جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « life expectancy » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Due to the development of science, life expectancy has increased and the number of elderly people in the world is growing. As such, all countries face major challenges to ensure that their health and social systems are ready to manage this demographic change. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of salutogenic empowerment based on body knowledge on the quality of life and life expectancy of the elderly with chronic diseases.

In terms of the nature of the collected data, the present research is part of quantitative studies, in terms of purpose it is part of applied studies, and in terms of method, it is part of semi-experimental designs with pre-test and post-test of several groups with a control group and with follow-up. The statistical population of the research consists of all elderly people with chronic diseases under the welfare support of Bam in 1400. The sample of the research was 40 of these elderly people who were selected in a purposeful way and randomly assigned to two groups, including the experimental group and the control group (20 people in each group). The measuring tools of the research were the health-related quality of life questionnaires of Lipad and Miller's life expectancy questionnaire. SPSS software and univariate analysis of variance test were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that salutogenic empowerment based on body knowledge has an impact on the quality of life and life expectancy of the elderly with chronic diseases.

The results indicated the effect of salutogenic empowerment based on body knowledge on the quality of life and life expectancy of the elderly with chronic diseases. Therefore, it is suggested that counselors and therapists use salutogenic empowerment training based on body knowledge to increase life expectancy and raise the quality of life of the elderly.

Life expectancy plays an important role in people's adaptation to the issue of divorce, and lack or low life expectancy causes psychological damage. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying life expectancy factors in women after divorce.

The current research was conducted with the qualitative approach of conventional content analysis. The statistical population of the present study included experts including academic lecturers in the field of psychology from Zanjan Islamic Azad University, Qom University and Zanjan University and experts in the field of family and divorce as well as women after divorce from several psychology centers in Zanjan city in in 2022.
Data collection was done by semi-structured interview method. Data analysis was done using the conventional content analysis method and in MAXQDA. 2020.

Findings showed 8 main themes and 33 sub-themes including: factors of independent financing (with 3 sub-themes), factors related to personality characteristics (with 4 sub-themes), factors related to group education through media and culture building (with 4 sub-themes), factors related to counseling and psychotherapy (with 4 sub-themes), factors related to family support, social support, government support (with 7 sub-themes), factors related to empowerment and having a goal (with 7 sub-themes), factors related to healthy lifestyle (with 2 sub-themes) and factors related to spirituality (with 2 sub-themes).

The existence of 8 main themes including factors of independent financing, factors related to personality characteristics, factors related to group education through media and culture, factors related to counseling and psychotherapy, factors related to family support, social support, and government support. It showed factors related to empowerment and having a goal, factors related to healthy lifestyle and factors related to spirituality. Therefore, it is suggested to use the results of the present study to increase the life expectancy of divorced women.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral stress management training on emotion regulation strategies, life expectancy, mental well-being, and social Adjustment in students with generalized anxiety disorder.

This study was a semi-experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of high school students with generalized anxiety disorder in Divandarreh city in the academic year 2022-2023. Using purposive sampling method, 28 of them were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (14 subjects) and control (14 subjects). Then, the experimental group received 10 sessions (90 minutes each) of cognitive-behavioral stress management protocol according to Antoni et al. (2007). To collect data, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Scale, life expectancy Scale, Mental Well-being Questionnaire, and California Social Adjustment Questionnaire were utilized. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS-26 software.

The results indicated a significant difference between the control and experimental groups (p < 0.01) in pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages in emotion regulation strategies (p < 0.01), (pretest scores: 16.42, posttest: 28.42, follow-up: 27.14), life expectancy (p < 0.01), (pretest scores: 85.57, posttest: 119.28, follow-up: 105.07), mental well-being (total) (p < 0.01) (pretest scores: 92.71, posttest: 128.71, follow-up: 126.71), and social Adjustment (total) (p < 0.01) (pretest scores: 10.06, posttest: 18.70, follow-up: 17.15).

Considering the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral stress management training in enhancing emotion regulation strategies, life expectancy, mental well-being, and social Adjustment in students with generalized anxiety disorder, the results of the present study can be used in counseling and psychotherapy centers for intervention in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder.

