human being, which if not used in the right direction, may become problematic and lead to various sexual disorders, including hypersexuality. The aim of this research was to compare the dialectic behavior therapy and aripiprazole drug on impulsive behavior in hypersexual patients.

This experimental study based on control and treatment groups with pre-test and post-test and follow up was done on 54 male and female with hypersexuality that were selected and placed randomly in two groups of treatment (18 patients in every group) and one group of control (18 patients). Pre-test stage was done for three groups by Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11). The first treatment group underwent DBT intervention for 8 sessions of 2 hours (once a week) and the second experimental group was prescribed aripiprazole for two months. The post-test and follow up was done for all three groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

DBT had an effect on the impulsive behavior and improved it (P˂0.01); Aripiprazole had an effect on the motor impulsivity component of impulsive behavior and improved it (P˂0.01). There was a difference between the effects of DBT and aripiprazole, with the greater effect of DBT, in the variables of impulsive behavior (P˂0.01).

Based on the results, it can be said that the intervention of DBT and aripiprazole drug can have an effect on impulsive behavior of patients.

The transition to school brings about changes in a student’s self-perception and relationships with others, which can make adjustment difficult. This research aimed to investigate the mediating role of smartphone addiction in the correlation between loneliness and impulsivity with academic adjustment in female high school students. The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study included all female high school students in Ahvaz, Iran, during 2022-23 academic year. The stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 406 students as the research sample. The research instruments included the Academic Adjustment Scale, Loneliness Scale, Impulsivity Inventory, and Mobile Phone Addiction Scale. The proposed model was evaluated through path analysis in SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 25, while the indirect paths were tested through bootstrapping. There was a negative correlation between smartphone addiction (r=-0.43, P=0.001), loneliness (r=-0.32, P=0.001), and impulsivity (r=-0.27, P=0.001) with academic adjustment in the students. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between smartphone addiction and loneliness (r=0.31, P=0.001) as well as impulsivity (r=0.32, P=0.001). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between impulsivity and loneliness in the students (r=0.45, P=0.001). The results showed that all direct paths, except loneliness, were significantly correlated with academic adjustment (P<0.001). Indirect paths to academic adjustment were also significant when mediated by smartphone addiction (P<0.001). According to the results, the research model had a good fit (TLI=0.94, CFI=0.96, NFI=0.96, and RMSEA=0.059). Based on the research model, impulsivity and smartphone addiction had a negative correlation with the academic adjustment of female students. Smartphone addiction played a mediating role in the correlation between loneliness and impulsivity with the adjustment of female students. The results can provide a good model for designing and developing specific plans to prevent academic failure and improve academic adjustment.

Immature behaviors, including impulsivity and lack of control lead to personal and social pathologies, such as addiction.

This meta-analysis study aimed to evaluate the effect of impulsivity on addition and addictive tendencies. This comprehensive interdisciplinary quantitative meta-analysis integrated the research findings regarding the effect of impulsivity on addiction and addictive tendencies based on secondary data. A checklist was developed for collecting data based on the article title, author specifications, publication year, setting, research type, hypothesis, data collection instrument, statistical population, sample size, significance level, and probability value to avoid bias in the study selection protocol.

The results of studies were divided into nine databases to calculate the effect size, and finally, 11 studies were analyzed. The descriptive data analysis and effect size calculation were performed in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (CMA) version 2.0. Based on the fixed-effects model, 0.153 of the studies contributed significantly to the actual fixed effect sizes. The difference in effect sizes was due to sampling error. The random-effects model (0.202) suggested the independence of the studies (P < 0.001) with moderate robustness.

According to the results, the behavioral construct of impulsivity significantly and positively affected addictive behaviors and tendencies. Therefore, the mediating effect of impulsivity, promote resilience, and train protective strategies for individuals prone to addiction should be controlled to improve mental health quality and develop social, communication, and life skills.

Special Learning Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is considered to be from biological origin and causes abnormalities at the cognitive level. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation-based cognitive therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation on impulsivity of students with special learning disorders. This study was quasi-experimental and based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The participants were the second elementary school (fourth, fifth, and sixth grades) pupils with particular learning difficulties and were enrolled in Tabriz schools, Tabriz, Iran during the academic year 2019–2020. 54 students with unique learning difficulties who were randomly chosen from among those with exceptional learning disorders and allocated to three groups made up the study sample. The first experiment group underwent cognitive regulation therapy based on the emotion regulation for eight sessions of 45 minutes per week; the second experiment group received 20 sessions of direct transcranial Current stimulation on a daily basis, and the control group did not receive any treatment. Colorado Learning Disorder Questionnaire and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using a Univariate analysis of covariance with SPSS version 22. Based on the demographic findings, the mean age and standard deviation of the cognitive therapy group based on emotion regulation was 11.05±0.872, in the direct transcranial electrical stimulation group was 10.83±0.83 and in the control group was 11.11±0.8. The results showed that both cognitive emotion regulation treatments and transcranial direct electrical stimulation had an effect on the components of impulsivity, motor impulsivity (P=0.012), impulsivity Cognitive (P=0.001), and lack of planning (P=0.001). However, transcranial direct electrical stimulation had a greater effect on the cognitive impulsivity component of students with specific learning disorders. It can be concluded that direct transcranial stimulation can have a greater effect on cognitive impulsivity.