Breaking the marital contract is one of the most traumatic issues that women face and it can lead to cognitive, emotional and behavioral symptoms in them. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of "Existential Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" with "Compassion-Based Therapy" on self-differentiation and life expectancy in women affected by husband's breach of contract.

The present research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test, follow-up and control group design. The statistical population of the present study were women affected by the breach of contract by their husbands who referred to counseling and screening centers in Isfahan city in the Spring of 2023, of which 51 were randomly assigned to the first and second intervention groups and the control group (17 in each group). Research tools included: demographic questionnaire, "Self of Differentiation Inventory" and "Life Expectancy Questionnaire". Content validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The participants of the "Existential Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" group and the "Compassion-Based Therapy" group were treated during 10 sessions 90-minute. The control group received the treatment after the completion of the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 22.

The results of analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni's post hoc test showed that "Existential Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" and "Compassion-Based Therapy" were effective in increasing self-differentiation and life expectancy in women affected by husband's breach of contract (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the effect of two treatment methods on self-differentiation and hope for the future (P<0.01).

"Existential Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" and "Compassion-Based Therapy " have been effective in increasing self-differentiation and life expectancy in women affected by husband's breach of contract. Therefore, it is suggested to therapists, marriage and family counselors that the above treatment methods are used to reduce the conflicts of women who are affected by their spouse's breach of contract.

Pain as one of the side effects of chemotherapy is associated with physical and psychological discomforts in breast cancer patients. The aim of this study was designing, validating and evaluate the effectiveness of a pain management program for pain and life expectancy in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy.

The program was designed using a qualitative thematic analysis method. Relevant studies were identified from the background and used to develop a six-session program by identifying primary, secondary, and main component codes. Then, to evaluate the validity, 10 experts in this field were asked to assess the program. A semi-experimental method was used to assess the effectiveness of the program. In 2022, 28 breast cancer patients with a cancer severity of 1 to 3 undergoing chemotherapy at Namazi and Amir hospitals in Shiraz city were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (n=14). Both groups were evaluated by Brief Pain Inventory and Hope Scale in three phases: pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up. Moreover, the variance analysis with repeated measures was used to analyze the data.

Based on the evaluation results, the pain management program demonstrated sufficient content validity and reliability. In addition, the intervention group reported significantly lower pain and higher life expectancy scores in post-test (p<0.01). The difference reminded significant in follow-up (p<0.01).

Based on the study findings, the pain management program effectively moderates pain and improves the life expectancy of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Hence, this program is a suitable option to moderate the side effects of chemotherapy.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of two group spirituality therapy approaches with acceptance and commitment based therapy on increasing the life expectancy and happiness of cancer patients in Kermanshah city. The research method was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all cancer patients referred to Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah. The sampling method was available (with the approval of a specialist doctor and undergoing chemotherapy) and they were divided into three groups of 15 people, which include two test groups and one control group. Eight ninety-minute spiritual therapy sessions were given to the first experimental group and eight ninety-minute training sessions based on acceptance and commitment therapy were presented to the second experimental group. Schneider et al.'s (1991) life expectancy scale and Schneider et al.'s (1991) happiness scale were used to collect data. The results showed that spiritual therapy is effective in increasing life expectancy and happiness, treatment based on acceptance and commitment is effective in increasing life expectancy and happiness of cancer patients, and the results of the research showed that spiritual therapy is more effective than acceptance-based therapy. And commitment to increasing life expectancy and happiness among cancer patients has a greater effect. Therefore, by performing psychological interventions on time, it is possible to help increase the life expectancy and happiness, speed up recovery and reduce the length of hospitalization in the hospital, and finally reduce the hospital costs in these patients, and change the physical outlook and pay more attention to psychological aspects in this group of patients.

Experiencing tensions such as anxiety, stress, and depression is inevitable due to the nature of the disease and treatment, which can affect the life expectancy of these patients. Emotional intelligence is one of the most effective components in adapting to a disease and its complications and in complying with treatment. This study is conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between emotional intelligence and life expectancy in leukemia patients.

This was a descriptive -correlational study conducted on 200 patients with leukemia who were referred to the selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2023. The research tools included a demographic information form, Schutte emotional intelligence questionnaire, and Snyder life expectancy questionnaire. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics methods.

The average age of the participants in the research was 36/83 ± 11/13 in the age range of 18-69. Most of the patients were male (62%) and married (66/5%). The mean score of emotional intelligence in leukemia patients was 127/17 and the mean score of life expectancy was 32/19. According to the results of the study, there was a positive and significant correlation between emotional intelligence and life expectancy (P<0/001) (r=0/364).

Based on the results of the study, patients with higher emotional intelligence had higher life expectancy. Since emotional intelligence is very helpful in facing stress and tension and can be taught and learned, implementing interventions to increase emotional intelligence can be the basis for improving the life expectancy of these patients.

Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the approaches used to change problematic emotions and behaviors caused by painful experiences. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of TF-CBT on active coping style and life expectancy in 9-12-year-old orphan girl children.

The research method was carried out in a semi-experimental way with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up plan with a control group. The statistical population of the study included orphan children and girls living in the boarding centers of Isfahan City. To carry out the research, 40 people who were willing to participate in the project were selected through a public call in the welfare boarding center. Then they were randomly assigned to two experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups. Hernandez's coping behavior questionnaires (2008) and Schneider's children life expectancy questionnaires (1995) were administered as a pre-test, and then the experimental group underwent 10 sessions (one 45-minute session per week) of TF-CBT of Feder et al. (2010) and after the completion of the post-test treatment and after 45 days of follow-up, it was performed for both groups.

 Repeated analysis measurement of variance test was used in SPSS-23 software to analyze the results. The results showed that TF-CBT had a significant effect on increasing active coping style and life expectancy of the participants (p<0.05).

According to the results of the research TF-CBT can be used as one of the new approaches to increase the life expectancy of orphan girls with relatively stable effects, to increase coping style in welfare centers.

The purpose of the current research was to compare the personality traits, ambiguity tolerance and life expectancy of people satisfied and dissatisfied with the corona vaccine injection.

The current research was of comparative causal type. The statistical population of the present study included all vaccinated people in Karaj city. Among the statistical population, and according to Cochran’s formula, 306 people were selected using available sampling method. The data collection tools were Neo Personality Questionnaire, Snyder et al.’s Life Expectancy Questionnaire and McLean’s Ambiguity Tolerance Questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used for data analysis.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between ambiguity tolerance, factorial thinking subscales of life expectancy and neuroticism and agreeableness personality traits in the satisfied and dissatisfied groups of corona vaccination.

According to the results, it can be concluded that psychological factors can be effective in the level of satisfaction with vaccination and paying attention to these factors in epidemics such as the corona epidemic can help health professionals to encourage people to inject vaccines.

Over the years, the Military University of Medical Sciences has organized jihadi camps as part of students' educational programs, utilizing their capabilities to serve disadvantaged sections of society. Hence, this study aims to assess the impact of participation in jihadi camps as a valuable and effective voluntary movement on the life expectancy of students across various medical sciences departments at the Military University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 at the Military University of Medical Sciences. The study population comprised students of the Military University of Medical Sciences. Non-cooperation with the research team was the withdrawal criterion, and 200 students completed questionnaires through online electronic systems like Press Line and in paper form by personally approaching students in university settings such as classrooms, morning report sessions, and other educational gatherings. Additionally, research was carried out in the student dormitories of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences using stratified sampling methods to gather information.

Two hundred individuals participated in this study, with 81.0% being men and 19.0% women. Among them, 123 individuals (61.5%) fell into the 20-25 age group. 97% of participants were medical students, with 137 (68.5%) pursuing professional doctoral studies and 57 (28.5%) specializing. Of the participants, 86 (43%) had not engaged in jihadi camps at all, while 114 (57%) had participated at least once. The life expectancy questionnaire score was 165.62±11.46 for non-participants in jihadi camps and 174.96±18.51 for those who engaged three times (P=0.001). A significant relationship was found between education level and jihadi camp participation (P<0.001). The average life expectancy questionnaire score was 171.07±15.25 for professional doctoral students and 163.75±7.88 for those specializing (P=0.004). Married individuals scored an average of 165.58±9.04, while unmarried individuals scored 171.40±15.81 (P=0.004).