Background & Aims of the Study: 

This study aimed to predict impulsive behavior based on responsibility and resilience in employees of Qom Municipality, Qom City, Iran.

The research method was descriptive-correlational in terms of applied objectives and terms of the data collection method. The study population comprised all employees of Qom Municipality in 2019-20, which was 3300 people. Among them, 250 people were selected using the available sampling method and the Cochran formula. The study data were collected using impulsive behavior, responsibility, and resilience questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis (stepwise method).

The results of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that a decrease of one unit in “responsibility and resilience” by 0.767 and 0.105 units, respectively, increases the score of “impulsive behavior” of employees. Also, the results of the Pearson correlation analysis showed a negative and significant relationship between responsibility and impulsive behavior (P<0.01, r=-0.793) and a negative and significant relationship between resilience and impulsive behavior (P<0.01, r=-0.291).

It is concluded that impulsive behavior is predicted based on responsibility and resilience in municipal employees

Road accidents are a major cause of deaths, injuries, and financial losses globally, especially in developing countries. Iran is one of the countries with a high rate of road accidents causing considerable damage in different domains. Therefore, in order to tackle this problem, we need to examine its causes.

The aim of the present study was to examine the association of risky driving behavior with impulsiveness, attentional bias, and decision-making styles.

This was a descriptive-correlational study. The sample included 117 male drivers, aged 20 - 34 years, attending car insurance agencies in Tehran. The participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. The data were gathered using the Manchester Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), the Decision-Making Style Scale (DMS), and the Dot Probe Task to assess attentional bias. All data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis, by using SPSS, version 22.

According to the results of the Pearson correlation coefficient, risky driving behavior was significantly correlated with impulsiveness subscales (P < 0.01) and attentional bias (P < 0.05). In addition, significant relationships were observed between risky driving behaviors and three decision-making styles, including rational (P < 0.05), spontaneous (P < 0.01), and avoidant (P < 0.01).

Based on the study results, impulsivity, decision-making styles, and attentional bias as factors influencing drivers’ cognitive skills related to driving, could explain the increase in the frequency of risky driving behavior.

The lifelong consequences of child abuse encompasses mental health problems, to have experience of child abuse and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), could result to impulsive behavior, in a wide range of psychiatric disorders.

This study aimed to examine the role of childhood abuse experience and EMSs in predicting impulsivity among patients with psychiatric disorders in Zahedan, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran.

The present research was a descriptive-analytical study. The research sample included 151 patients referring to psychiatric treatment centers. The sampling process was carried out following a pilot study, and the samples were selected from the patients who referred to psychiatric treatment centers in Zahedan from December 30, 2017 to July 29, 2018. The participants then filled out Barratt Impulsiveness scale (BIS-11), the short version of Young Schema questionnaire (YSQ), and Mohammadkhani’s Child Abuse questionnaire (CASRS). The collected data was analyzed with SPSS software version 21, using descriptive statistics (i.e., frequency, mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (i.e., stepwise linear regression model).

The result showed that there was a significant positive correlation between childhood abuse and EMSs with impulsivity. Disconnection/rejection and other-directedness could predict motor impulsiveness (F = 38.17, p < 0.001). On the other hand, cognitive impulsiveness could be predicted by neglect and disconnection/rejection (F = 18.60, P < 0.001). Impaired autonomy, performance and impaired limits were also the predictors of non-planning impulsiveness (F = 39.73, P < 0.001).

Childhood abuse experience and EMSs may lead to inefficient interpersonal relationships, risky behaviors, self-harm, harmful behaviors towards others, and decreased mental health during an individual’s lifetime.

Given the importance of identifying people at risk of dangerous behaviors and necessity of providing valid measures in this area, present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and factor structure of short Persian version of the five factor impulsive behavior scale. 352 participants living in Tehran were selected. The participants filled out Urgency, Premeditation, Perseverance, Sensation seeking, and Positive urgency (UPPS-P) Impulsive behavior scale, short form of UPPS-P Impulsive behavior scale, and difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Internal consistency reliability of impulsive behavior scale ranged between 0.52 and 0.75. The results of exploratory factor analysis confirmed the factor structure of this scale, with the exception of combining two dimensions of urgency under a factor. Criterion validity showed significant positive correlation between the difficulty in emotion control and factors of impulsivity by examining the association between scores of the factors of impulsivity with difficulty in emotion control scale. This findings indicated that impulsive behavior scale has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used to predict a variety of risky behaviors. However, given the low number of items of this form (20 items) compared to the long form, generalization of this study findings should be done with cautious.