The findings indicate that medical students voluntarily participating in jihadi camps exhibited higher life expectancies. This study underscores the importance of further investigating the link between voluntary activities and physical and mental health outcomes.

The aim of this study was to compare quality of life, life expectancy and coping strategies with stress in fertile and infertile women in Shiraz. The research method is descriptive-analytical and causal-comparative and is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study includes all fertile and infertile couples who referred to gynecology and infertility clinics in Shiraz in 1400. Among them, 100 people (50 fertile women, 50 infertile women) were selected as the sample. In this study, three standard questionnaires of life expectancy, Miller (1988), quality of life of infertile women, Schneider et al. (2004) and Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire (1988) were used to collect data. These tests have acceptable validity and validity. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency percentage, standard deviation, standard deviation and inferential statistical methods such as Mann-Whitney test, correlation coefficient, stepwise regression, t-test. The results showed that at a significant level comparing quality of life, life expectancy and a positive effect on coping strategies in fertile and infertile women.

The different experience of bereavement of the survivors of the deceased infected with corona, its effect on the mental health of the survivors, and the recognition of effective psychological treatments these days is one of the important challenges in the field of health. The aim of the research was to compare the effectiveness of treatment focused on compassion and logotherapy on the life expectancy and time perspective of the families of those who died due to the corona virus.

This study was a quasi-experimental type with a pretest-posttest design. The statistical population included the families of those who died due to the corona virus in Shahrekord City in 2022. The sample size was 45 people who were purposefully selected and randomly assigned into two experimental groups (15 people each) and a control group (15 people). Miller and Powers’ Life Expectancy and Zimbardo and Boyed’s Time Perspective Questionnaires were used to collect information. The experimental groups received treatment focused on Gilbert's compassion and Frankl's logotherapy in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results indicated that logotherapy is more effective on present-hedonic time perspective (p<0.001) and there is no significant difference between the two mentioned treatments in life expectancy, past-negative time perspective, future time perspective, time perspective transcendence-future, positive past time perspective, and present time perspective believing in destiny (p<0.05).

According to the results of the research, the focused treatment of compassion and logotherapy are effective interventions to increase life expectancy and change the time perspective of the families of those who died due to the corona virus.

In recent years, the distribution of the country's population has changed towards older ages, and the aging phenomenon can be seen in Iran as in other parts of the world. Considering the increasing trend of the share of the elderly in the total population of the country, it is of great importance to examine the life expectancy component and other factors affecting the life expectancy of the elderly; Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of perfectionism in the relationship between psychological capital and sense of vitality with life expectancy in the elderly.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the mediating role of perfectionism in the relationship between psychological capital and sense of vitality with life expectancy in the elderly. The present research method is descriptive and correlation type. The research population was all elderly people covered by the welfare department of Torbat Heydarieh city in 2022 then 260 people were selected as a sample of the research available. To collect data from Hewitt & Flett's multidimensional perfectionism scale, Schneider et al life expectancy questionnaire, Luthans’s psychological capital questionnaire and Ryan & Frederick’s vitality questionnaire. Pearson's correlation test and path analysis were also used to analyze the data.

In the descriptive analysis of the demographic data of the respondents, the findings showed that 11% of the elderly were 65-60 years old, 16.2% were 70-66 years old, 31% were 75-71 years old, and 21.4% were 76-75 years old. 80 years and 20.5% were above 80 years. The results of the path analysis indicated that psychological capital has a direct (0.63) and an indirect effect on life expectancy (0.19) through perfectionism (p<0.01). Also, the results showed that vitality has a direct (0.34) and an indirect effect on life expectancy (0.05) through perfectionism (p<0.01).

Considering the mediating role of perfectionism in the relationship between psychological capital and sense of vitality with the life expectancy of the elderly, holding group therapy workshops in nursing homes for the elderly can be fruitful in order to improve the life expectancy of the elderly. Keywords: perfectionism, hope, optimism, self-efficacy, resilience, vitality, life expectancy.